US3735188A - Traveling wave tube with coax to helix impedance matching sections - Google Patents

Traveling wave tube with coax to helix impedance matching sections Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3735188A
US3735188A US00268797A US3735188DA US3735188A US 3735188 A US3735188 A US 3735188A US 00268797 A US00268797 A US 00268797A US 3735188D A US3735188D A US 3735188DA US 3735188 A US3735188 A US 3735188A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
helix
elongated
slow wave
matching
cylinder
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00268797A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
C Anderson
C Cardoza
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Northrop Grumman Guidance and Electronics Co Inc
Original Assignee
Litton Systems Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Litton Systems Inc filed Critical Litton Systems Inc
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3735188A publication Critical patent/US3735188A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J23/00—Details of transit-time tubes of the types covered by group H01J25/00
    • H01J23/36—Coupling devices having distributed capacitance and inductance, structurally associated with the tube, for introducing or removing wave energy
    • H01J23/40—Coupling devices having distributed capacitance and inductance, structurally associated with the tube, for introducing or removing wave energy to or from the interaction circuit
    • H01J23/48—Coupling devices having distributed capacitance and inductance, structurally associated with the tube, for introducing or removing wave energy to or from the interaction circuit for linking interaction circuit with coaxial lines; Devices of the coupled helices type
    • H01J23/50—Coupling devices having distributed capacitance and inductance, structurally associated with the tube, for introducing or removing wave energy to or from the interaction circuit for linking interaction circuit with coaxial lines; Devices of the coupled helices type the interaction circuit being a helix or derived from a helix

