US3715864A

US3715864A - Smog pulverizing machine

Info

Publication number: US3715864A
Application number: US00143000A
Authority: US
Inventors: E Rushin
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1971-05-13
Filing date: 1971-05-13
Publication date: 1973-02-13
Anticipated expiration: 1990-02-13

Abstract

This invention relates to apparatus for diluting and dispersing smoke from a furnace. It comprises the drawing of smoke from a furnace or other smoke producing apparatus by pumps into mixture with a flow of warm air. The resulting mixture is serially pumped into a first chamber. Float valves relieve this first chamber into a second or high pressure chamber. When these valves are sufficiently pressed downwardly by pressure in the second chamber, solenoid actuated valves in the second chamber are opened to relieve the mixture at relatively high pressure and velocity into the outside atmosphere. The solenoid actuated exit valves are provided with apparatus to remain in a locked open position until the float chambers rise sufficiently to deactuate this locking apparatus.

Description

United States Patent [191 Rushin SMOG PULVERIZING MACHINE [76] Inventor: Eugene Rushin, 3988 Sheridan St.,

Detroit, Mich. 48214 22 Filed: May 13,1971

21 Appl.No.: 143,000

[52] US. Cl. ..55/2l3, 23/2 R, 23/277 C, 55/261, 55/274, 55/326, 55/332, 55/417,

[51] Int. Cl. ..B0ld 50/00 [58] Field of Search ..55/213, 261, 274, 326, 332, 55/417, 433, 439, 461, 473; 23/2 R, 277 C;

111 3,715,864 1 Feb. 13,1973

Primary ExaminerDennis E. Talbert, .lr. Attorney-David A. Maxon 5 7 ABSTRACT This invention relates to apparatus for diluting and dispersing smoke from a furnace. It comprises the drawing of smoke from a furnace or other smoke producing apparatus by pumps into mixture with a flow of warm air. The resulting mixture is serially pumped into a firstchamber. Float valves relieve this first chamber into a second or high pressure chamber. When these valves are sufficiently pressed downwardly by pressure in the second chamber, solenoid actuated valves in the second chamber are opened to relieve the mixture at relatively high pressure and velocity into the outside atmosphere. The solenoid actuated exit valves are provided with apparatus to remain in a locked open position until the float chambers rise sufficiently to deactuate this locking apparatus.

6 Claims, 4 Drawing Figures PATENTEDFEB13 I975 3.715.864

SHEET 20F 3 FIGZ) INVENTOR EUGENE RUSHIN mam ATTORNEY PATENTED FEB 1 3 I973 SHEET 3 OF 3 INVENTOR EUGENE RUSHIN ATTO RNEY SMOG PULVERIZING MACHINE This invention relates generally to dispersal of smoke into the atmosphere from industrial and commercial sources. More specifically, this invention relates to the dispersal of smoke into the atmosphere by diluting the smoke and putting it under pressure, and then relieving into the atmosphere at predetermined conditions of heat, pressure, oxidation, and velocity.

In the art of dispersal of smoke into the atmosphere from industrial and commercial sources, a problem has arisen in air pollution in various forms. One of these problems is the creation of smog. Another of these problems is the concentration of particles dropped from slow moving smoke emanating from chimneys extending into slow moving or still air. It is an object of this invention to improve smoke dispersal by prevention of introduction of smoke into the atmosphere as a slow moving or statis mass.

It is another object of this invention to improve smoke dispersal by high speed pressurized dispersal and dilution of smoke with heat conditioned air.

Still another object of this invention is to provide smoke dispersal apparatus with solenoid actuated valves that need be energized only momentarily, and then retaining the new position of either open or closed without further application of electrical power.

