US3719204A - Device for pulsating a liquid in a comumn - Google Patents

Device for pulsating a liquid in a comumn Download PDF

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Publication number
US3719204A
US3719204A US3719204DA US3719204A US 3719204 A US3719204 A US 3719204A US 3719204D A US3719204D A US 3719204DA US 3719204 A US3719204 A US 3719204A
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United States
Prior art keywords
liquid
column
source
port
rotary valve
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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English (en)
Inventor
F Fontein
M Ploeg
Linden J Van
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Stamicarbon BV
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Stamicarbon BV
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Priority claimed from NL7104843A external-priority patent/NL166762C/xx
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J19/18—Stationary reactors having moving elements inside
    • B01J19/185—Stationary reactors having moving elements inside of the pulsating type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D11/00—Solvent extraction
    • B01D11/04—Solvent extraction of solutions which are liquid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D11/00—Solvent extraction
    • B01D11/04—Solvent extraction of solutions which are liquid
    • B01D11/0426—Counter-current multistage extraction towers in a vertical or sloping position
    • B01D11/0438—Counter-current multistage extraction towers in a vertical or sloping position comprising vibrating mechanisms, electromagnetic radiations
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B21/00—Common features of fluid actuator systems; Fluid-pressure actuator systems or details thereof, not covered by any other group of this subclass
    • F15B21/12—Fluid oscillators or pulse generators
    • F15B21/125—Fluid oscillators or pulse generators by means of a rotating valve
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
    • B01J2219/00051—Controlling the temperature
    • B01J2219/00074—Controlling the temperature by indirect heating or cooling employing heat exchange fluids
    • B01J2219/00087—Controlling the temperature by indirect heating or cooling employing heat exchange fluids with heat exchange elements outside the reactor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
    • B01J2219/00162—Controlling or regulating processes controlling the pressure
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/8593—Systems
    • Y10T137/85978—With pump
    • Y10T137/86035—Combined with fluid receiver
    • Y10T137/86043—Reserve or surge receiver

