US3730456A - Aircraft with lift engines - Google Patents
Aircraft with lift engines Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3730456A US3730456A US00133964A US3730456DA US3730456A US 3730456 A US3730456 A US 3730456A US 00133964 A US00133964 A US 00133964A US 3730456D A US3730456D A US 3730456DA US 3730456 A US3730456 A US 3730456A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- door
- outboard
- fuselage
- radius rod
- opening
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64C—AEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
- B64C29/00—Aircraft capable of landing or taking-off vertically, e.g. vertical take-off and landing [VTOL] aircraft
- B64C29/0008—Aircraft capable of landing or taking-off vertically, e.g. vertical take-off and landing [VTOL] aircraft having its flight directional axis horizontal when grounded
- B64C29/0041—Aircraft capable of landing or taking-off vertically, e.g. vertical take-off and landing [VTOL] aircraft having its flight directional axis horizontal when grounded the lift during taking-off being created by jet motors
- B64C29/005—Aircraft capable of landing or taking-off vertically, e.g. vertical take-off and landing [VTOL] aircraft having its flight directional axis horizontal when grounded the lift during taking-off being created by jet motors the motors being fixed relative to the fuselage
Definitions
- SHEET 1 OF 2 Inventor ALFRED HRH/UR MORGAN By 3g A army! AIRCRAFT WITH LIFT ENGINES
- This invention relates to VSTOL aircraft with lift engines, for example fan lift engines, and more particularly to the case where the lift engines are disposed in rows in sponsons along opposite sides of the fuselage.
- Such sponsons need upper and lower doors that are closed when the lift engines are not in use but are open when the lift engines are operating to allow intake of air to the engines from above and outflow of the engine effluxes below. It is an object of the invention to provide a sponson door system which gives a good air intake, with turbulence reduced to a minimum. A badly designed door and operating mechanism can cause unacceptable turbulence and drag.
- each door is articulated for folding and comprises an inboard section hinged at a fixed point close to the side of the fuselage and an outboard section hinged on the outer edge of the inboard section, and a radius rod determines the position of the outer edge of the outboard section during opening and closing of the door.
- the effort for opening and closing the door may be applied by means of a piston-and-cylinder unit or jack,
- the radius rod of each upper or intake door may be so arranged that it changes its center of movement during opening or closing, as will be hereinafter discussed, in order to prevent the opening movement of the intake doors from being hindered by the fuselage side wall.
- FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic plan view of aircraft sponson pods housing lift fanengines
- FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic cross sectional elevation on the line 2-2 of FIG. 1.
- the drawings show a civil aircraft fuselage 11 along opposite sides of which are sponsons 12 each containing a fore-and-aft row of eight lift fan engines 13 in two groups of four with a gap between groups at the roots of the wings 14.
- the sponsons project laterally outward, and to a small degree downward, from the bottom regions of the fuselage sides and the lift engines are mounted with their axes generally upright but leaning out to some extent away from the fuselage, matching the degree of downward cant of the sponsons.
- Each inlet door 15 has an inboard section 15a and an outboard section 15b hinged together at an articulation point 16.
- the inner edge ofthe inboard section is hinged on the sponson at 17 close to the fuselage side and when the door opens the inboard section rises about this fixed hinge 17 while the outboard section folds down about the hinge 16, as illustrated at 18.
- This folding takes place under the action of hydraulic (or pneumatic) jacks 19 the cylinder of each of which is carried by a pair of pivotal links 20 connected one to each door section while the jack rod is coupled to the hinge connection 16.
- the underside of each door section is recessed at 21, to accomodate the jack body and the links 20 when the door is fully folded as shown at 22.
- radius rods 23 each pivotally connected at 24 to the outer edge of the outboard section 15b and swinging in a plane transverse to the aircraft fore and aft axis about a pivot point 25 within the sponson.
- Each outlet door 26 similarly consists of an inboard section 26a and an outboard section 26b hinged to one another at 27 and actuated by jacks 28 carried by links 29, the door folding to the position shown at 30 as the inboard section swings down about a hinge connection 31 to the sponson at its inner edge.
