Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M7/00—Solid or semi-solid compositions essentially based on lubricating components other than mineral lubricating oils or fatty oils and their use as lubricants; Use as lubricants of single solid or semi-solid substances
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2201/08—Inorganic acids or salts thereof
  • C10M2201/082—Inorganic acids or salts thereof containing nitrogen
  • C10M2201/083—Inorganic acids or salts thereof containing nitrogen nitrites
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2201/14—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions inorganic compounds surface treated with organic compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2203/06—Well-defined aromatic compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2205/18—Natural waxes, e.g. ceresin, ozocerite, bees wax, carnauba; Degras
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
  • C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
  • C10M2207/125—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
  • C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
  • C10M2207/129—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of thirty or more carbon atoms
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
  • C10M2207/16—Naphthenic acids
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
  • C10M2207/20—Rosin acids
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions
  • C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
  • C10M2215/04—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions
  • C10M2215/22—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
  • C10M2215/223—Five-membered rings containing nitrogen and carbon only
  • C10M2215/224—Imidazoles
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions
  • C10M2215/24—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions having hydrocarbon substituents containing thirty or more carbon atoms, e.g. nitrogen derivatives of substituted succinic acid
  • C10M2215/26—Amines
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
  • C10N2010/02—Groups 1 or 11
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
  • C10N2010/04—Groups 2 or 12
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
  • C10N2010/06—Groups 3 or 13
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
  • C10N2010/08—Groups 4 or 14
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
  • C10N2050/08—Solids
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
  • C10N2050/10—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated semi-solid; greasy