Definitions

  • a traveling wave tube includes an elongated hollow cylinder of nonmagnetic metal which serves as a container and an elongated conductive wire helix of predetermined diameter which serves as a slow wave structure, located in the cylinder.
  • a plurality of straight elongated dielectric support rods of a length greater than the helix length are spaced about, contact, and extend along the inner walls of the cylinder substantially parallel with the axis of the cylinder. The rods contact the outer periphery of the helix and thereby support the helix concentric with the axis of the cylinder.
  • a matching helix section of a relatively small number of turns and relatively short length is located at an end of the elongated helix and is supported by the support rods.
  • a coaxial input connector includes a center conductor which extends into the metal cylinder and is connected to one end of the matching helix. The other end of the matching helix is connected to an end of the elongated helix.
  • the matching helix is of a diameter larger than the diameter of the elongated helix to permit the turns of the matching helix to be more proximate the inner surface of the metal cylinder than the turns of the elongated helix and the matching helix includes indented portions which fold around each of said plurality of dielectric support rods.
  • This invention relates to an improvement in O-type traveling wave tubes and, more particularly, to atraveling wave tube having a helix slow wave structure and means to match the low impedance characteristic of the helix slow wave structure.
  • an O-type traveling wave tube includes in an evacuated housing, asource of electrons, such as a cathode; a collector electrode spaced from said cathode and defining therebetween a region, termed an interaction region; a slow wave structure, such as an elongated wire helix, located in the interaction region; means for forming the electrons from the cathode into a beam which is directed into said interaction region in a path through the center of said helix structure to said collector; a magnetic focusing structure of either the permanent magnetic or electromagnetic type for maintaining favorable focusing of electrons in the interaction region; a microwave energy coupling means, such as a coaxial connector, that is coupled to the input end of said helix and another microwave energy coupling means, also suitably a coaxial connector, that is coupled to the output end of said helix.
  • a source of electrons such as a cathode
  • a collector electrode spaced from said cathode and defining therebetween a region, termed an interaction region
  • a microwave signal from the source is applied to the input coupling and travels around and around along the turns of the helix to the output coupling.
  • the axial velocity of the microwave signal is substantially synchronous with the velocity of electrons in the electron beam passing through the center of the helix.
  • the microwave signal on the helix interacts with the electrons in the electron beam as the microwave signal propagates along such helix.
  • the signal undergoes a net gain in energy and appears at the output coupling amplified in level from the level as applied as the input. Concurrently the electrons undergo a net loss of energy.
  • traveling wave tube design requires a proper match of impedances between the input and output couplings and the helix slow wave structure of the traveling wave tube.
  • a coaxial connector which has an impedance characteristic on the order of 50 ohms is coupled to a helix which has a higher characteristic impedance on the order of 200 ohms.
  • microwave energy coupled from an external source to the input connector for application to the helix slow wave structure is in great part reflected, causing losses in the signal and resulting in undesired frequency sensitivity.
  • the traveling wave tube amplifier is self-defeating; the microwave signal is reduced in level at the input of the traveling wave tube.
  • a traveling wave tube should provide uniform amplification independent of the frequency of the microwave signal over a broad band of frequencies.
  • the helix structure of the traveling wave tube is one of the most broad band, slow wave transmission lines known. Theoretically it is capable of providing a transmission path that is nondispersive or non-frequency selective over a band of frequencies of many octaves.
  • the electrical characteristics of the coupling means varies greatly with signal frequency within the frequency band, i.e., is dispersive, the tube provides different levels of amplification, dependent upon the frequency of the input signal.
  • the electrical transmission characteristics of the coupling means is a limiting factor to the broad band capability available with the helix type slow wave structure.
  • the coupling means forms essentially, by analogy, a weak link in the structural chain.
  • the impedance match is in part obtained by varying the periodicity of a few end turns of a uniform diameter helix; in Robertson a tapered dielectric is employed or additional wire configurations are used; in Cutler a tape conductor overlying the helix is used; and in Anderson a conductive tape helix forming a frustro conical surface is coupled to the ends of the main helix. While each of these structures appear to have been suitable for these purposes, they necessarily involve complex structural components or structural features which are difficult to manufacture and adjust, or which impose additional limitations on the operation of the tube or upon the design of other elements of the traveling wave tube or require still additional tube structure.
  • O-type traveling wave tube includes an elongated hollow cylinder of nonmagnetic metal which serves as a container and an elongated conductive wire helix of predetermined diameter which serves as a slow wave structure, located in the cylinder.