- the paths of the sections of the outlet door are controlled by a radius rod 32 pivotally connected to the outer edge of the outboard section 26b at 33 and turning about a pivot point 34 within the sponson.
- each outlet door 26 can be spaced well in from the inboard extremities of the lift engines.
- the outboard door section 2612 can thus move far enough to leave the engine exits clear without having to fold close up to the inboard section 26, and the folded door section lie in a triangular configuration which gives stability to resist flutter.
- each radius rod 23 does not have a fixed center but its center of turn changes during the opening and closing of the intake doors.
- a mechanical lock in the jack 19 is released.
- the initial travel at the articulated joint 16 breaks the outer seal and lock at 24 and the doors 15a and 15b start to lift, the outer edge being controlled by the radius rod 23.
- the pivot 25 at the inner end of the radius rod itself swings on a short depending link 35 about a fixed point 36.
- A- spring strut 37 (which could alternatively by hydraulic or pneumatic) pushes the pivot point 25 of the radius rod so that the radius rod bears on a roller stop 38 during the initial door-opening sequence.
- a small short-stroke lightweight jack will open and close the doors rapidly, which jack occupies the minimum of space in either the open or closed positions.
- the radius rods will fit easily between the lift fan engines, thus enabling the engines to be closely pitched.
- said lower door assembly comprises at least one lower door articulated for folding and having an inboard section hinged at a fixed point near the fuselage and an outboard section hinged on the outer edge of said inboard section, and at least one swinging lower radius rod controlling the opening and closing movement of said lower door which lower radius rod has a lower end pivotally connected to the outboard edge of said outboard section of said lower door and an upper end pivotally connected to the sponson structure at a substantially central region of said structure.
- link member is a short depending swinging link having its upper end pivotally mounted on the sponson structure and its lower end pivotally connected to the lower end of said upper radius rod.
Abstract
Description
Claims (7)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB1780370 | 1970-04-14 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3730456A true US3730456A (en) | 1973-05-01 |
Family
ID=10101501
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US00133964A Expired - Lifetime US3730456A (en) | 1970-04-14 | 1971-04-14 | Aircraft with lift engines |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3730456A (en) |
DE (1) | DE2118786A1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2086055B1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB1337414A (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4832286A (en) * | 1986-10-31 | 1989-05-23 | British Aerospace Public Limited Company | Door arrangements for aircraft |
US9856018B2 (en) * | 2016-01-11 | 2018-01-02 | The Boeing Company | Ducted fan doors for aircraft |
US20190023389A1 (en) * | 2017-07-21 | 2019-01-24 | General Electric Company | Vertical Takeoff and Landing Aircraft |
Citations (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2731222A (en) * | 1952-01-23 | 1956-01-17 | Poeschl Rudolf | Rockers |
US2751636A (en) * | 1955-04-11 | 1956-06-26 | Boeing Co | Plug-type doors for pressurized cabins |
US3037723A (en) * | 1959-08-13 | 1962-06-05 | Rolls Royce | Housings for jet propulsion gas turbine engines |
US3042342A (en) * | 1959-08-24 | 1962-07-03 | Rolls Royce | this invetion concerns improvements in and relating to vertical take-off aircraft |
US3088694A (en) * | 1960-12-29 | 1963-05-07 | Gen Electric | Wing-fan doors |