Definitions

• the present invention is concerned with grease compositions which have excellent low temperature properties.
• Some of the grease compositions of our invention are pumpable at temperatures as low as 60 F. Flow properties are so good that they can be dispensed with ordinary hand-type grease guns.
• the present invention relates to a lubricating grease, having extreme low temperature pumpability properties, comprising a major proportion of a synthetic hydrocarbon lubricant and a minor grease-forming amount of a conventional grease-forming agent, said synthetic hydrocarbon lubricant containing at least 60 weight percent di-n-alkylbenzenes, said di-n-alkylbenzenes having a molecular weight in the range of from about 350 to about 460 and having alkyl groups which contain from 6 to 18 carbon atoms.
• the present invention relates to a lubricating grease, having extreme low temperature properties, comprising a major proportion of a synthetic hydrocarbon lubricant and a minor greaseforming amount of a modified clay grease-forming agent, said synthetic hydrocarbon lubricant being as described in the immediate foregoing.
• the present invention relates to a lubricating grease, having extreme low temperature properties, comprising a major proportion of a synthetic hydrocarbon lubricant, as described in the foregoing, a grease-forming amount of a lithium soap grease-forming agent and a rust-inhibiting amount of a combination of lead naphthenate, didodecyl dimethyl 3,730,896 Patented May 1., 1973 uaternary ammonium nitrite (or nitrate) and a fatty imidazoline alkyl diamine dicaprylate.
• nalkylbenzenes refers to benzenes containing 21. substantially straight chain alkyl group, wherein, preferably, at least percent of the alkyl substituents are bonded to the benzene nucleus through a secondary carbon atom of the respective alkyl group. While we prefer the term n-alkylbenzenes other terms such as linear alkylbenzenes or straight-chain alkylbenzenes, are equally descriptive.
• the synthetic hydrocarbon composition contains at least 60, preferably at least 75, Weight percent di-nalkylbenzenes.
• the remainder of the composition is a mixture of alkyl-substituted tetrahydronaphthalenes and indanes, indenes, diphenylalkanes, naphthalenes, and alkyl-substituted naphthalenes.
• One means of preparing the di-n-alkylbenzenes is by alkylating benzene with suitable alkyl groups.
• a preferred method of preparing the synthetic hydrocarbon composition is by the disproportionation of mono-n-alkylbenzenes using HF-BF aluminum bromide or aluminum chloride, preferably the latter, as the catalyst. Inasmuch as the product prepared by the disproportionation process is preferred in my invention, the disproportionation process will be described in detail.
• Suitable mono-n-alkylbenzenes are those containing from about 6 to about 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl groups.
• the alkyl groups of the mono-n-alkylbenzenes contain from about 10 to about 15 carbon atoms.
• the term n-alkylbenzenes has been defined in the foregoing.
• the disproportionated product used in the method and compositions of my invention can be prepared using mixtures of the described pure mono-nalkylbenzenes and heterogenous hydrocarbon compositions containing substantial amounts of mixtures of the described mono-n-alkylbenzenes.
• a particularly suitable material for use in preparing the disproportionated product is a composition, containing a substantial amount of mono-n-alkylbenzenes conforming to the foregoing description, produced in accordance with the process of US. Pat. No. 3,316,294. Briefly, US.
• 3,316,294 relates to a process of preparing a detergent alkylate, wherein the process comprises the following steps, broadly stated: (a) separating a fraction of substantially straight-chain C -C hydrocarbons from a petroleum distillate substantially free of olefins and containing said straight-chain hydrocarbons together with non-straight chain hydrocarbons, (b) chlorinating said fraction to the extent whereby between about and about 35 mole percent of the straight-chain hydrocarbons present are substantially only mono-chlorinated, (c) alkylating an aromatic compound, e.g. benzene, with the chlorination product of step (b) in the presence of an alkylation catalyst, and (d) recovering from the reaction mass, by distillation, a fraction consisting essentially of mono-nalkylbenzenes.
• steps broadly stated: (a) separating a fraction of substantially straight-chain C -C hydrocarbons from a petroleum distillate substantially free of olefins and containing said straight-chain hydrocarbon
• N alkyleue 600 Process conditions for disproportionation reaction
• the disproportionation reaction is conducted using aluminum chloride as the catalyst.
• the amount of the catalyst which is used can vary from about 0.1 weight percent to about 10 Weight percent based on the mono-nalkylbenzene starting material.
• the amount of catalyst is from about 0.5 weight percent to about 5 Weight percent.
• Suitable promoters include any material which, when added to the catalyst, yields a proton.