  • a plurality of straight elongated dielectric support rods of length greater than the helix'length are spaced about, contact, and extend along the inner walls of the cylinder substantially parallel with the axis of the cylinder. The rods contact the outer periphery of the helix and thereby support the helix concentric with the axis of the cylinder.
  • a matching helix section ofa relatively small number of turns and relatively short length is located at an end of the elongated helix and is supported by the ceramic rods.
  • a coaxial connector includes a center conductor which extends into the metal cylinder and is connected to one end of the matching helix and the other end of the matching helix is connected to an end of the elongated helix.
  • the matching helix is of a diameter larger than the diameter of the elongated helix to permit the turns of the matching helix to be more proximate the inner surface of the metal cylinder than the turns of the elongated helix and the matching helix includes indented portions which fold around each of said plurality of dielectric support rods.
  • the matching helix is of a tapelike form and is of a width which progressively reduces over its length to approximately the same width as the wire of the elongated helix.
  • the end of greatest width is connected to the center conductor of the coaxial connector and the remaining end of smallest width is connected to an end of the elongated helix.
  • a second coaxial connector having a center conductor is coupled through the metal cylinder and is coupled electrically to the other end of the elongated helix by means of a matching helix of substantially similar configuration as that of the first matching helix.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates in section and in elevation a preferred embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a section of the embodiment of FIG. 1 taken along the lines A-A;
  • FIG. 3 is an enlarged section and elevation of the section of FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 4 illustrates a step for initially assembling an element of the invention.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates graphically the resulting VSWR of one specific example of the invention.
  • FIG. 1 is illustrated in section and discloses in a greatly simplified illustration a helix type traveling wave tube. And this section is of exaggerated scale and proportion in order to permit clear illustration of the particularly novel aspects of the invention and their functional inter-relations with the more conventional elements normally found in the helix type of traveling wave tube without presenting wholly unnecessary and well-known mechanical detail.
  • the tube is conventional in structure except where it is modified to incorporate the novel impedance matching sections characteristic of the invention, hereinafter explained in greater detail.
  • the traveling wave tube of FIG. 1 includes an electron gun assembly 3, a collector electrode 5 located spaced from the electron gun across an interaction region 7 located between the collector and electron gun.
  • a helix shaped matching section 13 is located to the left of helix 9, and another helix shaped matching section 17 is located to the right of helix 9.
  • a coaxial connector 11 has a center conductor 12 coupled to one end of matching section 13.
  • a second coaxial connector 15 has a center conductor 16 coupled to one end of the second helix shaped impedance matching section 17.
  • Ceramic dielectric spacers l0 and 14 support the respective center conductor in electrically insulated relationship with the outer cylindrical connector wall and form a vacuum tight seal therebetween.
  • Each of the impedance matching sections, 13 and 17, is of a metal material and is geometrically broadly defined as a helix.
  • the matching helixes l3 and 17 are larger in diameter than elongated helix 9. The remaining end of each of the matching helixes l3 and 17 is connected to a respective end of helix 9.
  • Helix matching sections 13 and 17 and the slow wave structure, helix 9, are supported by three elongated straight support rods, 19, 21, and 23, the latter one of which is not illustrated in this figure.
  • the rods are of an electrically insulative (dielectric) material, suitably a ceramic such as aluminum oxide or boron nitride as is conventional.
  • the dielectric support rods are evenly spaced about the outer surface of helix 9, extend substantially parallel to the axis of the helix and are sufficiently greater in length than elongated helix 9 to accommodate extending beyond each helix matching section.
  • the support rods are in turn mechanically attached or supported within the hollow cylinder 25, suitably of a nonmagnetic metal which shields helix 9 from external RF fields, abut the inner cylindrical wall of cylinder 25 and are oriented parallel to the axis of the cylinder.
  • a ceramic ring insulator is coupled between collector electrode 5 and one end of cylinder 25 in an electrically insulated and vacuum tight relationship.
  • This attachment is customarily accomplished by wellknown brazing techniques.
  • the electron gun 3 is located in a housing or chamber 28, suitably of metal or ceramic, which maintains a vacuum tight connection to the exterior.
  • the electron gun contains a cathode and a pair of electrical leads 2 and 4, the latter of which permit application of suitable filament voltage and cathode voltages from an external source to the electron gun.
  • a metal end plate 31 is joined between cylinder 25 and cavity 28 and forms an accelerating anode for the electron gun.
