US3730538A - Rubbing seal for a rotary regenerative heat exchanger - Google Patents
Rubbing seal for a rotary regenerative heat exchanger Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3730538A US3730538A US00148529A US3730538DA US3730538A US 3730538 A US3730538 A US 3730538A US 00148529 A US00148529 A US 00148529A US 3730538D A US3730538D A US 3730538DA US 3730538 A US3730538 A US 3730538A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- seal
- rubbing
- heat exchanger
- base member
- regenerative heat
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J15/00—Sealings
- F16J15/16—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
- F16J15/34—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with slip-ring pressed against a more or less radial face on one member
- F16J15/3496—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with slip-ring pressed against a more or less radial face on one member use of special materials
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D19/00—Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus in which the intermediate heat-transfer medium or body is moved successively into contact with each heat-exchange medium
- F28D19/04—Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus in which the intermediate heat-transfer medium or body is moved successively into contact with each heat-exchange medium using rigid bodies, e.g. mounted on a movable carrier
- F28D19/047—Sealing means
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S277/00—Seal for a joint or juncture
- Y10S277/935—Seal made of a particular material
- Y10S277/939—Containing metal
- Y10S277/94—Alloy
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S277/00—Seal for a joint or juncture
- Y10S277/935—Seal made of a particular material
- Y10S277/939—Containing metal
- Y10S277/941—Aluminum or copper
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12014—All metal or with adjacent metals having metal particles
- Y10T428/12028—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, etc.]
- Y10T428/12063—Nonparticulate metal component
- Y10T428/12069—Plural nonparticulate metal components
- Y10T428/12076—Next to each other
- Y10T428/12083—Nonmetal in particulate component
Definitions
- the invention relates to a rubbing seal for a rotary regenerativeheat exchanger and is particularly concerned with a rubbing seal for engagement with a hot face of the matrix of a rotary regenerative heat exchanger for a gas turbine engine.
- An object of this invention is to provide a rubbing seal in which the co-efficients of expansion of the material of the base member and of the actual seal material are substantially the same.
- Another disadvantage of the existing seal is that the seal material contains calcium fluoride, thereby giving rise to a health hazard. Therefore another object of the invention is to avoid the use of calcium fluoride in the rubbing seal material.
- a rubbing seal for engagement with a hot face of a matrix of a rotary regenerative heat exchanger, comprises a ferritic steel base member and a rubbing surface layer including nickel oxide.
- the seal may include an intermediate bonding layer of a nickel aluminum compound.
- a suitable material is available commercially as Metco 405, a material manufactured by Metco Limited.
- the rubbing surface layer may be formed from a powder comprising a mixture of nickel oxide and calcium carbonate, the quantitiy of the latter by weight being not more than percent of the total composition of the powder.
- the powder may comprise a mixture of nickel oxide, metallic nickel and calcium carbonate, the quantity of nickel and clacium carbonate by weight being not more than 25 percent and 10 percent respectively of the total composition of the powder.
- a rubbing seal in accordance with the invention comprises a base member of a ferritic steel, instead of using an austenitic stainless steel as hitherto.
- the ferritic steel base member maybe protected against oxidation by depositing on it a bonding layer of a nickel aluminum compound, for example, that known as Metco 405.
- the deposition of the compound is conveniently efiected by a flame gun.
- a rubbing seal layer is formed on the bonding layer or, where a bonding layer is not required, directly on to the fern'tic steel base member, by depositing with a flame gun a powder containing nickel oxide.
- the powder employed may either be a mixture of nickel oxide and calcium carbonate, the quantity of the latter by weight being not more than 10 percent or a mixture of nickel oxide, metallic nickel and calcium carbonate, the quantities of nickel and calcium carbonate by weight being not more than 25 percent and 10 percent respectively.
- a section through a typical rubbing seal in accordance with the foregoing example is illustrated in the accompanying drawing. Theseal comprises a ferritic steel base member 1 attached, by welding, brazing or otherwise, to a metal bellows 2.