Definitions

  • pulsation in the column is shown effected by reciprocation or periodic inflation/deflation of a pulsation inducting device.
  • Such columns may be used, for example, to bring a dispersed liquid phase into contact with another liquid phase, for example, for purposes as extraction or washing of said first dispersed liquid.
  • Other processes may be carried out in such a column, for example, chemical reactions between two liquid phases.
  • Pulsating devices using a pump circuit and a rotary valve as pulsator, whereby the pump circuit is filled with one of the column liquids are known from the British Pat. No. 995,767.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 2,011,186 shows an alternative of the apparatus of the above-mentioned British patent, using a piston-pump in the supply line of one of the liquids.
  • a negative speed of the liquid in a column may be obtained, this negative speed of the liquid is hard to accomplish in a column of large diameter with the piston pump.
  • Columns of a diameter of several meters are under construction now.
  • a piston with very large diameter or a very long and fast stroke would have to be used in connection with a column of such a size, and that is not considered practical.
  • Pulsation is effected in a column of liquid by communicating the liquid to a valve alternatingly connected, through rotation of the valve, to a source of pressure and a source of suction.
  • the column In order to pulsate liquid in a column, the column is connected to both the suction side and the pressure side of a pump, via a rotating valve which alternately connects the pressure side and the suction side of the pump to the column.
  • the valve rotation speed and the pumping force and the flow capacity of the piping between the column and the pump primarily influence the amplitude and frequency of pulsations in the column.
  • More than one valve may be connected to one column and more than one column can be connected to one valve.
  • Preferred valve designs are disclosed, as are preferred fluid circuits incorporating surge tank means.
  • a rotary valve for the pulsation device may consist of a stationary cylindrical casing with two diametrically opposed connections for the pump circuit intermediate the ends of the casing and with a set of column connections near each end of the casing, and of a shaft which is rotatably mounted in the casing, to which shaft is attached a baffle of such a shape that rotation thereof results in the two connections of the pump circuit being alternately brought in liquid communication with the one and with the other column connection.
  • the shaft is subject to an alternative axial load, while the unilateral radial load occurs intermittently.
  • application of the device in the case of a single pulsation column cannot be realized in a simple way.
  • the rotary valve mechanism is made double, the valves close alternately and the one valve is incorporated in the suction line and the other in the delivery line of the pump circuit, a surge tank being installed between each valve and the pump.
  • the alternate closing of the rotary valve of the mechanism can be obtained if the two valves are coupled mechanically and, for instance, rotate around the same axis.
  • the two valves are installed on the same shaft and have a common connection to the pulsation column.
  • this common column connection is placed co-axially with the shaft, the shaft being given a vertical disposition.
  • the valve mechanism may be provided with a vertically positioned, cylindrical casing; the column connection extends coaxially with the casing, which, at the bottom, is sealed by a wall through which a shaft end protrudes on which a valve is installed consisting of two radial wings, provided at their ends with a curved baffle placed concentrically with the casing and extending over approximately and the casing has four openings regularly distributed over the circumference and each extending over an angle of about 45 of the circumference, the opposite openings being connected to, respectively, the delivery side and the suction side of the pump through one or more surge vessels.
  • Each of the openings may be connected to a surge vessel, but the opposite openings may also be connected in pairs to one surge vessel.
  • valves it is not absolutely necessary for the valves to close or open at the same moment; a small leakage stream during this procedure, at the expense of some pump capacity, is allowable, as is, therefore, some deviation of said angles of 135 and 45.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of two pulsation columns with a common pulsation device according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a longitudinal section of a rotary valve for use with the device according to the invention
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-section along the line III-III of FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic representation of a single column with a pulsation device according to the invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic representation of a double valve-mechanism with one pulsation column and two air vessels;
  • FIG. 6 is a longitudinal section in one mode of realizing a rotary valve for use with the device according to FIG. 5, the valve mechanism being opened to two air vessels,
  • FIG. 7 is a cross-section according to section A-A in FIG. 6, the valve mechanism being closed to the air vessels, and
  • FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the lower side of a pulsation column provided with a device according to FIGS.6and 7.
  • FIG. 1 shows two pulsation columns, 1 and 2, which may each be provided for part of their length with a schematically represented packing, 3 and 4. Under and over the packing, there are collecting chambers 5 and 7 for the heavy phase and 6 and 8 for the light phase, respectively.
  • the light phase is introduced at 9 and 11 and discharged at 13 and 15, while the heavy phase is introduced at and 12 and discharged at 14 and 16.
  • Each of the columns, 1 and 2 is in liquid communication with a rotary valve 19 via a connection 17 and 18, respectively.
  • This rotary valve 19 is incorporated in a pump circuit 20 comprising a pump 21, which can be driven by a motor 22, a line 23 between the outlet of the pump 21 and the inlet of valve 19 and a line 24 between the outlet of the valve 19 and the inlet of the pump 21.
  • the rotary valve 19 can be driven by a motor 25.
  • the valve 19 is shown in more detail in FIG. 2.
  • the valve 19 consists of a cylindrical casing 26 shut off on both sides by a flange 27 and 28, the flanges being connected by tie rods 32.