  • the end plate includes a passage 33 with which to permit electrons from the electron gun to enter interaction region 7.
  • a conventional magnetic focusing arrangement is normally include in a traveling wave tube to focus electrons traveling in the interaction region in a favorable manner but this structure is not here illustrated.
  • One typical magnetic focusing arrangement comprises an electric coil of wire formed into a solenoid which is wound around cylinder 25 so as to maintain an axial magnetic field along the center of the helix. Inasmuch as cylinder 25 is of a nonmagnetic material, the magnetic fields penetrate from outside the tube body into the interaction region.
  • An alternative magnetic focusing structure incorporates a series of ring shaped magnets mounted about the outer surface of and surrounding the cylinder 25 and axially poled and oriented so that the polarity of adjacent magnets is the same, such as described in pages 55-61, Proceedings of the IRE, Vol. 44, No. 1, Jan.
  • This conventional magnet focusing structure referred to as periodic permanent magnet focusing, provides a magnetic field along the axis of helix 9 that reverses in direction periodically along the length of the helix.
  • periodic permanent magnet focusing provides a magnetic field along the axis of helix 9 that reverses in direction periodically along the length of the helix.
  • some helix type traveling wave tubes have additional grid or focusing electrodes, have the pitch of the elongated helix tapered, include lossy or attenuative material to provide certain attenuation characteristics to microwave energy within the tube, have a severed helix structure with the helix formed in two spaced parts or severed by the application of loss or attenuative material to the helix.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a section of the traveling wave tube of FIG. 1 taken along the lines A-A.
  • the geometry of matching helix section 13 becomes more apparent.
  • Metal cylinder 25, coaxial connector 11, the three straight evenly spaced rectangular shaped ceramic rods 19, 21 and 23, helix 9, and helix matching section 13 are visible in this view.
  • the rods support the helix 9 and helix 13 to the inner cylindrical metal walls of cylinder 25 and maintains those helices rigidly in an electrically insulated relationship thereto.
  • the end profile of helix 9 is a circle.
  • the end profile of matching helix 13 resembles a cover leaf.
  • One end of helix 13 is connected electrically to center conductor 12 of connector 11 and thereupon the electrical conductor form-ing matching helix 13 extends in a circular path up to the region of support rod 23.
  • the conductor then becomes reduced in diameter, forming a concave indentation in the helix, and folds around the outer surface of ceramic rod 23.
  • the conductor then extends up to the larger diameter and extends in a circular path up to the vicinity of support rod 19.
  • the helix then undergoes a similar radially concave indentation and the conductor is folded around the end of rod 19. From there the conductor extends to the larger diameter and extends in the circular path adjacent the walls of cylinder 25 up to the vicinity of ceramic support 21.
  • Helix 13 then becomes reduced in diameter and is concavely indented to fit and fold around ceramic support rod 21.
  • the conductor of the matching helix then extends up to the larger diameter and extends in the circular path completing at least 360 or one turn about the central axis of the tube.
  • the helix l3 continues in such a geometric assembly for the requisite number of turns and length desired.
  • the matching helix 13 is sightly greater in length than 1% turns from the end coupled to conductor' 12 to the point where it is electrically joined to helix portion 9 and is considerably smaller in length than elongated helix 9.
  • the end profile of the matching section 13 will have a corresponding larger number of indentations to accommodate such additional support rods and accordingly the profile view of FIG. 2 would be modified to appear as a four leaf clover geometry, etc.
  • FIG. 3 provides another view of the section of FIG. 2 in perspective elevation. Moreover, the illustration is enlarged slightly from the scale than that used in connection with FIGS. 1 and 2 to better illustrate the elements of the helix and matching section.
  • the illustration of FIG. 3 includes the metal cylinder 25, coaxial connector 11, with center conductor 12, ceramic support rods 19, 21 and 23, helix 9 and helix matching section 13.
  • the helix matching section 13 is in electrical contact with and is connected at one end, 20, to center conductor 12 and extends in a spiral helix for the requisite number of turns,
  • the helix section 13 is looped around each of the ceramic support rods by means of a concave indentation in the helix conductor.
  • the support rod is brazed to the helix section at these locations to form a rigid support.
  • the helix matching section is in the form of a tape having a progressively decreasing width.
  • the tape conductor is of greatest width at the end where it is coupled to the coaxial connector center conductor and tapers progressively over the predetermined number of turns, here 1%, to a width approximately equal to the width of the wire in the helix 9.
  • the tape possesses its lowest impedance, approximately 50 ohms at the input end, and at its other end is narrow in width and matches the impedance of helix 9. In this manner the impedance change of the line is gradual, resulting in a smooth transition and minimum reflections of microwave energy.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 illustrate only helix matching section 13 of FIG. 1. As is apparent, helix matching section 17 is similarly constructed.
  • Each of the helix matching sections is constructed in a very simple manner as is illustrated in part in FIG. 4.