- the bonding layer of the nickel aluminum compound, e.g., Metco 405, is
- the wear rate of the layer formed by flame deposition of nickel oxide and calcium carbonate is similar to that produced from a nickel oxide and calcium fluoride mix, but the wear rate of the alternative mixture of nickel oxide, metallic nickel and calcium carbonate has approximately ten times less wear rate than the known rubbing seal composition using nickel oxide and calcium fluoride. It is believed that the reason for this significant improvement in wear rate lies in the higher density of the deposit resulting from the in situ oxidation of the nickel in the powder mixture.
- the powder mixture has an expansion co-efficient similar to that of the ferritic steel base of approximately 13 X l0 /C.
- the powder mixtures proposed herein are cheaper to produce than mixtures used at present as they do not include calcium fluoride and furthermore the health hazard arising from calcium fluoride is not present.
- a rubbing seal for engagement with a hot face of a matrix of a rotary regenerative heat exchanger comprising a ferritic steel base member and a rubbing surface layer formed from a powder comprising a mixture of nickel oxide, metallic nickel and calcium carbonate, the maximum quantity of nickel and calcium carbonate by weight being 25 percent and 10 percent respectively of the total composition of the powder.
- a seal as claimed in claim 1 in which there is an intermediate bonding layer of a nickel aluminum compound between the base member and the rubbing surface layer.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Sealing Material Composition (AREA)
- Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
Abstract
A rubbing seal for engagement with a hot face of a matrix of a rotary regenerative heat exchanger. The seal comprises a ferritic steel base member, a rubbing surface layer including nickel oxide and an intermediate bonding layer of a nickel aluminum compound between the base member and the rubbing surface layer.
Description
States Patent [1 1 Silverstone et al.
RUBBING SEAL FOR A ROTARY REGENERATIVE HEAT EXCHANGER Inventors: Calvin Eric Silverstone; Alan John Surrall, both of Solihull, England Assignee: Leyland Gas Turbines Limited,
Solihull, England Filed: June 1, 1971 Appl. No.: 148,529
Foreign Application Priority Data June 26, 1970 Great Britain .,3l,069/7() US. Cl ..277/96 R, 106/63, 165/9, 7 277/DIG. 6
Int. Cl. ..Fl6j 15/16 Field of Search ..l65/9; 277/96 R,
277/DIG. 6; 106/39 R, 55, 63
[ 51 May 1, 1973 [56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 3,646,993 3/ l 972 Rice et al. 165/9 3,204,969 9/1965 Williams ...l65/9 X 3,351,]27 l 1/1967 Mendelsohn 165/9 3,633,926 l/l972 Hryniszak et a1. I 65/9 X Primary Examiner-Albert W. Davis, Jr. Attorney-Mawhinney & Mawhinney [5 7] ABSTRACT A rubbing seal for engagement with a hot face of a matrix of a rotary regenerative heat exchanger. The seal comprises a ferritic steel base member, a rubbing surface layer including nickel oxide and an intermediate bonding layer of a nickel aluminum compound between the base member and the rubbing surface layer.
2 Claims, 1 Drawing Figure PATENTEU-WH!175 $730,538
INVENTORS CALVIN Ema SlLvEESTNE JOHN SUZRALL The invention relates to a rubbing seal for a rotary regenerativeheat exchanger and is particularly concerned with a rubbing seal for engagement with a hot face of the matrix of a rotary regenerative heat exchanger for a gas turbine engine.
Existing rubbing seals for engagement with a hot face of the matrix of a rotary regenerative heat exchanger have been formed by depositing a layer containing nickel oxide and calcium flouride on to an austenitic stainless steel base member. Such a seal has suffered from the disadvantage that at high engine operating temperatures, the deposited layer has become detached from the base member. The reason for this is believed to be that there is a difference between the expansion co-efficient of stainless steel and that of nickel oxide, the approximate expansion co-efficient of stainless steel being 18 X l /C and that of nickel oxide being 13 X lO /C. An object of this invention is to provide a rubbing seal in which the co-efficients of expansion of the material of the base member and of the actual seal material are substantially the same.
