US3733959A - Expansion anchor - Google Patents

Expansion anchor Download PDF

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Publication number
US3733959A
US3733959A US00167748A US3733959DA US3733959A US 3733959 A US3733959 A US 3733959A US 00167748 A US00167748 A US 00167748A US 3733959D A US3733959D A US 3733959DA US 3733959 A US3733959 A US 3733959A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
sleeve
expansion anchor
expander member
wings
slots
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00167748A
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English (en)
Inventor
A Fischer
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Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19702039559 external-priority patent/DE2039559C3/de
Priority claimed from DE19702043620 external-priority patent/DE2043620C3/de
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3733959A publication Critical patent/US3733959A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B13/00—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose
    • F16B13/04—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose with parts gripping in the hole or behind the reverse side of the wall after inserting from the front
    • F16B13/06—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose with parts gripping in the hole or behind the reverse side of the wall after inserting from the front combined with expanding sleeve
    • F16B13/063—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose with parts gripping in the hole or behind the reverse side of the wall after inserting from the front combined with expanding sleeve by the use of an expander
    • F16B13/066—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose with parts gripping in the hole or behind the reverse side of the wall after inserting from the front combined with expanding sleeve by the use of an expander fastened by extracting a separate expander-part, actuated by the screw, nail or the like