  • the requisite number of turns of metal tape such as 13 in FIG. 4 is wound around a mandrel 35 with the turns being spaced by the desired pitch or turn-to-turn spacing.
  • the mandrel 35 is specially constructed to be of the desired outer diameter and to have a series of indentations, 36, 37 and 38, of the predetermined width and depth.
  • a series of shaping rods, 39, 40 and 41 are then moved in radially at each of the locations of the indentations of the mandrel 35 and press against the overlying portions of wire 13.
  • the wire 13 deforms and becomes indented, as is illustrated by the dotted lines which indicate the profile of the tape 13 after the completion of the operation.
  • the slow wave structure helix 9 is manufactured in a relatively conventional and well known manner and thus need not be fully described. Briefly, making reference again to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the elongated helix 9 is formed and joined with the helix matching sections 13 and 17. The ceramic rods 19, 21 and 23 are then mounted around the helix and matching section assemblies, with the rods being positioned in the indented portions of the matching helixes 13 and 17.
  • the electron gun 3 is maintained at a high negative voltage and the metal cylinder 25 as well as helix 9 is maintained at electrical ground potential and collector electrode is maintained at some intermediate negative potential.
  • electrons are emitted from the electron gun 3 and are accelerated up to a predetermined velocity as they pass through passage 33 in plate 31. These electrons are said to be formed into an electron beam and the electrons travel down the axis of the helix 9 to electrode 5 where they are returned to the power supply via external circuitry of conventional structure.
  • Microwave energy signals to be amplified are coupled to the input coaxial connector 11 and are thusly coupled via center electrode 12 through helix matching section 13 to the helix 9.
  • the microwave signals propagate around the turns of the helix to the output connector 15. Any suitable electrical load is coupled to the output connector and the amplified microwave signal is passed from this end of helix 9 and matching helix 17 to such a load.
  • the pitch of the helix 9 is such that the effective velocity of propagation of the microwave signal over the length of the helix is effectively reduced because of the tortuous path which the signal must propagate around the turns of the helix, typically on the order of l/lOth of the normal free space propagation velocity.
  • the propagation velocity by design is such that it is in synchronism or just slightly lower than the velocity of the electrons in the beam previously described.
  • the electric fields of the microwave signal on the helix extend into the helix center and electronically interacts" with the electron beam.
  • the mode and theoretical mechanics of operation of the helix traveling wave tube is of course well known and amply described in the literature and is only briefly described here for background only.
  • the net velocity of the electrons decreases slightly, resulting in a net loss of energy, whereas the electromagnetic signal is increased in intensity resulting in a net gain in energy to the microwave signal, hence amplification.
  • a helix such as helix 9
  • helix 9 is a relatively broad band device which, with certain limitations, is essentially independent of frequency.
  • signals over a wide range of frequencies may be coupled to the helix and those signals will propagate along the helix at essentially the same predetermined velocity.
  • the helix type traveling wave tube should provide uniform amplification over a very wide range of frequencies of microwave signals applied at the tube input.
  • the coaxial connector has one characteristic impedance, typically on the order of 50 ohms, while the helix has a characteristic impedance on the order of 200 ohms. Any direct coupling between those two elements results in an impedance mismatch that reflects and attenuates microwave energy to a degree heavily dependent upon the frequency of the microwave signal.
  • impedance matching is required to minimize electrical signal reflections and attenuation.
  • an impedance transforming section is employed to provide the impedance match; one that has a gradually changing impedance characteristic along its length and provides a smooth electrical impedance transition between the impedance at one end and the impedance at its other end.
  • the turns of the matching helix section are placed or located at an optimum distance from the cylinder walls in order to obtain the desired low impedance characteristic. This is obtained irrespective of the fact that the ceramic support rods provide obstructions at their locations.
  • the impedance of the matching section at the support rod can also be made the correct value to minimize reflections by taking into account the dielectric constant of the ceramic support rod. To a first approximation the spacing between the cylinder walls and the matching helix conductor at the support rod is effectively electrically decreased by a factor proportional to the square root of the dielectric constant of the support rod material.
  • the width of the tape can be made wider and hence effectively lower the effective impedance, or more narrow to thereby increase the effective impedance, other variables being held constant, and as in the prior art the pitch of the helix matching section may be varied to adjust impedances, and as is obvious the number of turns in the helix as well as its overall length form additional variables that can be used to provide a correct impedance match.
