US372530A - Filter - Google Patents

Description

2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

'(No Mdex.)

W. FRANKLIN.

FILTER.

No. 372,530. Patented Nov. 1, 1887.

Cjrvre/L N. PEYERS. mmuumgnpnu. washing ma (No Model.) -2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

W. FRANKLIN.

FILTER.

No. 372,530. Patented Nov. 1, 1887.

N. PETERS. Pnmumognpmr, wmamm n. c.

IINrrnn STATES i ATENr Fries.

FILTER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 372,530, dated November 1, 1887.

Application filed June 13, 1887. Serial No2/11,182. (No model.)

To @ZZ whom z'x may concern:

Beit known that I, IVILLIAM FRANKLIN, of New Haven, in the county of New Haven and State of Connecticut, have invented anew Improvement in Filters, and I do hereby declare the following, when taken in connection with the accompanying drawings and the letters of reference marked thereon, to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, and which said drawings constitute part of this specification, and represent, in-

Figure l, a vertical central section through the filter, the faucets, for convenience, being shown in the same plane; Fig. 2, an edge view of a single filtering-disk; Fig. 3, a modification in the filter.

This invention relates to an improvement in filters which are adapted for watersupply, and particularly to that class which are ap*h plied at the point of discharge, or where the water is drawn for use, the object of the invention being to construct the tilter so that it will be selfcleansing while in operation and without stopping the ordinary tloiv or discharge, in coiitradistinction to that class of filters which are cleansed by reversing the iilter, so as to cause the water to iiow in the opposite direction through the filter.

A represents the base, through which is a central inlet-passage, B, and with which the supply-pipe C is connected. In the base is a chamber', D, separated from a chamber, E, above by a plate or diaphragm, F. The inlet B opens from the base into the chamber E through the diaphragm F. Around the outer edge ofthe diapragm or partition,between the chambers D and E,is a downward passage, a. This may be in the form of numerous perforations, or may be an annular opening, but so that some portion of the water which passes through the inlet into the chamber E above the partition F may escape through the openings a to the chamber D below. From the chamber D is an outlet, G, preferably provided with a faucet, H, so that the water which escapes from the chamber E downward into the ehamberD may be drawn off through the passage G.

In the chamber E, above the partition F, several metallic disks, I, are arranged, preferably of concavo-convex shape, and corresponding to the upper surface of the partition F,

which presents the convex surface upward. The metallic disks I arc of perforated metal, or made from woven wire, andare p rcfcrably corrugated radially, as seen in Fig. 2, the corrugations dying out at the center. These disks are secured together at the center, but so as to leave free space between the disks. This is best done by interposing small disks or collars between the disks at the center. The disks in diameter correspond to the diameter of the chamber E, and form the rst or preliminary filtration. The convex side of the disks is upward, so that the tendency of the Water may be naturally to tlow toward the wall of the chamber E.

Above the chamber E is a filtering-chamber, J. This Chamber is formed bya cylinder, K, of less external diameter than the internal diameter of the casing L. The casing extends upward from the base. The cylinder K is screwed into the base, so that it may be removable therefrom.

The cylinder K is provided with a diaphram, M, at its lower end, and a similar diaphragm, N, at its upper end, which are perforated or made from woven wire. This chamber is lled with any suitable filtering material, not necessary to be particularly described, as suitable filtering materials are well known.

Above the iilteringchamberJ is a chamber, O. The cylinder K, being ofless diameter than the casing, leaves an annular space or passage, b, between the cylinder K and the casing, and from this passage b passages d in the base lead into an annular chamber, P, in the base, which is outside the chamber D, but separated therefrom. From the chalnber I a passage, R, leads to an outlet or faucet, S, here shown as in the base directly opposite the faucet H.

Vater having passed up through the filtering-disks I, thence through the filtering-chamber J, thence into the chamber C above, may escape therefrom downward through the passage b, around the filtering-chambers .I and E, into the annular space P below, and thence be drawn off through the second faucet S.

In the chamber O, above the first iiltering chamber, is a second series of concavo-convex disks, T, of like construction with the disks I below, butof liner mesh or perforations. These disks correspond to the diameter of the chamber O, and are supported therein. chamber O, above the disks T, an outlet is preferably made through a faucet, U, by which water which has passed through the filteringdisks T may be drawn off, if desirable.

Above the chamber O'is a second chamber, V, filled with'filtering material, which should be of a grade finer than the chamber J below. The casingL extends above the filtering-cham- Y ber, and so as to form a discharge'chamber, NV, which communicates with an outlet-faucet, Y. This completes the construction of they filter. If the faucets below the upper faucet Y be closed, the passage of the water is through the disks I, through the chamber J, thence through the disks T, then through the chamber V, and finally to be drawn of'f through the faucet Y, the filtering being perfected by the different grades of filtering materials, and so that at its final discharge the water is perfectly filtered.

The first filtration is produced by the metal disks I, where the coarser or larger foreign substances will be retained or arrested. The next filter, J, will separate other foreign inatters which may escape the disks I; then the finer disks T come into action and arrest certain portions of the foreign matter which may have escaped t-he filtering materials below; and, finally, the last filteringchamber, Y, removes all foreign matters which may have been in the water. Now, ifin drawing through the faucet G the faucet H be opened, so as to permit -a small escape of the water, the portion of the Water which passes into the chamber E will be permitted to escape downward through the chamber D to the faucet H, and this fdownward flow of the water washes, as it were, the under surfaces of the disks where the foreign substance has been arrested, andY will cause that substance to pass off through the chamber D to the faucet H, and this downward fiow ofthe water from the disks through the outlet G Will keep the disks I thoroughly cleansed from the foreign substances which would otherwise lodge and be retained therein.

