US3713383A - Dispersal technique for cw bw agents - Google Patents

Dispersal technique for cw bw agents Download PDF

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Publication number
US3713383A
US3713383A US00551842A US3713383DA US3713383A US 3713383 A US3713383 A US 3713383A US 00551842 A US00551842 A US 00551842A US 3713383D A US3713383D A US 3713383DA US 3713383 A US3713383 A US 3713383A
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Prior art keywords
agent
tube
canister
burster
shock wave
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Expired - Lifetime
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US00551842A
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A Wiebke
F Crescenzo
W Gey
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US Department of Navy
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US Department of Navy
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/36—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information
    • F42B12/46—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information for dispensing gases, vapours, powders or chemically-reactive substances
    • F42B12/50—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information for dispensing gases, vapours, powders or chemically-reactive substances by dispersion

Definitions

  • This invention relates to biological and chemical (BW/CW) warfare and more particularly to improvements in apparatus and method for dispersing, from a locus, chemical substances to targets such as personnel, disposed in the vicinity of the dispersing locus.
  • BW/CW biological and chemical
  • One of the objects of this invention is to deliver toxic or other chemical agents to greater distances from a dispersing locus and in particle sizes substantially greater than heretofore.
  • Another object is to provide apparatus which, through selection of design of its component parts, may be varied to control particle size and distance of propagation of the particles.
  • FIG. 1 is a side elevation of a dispensing canister, forming the subject of the invention
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged section taken on line 2-2, FIG.
  • FIG. 3 is an enlarged section taken on line 3-3, FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 4 is a representative detail, such as adjacent arrow 4, FIG. 2.
  • the subject of the invention comprises, in general, a canister 10, containing a chemical agent 12, and a central burster 14, all of which are somewhat analogous to the corresponding parts in the patent to Bowen, previously referred to.
  • the canister comprised a commercially available tin can about 7 inches long and 3 :2 inches in diameter having the conventional longitudinally crimped seam and crimped lids or ends, all with a thickness of 0.010 inches. This was found unsatisfactory due to premature failure of the longitudinal seam.
  • the construction shown was substituted, this comprising a seamless aluminum tube 16 having a wall thickness of 0.031 inches, except at the ends, where it is reduced in thickness to 0.010, inches as best illustrated in FIG. 4, and conventional tin can lids 18, 18a crimped to the same in conventional manner.
  • longitudinal weakening grooves 20 are rolled into the wall to a depth of 0.009 inches with a 90 rolling tool.
  • Burster 14 comprises a seamless aluminum tube 22, it inches in diameter of 0.035 inches wall thickness having a pair of diametrically opposed 60 weakening grooves 24 scribed longitudinally into its outer surface and along its length to a depth of 0.015 inches.
  • One end of the tube is cemented to a phenolic resin disk 26, which in turn, may be cemented to lid 18a.
  • An aluminum plug 28 is welded in one end of the tube and an epoxy filler 30 is disposed adjacent the plug.
  • Five grams of HERCULES UNIQUE or DUPONT No. 6 pistol powder 32 are disposed adjacent the filler, having an electric squib 34 embedded in the same with suitable lead wires 36 for initiating the squib.
  • Tissue paper or foam material 38 is disposed adjacent the power and the other end of the tube is closed by a plug 40 formed of epoxy material, containing steel power.
  • Chemical agent 12 is in the form of a liquid which has been thickened by a thickening agent, such as polymethyl methacrylate or polyisobutyl methacrylate, to a viscosity of 10,000 to 100,000 centipoise, the latter being of a sticky consistency analogous to honey.
  • a thickening agent such as polymethyl methacrylate or polyisobutyl methacrylate
  • the device may be delivered to a desired location in the form of a planted booby trap or by dropping form aircraft in which case it would preferably be contained in, or be formed as an air stabilized missile which would deliver it to a target area with the longitudinal axis of the canister nearly vertical to thus produce maximum spread or dispersion in all radial directions.
  • a proximity or impact fuze (not shown) may be employed, depending upon the desired position of initiation.
  • the propellant Upon initiation, the propellant produces gas under pressure of the order of 10,000 psi as compared to 1,000,000 to 2,000,000 psi of high explosives of the prior art.
  • the inner burster tube ruptures along its weakened sections allowing the pressure to be applied to the thickened liquid, which in turn, ruptures the canister along its weakened sections.
  • the material is dispersed mainly in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the canister in all radial directions and in generally spherical particle sizes which may vary from the order of H10 cc to 1 cc which are, as will be apparent, materially larger than the spray or mist particles which are dispersed by high explosives with their attendant shock waves.
  • Apparatus for dispensing a BW-CW agent comprising;
  • a cylindrical seamless metal canister tube having reduced wall thickness at its opposite ends
  • said agent being in gel form and thickened by a thickening agent to a viscosity between 10,000 and 100,000 centipoise
  • said burster tube containing an explosive propellant of a type and in a quantity that when initiated

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Containers And Packaging Bodies Having A Special Means To Remove Contents (AREA)

Abstract

Dispensing canister for BW-CW agents characterized by the agent being in gel form of certain viscosity and a central burster tube containing a propellant for producing pressure of relatively low order, to effect dispersal of the gel into relatively large particles.