  • a shaft 29 is rotatably supported by bearings.
  • the baffle may have the form of a flat plate with an elliptical outer circumference, which plate is attached obliquely to the shaft 29. This design is shown schematically in FIG. 1 and FIG. 4.
  • FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 A design which is easier to realize from a technical point of view is shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the baffle being composed of two semi-circular plates 35 and 36, which are placed at right angles to the shaft 29 between the connections 33, 30 and 31 on the one hand and the connections 30, 31 and 34 on the other, and two rectangular plates 37 and 38, which on either side of the shaft 29 join up with the plates 35 and 36.
  • each of the two rectangular plates 37 and 38 is provided at the end with a curved baffle 39 and 40, respectively, as a result of which the inlet and outlet holes 30 and 31 are made to close and open gradually, while at the same time short-circuiting of the pump circuit is avoided.
  • shaft and baffle combination represent a rotatable valve plug and could, in instances where desired, to replaced by a more traditionally shaped valve plug having properly spatially disposed ports and port-interconnecting passageways.
  • the operation of the device according to the invention is described with reference to FIG. 1.
  • the two phases move in countercurrent flow through the two columns 1 and 2.
  • the two connecting lines 17 and 18, as well as the valve 19, and the remaining part of the pump circuit 20 are also filled with liquid.
  • this liquid is preferably the heavy phase, but another liquid may be used just as well, provided it is heavier than the heavy phase and not miscible therewith.
  • the pump 21 driven by the motor 22 is started simultaneously with the rotary valve 19, which is driven by the motor 25.
  • valve 19 In the position of the valve 19, shown by acontinuous line in FIG. 1, liquid is forced from the pump circuit 20 through the line 23, the valve 19, and the connection 18 into the column 2, and simultaneously the same quantity of liquid is drawn from the column 1 through the connection 17, the valve 19, and the line 24 into the pump circuit 20.
  • the valve 19 turns through and reaches the position which is shown by a dashed line in FIG. 1, in which position liquid is forced from the pump circuit 20 through the line 23, valve 19 and connection 17 into the column 1, and the same quantity of liquid is drawn from the column 2 through the connection 18, valve 19 and line 24 into the pump circuit 21).
  • the number of revolutions of the valve 19 is a direct measure of the frequency of the pulsations in the columns.
  • the amplitude of the pulsations depends, among others, on the number of revolutions of the valve 19 and the capacity of the pump 21, while the shape of the pulsations is also determined by the shape of the curved baffles 39 and 40 (FIG. 3).
  • the casing 26 of the rotary valve 19 may be provided on the outside with cooling ribs.
  • FIG. 1 two columns are connected to the pump circuit; if only one column is required, one of the columns may be replaced by, for example, an air vessel, e.g., a surge tank, (not shown in this figure).
  • an air vessel e.g., a surge tank
  • 201 represents a pulsation column only the bottom of which is shown.
  • the device for pulsating a liquid in column 201 comprises two rotary valves 202 and 203, two air vessels 204 and 205, and one pump 206, which, in the indicated manner, form the pump circuit which is connected to column 201.
  • the two valves 202 and 203 are so designed that they open and close alternately.
  • valve 203 When valve 203 is opened and valve 202 is closed, liquid flows from air vessel 205 to column 201, resulting in an upward pulsation stroke in column 201.
  • valve 203 closes, valve 202 opens and liquid fiows from column 201 to air vessel 204, bringing about a downward pulsation stroke in column 201.
  • pump 206 continuously displaces liquid in the direction indicated by the arrows, surge vessel 205 will, when valve 203 is closed, be subject to overpressure as compared with column 201, while in surge vessel 204, when valve 202 is closed, there will be a vacuum as compared with column 201. Seeing that the frequency is rather high, for instance 150 pulsations a minute, the liquid level in vessels 204 and 205 fluctuates little.
  • FIGS. 6, 7 and 8 show the lower side of pulsation column 201 which is in liquid communication with the rotary valve through a column connection 222.
  • the valve mechanism comprises a cylindrical casing 224 which is located co-axially with connection 222 and sealed, at the bottom, by a wall 225, through which a shaft end 226 protrudes.
  • the shaft end 226 is supported on bearings outside the casing 224 and can be driven by means of a mechanism located outside the casing, which mechanism is not shown in detail.
  • the shaft end 226 carries a hub 227 connected by means of two radial wings 228, to a cylindrical baffle 229, which baffle is provided with openings 230 in two opposite places, each of the openings extending over an angle of about 45 (FIG. 7).
  • the cylindrical casing 224 is provided with four openings 231, distributed over the circumference, each The opposite openings 231 are connected to the of which also has a span of some 45. As a result of this 6 arrangement two opposite openings 231, open or close simultaneously when the shaft 226 rotates.
  • the opposite air vessels 233 and 234 according to FIG. 8 are connected, at the top, to a pressure-balancing line 242 and 243, respectively (FIG. 8).
  • baffle 244 is installed near the bottom, which baffle, on the one hand, distributes the liquid jet entering the column over the column diameter, and, on the other, prevents particles from falling through connection 222, from column 201 into the valve mechanism.
  • the pump When the installation is in operation the pump is put on stream simultaneously with the drive of valve 223.
  • the pump 241 virtually keeps to the same point of its characteristic and, hence, is liable to optimum dimensioning.
  • the openings 230 and 231 are circular. If desired, they may have a different shape.
  • a device for pulsating liquid in a column comprising:
  • conduit means for communicating the valve means with the liquid in the column
  • conduit means connecting the valve means with the source of suction
  • conduit means connecting the valve means with the source of pressure
  • said rotary valve means having port means and a rotatable plug means provided with port-interconnecting passageway means for alternately communicating the liquid in the column with the source of suction and with the source of pressure as the plug means is rotated;