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT An expansion anchor for use in a hole formed in a support of porous material.
  • the anchor has a sleeve provided with two or more slots extending rearwardly from its front end, and an expander member for expanding the sleeve located entirely or in part in the latter and provided with at least two flat substantially triangular wings projecting radially outwardly beyond the circumference of the sleeve by a multiple of the diameter of the latter in combination with twice the wall thickness of the sleeve. Outer edge faces of these wings diverge outwardly from the axis of the sleeve in direction axially away from the trailing end of the sleeve and at an acute angle.
  • the present invention relates generally to an expansion anchor, and more particularly to an expansion anchor for anchoring in a hole formed in a support structure. More particularly still the invention relates to an expansion anchor adapted to be anchored in a hole of a support structure which consists completely or in part of porous material.
  • Expansion anchors are known in a great variety of different types, and allof them have utility to a greater or lesser extent. All of them, however, also have in common that they either cannot be properly anchored at all or only with great difficulty in a support structure of porous material. The reason for this is that when the sleeve of the expansion anchor is spread in radial direction, the mannerin which the anchor is to be secured in the hole formed in the support structure, the material of the support structure surrounding the hole becomes destroyed, that is the particulate matter of which the porous material is constituted is broken out of its bonds. As a result the anchor can, even in expanded state, readily be withdrawn together with the separated particulate matter.
  • an expansion anchor in material which is porous in nature can be achieved only when portions of the anchor extend into the material surrounding the expansion anchor hole'and thus behind the material thickness which extends from the particular location to the outer end of the hole-over as large an area as possible and as far inwardly of the outer end of the hole as possible
  • the prior art has provided an expansion anchor the expander member of which is provided with deflecting'surfaces for the shanks of the expansion, anchor sleeve.
  • the shanks must assume a substantially funnel-shaped orientation even before the expansion operation begins, because otherwise they cannot penetrate properly into the material of the support.
  • the outer diameter of the expanding member must be greater than the outer diameter of the sleeve, with the result that the hole provided in the support structure must be at least as large in diameter as the expander member.
  • the space between the inner surface of the hole and the outer surface of the smaller-diameter sleeve must therefore be taken up by an appropriate centering element which increases the expense of the expansion anchor and the complexity of its operation.
  • the oversizedwith respect to the diameter of the expansion anchor sleeve-expansion anchor hole is undesired and disadvantageous.
  • a concomitant object of the invention is to provide such an expansion anchor which is relatively simple in its-construction and inexpensive to produce and sell.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide such an expansion anchor which provides a much greater resistance to undesired or unintentional withdrawal from the expansion anchor hole than was heretofore possible, at least in support structures of porous material.
  • an expansion anchor adapted to be anchored in a hole of predetermined diameter formed in a support, particularly a support of porous material.
  • the expansion anchor comprises, according to one embodiment of the invention and briefly stated, an elongated expansion anchor sleeve having a front end, a rear end and at least two longitudinal slots extending-from the front end towards the rear end longitudinally of the axis of the sleeve.
  • the expansion anchor further comprises an expander member for expanding the sleeve in the region of the slots in response to displacement relative to the sleeve in direction from the front end towards the rear end of the latter.
  • the expander member is elongated and comprises a trailing portion extending outwardly from the rear end, a leading portion in the region of the front end, and at least two flat wings projecting from the leading portion radially outwardly beyond the circumference of the sleeve in planes other than the general planes of the slots.
  • the wings have outer edge faces which diverge outwardly of the axis and in direction axially away from the rear end, and the outermost regions of these wings are located on a circle whose diameter is a multiple of the outer diameter of the sleeve with double the wall thickness of the sleeve added to it.
  • the wings-which are located in planes other than the general plane of the slots in the sleeve, will cause the shanks into which the sleeve is subdivided by the slots to become radially outwardly deflected to a very signif-
  • the large-area contact of the wings with the material of the support surrounding the expansion anchor hole-which is in contrast to what is known from the prior art-the wings provide a highly reliable and effective means of preventing the expansion anchor from being rotated in the expansion anchor hole even if the material of the support is highly porous.
  • the overall effect is to obtain a reliable and simple anchoring of the expansion anchor in the expansion anchor hole, preventing the anchor from being turned therein and providing a high degree of resistance to undesired or inadvertent withdrawal of the expansion anchor from the hole despite the relatively small outer diameter of the expansion anchor.
  • the expander member itself may be made fast with or of one piece with an exteriorly threaded component which extends outwardly of the expansion anchor hole and can be engaged with appropriate means serving to draw the expander member into the sleeve in a sense effecting expansion thereof.
  • the wings and the main body portion of the expander member may advantageously be configurated as a relatively flat element of substantially triangular outline.
  • the expander member can also be provided with a tapped bore into which a bolt or screw can be threaded from the exterior of the expansion anchor hole to thereby effect drawing of the expander member into the sleeve for expanding the latter. In this case it is advantageous to so connect the expander member with the sleeve that they cannot be inadvertently separated, as will be discussed more fully below.