These and other objects of this invention are accomplished by providing a source of smoke, such as a furnace, with conduits leading to the low pressure or suction side of a pump. The smoke is then compressed by the pump and introduced into a pipe of warm air under pressure and moving at a predetermined velocity. Successive stages of introduction of warm air under pressure and subsequent further pressurization by pumps mixing the further diluted smoke and air are provided until the resultant diluted mixture reaches a second chamber. The mixture is relieved from this chamber through a valve having a variably sized aperture. The motors in the pump described in the aforementioned stages of compression and mixing are cooled by the introduction of cool clean air that is segregated from the aforementioned warm air and smoke until the cool clean air has passed through the pump. The cool air cools the engines of the pumps and prevents the smoke or warm air from coming into contact with spark producing elements of the engines or pumps. The mixture is vented from the second chamber through the variably sized apertures of the valves therein to a third chamber. The size of the apertures are varied by the position of a float valve. When pressure in the third chamber reaches a predetermined level, the float valve moves downwardly, the apertures in the variably apertured valves are made smaller, and the mechanical actions of so ensmalling these apertures also actuates an electric solenoid. In response to this electric solenoid, another set of valves relieving the third chamber are opened, and the smoke and warm air mixture in the third chamber is vented to the outside atmosphere under pressure with heat at a predetermined velocity and at a predetermined dilution and oxidation. A flow of hot water is provided to the region of the float valve and the emission valves to keep them from freezing. This hot water is continuously being pumped and kept warm. The flow of hot water is sufficiently spaced from the valves and other parts to prevent condensation. The chambers can be cleaned after closing the float valves and opening the emission valves to vent the last high pressure chamber.

Other objects of this invention will appear on the following description and appended claims, referring to the accompanying drawings forming a part of thi specification.

ON THE DRAWINGS In FIG. 1 there is shown a partial plan view of a portion of the preferred embodiment of this invention;

FIG. 2 shows a partial plan view in schematic form of another part of the preferred embodiment of this invention;

FIG. 3 shows in partial schematic form a plan view of another portion of the preferred embodiment of this invention;

and FIG. 4 shows a preferred embodiment of means for controlling the opening and closing of an emission valve in the preferred embodiment of this invention.

Before'explaining the present invention in detail, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited in its application to the details in construction and arrangement of parts illustrated in the accompanying drawings since the invention is capable of other embodiments and of being practiced or carried out in various ways.

Also, it is to be understood that the phraseology and terminology employed herein are for the purpose of description and not of limitation.

AS SHOWN ON THE DRAWINGS Smoke emanates from an exit grill 10 of a furnace. This smoke passes into a chamber 12. Conduits 14 lead from the chamber to another chamber 16. These conduits 12 are in the form of cylindrical pipes 18 that communicate with ports 20 in chamber 12 and ports 22 in chamber 16. In the preferred embodiment of this invention, four conduits 14 are provided on different sides of the chamber 12. A pump 24 has a low pressure side 26 communicating with the chamber 16. A high pressure or exit portion 28 of the pump 24 communicates with conduits 30. The conduits 30 in turn communicate with a pipe or conduit 32.

A stream of warm, clean air is provided in the conduit 32in the direction of arrow 34. The pressure and rate of flow of the stream of warm air in conduit 32 can be controlled by the valve 36. The conduit 32 communicates with a low pressure side 28 of another pump 40 as seen in FIG. 2.

The high pressure or exit portion 42 of the pump 42 in turn communicates with a conduit member 44. The mixture of warm air and smoke that come through the pipe or conduit 32 and in turn is increased in pressure and velocity by the pump 40 is thus introduced into the conduit 44. Additional flow of warm, clean air is introduced into conduits 46 that are communicating at intervals with the conduit member 44. More specifically, the conduits 46 communicate with the conduit 44 through ports 48. The conduit 44, at its exit portion 46, communicates with a low pressure entry portion 48 of another pump 50. The exit or a high pressure side 52 of this pump in turn communicates with another conduit portion 54. The apparatus shown in FIG. 2 is referred generally by the numeral 56. A number of these structures 56 are provided in serial order so that successive stages of pumping and introduction of additional flows of warm, clean air are provided to further dilute and increase the velocity pressure and oxidation'of the smoke and air mixture.

The last conduit 54 of the serially arranged structures 56 if fed into a baffle portion 58. This baffle portion 58 has portions 60 that are lower than other portions 62 of the baffle. Heavy particles, sparks and other debris that are heavier than gas tend to drop to the bottom portions 60 of the baffle 58. The baffle can be periodically cleaned by opening aperture 64 and removing the debris.

The exit portion 66 communicates with a chamber 68. Exit from the chamber 68 is provided by float valves 70. The float valves 70 ride in enclosures 72. The float valves 70 are free to translate vertically in the enclosures 72. The enclosures 72 communicate with the chamber 68 by means of apertures 74. The enclosure 72 communicates with another chamber 78 by means of aperture 76.