  • the impedance matching section provided uniform matching with power reflection of less than 4 percent over a frequency range of 3 GHz to 12 GHz. This corresponds to a voltage standing wave ratio, VSWR, of 1.5.
  • the elongated helix 9 comprised a helix of tungsten metal of an overall length of 6.5 inches, an outer diameter of 0.075 inches, and each of the helix matching sections 13 and 17 was formed of a length of platinum tape which tapered in width from 0.012 inches to 0.080 inches over a length of 0.650 inches.
  • This tape was formed into the helix configuration consisting of ap proximately 1% turns with a turn-to-turn spacing of 0.100 inches and an overall helix length of 0.250 inches.
  • the slow wave structure so formed is relatively simple in construction and except for the fabrication of the matching sections uses standard parts and results in a very rugged structure'Thus the straight ceramic rods are used as well as the conventional helix 9.
  • the ceramic rods need not be cut to permit a helix matching section of a larger effective diameter than that of helix section 9, and that the matching section such as 13 is substantially of a larger diameter than helix 9.
  • any need to cut away sections of the ceramic support rods or to drill holes through ceramic support rods, which are very impractical procedures is entirely avoided.
  • a matching section capable of greater variation in impedance and successfully obtaining a low impedance input is obtained.
  • said slow wave structure comprises:
  • a plurality of elongated dielectric support members spaced about the inner surface of said sleeve and extending axially thereof, said members being coupled between the inner surface of said metal sleeve and the outer surfaces of said first helix portion to thereby support said helix portion in electrically insulated relationship with and in said metal sleeve;
  • a second electrically conductive helix portion having a larger radius than said first helix portion but less than the radius of said metal sleeve, said second helix portion including a plurality of concave indentations corresponding in number and location to said plurality of dielectric support members with each respective one of said support members with each respective one of said support members being fitted into a corresponding one of said concave indentations to thereby support said second helix portion in addition to said first helix portion while permitting peripheral surface portions of said second helix portion to be located substantially more proximate to the inner walls of said metal sleeve than peripheral surfaces of said first helix portion.
  • said first coupling means comprises a coaxial type connector having a center conductor and a surrounding outer conductor and wherein said center conductor is coupled in electrical contact with an end of said second helix portion.
  • said second helix portion comprises a tapelike metal conductor of a width which progressively decreases between its widest portion at one end to its narrowest portion at the other end to thereby provide a smoothly tapering impedance characteristic.
  • an O-type traveling wave tube which includes a helix slow wave structure located in a cylindrical nonmagnetic metal sleeve and a plurality of straight elongated insulative support members for supporting said helix structure within said metal sleeve in electrically insulated relationship thereto, a first coaxial connector coupled to one end of said helix and a second coaxial connector coupled to the other end of said helix; the improvement wherein an end portion of said helix structure, comprising a predetermined number of turns, is of a radius greater than the radius of the major portion of said helix structure but less than the radius of said cylindrical metal sleeve and contains a plurality of indented portions, indented concavely to a radius substantially equal to that of said major portion of said helix structure, with each of said indented portions being fitted onto a corresponding one of said plurality of insulative support rods.
  • An O-type traveling wave tube of the type which includes an elongated metal slow wave structure located within an elongated hollow nonmagnetic metal cylinder; a plurality of straight elongated support members of electrically insulative material evenly spaced about said elongated slow wave structure and oriented substantially parallel to the axis thereof for supporting said slow wave structure within said metal cylinder in electrically insulated relationship with the inner wall surface of said metal cylinder; a first coaxial connector for coupling microwave energy to one end of said slow wave structure; and a second coaxial connector for coupling microwave energy from the other end of said slow wave structure; the improvement comprising in combination therewith:
  • a first helix of electrically conductive material said first helix being substantially shorter in length than said elongated slow wave structure and one end of said first helix being coupled to said coaxial connector and the other end of said first helix being coupled to one end of said elongated helix for providing an impedance matching section therebetween;
  • a second helix of electrically conductive material said second helix being substantially shorter in length than said elongated slow wave structure, one end of said second helix being coupled to said second coaxial connector and the other end of said second helix being coupled to the other end of said helix for providing an impedance matching section therebetween; each of said helix matching sections comprising a maximum diameter greater than twice the distance between the axis of said cylinder and a most adjacent edge of a support rod and having a plurality of indented portions for receiving respective corresponding ones of said plurality of spaced support rods.