• Preferred promoters are hydrogen chloride and water.
• the amount of promoter is typically about 4 weight percent based on the weight of the catalyst employed. It should be emphasized that anyone skilled in this art can readily determine the necessity of using a promoter and the amount of promoter, if used.
• the disproportionation process is conducted at a temperature of from about 20 C. to about 130 C. Since maximum yields of the di-n-alkylbenzenes are obtained at temperatures between about 65 C. and 120 C., these temperatures are preferred. The most preferred temperature is about 100 C. When this temperature is used, preferably the amount of catalyst is from about 0.75 to about 2 weight percent.
• the reaction mass is distilled in order to remove the benzene, paraffins and unreacted mono-n-alkylbenzenes.
• the desired product is the disproportionated material distilling in the range of about 165 C. to about 300 C. at 5 mm. Hg. This material has an average molecular weight in the range of about 350 to about 460.
• the lower c-ut point is 185 C. at 5 mm. Hg.
• the lower cut point is 197 C. at 5 mm. Hg.
• the desired fraction is obtained by distilling from the disproportionated product a select fraction or overhead amounting to from about 10 to about 90 percent of the disproportionate.
• the disproportionated product has the following properties:
• Viscosity index 80 to 116 Pour point, F. 40 to 80. Molecular weight 350 to 460.
• the disproportionated product typically has the following chemical composition, as indicated by mass spectrometer analysis.
• Grease-forming agents Any of the conventional grease-forming agents can be used to prepare the greases of our invention. As is well .known, most of the greases of commerce use metal soaps prepared by saponifying fats and oils of animal, vegetable or marine origin. In addition to the preceding, other saponifiable materials include rosin oil, naphthenic acids, sulfonic acids, synthetic fatty acids, montan wax and wool grease.
• the metals of the grease-forming agent can be aluminum, barium, calcium, lithium, sodium, magnesium, lead or strontium. Particularly suitable grease-forming agents for our invention include the lithium and calcium fatty acid soaps.
• modified bentonites are preferred as the grease-forming agent. It is believed that the term modified bentonite is now well-understood in the grease art.
• the amount of grease-forming agent which is used in the greases of our invention is in the range of from about 1 to about 30 weight percent.
• the amount of grease-forming agent is in the range of about 5 to about 10 weight percent.
• varying the amount of grease-forming agent affects the consistency of the grease product.
• additives such as rust inhibitors, oxidation inhibitors, lubricity agents, extreme pressure agents, stringiness agents and the like, may be added to the grease of our invention.
• Rust inhibited lithium grease This embodiment of our invention concerns a rustinhibited, low-temperature grease composition
• a rustinhibited, low-temperature grease composition comprising a major proportion of a synthetic hydrocarbon lubricant, as described in the foregoing, a grease-forming amount of a lithium soap grease-forming agent and a rust-inhibiting amount of a combination of lead naphthenate, didodecyl dimethyl quaternary ammonium nitrite (or nitrate) and a fatty imidazoline alkyl diamine dicaprylate. Since this particular rust inhibitor combination was found not to provide protection in salt water environments when used in a conventional lithium soap-petroleum oil grease, it is surprising that it provides salt water rust protection in a lithium soap-synthetic hydrocarbon lubricant grease.
• Suitable lithium soaps for this embodiment of our invention include any of the lithium soaps described hereinbefore. More suitably, the lithium soap is derived from a fatty acid; preferably, it is derived from 12-hydroxy stearic acid.
• the amount of grease-forming agent for this embodiment is the same as described in the foregoing.
• Lead naphthenate which is used in the grease of this embodiment of our invention can be any commercially available lead naphthenate.
• a commercial grade of lead naphthenate containing about 30 percent, by weight, lead has been particularly suitable.
• Quaternary ammonium nitrite (or nitrate).
• the dialkyl dimethyl quaternary ammonium nitrite or nitrate which is used in the grease of this embodiment of our invention can be represented by the following formula:
• Percent arquad chloride Percent arquad nitrite Apparent molecular weig Average percent nitrogen.
• Solvent carrier isopropanol Specific gravity. Flash point F Fire point, F
• Fatty irnidazoline diamine dicapryIate (This material is the reaction product of 1 or 2 moles (preferably 2 moles) of caprylic acid and a fatty imidazoline alkyl diamine.
• the fatty imidazoline alkyl diamine is represented by the following structural formula:
• R is mixed heptadecenyl (oleic) or mixed heptadienyl (linoleic).
