US3713832A

US3713832A - Solarization type silver halide emulsion containing a halogenated hydroxyphthalein sensitizing dye and a desensitizing compound

Info

Publication number: US3713832A
Application number: US00841717A
Authority: US
Inventors: K Shiba; M Hinata; M Sawahara
Original assignee: Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd
Current assignee: Fujifilm Holdings Corp
Priority date: 1968-07-15
Filing date: 1969-07-15
Publication date: 1973-01-30
Anticipated expiration: 1990-01-30
Also published as: DE1935311B2; DE1935311C3; FR2012998A1; DE1935311A1

Abstract

X1, X2, X3, X4, or X5 can be hydrogen atom or a halogen atom, q can be 1, 2, 3 or 4, M can be a hydrogen atom, an alkali metal, NH4 or an alkaline earth metal, Y represents non-metallic atoms necessary to complete a heterocyclic ring, R can be an alkyl group or a substituted alkyl group, a, b, and r can be 1 or 2, and X represents an anion.

AND AT LEAST ONE DESENSITIZING COMPOUND REPRESENTED BY EITHER OF THE FOLLOWING TWO GENERAL FORMULAS:

A direct positive silver halide photographic emulsion illustrates improved qualities when it contains at least one dye represented by the following general formula:

Description

United States Patent [W1 Shiba et al.

'l l 3,713,832 4 Jan. 30, 1973 SOLARIZATION TYPE SILVER DENSITY I COMPOUND [75] inventors: Keisuke Shiba; Masanao Hinata; Masao Sawahara, all of Kanagawa,

Japan [73] Assignee: Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd., Minami,

A'shigara-shi Kanagawa, Japan I [22] Filed: July 15, 1969 2 11 App1.No.: 841,717

. 30]. Foreign Application Priority Data July 15,1968 Japan ..43/498l5 [52] U.S.Cl; ..96 /101,96/l39,96/64 [51] lnt.Cl......; ..G03c 1/36 [58'] Field of Search. 96/101,6 1, 1'39 [56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 3,501,307 3/1970 lllingsworth ..96/l()l 2,219,667 10/1940 'Szasz ....96/101 2,323,187 6/1943 Arens etal. ..,.96/lO6 2,541,472 2/1951 Kendall et a1. ..96/|0l 11/1962. Hillson ..96/101 Primary Examiner-J. Travis Brown Assistant Examiner-Won H. Louie, .lr. AuorneyS'ughrue, Rothwell, Mion, Zinn & Macpeak [57] ABSTRACT A direct positive silver halide photographic emulsion illustrates improved qualities when it contains at least one dye represented by the following general formula:

and at least one desensitizing compound represented by either of the following two general formulas:

( l)li hydrogen atom. an alkali metal, NH or an alkaline 16 Claims, 2 Drawing Figures PAIENTEBJAN30 197a 3.713.832

FIG]

DENSITY log. E

FIG. 2 (D) DENSITY INVENTORS KEISUKE SHIBA MASANAO HINATA MASAO SAWAHARA BY Ma. KM, M ax-a4. Mafalz ATTORNEYS BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention:

This invention relates to a silver halide photographic emulsion, in particular'to a previously fogged silver halide photographic emulsion used for direct positive materials.

2. Description of the Prior Art:

It is well known that a sensitizing dye can be added to a previously fogged silver halide photographic emulsion capable of directly giving a positive image by exposing and developing, whereby said silver halide emulsion is spectrally sensitized and, consequently, the total sensitivity is raised. It is also well known that the contrast of an image varies with the type of sensitizing dye added to the emulsion and the quantity thereof, even though the total sensitivity of the emulsion is raised.

Generally, by increasing the amount of a sensitizing dye which is added to a' direct positive silver halide photographic emulsion, the total sensitivity thereof is markedly raised, but, in many cases, a satisfactory image is not obtained, mainly due to lowering of the maximum density (D and contrast.

We have made various studies on such problems and have found that a halogen-substituted hydroxyphthalein dye represented by thefollowing general Formula (I) is excellent as a dye capable of raising the total sensitivity while keepinga predetermined maximum density and contrast:

GENERAL FORMULA (I) curve in FIG. 1, if a direct positive photographic em'ul sion showing solarization is given a sufficient amount of exposure, the density eventually ceases and then shows anew upward trend (see C. E. Kenneth Mees; The Theory of the Photographic Process," Revised Edition,

pages 243 and 244, 1942).

This re-reversal, dependent upon the process of preparting the silver halide photographic emulsion, is

particularly large when the emulsion is sensitized with the halogen-substituted hydroxyphthalein dye represented by the foregoing general Formula (I). Ac-

cordingly, it is hard to use this dye in a practical process.

