US3721520A - Galvanizing wire - Google Patents
Galvanizing wire Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3721520A US3721520A US00177417A US3721520DA US3721520A US 3721520 A US3721520 A US 3721520A US 00177417 A US00177417 A US 00177417A US 3721520D A US3721520D A US 3721520DA US 3721520 A US3721520 A US 3721520A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- chamber
- wire
- air
- sleeve
- fuel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/52—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for wires; for strips ; for rods of unlimited length
- C21D9/54—Furnaces for treating strips or wire
- C21D9/56—Continuous furnaces for strip or wire
- C21D9/561—Continuous furnaces for strip or wire with a controlled atmosphere or vacuum
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/003—Apparatus
- C23C2/0034—Details related to elements immersed in bath
- C23C2/00342—Moving elements, e.g. pumps or mixers
- C23C2/00344—Means for moving substrates, e.g. immersed rollers or immersed bearings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/003—Apparatus
- C23C2/0035—Means for continuously moving substrate through, into or out of the bath
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/003—Apparatus
- C23C2/0038—Apparatus characterised by the pre-treatment chambers located immediately upstream of the bath or occurring locally before the dipping process
- C23C2/004—Snouts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated, e.g. for coating on selected surface areas
- C23C2/022—Pretreatment of the material to be coated, e.g. for coating on selected surface areas by heating
- C23C2/0224—Two or more thermal pretreatments
Definitions
- ABSTRACT H The invention relates to galvanizing of wire and shows [52] us Cl "432/143 432/8 432 7 the direct heating of the wire in such a manner that it [511 1111.0; ..'....I.1.1..L..TLL.Ii.Ti7E9/2B" s Protected from oxidation Prior to delivery to a [58] Field of Search ..263/3; 266/3 mums [56] References Cited 4 C 3 Drawing figures UNITED STATES PATENTS 3,510,113 5/1970 Wise "263/5 PATENTEDNARZOIEIYS 3,721,520
- the present invention relates to galvanizing and more particularly to a method and apparatus for the continuous galvanizing of a strand such as wire, a web or the like.
- the wire or other strand or web to be galvanized is heated directly in a flame supplied with fuel and air in such a ratio that the wire is cleaned as it is being heated.
- the flame is produced by a novel burner that is built into a tube through which the strand is moved.
- FIG. 1 is a view of the apparatus used in carrying out the method
- FIG. 2 is a section view of one of the heating units
- FIG. 3 is a view taken on line 3-3 of FIG. 2.
- the wire W to be galvanized is moved axially through heating units 1 and 2 into and through a cooling or holding unit 3.
- Unit 3 is provided with a guide roll 4 around which the wire moves through a chute 5 into a galvanizing pot 6.
- This pot is provided with a roll 7 around which the wire travels so that it leaves the pot in a vertical direction to any desired subsequent treatment or to storage.
- the unit 3 is provided with openings 8 and 9 which are aligned with the travel of the wire as it approaches and leaves the roll 4. These openings are normally closed but can be opened to facilitate threading the wire around the roll.
- the heating units 1 and 2 are the same except that they are shown in FIG. 1 as being reversed in direction.
- the construction of these units is shown in FIG. 2.
- Each unit includes a pipe 11 which forms a combustion chamber 12, the ends of which are closed by walls 13 and 14 respectively.
- the wall 13 has an axial opening in it in which is inserted a sleeve 15 forming an entrance for the wire into the chamber, and an exit sleeve 16 is attached around an opening in the other end 14 of the chamber.
- exit sleeve 16 connects with heating unit 2 to form the entrance sleeve there.
- Fuel preferably in the form of a combustible gas, is introduced into sleeve 15 through pipe 17. While one supply pipe 17 may be used, several are shown herein in order to get a more even distribution of fuel around the wire.
- the fuel then flows through sleeve 15 and into the chamber 12.
- This chamber has a shell 18 encircling it to form an annular air space 19.
- Combustion air is introduced into the space 19 at the end opposite the entrance end of the fuel and moves through the space and through openings 22 into combustion chamber 12. Some air passes through openings 23 in sleeve 15 for preliminary mixing with the fuel.
- the inner end of sleeve 15 is provided with a radially extending disc or flange 25 which serves to create turbulence in the incoming air as described below.
- the products of combustion produced by the burning of fuel and air in chamber 12 are discharged through an exhaust pipe 26 which extends from sleeve 16.
- the products of combustion produced in both of the heating units 1 and 2 will flow to the sleeve 16 and be exhausted through the single exhaust pipe 26.