Exit valves 80 are provided on the chamber 78. When open, these exit valves 80 allow a gaseous mixture under pressure in chamber 78 to vent into the outside atmosphere through vents 82.

v A lower lever is hinged on the interior surface of the enclosure 72 below the bottom of the floating valve 70 when this valve is in a normal (shown) or in a relatively upward open position. This lower lever is hinged at a location marked by numeral 84.

Another lever, is located at numeral 86, on the interior of the enclosure 72 above the float valve 70, when that valve is in a normal (shown) or in a relatively closed or lower position.

When the valve 70 is translated vertically to a lower position, due to higher pressure in the upper chamber 78 with respect'to pressure in the lower chamber 68, the lower lever is moved downwardly.

When the upper chamber 78 has a lesser higher pressure with respect to the pressure in lower chamber 68, the float valve 70 moves upwardly, allowing the lower lever to return to a normal position, and forcing the upward lever to move upwardly.

When the lower lever is moved from its normal position downwardly, a solenoid is actuated which opens the exit valves 80. Apparatus to be described hereinafter, holds the exit valve 84 open while the float valve 70 is in the aforementioned downward vertical position.

When the float vavle 70 is in the aforementioned higher vertical position, and the upper lever is moved upwardly, another solenoid is actuated which closes the exit valves 80. Further apparatus to be described hereinafter, holds the exit valve in this closed positionuntil the float valves moved downwardly from the aforementioned upward position.

Cool air is provided into the portion 90 of the pump 24. This portion 90 is segregated from regions in which warm air or smoke circulates.

Hot water is pumped through lines 92. These lines pass near the floating valves 70 and exit valves 80 and are sufficiently separated from aforementioned gases to prevent condensation and yet keep the valves warm and prevent sticking.

In the preferred embodiment of this invention, a pressure gauge 94 communicates with the last high pressure chamber 78, and indicates the amount of gaseous pressure therein. By using the pressure gauge, the

positions

84 and 86 of the lower and upper levers respectively within the enclosures 72 can be calibrated for selective opening and closing of the exit valves 80.

The top portion 94a of the float valves fit into the apertures 76. The surfaces of the portions 94a correspond with the surfaces of the apertures 76 in such a manner that when the float valve 70 is lowered, the space in aperture 76 through which gases can pass is made smaller. Correspondently, when the float valve 70 is raised, the spaces in aperture 76 through which gases can escape is made larger. In this manner, the feeding of gaseous mixtures into the high chamber 78 can be reduced as the pressure within the chamber 78 increases.

FIG. 4 shows the preferred embodiment of the solenoid actuated exit valves and corresponding lock opened and lock closed positions. This apparatus is referred to generally by the numeral 100.

A first solenoid 102 corresponds to a valve opening mechanism and actuates it. The solenoid 102 comprises a coil 104 that is cylindrically shaped. A soft iron member 106 translates in the interior of this cylinder. The soft iron member 106 is fixed to a rod 108. A conical member is fixed to the rod 108. The conical member 110 has a surface that is the male corresponding surface of a female corresponding conical surface in an aperture 112. The rod 108 slidesthrough a cop 1 14. The cap 1 14 is fixed to the wall of the chamber 78. A spring 116 urges the conical male closing member 110 to close within the surface of the aperture 112. A hollow cylinder 118 is fixed to the rod 108. The central axis of the cylinder 118 corresponds with the central axis of the cylindrically shaped rod 108. Thus, the cylindrical can 118, encloses the solenoid and translates in response to the translation of the soft iron member 106. Dog members 120 are fixed to the end of the can 118 opposite from the end of the can that is fixed to the rod 108. A latching member 122 catches the dog as the dog translates towards the latching member 122. Thus, when the solenoid 102 is actuated, the soft iron member 106 translates valve aperture member 110 into a lock open position by latching mechanism 122.

The immediately aforementioned latching mechanism provides the function of allowing only a short excitation of the opening solenoid 104. After this excitation isapplied, because of the movement of the soft iron member 106 due to the excitation of the sole- I noid, and the corresponding translation of the rod 108 and can member 118, the valve aperture 112 is held in an open position, allowing the gases; to exit there through. The valve is held in the open position by the relative separation of the conical member 110 from the corresponding aperture 1 12, until the can member 118 is moved towards closure.

The solenoid 102 is actuated when the lower lever member at position 84 is moved downwardly, thereby closing a switch sending electrical excitation to the solenoid.