Another disadvantage of the existing seal is that the seal material contains calcium fluoride, thereby giving rise to a health hazard. Therefore another object of the invention is to avoid the use of calcium fluoride in the rubbing seal material.
According to the invention a rubbing seal, for engagement with a hot face of a matrix of a rotary regenerative heat exchanger, comprises a ferritic steel base member and a rubbing surface layer including nickel oxide.
The seal may include an intermediate bonding layer of a nickel aluminum compound. A suitable material is available commercially as Metco 405, a material manufactured by Metco Limited.
The rubbing surface layer may be formed from a powder comprising a mixture of nickel oxide and calcium carbonate, the quantitiy of the latter by weight being not more than percent of the total composition of the powder. Alternatively the powder may comprise a mixture of nickel oxide, metallic nickel and calcium carbonate, the quantity of nickel and clacium carbonate by weight being not more than 25 percent and 10 percent respectively of the total composition of the powder.
By way of example, a rubbing seal in accordance with the invention comprises a base member of a ferritic steel, instead of using an austenitic stainless steel as hitherto. The ferritic steel base member maybe protected against oxidation by depositing on it a bonding layer of a nickel aluminum compound, for example, that known as Metco 405. The deposition of the compound is conveniently efiected by a flame gun. A rubbing seal layer is formed on the bonding layer or, where a bonding layer is not required, directly on to the fern'tic steel base member, by depositing with a flame gun a powder containing nickel oxide. The powder employed may either be a mixture of nickel oxide and calcium carbonate, the quantity of the latter by weight being not more than 10 percent or a mixture of nickel oxide, metallic nickel and calcium carbonate, the quantities of nickel and calcium carbonate by weight being not more than 25 percent and 10 percent respectively.
A section through a typical rubbing seal in accordance with the foregoing example is illustrated in the accompanying drawing. Theseal comprises a ferritic steel base member 1 attached, by welding, brazing or otherwise, to a metal bellows 2. The bonding layer of the nickel aluminum compound, e.g., Metco 405, is
shown at 3. This, as aforesaid, is conveniently deposited on the base member by using a flame gun. The actual rubbing seal material which is deposited on to the bonding layer 3 by flame deposition is shown at The wear rate of the layer formed by flame deposition of nickel oxide and calcium carbonate is similar to that produced from a nickel oxide and calcium fluoride mix, but the wear rate of the alternative mixture of nickel oxide, metallic nickel and calcium carbonate has approximately ten times less wear rate than the known rubbing seal composition using nickel oxide and calcium fluoride. It is believed that the reason for this significant improvement in wear rate lies in the higher density of the deposit resulting from the in situ oxidation of the nickel in the powder mixture.
In either case the powder mixture has an expansion co-efficient similar to that of the ferritic steel base of approximately 13 X l0 /C.
The powder mixtures proposed herein are cheaper to produce than mixtures used at present as they do not include calcium fluoride and furthermore the health hazard arising from calcium fluoride is not present.
What we claim as our invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is:
l. A rubbing seal for engagement with a hot face of a matrix of a rotary regenerative heat exchanger, the seal comprising a ferritic steel base member and a rubbing surface layer formed from a powder comprising a mixture of nickel oxide, metallic nickel and calcium carbonate, the maximum quantity of nickel and calcium carbonate by weight being 25 percent and 10 percent respectively of the total composition of the powder.
2. A seal as claimed in claim 1 in which there is an intermediate bonding layer of a nickel aluminum compound between the base member and the rubbing surface layer.