US3128068A (en) * | 1962-11-09 | 1964-04-07 | Lockheed Aircraft Corp | Petal type door for cargo aircraft |
US3171613A (en) * | 1964-05-15 | 1965-03-02 | Ryan Aeronautical Co | Combined ducted fan door and wing flap |
US3292368A (en) * | 1964-11-05 | 1966-12-20 | Rolls Royce | Aircraft engine assembly |
US3416757A (en) * | 1967-04-04 | 1968-12-17 | Boeing Co | Aircraft door actuator |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB896348A (en) * | 1959-08-13 | 1962-05-16 | Rolls Royce | Improvements in or relating to air intakes for gas turbine engines |
GB926317A (en) * | 1960-10-06 | 1963-05-15 | Rolls Royce | Improvements in or relating to aircraft adapted for vertical take-off and landing |
DE1406381A1 (en) * | 1963-11-26 | 1968-11-28 | Dornier Gmbh | Aircraft with lifting engines |
-
1971
- 1971-04-14 DE DE19712118786 patent/DE2118786A1/en active Pending
- 1971-04-14 FR FR7113071A patent/FR2086055B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1971-04-14 US US00133964A patent/US3730456A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1971-04-19 GB GB1780370A patent/GB1337414A/en not_active Expired
Patent Citations (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2731222A (en) * | 1952-01-23 | 1956-01-17 | Poeschl Rudolf | Rockers |
US2751636A (en) * | 1955-04-11 | 1956-06-26 | Boeing Co | Plug-type doors for pressurized cabins |
US3037723A (en) * | 1959-08-13 | 1962-06-05 | Rolls Royce | Housings for jet propulsion gas turbine engines |
US3042342A (en) * | 1959-08-24 | 1962-07-03 | Rolls Royce | this invetion concerns improvements in and relating to vertical take-off aircraft |
US3088694A (en) * | 1960-12-29 | 1963-05-07 | Gen Electric | Wing-fan doors |
US3128068A (en) * | 1962-11-09 | 1964-04-07 | Lockheed Aircraft Corp | Petal type door for cargo aircraft |
US3171613A (en) * | 1964-05-15 | 1965-03-02 | Ryan Aeronautical Co | Combined ducted fan door and wing flap |
US3292368A (en) * | 1964-11-05 | 1966-12-20 | Rolls Royce | Aircraft engine assembly |
US3416757A (en) * | 1967-04-04 | 1968-12-17 | Boeing Co | Aircraft door actuator |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4832286A (en) * | 1986-10-31 | 1989-05-23 | British Aerospace Public Limited Company | Door arrangements for aircraft |
US9856018B2 (en) * | 2016-01-11 | 2018-01-02 | The Boeing Company | Ducted fan doors for aircraft |
US20190023389A1 (en) * | 2017-07-21 | 2019-01-24 | General Electric Company | Vertical Takeoff and Landing Aircraft |
US10737797B2 (en) * | 2017-07-21 | 2020-08-11 | General Electric Company | Vertical takeoff and landing aircraft |
US11040779B2 (en) * | 2017-07-21 | 2021-06-22 | General Electric Company | Vertical takeoff and landing aircraft |
US11053014B2 (en) * | 2017-07-21 | 2021-07-06 | General Electric Company | Vertical takeoff and landing aircraft |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2086055A1 (en) | 1971-12-31 |
GB1337414A (en) | 1973-11-14 |
DE2118786A1 (en) | 1971-10-28 |
FR2086055B1 (en) | 1975-01-17 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: BRITISH AEROSPACE PUBLIC LIMITED COMPANY, DISTRICT Free format text: CHANGE OF NAME;ASSIGNOR:BRITISH AEROSPACE LIMITED;REEL/FRAME:004080/0820 Effective date: 19820106 Owner name: BRITISH AEROSPACE PUBLIC LIMITED COMPANY Free format text: CHANGE OF NAME;ASSIGNOR:BRITISH AEROSPACE LIMITED;REEL/FRAME:004080/0820 Effective date: 19820106 |
|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: BRITISH AEROSPACE, BROOKLANDS RD., WEYBRIDGE SURRE Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. AS OF APR. 17,1978;ASSIGNOR:HAWKER SIDDELEY AVIATION LIMITED;REEL/FRAME:003953/0751 Effective date: 19811218 Owner name: BRITISH AEROSPACE, ENGLAND Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:HAWKER SIDDELEY AVIATION LIMITED;REEL/FRAME:003953/0751 Effective date: 19811218 |