The corrugated shape of the disks permits a ready flow of thewater between the disks, and, in fact, directs that flow to the outer edge of the disks, where. the escape of the water is made easy into the discharge-chamber D below.

The flow of water into the chamber E also cleanses the under surface of the diaphragm M ofthefilteringechamber J.V Thus while a flow is permitted from the chamber D the filtering-chamber E is maintained in a thoroughly cleansed condition; but while this cleansing operation is going on water continues to flow through the filter and out through the faucet Y, the amount required for cleansing not materially affecting the fiow of Water through the faucet Y,under au ordinary water-supply. The same cleansing operation in the chamber O is produced by the Water which has passed through the filter J, so that if the escape or faucet S be open the infiow of the water will wash, as it were, the surfaces of the disks T From the and the 'under surface of the filteringchamber V. The product of such washing passes down through the passage b to the outlet It, where it is drawn off through the faucet S. 'This cleansing may,and should,also be in operation when drawing the perfectly-filtered water through the faucet Y. I say should be 1n operation, because being so open it maintains the surfaces of thedisks and filtering-chambers always in a thoroughly cleansed condition,and avoids the passage of the water through the foreign substances,which might otherwise re-` main upon the said surfaces to the detriment of the water.

If at any time water without being filtered. is desired, it may be drawn off through the faucet I-I.v Again, if water which has been partially filtered is desired, then it may be drawn off through the faucet U, which opens g from the chamber O above the disks T.

In some cases the cleansing above the first filtering material may be unnecessary. In that case the faucet S audits communicating chamber and passages will be omitted, as seen in Fig. 8; and if the final purification ofthe water is not desirable the filter-chamber V, as also the disks I,may be omitted, as seen in Fig. 3.

In cases where large quantities of water are to be filtered, as fo'r paper-mills, hotels, brewcries, &c., the filter may be arranged between the main supply-pipe and the distributingpipes. In that case the distributing-pipes will t-ake the place of the faucet Y; and under such arrangement the faucets H and S, if S be used,

should remain open to some extent so as to in` l sure a constant cleansing of the filter, and this is accomplished without interfering with the general supply to the distributingpipes through the filter under ordinary Water-pressures.

A good and desirable result,so far as cleansing the filter is concerned, -Will be attained without the disks I in the chamber E below the filtration-chamber J, as seen in Fig.3. The rush of' water'into the chamber will cause such an agitation of the water as to constantly remove any foreign -substance which would naturally collect upon the under side of' the diaphragm M, and this material will find its escape down into the chamber D, and thence off to waste through the passage G.

I have stated that the filtering-disks may be made from perforated metal or woven wire; but by the term perforated metal I wish to be understood as embracing either, as may be desired. Dy this construction of filter the lter is, if desirable, constantly cleansed While in use, or may be cleansed at any time without return or changing the direction of the water through the filtering-chambers.

I claim-- 1. A filter consisting of a chamber, D, a second chamber, :Efabove said chamber D, but com munieatin g therewith, a water-supply passage opening upward through the partition between the said chambers D and E, an out- IIO let-passage, G, from said chamber D, a iltering-chamber, J, above said chamber E, supplied with filtering material, and an outlet above said iiltering-chamber J, through which water maybe draw n,substantially as described.

2. In a lter, the combination of a chamber, D, a chamber, E, above said chamber D, an inlet-passage openin upward through the bottom of the chamber E, an outlet-passage from said chamber D, a series of metallic perforated disks in said chamber E, and in diameter corresponding to the diameter of the said chamber, an opening through the bottom of the chamber E into the chamber D below, a fiitering-chan1be1',J, above said chamber E, and an outlet above said tilteringchamber J, sub stantially as described.

3. The combination, in a filter, of a chamber, D, a chamber, E, above said chamber D, the upper surface of the bottom of said chamber E presenting aconvcx shape, one or more openings near the outer wall of the said chamber E into the chamber D below, a sup` ply-passage opening upward through the bottom of the chamber E into said chamber, the escape-passage G from the chamber D, a series of concavo convex perforated disks in said chamber E, the convex side up, and a Iilteringchamber, J, above said chamber E, with an outlet above said iilteringchamber J, substantially as described.

4. The combination cfa chamber, D, a chamber, E, above said chamber D, openings through said chamber E down into the chamber D below, an upward water-supply passage through the bottom ofthe said chamber E, and the outlet-passage G vfrom said chamber D, a filtering-chamber, J, above said chamber E, a second filtering-chamber, V, above said chamber J, with the chamber O between the said two filtering-chambers, a second escape-passage, R, with downward passages leading from the chamber, intermediate between the two iiltering-chambers,tosaid escape-passage R, substantially as described.

5. rlhe combination of the chamber D, a chamber, E, above it, a water-inlet passage opening upward into Said chamber E through its bottom, an open passage through the bottom ot' said chamber E into the chamber D below, an escape-passage, G, opening from the said chamber D, ailtering-ehamber, J, above said chamber E, a chamber, O, above said filtering-chamber J, an escape-passage, It, below said chamber O, with openings from the chamber O into said escape-passage R, metallic perforated disks in said chamber O, but above the passage from said chamber to the eseapepassage R, and a draw-ott1 passage above said disks, siibstantially as described.

G. rlhe combination ot` the chamber D, the chamber E above it, a water-supply passage opening into said chamber E throughits bottom, an escape-passage from said chamber E down into the chamber D, an outlet-passage from said chamber D, two iiltering-chambers, J and V, above said chamber E, with a chamber, O, between said filtering-chambers, an escape-passage, R, below said chamber O, with passages leading from said chamber O to said escapepassage R, and the outlet or draw-off above said iilteringchamber V, substantially as described.

XVM. FRANKLN.

iVitnesses:

J oHN E. EARLE, FREDK. C. EARLE.

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