Description

Umted States Patent 11 1 1111 3,713,383 Crescenzo et al. 1 1 Jan. 30, 1973 [54] DISPERSAL TECHNIQUE FOR CW/BW [56] References Cited AGENTS UNITED STATES PATENTS [75] Inventors: Frank G. Crescenzo; William A.
3,354,829 11/1967 NlChOlS ..102/90 S i 5??? of Chma 1,276,082 8/l9l8 Kuhn ,.....-..102 67 a 1,417,475 5/1922 Weeke ..102/66 2,294,415 9/1942 McBride ..102/65 [73] Ass'gnee' The Umted America as 2,787,217 4/1957 Mahaffie ..l02/6 by 3 143 070 8/1964 Bowen ....l02/66 Navy 3.207.071 9/1965 Le Tourneau ..102/6 [22] Filed: May 16,1966
Primary Examiner-Samuel W. Engle [211 PP 551,842 Attorney-G. J. Rubens, R. Miller and v. c. Muller [52] US. Cl ..l02/6, l02/90 [57] ABSTRACT [51} Int. Cl ..F42b 25/12 Dispensing canister for BW-CW agents characterized [58] 1 1610 of Search ..l02/6, 39, 65, 66, 90, 92, y the agent being in g form of certain viscosity and 02 7 a central burster tube containing a'propellant for producing pressure of relatively low order, to effect dispersal of the gel into relatively large particles.
3 Claims, 4 Drawing Figures DISPERSAL TECHNIQUE FOR CW/BW AGENTS The invention described herein may be manufactured and used by or' for the Government of the United States of America for governmental purposes without the payment of any royalties thereon or therefor.
This invention relates to biological and chemical (BW/CW) warfare and more particularly to improvements in apparatus and method for dispersing, from a locus, chemical substances to targets such as personnel, disposed in the vicinity of the dispersing locus.
In the prior art, such as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,143,070 to Bowen, it has been proposed to disseminate chemical substances by a high explosive booster charge located within a frangible container of liquid. While this represents an improvement over former spray systems which were bulky, complicated, and dangerous to the operator, it does not produce optimum results since the shock wave of a high explosive divides the liquid into such extremely small particles, such as a spray, that the individual particles cannot be projected to optimum distances due to their high air drag.
One of the objects of this invention is to deliver toxic or other chemical agents to greater distances from a dispersing locus and in particle sizes substantially greater than heretofore.
Another object is to provide apparatus which, through selection of design of its component parts, may be varied to control particle size and distance of propagation of the particles.
Still further objects, advantages and salient features will become more apparent from a consideration of the description to follow, the appended claims, and the accompanying drawing, in which:
FIG. 1 is a side elevation of a dispensing canister, forming the subject of the invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged section taken on line 2-2, FIG.
FIG. 3 is an enlarged section taken on line 3-3, FIG. 1; and
FIG. 4 is a representative detail, such as adjacent arrow 4, FIG. 2.
Referring now to the drawing, and particularly FIG. 2, the subject of the invention comprises, in general, a canister 10, containing a chemical agent 12, and a central burster 14, all of which are somewhat analogous to the corresponding parts in the patent to Bowen, previously referred to.
In a developmental version of the invention (not shown) the canister comprised a commercially available tin can about 7 inches long and 3 :2 inches in diameter having the conventional longitudinally crimped seam and crimped lids or ends, all with a thickness of 0.010 inches. This was found unsatisfactory due to premature failure of the longitudinal seam. The construction shown was substituted, this comprising a seamless aluminum tube 16 having a wall thickness of 0.031 inches, except at the ends, where it is reduced in thickness to 0.010, inches as best illustrated in FIG. 4, and conventional tin can lids 18, 18a crimped to the same in conventional manner. For equiangularly-spaced longitudinal weakening grooves 20 are rolled into the wall to a depth of 0.009 inches with a 90 rolling tool.
Burster 14 comprises a seamless aluminum tube 22, it inches in diameter of 0.035 inches wall thickness having a pair of diametrically opposed 60 weakening grooves 24 scribed longitudinally into its outer surface and along its length to a depth of 0.015 inches. One end of the tube is cemented to a phenolic resin disk 26, which in turn, may be cemented to lid 18a. An aluminum plug 28 is welded in one end of the tube and an epoxy filler 30 is disposed adjacent the plug. Five grams of HERCULES UNIQUE or DUPONT No. 6 pistol powder 32 are disposed adjacent the filler, having an electric squib 34 embedded in the same with suitable lead wires 36 for initiating the squib. Tissue paper or foam material 38 is disposed adjacent the power and the other end of the tube is closed by a plug 40 formed of epoxy material, containing steel power.
Chemical agent 12 is in the form of a liquid which has been thickened by a thickening agent, such as polymethyl methacrylate or polyisobutyl methacrylate, to a viscosity of 10,000 to 100,000 centipoise, the latter being of a sticky consistency analogous to honey.
The device may be delivered to a desired location in the form of a planted booby trap or by dropping form aircraft in which case it would preferably be contained in, or be formed as an air stabilized missile which would deliver it to a target area with the longitudinal axis of the canister nearly vertical to thus produce maximum spread or dispersion in all radial directions. A proximity or impact fuze (not shown) may be employed, depending upon the desired position of initiation.
Upon initiation, the propellant produces gas under pressure of the order of 10,000 psi as compared to 1,000,000 to 2,000,000 psi of high explosives of the prior art. The inner burster tube ruptures along its weakened sections allowing the pressure to be applied to the thickened liquid, which in turn, ruptures the canister along its weakened sections. The material is dispersed mainly in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the canister in all radial directions and in generally spherical particle sizes which may vary from the order of H10 cc to 1 cc which are, as will be apparent, materially larger than the spray or mist particles which are dispersed by high explosives with their attendant shock waves.
Obviously many modifications and variations of the present invention are possible in the light of the above teachings. It is therefore to be understood that within the scope of the appended claims the invention may be practiced otherwise than as specifically described.
What is claimed is: y
1. Apparatus for dispensing a BW-CW agent, comprising;
a. A cylindrical seamless metal canister tube having reduced wall thickness at its opposite ends,
b. A commercially flat tin can lid secured to each of the reduced end portions with a conventional tin can crimp,
c. A centrally disposed cylindrical burster tending between said lids,
d. The annular space between the canister and burster tube being filled with a BW-CW agent,
e. said agent being in gel form and thickened by a thickening agent to a viscosity between 10,000 and 100,000 centipoise,
f. said burster tube containing an explosive propellant of a type and in a quantity that when initiated,
it produces pressure within the container of low tube exwith a plurality of angularly spaced longitudinally extending weakening grooves in their outer surfaces.
3. Apparatus in accordance with claim 1 wherein said pressure is of the order of 10,000 psi as compared to 1,000,000 to 2,000,000 psi, attendant with a high explosive shock wave.