It is the principal object of the invention to provide a direct positive silver halide photographic emulsion having high sensitivity, which has a low minimum density without re-reversal while holding a predetermined maximum density and a high contrast.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides additives to a direct positive silver halide photographic emulsion which provide high sensitivity, low minimum density and a lack of re-reversal while providing a predetermined maximum density and high contrast.

The additives comprise at least one dye represented by the following general Formula (I):

(fax

(N mi in which Y, r and b have the same meaning as in general Formula (ll).

The present invention thus provides a direct positive silver halide photographic emulsion with high sensitivity, low minimum density, no re-reversal and a predetermined maximum density and highcontrast.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIGS. 1 and 2 are plots of density versus light sen- 1 sitivity (log E).

.benzoxazoles,

DETAILEDDESCRlPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The heretofore mentioned object can be accomplished by incorporating a desensitizing compound represented by the, following general Formula (II) or generalFormula (III) in a direct positive silver halide photographic emulsion, sensitized with the halogensubstituted hydrox'yphthalein dye represented by the foregoing general Form ula (I):

GENERAL FORMULA in (NOD; v.

Compound 31-4 n in which Y represents non-metallic atoms necessary for GENERAL FORMULAUII) Compound I-5 Compound 1-6 Compound 1-7 in-which Y, r and b have the same meaning as in. v

General Formula; (II). Examples of the compound represented byGeneral Formula (I) are as follows:

Compound I-l pi 01 I O V l NaO@ U0 COONa Compound 1-2 Compound 1-3 Br 1'31- NaO Compound 1-8 Compound I 9 Compound I'10 Nao' C O ONa Compound 1['7 The dyes represented by the foregoing general For-.

mula(l) are well known and sold.

Examples of the compound represented by General Formula (1]) and (III) are as follows:

Compound II-l S N01 IIzl l v C2H5 Compound 11-2 /S\ N I Cl CzHs Compound 11-3 S\ NO:

c-c1r:cn N

| C1- CzHs Compound II-4 S N02 I /o onou A ()I' Compound 11-5 (Ill-I;

N i N02 l /CCII=CH fir Clla

Compound II-6 Compound II-8 CH3 CH3 /CCH=CHNO 1- i CH3 Compound III-1 S IIIOZ r Here I Compound III2 S The desensitizing compounds represented by the foregoing general Formulas (II) and (III) are wellknown, and are capable of lowering the minimum density (D,,,,,,) of a direct positive silver halide photographic emulsion as disclosed in US. Pat. No. 2,541,472.

lt is surprising that the dye of general Formula (1), according to the invention, has an excellent action for sensitizing a direct positive halide photographic emulsion, since it has either no sensitizing effect on an ordinary negative emulsion or a much lower sensitizing effect than a cyanine sensitizing dye or merocyanine sensitizing dye.

The direct positive silver. halide photographic emulsion, sensitized with the dye represented by the general Formula (I) has such features that the sensitivity is high, the maximum density (D,,,,,,) is not substantially lowered and the contrast is not lowered. However, its re-reversal" and minimum density (D are so high that'it cannot be put to practical use.

Further, when the desensitizing compound represented by the general Formula ,(II) or (III) is added to an ordinary negative photographic emulsion sensitized by a spectral sensitizing dye, the spectral sensitizing action of the'dye fades away, and the whole sensitivity thereof lowers.

It has now been found that the foregoing disadvantage of a'direct positive silver halide photographic emulsion sensitized with the dye represented by the general Formula (I)' can be overcome by the coex- (I) and-the desensitizing compound represented by the general Formula (ll) or (III) are added to an emulsion, preferably in the form of a solution. As suitable sol-' vents, there can be used water, methyl alcohol and ethyl alcohol. g

The amount of the dye represented by general Formula (l) which is added to a silver halide photographic emulsion for direct positives is effectively 10-150 mg., particularly 20-l00 mg per kg of the emulsion, while the amount of the desensitizing compound represented by the general Formula (II) or (Ill) which is added is effectively l0-l50 mg, particularly 20-100 mg per kg of the emulsion, the proportion by weight of the dye compound (l) and desensitizing compound (ll) or (III) being preferably l:l0 to 10:1.

Illustrative of the silver halides of the invention are silver chloride, silver bromide, silver chlorobromide,

silver chloroiodide, silver iodobromide and silver chloroiodobromide.

The silver halide photographic emulsion for direct positives used in the invention is fogged to a maximum density by light or by the addition ofa chemical fogging agent.wSuch a chemical fogging agent must fog silver halide without affecting the emulsion. Thiourea dioxide, st'annous chloride, formaldehyde or hydrazine are usually used'as a chemical fogging agent.

After the fogging operation, a solution of thedye represented by the general Formula (I) and a-solution of the .desensitizing compound represented by general" Formula (ll) or (lll) are added to the-emulsion (with adequate agitation), and the emulsion is then-coated.

trate the invention in detail without limiting the same.