Claims (1)
- 2. A seal as claimed in claim 1 in which there is an intermediate bonding layer of a nickel aluminum compound between the base member and the rubbing surface layer.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB3106970 | 1970-06-26 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3730538A true US3730538A (en) | 1973-05-01 |
Family
ID=10317505
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US00148529A Expired - Lifetime US3730538A (en) | 1970-06-26 | 1971-06-01 | Rubbing seal for a rotary regenerative heat exchanger |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3730538A (en) |
JP (1) | JPS4942099B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE2128621A1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB1290657A (en) |
Cited By (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3845545A (en) * | 1971-09-21 | 1974-11-05 | British Leyland Truck & Bus | Method for making regenerative heat-exchanger seals |
US3903959A (en) * | 1972-08-15 | 1975-09-09 | Nissan Motor | Gas turbine engine heat regenerator |
US4042191A (en) * | 1976-05-03 | 1977-08-16 | The Boeing Company | Slot seal for leading edge flap |
US4226429A (en) * | 1977-12-15 | 1980-10-07 | Nissan Motor Company, Limited | Fluid seal for use in rotary regenerator |
US5547768A (en) * | 1995-04-07 | 1996-08-20 | The Babcock & Wilcox Company | Corrosion resistant nickel oxide surface coating |
US6450762B1 (en) * | 2001-01-31 | 2002-09-17 | General Electric Company | Integral aft seal for turbine applications |
US6789605B1 (en) * | 2002-04-08 | 2004-09-14 | Jackie L. Kaser | Sealing element for a regenerative heat exchanger |
US20090145574A1 (en) * | 2007-12-05 | 2009-06-11 | Frank Klisura | Self-adjusting seal for a heat exchanger |
US20110037236A1 (en) * | 2009-08-17 | 2011-02-17 | Paragon Airheater Technologies | Full contact flexible seal assembly for heat exchanger |
US20110036536A1 (en) * | 2009-08-17 | 2011-02-17 | Paragon Airheater Technologies | Full contact flexible seal assembly for heat exchanger |
US20120183911A1 (en) * | 2011-01-18 | 2012-07-19 | General Electric Company | Combustor and a method for repairing a combustor |
US11333446B2 (en) * | 2015-08-18 | 2022-05-17 | Arvos Ljungstrom Llc | Flexible seal for a rotary regenerative preheater |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3204969A (en) * | 1963-04-26 | 1965-09-07 | Williams Res Corp | High pressure dynamic seal |
US3351127A (en) * | 1966-06-20 | 1967-11-07 | Chrysler Corp | Regenerator seal |
US3633926A (en) * | 1968-04-29 | 1972-01-11 | Clarke Chapman Ltd | High-temperature seals |
US3646993A (en) * | 1970-05-18 | 1972-03-07 | Gen Motors Corp | Stabilized nickel oxide seal |
-
1970
- 1970-06-26 GB GB3106970A patent/GB1290657A/en not_active Expired
-
1971
- 1971-06-01 US US00148529A patent/US3730538A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1971-06-09 DE DE19712128621 patent/DE2128621A1/en active Pending
- 1971-06-24 JP JP46045320A patent/JPS4942099B1/ja active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3204969A (en) * | 1963-04-26 | 1965-09-07 | Williams Res Corp | High pressure dynamic seal |
US3351127A (en) * | 1966-06-20 | 1967-11-07 | Chrysler Corp | Regenerator seal |
US3633926A (en) * | 1968-04-29 | 1972-01-11 | Clarke Chapman Ltd | High-temperature seals |
US3646993A (en) * | 1970-05-18 | 1972-03-07 | Gen Motors Corp | Stabilized nickel oxide seal |
Cited By (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3845545A (en) * | 1971-09-21 | 1974-11-05 | British Leyland Truck & Bus | Method for making regenerative heat-exchanger seals |
US3903959A (en) * | 1972-08-15 | 1975-09-09 | Nissan Motor | Gas turbine engine heat regenerator |
US4042191A (en) * | 1976-05-03 | 1977-08-16 | The Boeing Company | Slot seal for leading edge flap |