• a particularly suitable material is available from Nalco Chemical Company under the trade name Nalcamine SCC135. This material is the reaction product of one to two moles of caprylic acid and one mole of Nalcamine G397, which is a mixed heptadecenyl and heptadecadienyl imidazoline alkyl diamine.
• Suitable More suitable Preferred Lead naphthenate 1 -3 1. 5-2. 5 2. 0 Quaternary ammonium nitrite or nitrate 1-4 1. 25-2 1. 5 Fatty imidazoline alkyl diamine dicapryltte 0. 5-2 0. 75-1. 25 1. 0
• Rust test method In some instances the rust test method which was used to evaluate the greases described herein was a modification of ASTM D-l743-64. Since the original method is quite mild it was modified to provide a more severe method. First, in some instances the method was modified by substituting lake water, sea water or synthetic sea water (ASTM Method D665-IP gives composition) for the distilled water called for by the original method. Sec- 7 ondly, the severity of the method was increased by the following changes in the thrust-loaded, run-in procedure:
• the original ASTM method specifies that the test bearing, packed with 2 grams of grease and rotated, be dipped in distilled water just prior to storage in a sealed jar over 5 ml. of distilled water.
• the severity of the test has been increased by (1) immersing the packed bearing in salt water, (2) rotation under a thrust load to distribute fully the salt water, (3) a second immersion in salt water, and (4) storage in a salt water environment.
• EXAMPLE 1 This example concerns the preparation of the synthetic hydrocarbon lubricant used to prepare the greases described herein.
• the synthetic hydrocarbon lubricant was a plant batch of disproportionated product prepared as follows:
• the reaction vessel was a 3000-gallon, stirred-kettle reactor, fitted for heating, controlled addition of liquids and solids and introduction of gaseous materials.
• Nalkylone 600 and AlCl were fed continuously to the reaction vessel at rates of :10 and 8:4 pounds per minute, respectively.
• Hydrogen chloride gas was also fed into the reactor at a rate of 4:1 s.c.f. per minute.
• the level of reaction mass in the reactor was maintained to afford a residence time of 1.75 :0.25 hours.
• partition chromatography analysis indicated that it contained 5 weight percent benzene, 15 weight percent paraffins, 55 weight percent unreacted monoalkylbenzenes and 25 weight percent dialkylbenzenes.
• the crude product was allowed to settle and the AlCl sludge was removed. The remaining crude product was then contacted with 2 volumes of 15:10 weight percent caustic solution. Following this, the crude product was contacted with 4:1 volumes of water to remove the residual caustic.
• Monoalkylbenzene 290330 F. at 12 mm. Hg.
• Disproportionation product Above 330 F. at 12 mm.
• the disproportionation product was subjected to a further fractionation to remove 85 :10 weight percent overhead boiling between 450 and 850 F. at 760 mm. Hg. The residue was set aside. The overhead product was the desired disproportionated product (164,000 pounds were produced). The disproportionated product had the following physical properties:
• the synthetic hydrocarbon lubricant and calcium hydroxide were added to a Ross mixer and stirred until thoroughly mixed.
• the water was added and the resulting admixture was heated to 120 F., at which time the 12- hydroxy stearic acid was added.
• the total admixture was heated slowly to 253F., whereupon a smooth, heavy grease was formed.
• EXAMPLE 3 This example shows the preparation of a lithium 12- hydroxy stearate grease using the synthetic hydrocarbon lubricant of Example 1.
• the grease was prepared by simply adding preformed lithium 12-hydroxy stearate soap (from Witco Chemical Company) and the synthetic hydrocarbon lubricant to a mixer. The contents of the mixer were heated to about 400 F. at which time they were poured into pans and allowed to cool to ambient temperatures. A grease formed, which was then milled, additives were added, and the composition was thoroughly mixed at about 250 F.
• the composition and properties of the grease were as follows:
• the grease of this example was tested for rust preventive properties using the modified ASTMD-l743 test method, with salt water. After two weeks testing, the bearings were rust-free. Rust-free hearings were also obtained using the standard ASTMD-1743 test, with distilled water.
• EXAMPLE 4 For purposes of comparison a grease similar to that in Example 3 was prepared. The sole difference was that instead of the synthetic hydrocarbon lubricant there was used a paraifinic petroleum mineral oil having a viscosity of about 100 SSU at 100 F.
• EXAMPLE 5 This example illustrates the preparation of a grease from the synthetic hydrocarbon lubricant of Example 1 using modified bentonite as the grease-forming agent.
• the modified bentonite used was Nykon 77 available from the Baroid Division of National Lead Company. Nykon 77 contains a small amount of sodium nitrite for rust inhibition.
• step (1) One part acetone to seven parts of Nykon 77 of step (1) is then added and the total mass is mixed thoroughly;