EXAMPLE '1 v A silver chloroiodide (iodide 1.3 mol percent, chloride 98.7 mol percent) emulsion was fogged with hydrazinedihydrochloride and, its pH and pAg were respectively adjusted to 5.6 and 6.7. To the emulsion were added, while stirring adequately,v the dye represented by the general Formula (I) 'and'then the. desensitizing compound represented by the general Formula (II). The emulsion was thencoatedonto acellulose triacetate base. 'For'comparison, only the dye of general. Formula .(l) was added to the emulsion and coated onto a base. After drying, the resulting photographic materials were exposed by means of a sensitometer through a stepwedge.

The thusexpos'e d materials were developed with a developing solution having the following composition.

Formula of developer Metol 4 1 Hydroquinone. 1 Anhydrous sodium sulfite 6 Anhydrous sodium carbonate 2 Water to 1,000 ml.

A direct positive image, after being developed, was

fixed with a fixing solution containing sodium thiosulfate, washed with water and dried. Measurement of the'opti'cal density was carried out by the use of a densitometer. The results are tabulated below.

TABLE! Compound Compound of 7 l6( ll-6(1l8mg) 1.43 2.3 0.10 8 l-l2(73.5mg) 0.87 2.3 0.11 9 l-l2( ll-6(59.0mg) 1.39 2.3 0.07 1.44 2.3 0.07

The re-reversal" effect is shown in FIG. 2 in which the nurnerals 2, 3 and 4 correspond to Test Numbers in Table 1. It is evident therefrom that the re-reversal is lowered by adding the desensitizing compound representedby'general Formula (11) or (III).

EXAMPLE 2 A silver chloroiodobromide (bromide 2.4 mol percent, iodide 1.3 mol percent, chloride 96.3 mole percent) emulsion was fogged with hydrazine dihydrochloride, and its pH and pAg were adjusted to 5.6 and 6.7, respectively. To the emulsion were added the dye represented by the general Formula (I), while stirring adequately,-and then the desensitizing compound represented by the general Formula (ll) or (III), while stirring adequately. The emulsion was then applied to a cellulose triacetate base. For comparison, only the'dye represented by general Formula (I) was added to the foregoing fogged emulsion and coated onto a base. After drying, 'the resulting photographic materials were exposed and developed in the same manner to Example 1, thereby obtaining the results shown in Table 2 TABLE 2 Compound Compound general general White v formula 1- formula II Sensi- Test (mg/kg (mg/kg tivity Max. 1 Min. No. emuls.) emuls.) (log E) density density 1 2.2 0.06 2 1-10(125mg) 0.08, 2.1 0.14 3 l10() ll3(55mg). 0.38 2.0 0.08 4 1 10C) 1l3(110mg) 0.77 2.0 0.07 S 1-6(1 10mg) 0.73 2.1 0.32 6 -l6( 11-4(55mg) 1.14 2.1 0.15 7 l-6( ll4(l10mg) 1.34 2.0 0.11 8 112(37mg) 0.65 2.2 0.09 9 Il2( ll-5(54mg) 1.20 2.1 0.07 10 [-12( ll-5( 108mg) 1.25 2.1 0.07

We claim:

1. A direct positive silver halide photographic emulsion which has been previously fogged to maximum' density containing at least one dye represented by the following general Formula (1.):

in which X,, X X X and X represent, respectively, a .member selected from the group consisting of, hydrogen atoms or halogen atoms, q represents 1, 2, 3

group consisting of a'hydrogen atom, an alkali metal,

Formula (11).

' Formula I] or III is from 1:10 to :1.

or 4, and M represents a member selected from the NH or an alkaline earth metal; and at least one desensitizing compound represented by the following general Formula (ll): 5

I --Y (N 2)h in which Y, r and b have the same meaning as in general 2. The direct positive silver halide photographic emulsion claimed in claim 1, wherein the halogen atoms in X,, X X X and X of the general Formula (I) are selected from the group consisting of chlorine, bromine and iodine.

3. The direct positive silver halide photographic emulsion claimed in claim 1, wherein said heterocyclic rings containing Y in general Formula 11 are selected from the group consisting of thiazolines, thiazoles, benzothiazoles, naphthothiazoles, oxazoles, benzoxazoles, naphthoxazoles, benzoselenazoles, naphthoselenaz'oles, benzimidazoles, 2-quinolines, 4- quinolines and indolenines.

4. The direct positive silver halide photographic emulsion claimed in claim 1, wherein said alkyl group in R of the general Formula [I is a methyl or ethyl group.

5. The direct positive silver halide photographic emulsion claimed in claim 1, wherein said substituted alkyl group in R of the general Formula II is selected from the group consisting of 2-hydroxyethyl, Z-methoxyethyl, carboxymethyl, 2-carboxyethyl, 2- sulfoethy, 3- sulfopropyl or carboetho xymethyl group.