  • valve comprises a housing including a cylindrical shell, two opposite end plates closing the ends of the cylindrical shell; said ports being provided through said shell; wherein the plug means comprises rotatable shaft means and baffle means mounted on said shaft means for rotation therewith; said baffle means closing off part of the interior of said shell from the remainder of the interior of said shell, said port and said remainder of the interior of said shell constituting said port-interconnecting passageway means.
  • the liquid pulsating device of claim 1 wherein the conduit means communicating the valve with the liquid in the column is exposed to the shell near one end thereof wherein the other two above-mentioned conduit means are exposed to the shell centrally of the shell, and wherein the shell is provided with two angularly spaced ports in registry with the exposure of the two last-mentioned conduit means to the shell; wherein the baffle means is constituted by plate means disposed across the interior of the shell generally centrally thereof so that one said two ports communicates with said part of the interior of the shell on one side of the baffle and the other of said two ports communicates with said remainder of the shell on the opposite side of the baffle.
  • baffle plate means is constituted by an elliptical plate.
  • baffle plate means is constituted by two complementary, radially extending semi-circular plates which are axially displaced from one another with respect to the longitudinal axis of the shaft means; and an axially extending plate connecting between the bases of the two semi-circular plates.
  • baffle plate means is provided with curved plate means adjacent the opposite outer extents thereof for easing transition between communication and non-communication of each side of the interior of the shell with said ports.
  • liquid pulsating device of claim 1 equipped for concurrent use with a second liquid-containing column, by further comprising:
  • conduit means for communicating the valve with the liquid in the second column
  • the rotary valve port means including a further port communicable with said port-interconnecting passageway means for communicating the liquid in the second column with the source of suction while the liquid in the first column is being communicated, by said port-interconnecting passageway means, with the source of pressure, and for communicating the liquid in the second column with the source of pressure while the liquid in the first column is being communicated, by said port-interconnecting passageway means, with the source of suction.
  • liquid pulsating device of claim 7 further including surge tank means interposed in the conduit means for communicating the valve with the liquid in at least one of the columns.
  • liquid pulsating device of claim 1 wherein said conduit means for communicating the valve with the liquid in the column is disposed for connection to the bottom of the column and wherein the device further comprises:
  • conduit means for communicating the valve with the top of the column
  • the rotary valve port means including a further port communicable with said port-interconnecting passageway means for communicating the top of the column with the source of suction while the bottom of the column is being communicated, by said port-interconnecting passageway means, with the source of pressure, and for communicating the top of the column with the source of pressure while the bottom is being communicated, by said port-interconnecting passageway means, with the source of suction.
  • the liquid pulsating device of claim 1 wherein the source of suction and the source of pressure are constituted by the suction and pressure sides, respectively, of a fluid pump.
  • a device for pulsating liquid in a column comprising:
  • conduit means for communicating the first rotary valve means with the liquid in the column and for communicating the second rotary valve means with the liquid in the column;
  • first additional conduit means for communicating the first rotary valve means with the source of suction
  • said first rotary valve means having port means and a rotatable plug means provided with port-interconnecting passageway means for communicating the liquid in the column with the source of suction when the port-interconnecting passageway means is aligned between the port means of said first rotary valve means and for terminating this communication when said port-interconnecting passageway means are not aligned between the port means of said first rotary valve means;
  • said second rotary valve means having port means and a rotatable plug means provided with port-interconnecting passageway means for communicating the liquid in the column with the source of pressure when the port-interconnecting passageway means is aligned between the port means of said second rotary valve means and for terminating this communication when said port-interconnecting passageway means are not aligned between the port means of said second rotary valve means;
  • liquid pulsating device of claim 11 further including:
  • a surge vessel interposed in the second additional conduit means intermediate the second rotary valve means and the source of pressure.
  • conduit means first recited is constituted by a conduit having one end communicated to both plug means and having the other end thereof disposed for connection to the column.
  • a device for pulsating liquid in a column comprising:
  • conduit means for communicating the valve means with the liquid in the column
  • conduit means connecting the valve means with the source of suction
  • conduit means connecting the valve means with the source of pressure
  • said rotary valve means having port means and a rotatable plug means provided with port-interconnecting passageway means for intermittently communicating the liquid in the column with the source of suction and with the source of pressure as the plug means is rotated;
  • Apparatus for treating liquids comprising:
  • a device for pulsating liquid in the column including:
  • conduit means communicating the valve means with the liquid in the column
  • conduit means connecting the valve means with he source of suction
  • conduit means connecting the valve means with the source of pressure
  • said rotary valve means having port means and a rotatable plug means provided with port-interconnecting passageway means alternately communicating the liquid in the column with the source of suction and with the source of pressure as the plug means is rotated;