  • the expansion anchor sleeve with slits extending rearwardly from the front end to a lesser depth than the aforementioned slots, and to have the portion of the expander member provided with the wings located entirely or substantially entirely in the interior of the sleeve with the wings projecting through the slits and radially outwardly beyond the expansion anchor sleeve.
  • the radially outermost edges or corners of the wings may be provided with wedge-shaped tapers which taper in direction towards the trailing end of the sleeve to facilitate driving of the expansion anchor into the material of the support, it being understood that'those portact and outwardly deflect the shanks of the expansion anchor sleeve can be so configurated that on expansion of the sleeve they will deflect the shanks in radial direction with reference to the axis of the sleeve so that the shanks are forced to penetrate into the material surrounding the expansion anchor hole.
  • the wings themselves extend to a relatively significant depth into the material surrounding the hole they provide proper guidance for the shanks over a rather long distance so that undesired bending or kinking of the shanks is avoided despite their originally axial orientation.
  • the expansion anchor according to the present invention can be used in expansion anchor holes whose diameter is substantially smaller than that heretofore necessary for expansion anchors known from the prior art.
  • the expansion anchor as a small outer diameter it is advantageous to use an expander member having two of the wings; however, if the outer diameter of the expansion anchor is large or very large, it is possible and in many instances probably very advantageous to use an expander member having three or more of the wings with the sleeve then being provided with a corresponding number of longitudinally extending slots in order to provide a number of shanks which corresponds to the number of wings.
  • the expansion anchor sleeve nOt in form of a one-piece tubular member but to assemble it from two or more sleeve sections or shell sections.
  • These shell sections will have a longitudinally extending recess with the recesses facing one another and defining an interior passage of the sleeve, and-at opposite sides of the recess projecting strip portions which overlie and abut one another when the shell sections are connected.
  • the expander member itself may also be so constructed as to have a core portion surrounded by shell portions on which the radially projecting wings are proVided.
  • the two last-mentioned possi- 1 bilities can be used independently of one another or in combination with one another.
  • the expander member having a core portion and the shell portions provided with the wings can be made particularly simply and inexpensively because the shell portions can be formed by stampingor pressing and be placed about the core portion to which they are secured in suitable manner, for instance by spot welding.
  • FIGS. 1 and 1a are fragmentary partially sectioned perspective views illustrating one embodiment of the invention in two positions;
  • FIGS. 2 and 2a are end views of the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 1a as seen in the direction of the ai'row II and again showing the two positions;
  • FIG. 3 is a view similar to FIG. 1 illustratinG a further embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 4' is a view similar to FIG. 2 but of the embodiment in FIG. 3, as seen in the direction of the arrow IV;
  • the expansion anchor sleeve is a tubular member which is provided at diametrally opposite locations with a pair of axially extending slots 3 which extend inwardly from the leading end (the one which is to be inserted first into an expansion anchor hole in a support) towards the trailing end of the sleeve 2.
  • the expander member 4 in this embodiment is of one piece with an externally threaded portion 5 which constitutes'the trailing portion of the expander member and projects rearwardly and outwardly beyond the trailing end of the sleeve 2 so that it can be engaged exteriorly of the expansion anchor hole by a suitable component, for instance by a nut, to draw the expander member 4 into the sleeve 2 in a sense effecting expanding of the latter.
  • the expander member 4 is provided at two diametrally opposite locations with radially projecting wings 6 which are of flat configuration and the member 4 is so inserted into the sleeve 2 that the planes of the wings 6 are inclined (here at right angles) to the general planes of the slots 3. In other words, the wings 6 must not extend into or through the slots 3.
  • the wings are each provided with a radially outwardly directed edge face 8 which-diverge at an acute angle with referenceto the longitudinal axis of the expansion anchor in direction towards the leading end 9 of the member 4.
  • Their radially outermost corners 10 are located on a circle surrounding the axis of the member 4 and having a diameter which is a multiple of the outer diameter of the sleeve 2 with double the wall thickness of the sleeve 2 added to it.
  • the trailing ends of the slots 3 are each provided with a transversely extending or circumferentially extending portion 11 to make the radially outward spreading of the shanks formed on the sleeve by the slots 3 simpler.
  • a short cylindrical projection 12 is provided on the expander member 4 for guiding the latter while it is driven into an expansion anchor hole.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 The embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 4 is somewhat different from that in FIGS. 1 and 2 in that the expander member 4 is provided with a centrally located tapped bore 13 which extends from the trailing portion towards the leading portion of the expander member 4 and into which a non-illustrated bolt, screw or the like can be threaded in order to effect drawing 0F the expander member into the sleeve.
  • the expander member 4 is also connected with the sleeve 2 in such a manner that they cannot be separated inadvertently or in undesired manner.
  • the sleeve 2 extends to the end of the expander member 4, that is the latter is entirely located within the sleeve 2 in so far as its elongation is concerned.
  • the open leading end of the sleeve 2 is provided with a radially inwardly extending bead or collar 2a which retains the member 4 in the sleeve 2.