6. The direct positive silver halide photographic emulsion claimed in claim 1, wherein the proportion, by weight, of said dye represented by general formula I to said desensitizing compound represented by general 7. The process which comprises coating am emulsion as recited in claim 1 onto a support and thereafter imagewise exposing said emulsion; and developing said exposed emulsion to form a silver image in the unexposed areas of the emulsion.

' 8Q The direct positive silver halide photographic emulsionof claim 1 wherein said dye represented by general Formula 1 is present in an amount of from 10 to 150 mg/Kg ofemulsion.

9.' The direct positive silver halide photographic emulsion'of claim 1, wherein said dye represented by general Formula I is present in an amount of from 20 to 100 mg/Kg ofemulsion.

10. The direct positive silver halide photographic emulsion of claim 1, whereinsaid dye represented by general Formula] is a member selected from the group consisting of and 11. The direct positive silver halide photographic f emulsion of claim 1, wherein said desensitizing compound represented by general Formula II is a member b JIM):

CrHs Cl" S\ No: W

AH: C

12. The direct positive silver halide photographic emulsion of claim 1, wherein said desensitizing compound represented by general Formula [II is a member selected from the group consisting of and 13. The process of claim 7, wherein said dye is present in an amount of from 10 toi150 mg/Kg of emulsion. 1

14. The process of claim 7, wherein said dye is present in an amount of from 20 to mg/Kg of emulsion.

15 The process of claim 7, wherein the proportion, by-weight, of said dye to said compounds is withinthe rangeoffrom lzlOto 10:1.

l6.'- A direct positive silver halide photographic emulsion when has been previously fogged to maximum density containing a. at least one dye selected from the group consisting 1 I'll lllr O o fi o 5 -000Na 01 -COONa and - Br Br I v NMFK @40 b. at least one desensmzmg compound selected from I b '55 the group consisting of I \OCH=CH H. In m V I N 'zHs 1" N0 /S i f l C-OH CH 7 CH3 1 CZH5 I and 1c. at least one desensitizing compound selected from the group consisting of

Claims

1. A direct positive silver halide photographic emulsion which has been previously fogged to maximum density containing at least one dye represented by the following general Formula (I):

2. The direct positive silver halide photographic emulsion claimed in claim 1, wherein the halogen atoms in X1, X2, X3, X4 and X5 of the general Formula (I) are selected from the group consisting of chlorine, bromine and iodine.

3. The direct positive silver halide photographic emulsion claimed in claim 1, wherein said heterocyclic rings containing Y in general Formula II are selected from the group consisting of thiazolines, thiazoles, benzothiazoles, naphthothiazoles, oxazoles, benzoxazoles, naphthoxazoles, benzoselenazoles, naphthoselenazoles, benzimidazoles, 2-quinolines, 4-quinolines and indolenines.

4. The direct positive silver halide photographic emulsion claimed in claim 1, wherein said alkyl group in R of the general Formula II is a methyl or ethyl group.

5. The direct positive silver halide photographic emulsion claimed in claim 1, wherein said substituted alkyl group in R of the general Formula II is selected from the group consisting of 2-hydroxyethyl, 2-methoxyethyl, carboxymethyl, 2-carboxyethyl, 2-sulfoethy, 3-sulfopropyl or carboethoxymethyl group.

6. The direct positive silver halide photographic emulsion claimed in claim 1, wherein the proportion, by weight, of said dye represented by general formula I to said desensitizing compound represented by general Formula II or III is from 1:10 to 10:1.

7. The process which comprises coating am emulsion as recited in claim 1 onto a support and thereafter imagewise exposing said emulsion; and developing said exposed emulsion to form a silver image in the unexposed areas of the emulsion.

8. The direct positive silver halide photographic emulsion of claim 1, wherein said dye represented by general Formula I is present in an amount of from 10 to 150 mg/Kg of emulsion.

9. The direct positive silver halide photographic emulsion of claim 1, wherein said dye represented by general Formula I is present in an amount of from 20 to 100 mg/Kg of emulsion.

10. The direct positive silver halide photographic emulsion of claim 1, wherein said dye represented by general Formula I is a member selected from the group Consisting of

11. The direct positive silver halide photographic emulsion of claim 1, wherein said desensitizing compound represented by general Formula II is a member selected from the group consisting of

12. The direct positive silver halide photographic emulsion of claim 1, wherein said desensitizing compound represented by general Formula III is a member selected from the group consisting of

13. The process of claim 7, wherein said dye is present in an amount of from 10 to 150 mg/Kg of emulsion.

14. The process of claim 7, wherein said dye is present in an amount of from 20 to 100 mg/Kg of emulsion.

15. The process of claim 7, wherein the proportion, by weight, of said dye to said compounds is within the range of from 1:10 to 10:1.