- the wire W is introduced into chamber 12 through a tube 27 which is attached to and extends coaxially of sleeve 15.
- a reducing gas such as hydrogen is introduced into tube 27 through a pipe 28.
- the tube 27 between heating unit 2 and cooling unit 3 also permits the reducing atmosphere from supply pipe 28 to flow into the unit 3, thereby creating an atmosphere that will prevent contamination of the surface of the wire after it has been heated. Additional atmosphere can also be introduced directly into unit 3 and chute 5 if desired.
- the wire is moved continually through units 1, 2, and 3 and into zinc pot 6.
- Gas and air are supplied to the end of units 1 and 2 as shown in FIG. 2, with the construction of the left end of that figure being in effect, a burner which surrounds the wire.
- a small quantity of air flows through the openings 23 to mix with the gas, giving a premix with the final mixture taking place with air flowing through openings 22 around disc 25 to mix with the remainder of the gas and the air exiting from sleeve 15.
- the turbulance created by this construction produces an excellent mixing of the fuel and air so that they will burn in a flame which entirely surrounds the wire, heating the wire to a temperature depending upon the speed and diameter of the wire.
- Air flowing to the burner through annular air space 19 will serve to cool the wall of pipe 11 sufficiently to prevent damage to this wall while, at the same time, the air will be preheated. Air flowing radially inwardly through openings 23 would normally cause oxidation of heated wire by free oxygen. This is prevented by having the wire travel through tube 27 that is supplied with a reducing gas, such as hydrogen. Tube 27 extends beyond the point of complete mixing of the gas and air and into the flame. The hydrogen will also be burned where it leaves tube 27.
- a reducing gas such as hydrogen
- the ratio of the gas and air supplied to the burner will be such that the products of combustion will contain no free oxygen and will have from l-6 percent combustibles.
- the atmosphere will have a reducing effect and will clean an oxide film from its surface. Therefore, the wire, as it is moving through heating heating units 1 and 2, will be cleaned of any coating thereon and this clean surface will be maintained by the atmosphere in unit 3 while the wire is traveling through this unit and through chute 5 into the zinc in pot 6 below the metal line.
- the temperature to which the wire is heated will de pend upon a number of things. In particular, it will depend upon the diameter of the wire and its speed. With a pair of heating units, each of which is 10 feet long, a 12 gage wire can be heated to annealing temperature at a speed of about 90 feet per minute. If the wire is to be moved faster, additional heating units can be placed around the path of the wire to duplicate the arrangement of the heating units shown in FIG. 1. Sometimes it is desirable to anneal the wire immediately prior to the time that it is galvanized in a continuous process. If this is the case the wire will be heated to an annealing temperature of about 1300 F.
- unit 3 From this temperature it must be cooled to about the temperature of the galvanizing pot which is normally 850 F, before it is moved into the pot.
- unit 3 will act as a cooling chamber and may be cooled by having water from a spray 29 flow over it to bring the temperature of the wire down to the desired degree.
- chamber 3 would act as a holding chamber to keep the wire at the proper temperature before it goes into zinc.
- wire has been shown as the material being galvanized since the apparatus is particularly adapted for that material. It will be apparent, however, by a mere change in cross-section shape of the apparatus it could be used for galvanizing a strip.
- the apparatus in its present form can be used for heating a rigid body such as a pipe for galvanizing.
- the equipment can be used for coating wire with other metals, such as aluminum.
- Apparatus for heating a metal strand for galvanizing and the like comprising means forming an elongated cylindrical chamber closed at both ends, means forming openings in said ends through which the strand passes axially into and out of said chamber, means to supply fuel to one of said openings around thestrand, means to supply air to the end of said chamberthrough which fuel is supplied, the air surrounding the fuel, a shell surrounding said chamber and forming an annular space communicating with the means through which air is supplied to the chamber, and means adjacent to the other end of said chamber through which air is supplied to said space.