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
  • Jet Pumps And Other Pumps (AREA)
US3719204D 1970-09-29 1971-09-29 Device for pulsating a liquid in a comumn Expired - Lifetime US3719204A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL7014268A NL7014268A (de) 1970-09-29 1970-09-29
NL7104843A NL166762C (nl) 1971-04-10 1971-04-10 Inrichting voor het doen pulseren van vloeistof in een kolom.

Publications (1)

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US3719204A true US3719204A (en) 1973-03-06

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US3719204D Expired - Lifetime US3719204A (en) 1970-09-29 1971-09-29 Device for pulsating a liquid in a comumn

Country Status (14)

Country Link
US (1) US3719204A (de)
JP (1) JPS5323526B1 (de)
BE (1) BE773169A (de)
CA (1) CA955150A (de)
CH (1) CH563804A5 (de)
CS (1) CS167949B2 (de)
DE (1) DE2148732C2 (de)
ES (1) ES198137Y (de)
FR (1) FR2112990A5 (de)
GB (1) GB1306628A (de)
NL (1) NL7014268A (de)
PL (1) PL77918B1 (de)
SE (1) SE377958B (de)
YU (1) YU35661B (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111075749A (zh) * 2019-12-27 2020-04-28 湖南泛航智能装备有限公司 一种超高速离心风机智能防喘装置

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2418858C2 (de) * 1974-04-19 1986-01-09 geb. Dette Ingrid 3000 Hannover Sieke Verfahren zur Erzeugung linearer oder rotierender Bewegungen mittels hydraulischer Kräfte in hydraulischen Servomotoren und hydraulische Anlage zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
JPS5721207U (de) * 1980-07-11 1982-02-03
CN111659157B (zh) * 2020-06-30 2022-06-24 浙江长城搅拌设备股份有限公司 反萃取旋转阀搅拌装置

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3504686A (en) * 1967-10-09 1970-04-07 Phillips Petroleum Co Fluid blending system
US3636974A (en) * 1970-03-04 1972-01-25 Torit Corp The Evacuator system with shutoff valve
US3653395A (en) * 1971-04-21 1972-04-04 William E Chapman Package pneumatic air-gap pump station

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB956486A (en) * 1961-08-09 1964-04-29 Mcconnel F W Ltd Improvements in or relating to fluid pressure operated reciprocating systems
FR1596236A (de) * 1968-12-20 1970-06-15

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3504686A (en) * 1967-10-09 1970-04-07 Phillips Petroleum Co Fluid blending system
US3636974A (en) * 1970-03-04 1972-01-25 Torit Corp The Evacuator system with shutoff valve
US3653395A (en) * 1971-04-21 1972-04-04 William E Chapman Package pneumatic air-gap pump station

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111075749A (zh) * 2019-12-27 2020-04-28 湖南泛航智能装备有限公司 一种超高速离心风机智能防喘装置
CN111075749B (zh) * 2019-12-27 2022-03-29 湖南泛航智能装备有限公司 一种超高速离心风机智能防喘装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE773169A (fr) 1972-03-28
SE377958B (de) 1975-08-04
DE2148732A1 (de) 1972-03-30
JPS5323526B1 (de) 1978-07-15
ES198137Y (es) 1975-10-16
YU241171A (en) 1980-10-31
CA955150A (en) 1974-09-24
YU35661B (en) 1981-04-30
FR2112990A5 (de) 1972-06-23
CS167949B2 (de) 1976-05-28
CH563804A5 (de) 1975-07-15
ES198137U (es) 1975-06-01
DE2148732C2 (de) 1982-12-23
PL77918B1 (en) 1975-04-30
GB1306628A (en) 1973-02-14
NL7014268A (de) 1972-04-04

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