• EXAMPLE 6 This example shows that the clay thickened-synthetic hydrocarbon lubricant greases have better low temperature flow properties than the corresponding lithium soap thickened greases.
• the flow test apparatus used in this example consisted basically of a 20-foot coil of 0.19 inch I.D. copper tubing immersed in a refrigerated bath.
• a 24-foot pre-cooler coil of inch copper tubing was attached to the 20- foot coil, the pre-cooler coil also being immersed in the refrigerator bath.
• a variable speed gear pump (1 gallon per hour) was attached between the grease reservoir and the pro-cooler coil.
• a pressure gauge was attached at the junction of the pre-cooler coil and the 20-foot test coil.
• the gear pump was force-fed by putting air pressure on the grease reservoir to prevent cavitation. This pres sure did not influence the grease flow rate in the positive displacement gear pump.
• the grease flow rate in cubic inches per minute versus pressure drop per foot of test pipe was obtained. This flow rate can be converted to apparent viscosity.
• EXAMPLE 7 Using the apparatus described in Example 6 it was determined that the No. 1 grade clay-thickened grease pumped at 63 F. even after overnight standing the pipe flow apparatus. The flow rate was 0.04 in. /min. at a pressure drop of 42 p.s.i./ft. Such a flow rate indicates that the grease is pumpable with a hand gun at --63 F.
• EXAMPLE 8 This example shows the complete properties of several batches of greases of our invention which were prepared with the synthetic hydrocarbon lubricant of Example 1.
• a lubricating grease said grease being pumpable at temperatures as low as 50 F., comprising a major proportion of a synthetic hydrocarbon lubricant and a greaseforming amount, in the range of from about 1 to about 25 weight percent, of a grease-forming agent selected from the group consisting of a lithium fatty acid soap and a modified clay, said synthetic hydrocarbon lubricant being prepared by the disproportionation of mono-n-alkylbenzenes, containing from 6 to 18 carbon atoms, using as the catalyst aluminum chloride, aluminum bromide or HF--BF said synthetic hydrocarbon lubricant having the following composition:
• Viscosity index to 116 Pour point, F. 40 to -80. Molecular weight 350 to 460.
• the lubricating grease of claim 1 characterized further in that the grease-forming agent is a lithium fatty acid soap.
• the lubricating grease of claim 1 characterized further in that the grease-forming agent is a modified clay.
• a lubricating grease having excellent low temperature pumpability properties comprising a major proportion of a synthetic hydrocarbon lubricant and a greaseforming amount, in the range of from about 1 to about 25 weight percent, of a modified clay grease-forming agent, said synthetic hydrocarbon lubricant being prepared by the disproportionation of mono-n-alkylbenzenes, containing from about 10 to about 15 carbon atoms using as the catalyst aluminum chloride, aluminum bromide or HF-BF said synthetic hydrocarbon lubricant having the following composition:
• Viscosity index 80 to 116. of the resulting greases are summarized in Table I, which Pour point, F. 40 to 80. follows: Molecular Weight 350 to 460.
• a lubricating grease composition having good low temperature pumpability properties, comprising a major proportion of a synthetic hydrocarbon lubricant, a greaseforming amount, in the range of from about 1 to about 25 weight percent, of a lithium fatty acid soap greaseforming agent and a rust-inhibiting amount of a combination of lead naphthenate, a fatty imidazoline alkyl diamine dicaprylate prepared from a fatty imidazoline alkyl diamine having the structure enyl, and a dialkyl dimethyl quaternary ammonium compound represented by the formula wherein R and R are C to C alkyl groups and X is nitrite or nitrate, said synthetic hydrocarbon lubricant being prepared by the disproportionation of mono-n-alkylbenzenes, containing from about 10 to about carbon atoms, using as the catalyst aluminum chloride, aluminum bromide or HF-BF said synthetic hydrocarbon lubri- 3 cant having the following composition:
• Viscosity index 80 to 116 Pour point, F. 40 to 80. Molecular weight 350 to 460.
• the lubricating grease composition of claim 8 wherein the lead naphthenate is present in the range of from about 1 to about 3 percent by weight, the dialkyl dimethyl quaternary ammonium compound is didodecyl dimethyl quaternary ammonium nitrite and is present in the range of from about 1 to about 4 percent by weight and the fatty imidazoline alkyl diamine dicaprylate is present in the range of from about 0.5 to about 2 percent by weight.

Landscapes

• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Lubricants (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=22657097

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (4)

Cited By (2)

• 1971
  • 1971-09-10 US US00179562A patent/US3730896A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 1972
  • 1972-07-04 FI FI1898/72A patent/FI53715C/fi active
  • 1972-07-04 NO NO2389/72A patent/NO135253C/no unknown
  • 1972-09-11 JP JP47090512A patent/JPS4836564A/ja active Pending

Also Published As

Similar Documents