When the closed valve 70 moves upwardly to move the upper lever at position 86, a circuit is closed providing excitation to the solenoid 132. The solenoid 134 is then energized, and a soft iron member 136 is caused to translate in a direction towards the aperture 112. The

soft iron member 136 is fixed to a rod 138. It is also fixed to the can member 118. Thus, when the soft iron member 136 is translated due to actuation of the solenoid 132, the can member 118 is moved towards closing the aperture 112 by moving the conical member 110 into contact with its surfaces. During this movement, the dogs 110 are translated away from the latching members 122. Additional dogs are fixed to the cannister 119 to cooperate with other latching mechanism to lock the cannister in place in a closed position after the translation of the soft iron member 136.

Thus, after the second or closing solenoid is actuated, the exit valve 80 remains in a closed position until the first or opening solenoid 102 is actuated.

As in the first solenoid need only be actuated momentarily by electric energy. The valve remains closed due to the additional latching mechanism provided which actuates after translation of the cannister 118 toward closure.

It can be appreciated from the foregoing description that a smog pulverizing machine has been provided which ejects a diluted mixture of smoke and air into the atmosphere under high pressure and velocities. introduction into the atmosphere is assured under these conditions because of a valving arrangement that provides positive opened and closed positions that are secured by latches and need be actuated only by momentary applications of electrical current. The reliability and longlasting characteristics of a solenoid are thus preserved by subjecting them to minimum amounts of excitation. The pressure, oxidation, dilution and velocity of the escaping gaseous mixture can be calibrated and readily controlled by use of the aforementioned apparatus. The prevention of slow moving smoky mixture into the atmosphere is thus prevented. This contributes to the prevention of smog and effects as substantial improvement in smoke abatement and control.

I claim:

1. In smoke dispersal apparatus, the improvements comprising:

means conducting smoke to a first chamber;

a pump communicating with said first chamber and forcing the smoke under pressure and velocity into a first conduit;

means forcing a flow of warm, clean air into said first conduit and mixing with said smoke;

plurality of pumping and mixing means being fed by said first conduit and further increasing the pressure and velocity on said mixture and introducing additional flows of warm, clean air into mixture therewith;

a baffle being fed by said pumping and diluting means;

a second chamber being fed by said baffle;

an enclosure being fed by said second chamber;

a valve floating in said enclosure;

an aperture in said enclosure having an area for allowing gases to pass there through that is responsive to the vertical position of said floating valve;

a third chamber being fed by said aperture;

and an exit valve leading from said third chamber to the atmosphere; whereby the smoke is dlluted; pressurized and ejected into the atmosphere through said exit valves at predetermined conditions of velocity, heat, pressure and oxidation.

2. The apparatus in claim 1 wherein said exit valves are opened and closed by an opening solenoid and closing solenoid respectively; a pair of levers hinged on said enclosure and moved downwardly and upwardly respectively for opening and closing respectively said opening and closing solenoids by complete circuits conducting electrical energy thereto momentarily; and means latching said opening and closing solenoids into an opening and closing position respectively of said exiting valves.

3. The apparatus of claim 1 and means conducting cool, clean air to said pumps and pumping and dispersing means that segregates cool, clean air from said mixture of warm, clean air and smoke.

4. The apparatus of claim 1 and means conducting warm water near said float valve and said exit valve; and means segregating the flow of said warm water from said gases whereby condensation is prevented.

5. The apparatus of claim 2 and means deactuating electrical energy from being conducted to said solenoids.

6. The apparatus of claim 1 and a filter separating solid particles from said mixture in said baffle.

Claims

1. In smoke dispersal apparatus, the improvements comprising: means conducting smoke to a first chamber; a pump communicating with said first chamber and forcing the smoke under pressure and velocity into a first conduit; means forcing a flow of warm, clean air into said first conduit and mixing with said smoke; plurality of pumping and mixing means being fed by said first conduit and further increasing the pressure and velocity on said mixture and introducing additional flows of warm, clean air into mixture therewith; a baffle being fed by said pumping and diluting means; a second chamber being fed by said baffle; an enclosure being fed by said second chamber; a valve floating in said enclosure; an aperture in said enclosure having an area for allowing gases to pass there through that is responsive to the vertical position of said floating valve; a third chamber being fed by said aperture; and an exit valve leading from said third chamber to the atmosphere; whereby the smoke is diluted; pressurized and ejected into the atmosphere through said exit valves at predetermined conditions of velocity, heat, pressure and oxidation.