US4226429A (en) * | 1977-12-15 | 1980-10-07 | Nissan Motor Company, Limited | Fluid seal for use in rotary regenerator |
US5547768A (en) * | 1995-04-07 | 1996-08-20 | The Babcock & Wilcox Company | Corrosion resistant nickel oxide surface coating |
US6450762B1 (en) * | 2001-01-31 | 2002-09-17 | General Electric Company | Integral aft seal for turbine applications |
US7416016B1 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2008-08-26 | Paragon Airheater Technologies, Llc | Sealing element for a regenerative heat exchanger |
US7059386B1 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2006-06-13 | Paragon Preheater Technologies, Llc | Sealing element for a regenerative heat exchanger |
US6789605B1 (en) * | 2002-04-08 | 2004-09-14 | Jackie L. Kaser | Sealing element for a regenerative heat exchanger |
US20090145574A1 (en) * | 2007-12-05 | 2009-06-11 | Frank Klisura | Self-adjusting seal for a heat exchanger |
US20110037236A1 (en) * | 2009-08-17 | 2011-02-17 | Paragon Airheater Technologies | Full contact flexible seal assembly for heat exchanger |
US20110036536A1 (en) * | 2009-08-17 | 2011-02-17 | Paragon Airheater Technologies | Full contact flexible seal assembly for heat exchanger |
US8157266B2 (en) | 2009-08-17 | 2012-04-17 | Paragon Airheater Technologies, Inc. | Full contact flexible seal assembly for heat exchanger |
US8776864B2 (en) | 2009-08-17 | 2014-07-15 | Paragon Airheater Technologies, Inc. | Full contact flexible seal assembly for heat exchanger |
US20120183911A1 (en) * | 2011-01-18 | 2012-07-19 | General Electric Company | Combustor and a method for repairing a combustor |
US11333446B2 (en) * | 2015-08-18 | 2022-05-17 | Arvos Ljungstrom Llc | Flexible seal for a rotary regenerative preheater |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPS4942099B1 (en) | 1974-11-13 |
DE2128621A1 (en) | 1971-12-30 |
GB1290657A (en) | 1972-09-27 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US3730538A (en) | Rubbing seal for a rotary regenerative heat exchanger | |
US4148494A (en) | Rotary labyrinth seal member | |
US5141821A (en) | High temperature mcral(y) composite material containing carbide particle inclusions | |
US2763921A (en) | Corrosion and impact resistant article and method of making same | |
US4402764A (en) | Method for producing abrasion and erosion resistant articles | |
GB1572320A (en) | Gas turbine blade tip alloy | |
US3747944A (en) | Dry lubricated materials, members and systems with boron nitride and graphite | |
US3659861A (en) | Particulate coating for the rubbing seal of a gas turbine regenerator | |
ES484369A1 (en) | Spray powder for producing wear-resistant coatings on surfaces of piston rings or linear seals. | |
GB1432184A (en) | Gas turbine engine heat regenerator | |
US3746352A (en) | Rubbing seal for high temperature ceramics | |
US4093243A (en) | Rubbing contact seal member with low wear coating and metal-containing undercoat | |
GB1467269A (en) | Getter | |
US4478275A (en) | Abrasion resistant heat pipe | |
US3845545A (en) | Method for making regenerative heat-exchanger seals | |
US4971624A (en) | Abrasion and erosion resistant articles | |
US3556744A (en) | Composite metal article having nickel alloy having coats containing chromium and aluminum | |
US3646993A (en) | Stabilized nickel oxide seal | |
Johnson et al. | Friction, wear and corrosion of Laves-hardened nickel alloy hardsurfacing in sodium | |
US3293069A (en) | Coatings for columbium base alloys | |
US3887201A (en) | Rubbing seal material for ceramic heat exchanger | |
US3383206A (en) | Nickel base alloy and article | |
US4714659A (en) | Thermal protective shield | |
US4551396A (en) | Sliding material for seals on rotary regenerative heat exchangers with a ceramic core | |
US3679459A (en) | Bearing member for high temperature applications |