- the means to supply fuel to the chamber includes a sleeve extending axially through said opening into said chamber, the strand also entering the chamber through said sleeve.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Coating With Molten Metal (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (4)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US17741771A | 1971-09-02 | 1971-09-02 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3721520A true US3721520A (en) | 1973-03-20 |
Family
ID=22648518
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US00177417A Expired - Lifetime US3721520A (en) | 1971-09-02 | 1971-09-02 | Galvanizing wire |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US3721520A (en) |
Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3792684A (en) * | 1973-03-19 | 1974-02-19 | Dolan T | Treatment of continuous lengths of metal by electrical resistive heating |
US3827854A (en) * | 1973-10-26 | 1974-08-06 | W Gildersleeve | Automatic metal protecting apparatus and method |
US4096823A (en) * | 1977-01-27 | 1978-06-27 | University Of Virginia | Apparatus for metallization of fibers |
US4242154A (en) * | 1979-10-03 | 1980-12-30 | Kaiser Steel Corporation | Preheat and cleaning system |
US4255136A (en) * | 1977-04-30 | 1981-03-10 | Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co., Ltd. | Furnace for heat treatment of wire materials |
US6425756B2 (en) * | 2000-06-29 | 2002-07-30 | Peter Ebner | Tower furnace for heat treatment of metal strips |
US20040003774A1 (en) * | 2002-07-03 | 2004-01-08 | Moore B. L. | Continuous galvanizing system |
WO2006046919A1 (en) | 2004-10-29 | 2006-05-04 | Aga Ab | Method and arrangement for heating extended steel products. |
US20110053107A1 (en) * | 2007-08-31 | 2011-03-03 | Siemens Vai Metals Technologies Sas | Method for Operating a Continuous Annealing or Galvanization Line for a Metal Strip |
-
1971
- 1971-09-02 US US00177417A patent/US3721520A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3792684A (en) * | 1973-03-19 | 1974-02-19 | Dolan T | Treatment of continuous lengths of metal by electrical resistive heating |
US3827854A (en) * | 1973-10-26 | 1974-08-06 | W Gildersleeve | Automatic metal protecting apparatus and method |
US4096823A (en) * | 1977-01-27 | 1978-06-27 | University Of Virginia | Apparatus for metallization of fibers |
US4097624A (en) * | 1977-01-27 | 1978-06-27 | University Of Virginia | Method for the metallization of fibers |
US4255136A (en) * | 1977-04-30 | 1981-03-10 | Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co., Ltd. | Furnace for heat treatment of wire materials |
US4242154A (en) * | 1979-10-03 | 1980-12-30 | Kaiser Steel Corporation | Preheat and cleaning system |
US6425756B2 (en) * | 2000-06-29 | 2002-07-30 | Peter Ebner | Tower furnace for heat treatment of metal strips |
US20040003774A1 (en) * | 2002-07-03 | 2004-01-08 | Moore B. L. | Continuous galvanizing system |
WO2006046919A1 (en) | 2004-10-29 | 2006-05-04 | Aga Ab | Method and arrangement for heating extended steel products. |
US20110053107A1 (en) * | 2007-08-31 | 2011-03-03 | Siemens Vai Metals Technologies Sas | Method for Operating a Continuous Annealing or Galvanization Line for a Metal Strip |
US8568137B2 (en) * | 2007-08-31 | 2013-10-29 | Siemens Vai Metals Technologies Sas | Method for operating a continuous annealing or galvanization line for a metal strip |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: FIRST PENNSYLVANIA BANK N A 19TH FL.CENTRE SQ WEST Free format text: SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:SELAS CORPORATION OF AMERICA A CORP OF PA;REEL/FRAME:003997/0981 Effective date: 19820217 |
|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: SELAS CORPORATION OF AMERICA A CORP. OF PA Free format text: RELEASED BY SECURED PARTY;ASSIGNOR:FIRST PENNSYLVANIA BANK N.V., FOR ITSELF AND AS AGENT FOR THE PHILADELPHIA NATIONAL BANK;REEL/FRAME:004096/0520 Effective date: 19821231 |
|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: BANCBOSTON FINANCIAL COMPANY,MASSACHUSETTS Free format text: SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:SELAS CORPORATION OF AMERICA;REEL/FRAME:004557/0143 Effective date: 19860529 Owner name: BANCBOSTON FINANCIAL COMPANY, 100 FEDERAL STREET, Free format text: SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:SELAS CORPORATION OF AMERICA;REEL/FRAME:004557/0143 Effective date: 19860529 |
|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: SELAS CORPORATION OF AMERICA, PENNSYLVANIA Free format text: RELEASED BY SECURED PARTY;ASSIGNOR:BANCBOSTON FINANACIAL COMPANY A MA TRUST;REEL/FRAME:004945/0988 Effective date: 19880805 Owner name: SELAS CORPORATION OF AMERICA, DRESHER, PA 19025 A Free format text: RELEASED BY SECURED PARTY;ASSIGNOR:BANCBOSTON FINANACIAL COMPANY A MA TRUST;REEL/FRAME:004945/0988 Effective date: 19880805 |