Landscapes

  • Microwave Tubes (AREA)
US00268797A 1972-07-03 1972-07-03 Traveling wave tube with coax to helix impedance matching sections Expired - Lifetime US3735188A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US26879772A 1972-07-03 1972-07-03

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3735188A true US3735188A (en) 1973-05-22

Family

ID=23024525

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00268797A Expired - Lifetime US3735188A (en) 1972-07-03 1972-07-03 Traveling wave tube with coax to helix impedance matching sections

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US3735188A (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)
JP (1) JPS5244697B2 (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)
GB (1) GB1424745A (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3916355A (en) * 1973-03-24 1975-10-28 Fujikura Ltd Circular TE{HD on {b mode filter
US4178533A (en) * 1976-09-21 1979-12-11 Thomson-Csf Microwave delay line for travelling wave tube
US4377770A (en) * 1979-05-23 1983-03-22 Thompson-Csf Microwave delay line incorporating a conductor with a variable cross-section for a travelling-wave tube
US4564788A (en) * 1982-07-30 1986-01-14 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Delay line for high-performance traveling-wave tubes, in the form of a two part-tungsten and molybdenum-ring ribbon conductor
US5051656A (en) * 1989-09-05 1991-09-24 Hughes Aircraft Company Travelling-wave tube with thermally conductive mechanical support comprising resiliently biased springs
FR2790595A1 (fr) * 1999-01-22 2000-09-08 Nec Corp Circuit de ligne a retard en helice
WO2002005306A1 (en) * 2000-07-07 2002-01-17 Ampwave Tech, Llc Tapered traveling wave tube
US6356023B1 (en) * 2000-07-07 2002-03-12 Ampwave Tech, Llc Traveling wave tube amplifier with reduced sever
US20090009086A1 (en) * 2007-07-06 2009-01-08 Nec Microwave Tube, Ltd Traveling wave tube
US20090027295A1 (en) * 2007-07-03 2009-01-29 Applied Physical Electronics, L.C. Transition from a pulse generator to one or more helical antennae
US20100033280A1 (en) * 2006-09-07 2010-02-11 Bird Mark D Conical magnet
CN102446676A (zh) * 2011-12-14 2012-05-09 电子科技大学 一种螺旋线慢波结构
US20120119646A1 (en) * 2012-01-06 2012-05-17 Yanyu Wei helical slow-wave structure
CN104362060A (zh) * 2014-11-25 2015-02-18 中国人民解放军国防科学技术大学 一种介质填充紧凑型相对论返波振荡器
CN114530358A (zh) * 2022-02-22 2022-05-24 电子科技大学 一种同轴单电子注多通道螺旋线行波管

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5586046A (en) * 1978-12-21 1980-06-28 Nec Corp Delayed wave circuit for traveling wave tube
JP7531418B2 (ja) * 2021-02-09 2024-08-09 三菱電機株式会社 電磁波増幅器、及び電磁波増幅器を搭載したレーダ装置

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2891190A (en) * 1954-04-29 1959-06-16 Sperry Rand Corp Travelling wave tubes
US2922067A (en) * 1958-10-29 1960-01-19 Gen Electric High frequency energy interchange device
US2922068A (en) * 1958-06-03 1960-01-19 Sperry Rand Corp Travelling wave tube helix to coaxial line transition means
US3013177A (en) * 1954-08-05 1961-12-12 Int Standard Electric Corp Travelling wave tubes
US3070725A (en) * 1958-03-17 1962-12-25 Eitel Mccullough Inc Travelling wave amplifier
US3201720A (en) * 1960-02-11 1965-08-17 Itt Slow wave filter helix structure

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2891190A (en) * 1954-04-29 1959-06-16 Sperry Rand Corp Travelling wave tubes
US3013177A (en) * 1954-08-05 1961-12-12 Int Standard Electric Corp Travelling wave tubes
US3070725A (en) * 1958-03-17 1962-12-25 Eitel Mccullough Inc Travelling wave amplifier
US2922068A (en) * 1958-06-03 1960-01-19 Sperry Rand Corp Travelling wave tube helix to coaxial line transition means
US2922067A (en) * 1958-10-29 1960-01-19 Gen Electric High frequency energy interchange device
US3201720A (en) * 1960-02-11 1965-08-17 Itt Slow wave filter helix structure