  • FIG. 5 utilizes an expansion anchor sleeve 2 which is composed of two sleeve sections 15 and 16 each of which is provided with a recess and which recesses together define the internal passage of the sleeve 2.
  • the sleeve sections 15 and 16 are provided with radially projecting strip portions 17 and 18 which in the illustrated embodiment extend over the entire axial length of the sleeve 2, but which should extend at least over the length of the slots 3.
  • the sections are placed together as illustrated, and 11 the strip portions 17 and 18 are connected in suitable manner, for instance by spot welding as at 19 or in other ways, in order to maintain the sections 15 and 16 connected with one another.
  • the expander member 4 in this embodiment utilizes a core portion 4a surrounded by and connected to two sleeve portions 20 and 21 on which the radially projecting wings 6 are formed.
  • the wings are located in a plane which is at right angles to the general plane of the strip portions 17 and 18 and thus of the slots 3 of the sleeve 2.
  • the sleeve portions 20 and 21 are again connected in suitable manner with the core portion 4a, as by spot welding or the like.
  • the core portion 4a is provided with atapped bore 13 into which a bolt or screw can be threaded, and this can be closed by means of a cap or the like which is removable, in order to protect the topped bore 13 against the entry of particles of the support during driving of the expansion anchor into the expansion anchor hole formed therein.
  • the support is formed with an expansion anchor hole as by drilling or the like.
  • the diameter of the hole corresponds to the outer diameter of the sleeve 2.
  • the shanks formed in the sleeve 2 by the provision of the slots 3 slide on the edge faces 8 of the wings 6 and are spread to a multiple of the bore diameter during continued movement of the expander member 4 in direction towards the rear end of the anchor sleeve 2.
  • the shanks are supported and maintained in their expanded position by the edge faces 8 of the wings 6 and a permanent expansion with large-area penetration into the material of the support is thereby achieved.
  • the material of the support which is destroyed-that is becomes crumbly and loose-during the expansion is actually compacted during continued expansion by the shank and partially driven into the slots formed in the surrounding material during the passage therethrough of the wings 6, so that these slots are at least in part closed and further resistance to withdrawal of the expansion anchor from the hole is obtained.
  • the sleeve sections 15 and 16 are spread apart and slide on the edge faces 8 of the wings 6.
  • the contact face between the shanks of the anchor sleeve 2 and the material surrounding the expansion anchor hole is increased by comparison to the preceding embodiments as a result of the provision of the strip portions on thesections l and 16 and the force exerted upon the material of .the support during the spreading-apart of the anchor sleeve 2 is distributed over a larger surface area.
  • expansion anchor sleeve and expander member have been illustrated as being of metallic material, they could also be of other materials, and in particular they could also be of synthetic plastic material.
  • An expansion anchor adapted to be anchored in a hole of predetermined diameter formed in a support, particularly a support of porous material, comprising an elongated expansion anchor sleeve having a circumferential wall of predetermined thickness and of an outer diameter which at least substantially correspond to said predetermined diameter, said wall having a front end, a rear end and at least two longitudinal slots extending from said front end towards said rear end longitudinally of the axis of said sleeve; and an expander member for expanding said sleeve in the region of said slots in response to displacement relative to saidsleeve in direction from said front end towards said rear end, said expander member being elongated and comprising a trailing portion in the region of said rear end, a leading portion in the region of said front end, and at least two flat wings projecting from said leading portion radially outwardly beyond the circumference of said sleeve in planes other than the general planes of said slots, said wings having outer edge faces which diverge outwardly of said axis in
  • An expansion anchor as defined in claim 1. said expander member including a core portion and at least two shell portions surrounding and connected to said core portion and being provided with said wings.
  • said sleeve comprising at least a pair of elongated connected sleeve sections having respective central recesses which face one another and together define an interior passage of said sleeve, and strip-portions located at opposite sides of and extending along the respective recess, said strip-portions of said sleeve sections being juxtaposed and defining said slots at the juncture of their respective interfaces with said interior passage.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Dowels (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)
US00167748A 1970-08-08 1971-07-30 Expansion anchor Expired - Lifetime US3733959A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19702039559 DE2039559C3 (de) 1970-08-08 1970-08-08 Dübel fur eine Wand aus porösem Material wie z B Gasbeton
DE19702043620 DE2043620C3 (de) 1970-09-03 Dübel für eine Wand aus porösem Material wie z.B. Gasbeton

Publications (1)

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US3733959A true US3733959A (en) 1973-05-22

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ID=25759561

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00167748A Expired - Lifetime US3733959A (en) 1970-08-08 1971-07-30 Expansion anchor

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US (1) US3733959A (show.php)
AT (1) AT320247B (show.php)
CH (1) CH548546A (show.php)
CS (1) CS166282B2 (show.php)
ES (1) ES198456Y (show.php)
FR (1) FR2103887A5 (show.php)
NL (1) NL151474B (show.php)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0509248A3 (en) * 1991-04-15 1993-01-27 "Toge-Duebel" A. Gerhard Gmbh Expanding dowel

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FR2103887A5 (show.php) 1972-04-14
ES198456Y (es) 1975-10-16
ES198456U (es) 1975-06-01
CS166282B2 (show.php) 1976-02-27
CH548546A (de) 1974-04-30
NL7110883A (show.php) 1972-02-10
NL151474B (nl) 1976-11-15
AT320247B (de) 1975-01-27

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