Cited By (23)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3916355A (en) * 1973-03-24 1975-10-28 Fujikura Ltd Circular TE{HD on {b mode filter
US4178533A (en) * 1976-09-21 1979-12-11 Thomson-Csf Microwave delay line for travelling wave tube
US4377770A (en) * 1979-05-23 1983-03-22 Thompson-Csf Microwave delay line incorporating a conductor with a variable cross-section for a travelling-wave tube
US4564788A (en) * 1982-07-30 1986-01-14 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Delay line for high-performance traveling-wave tubes, in the form of a two part-tungsten and molybdenum-ring ribbon conductor
US5051656A (en) * 1989-09-05 1991-09-24 Hughes Aircraft Company Travelling-wave tube with thermally conductive mechanical support comprising resiliently biased springs
FR2790595A1 (fr) * 1999-01-22 2000-09-08 Nec Corp Circuit de ligne a retard en helice
WO2002005306A1 (en) * 2000-07-07 2002-01-17 Ampwave Tech, Llc Tapered traveling wave tube
US6356022B1 (en) * 2000-07-07 2002-03-12 Ampwave Tech, Llc Tapered traveling wave tube
US6356023B1 (en) * 2000-07-07 2002-03-12 Ampwave Tech, Llc Traveling wave tube amplifier with reduced sever
WO2002037520A1 (en) * 2000-11-01 2002-05-10 Ampwave Tech, Llc Traveling wave tube amplifier with reduced sever related applications
US7825760B2 (en) * 2006-09-07 2010-11-02 Bird Mark D Conical magnet
US20100033280A1 (en) * 2006-09-07 2010-02-11 Bird Mark D Conical magnet
US20090027295A1 (en) * 2007-07-03 2009-01-29 Applied Physical Electronics, L.C. Transition from a pulse generator to one or more helical antennae
US7724202B2 (en) * 2007-07-03 2010-05-25 Mayes Jonathan R Transition from a pulse generator to one or more helical antennae
US20090009086A1 (en) * 2007-07-06 2009-01-08 Nec Microwave Tube, Ltd Traveling wave tube
US7898181B2 (en) * 2007-07-06 2011-03-01 Netcomsec Co., Ltd. Traveling wave tube
CN102446676A (zh) * 2011-12-14 2012-05-09 电子科技大学 一种螺旋线慢波结构
US20120119646A1 (en) * 2012-01-06 2012-05-17 Yanyu Wei helical slow-wave structure
US8823262B2 (en) * 2012-01-06 2014-09-02 University Of Electronic Science And Technology Of China Helical slow-wave structure including a helix of rectagular cross-section having grooves therein adapted to receive supporting rods therein
CN104362060A (zh) * 2014-11-25 2015-02-18 中国人民解放军国防科学技术大学 一种介质填充紧凑型相对论返波振荡器
CN104362060B (zh) * 2014-11-25 2016-10-19 中国人民解放军国防科学技术大学 一种介质填充紧凑型相对论返波振荡器
CN114530358A (zh) * 2022-02-22 2022-05-24 电子科技大学 一种同轴单电子注多通道螺旋线行波管
CN114530358B (zh) * 2022-02-22 2023-04-18 电子科技大学 一种同轴单电子注多通道螺旋线行波管

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2327484B2 (de) 1977-06-16
GB1424745A (en) 1976-02-11
DE2327484A1 (de) 1974-01-24
JPS5244697B2 (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html) 1977-11-10
JPS4946371A (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html) 1974-05-02

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3735188A (en) Traveling wave tube with coax to helix impedance matching sections
US3432721A (en) Beam plasma high frequency wave generating system
US2773213A (en) Electron beam tubes
US2784339A (en) Electron discharge devices of the growing wave type
US2957103A (en) High power microwave tube
US4158791A (en) Helix traveling wave tubes with resonant loss
US2802135A (en) Traveling wave electron tube
US3280362A (en) Electron discharge device with helixto-waveguide coupling means
US2836758A (en) Electron discharge device
US2806975A (en) Transition from bifilar helix to waveguide for backward wave oscillator
US2813221A (en) Electron beam traveling-wave tube
US3571651A (en) Log periodic electron discharge device
US2712614A (en) Travelling wave tubes
US2889487A (en) Traveling-wave tube
US3200286A (en) Traveling wave amplifier tube having novel stop-band means to prevent backward wave oscillations
US2853644A (en) Traveling-wave tube
US3576460A (en) Impedance match for periodic microwave circuits and tubes using same
US2851630A (en) High power traveling-wave tube
US2891190A (en) Travelling wave tubes
US3448331A (en) Composite coaxial coupling device and coaxial window
US4004179A (en) Slow wave circuit having serially connected contrawound two-turn helices
US3538377A (en) Traveling wave amplifier having an upstream wave reflective gain control element
US3104340A (en) Broadband klystron
US2850704A (en) Waveguide coupling
US2803777A (en) Radio frequency matching devices