Claims (2)

1. Apparatus for dispensing a BW-CW agent, comprising; a. A cylindrical seamless metal canister tube having reduced wall thickness at its opposite ends, b. A commercially flat tin can lid secured to each of the reduced end portions with a conventional tin can crimp, c. A centrally disposed cylindrical burster tube extending between said lids, d. The annular space between the canister and burster tube being filled with a BW-CW agent, e. said agent being in gel form and thickened by a thickening agent to a viscosity between 10,000 and 100,000 centipoise, f. said burster tube containing an explosive propellant of a type and in a quantity that when initiated, it produces pressure within the container of low order and considerably below the pressure attendant with a high explosive shock wave, to effect rupture of the canister and dispersion of the agent in relatively large particles considerably larger than would be dispersed by an attendant shock wave.
2. Apparatus in accordance with claim 1 wherein said canister tube and burster tube are each provided with a plurality of angularly spaCed longitudinally extending weakening grooves in their outer surfaces.
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Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3992995A (en) * 1975-09-04 1976-11-23 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force Speed controlled second event launcher
US3999482A (en) * 1975-07-09 1976-12-28 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force High explosive launcher system
US4002121A (en) * 1974-08-03 1977-01-11 Rheinmetall G.M.B.H. Incendiary payload for a heavy-duty ballistic projectile
US4043268A (en) * 1975-06-07 1977-08-23 Rheinmetall Gmbh Container construction for an ejectable ballistic payload
US4976202A (en) * 1988-05-31 1990-12-11 Honigsbaum Richard F Antitank-antipersonnel weapon
US5402729A (en) * 1992-05-15 1995-04-04 Richert; Pierre Munition for low-pressure firing of projectiles from large-caliber guns
US5619009A (en) * 1995-01-31 1997-04-08 Princhim S.A. Smoke bomb case
US6655292B1 (en) * 1997-02-04 2003-12-02 Buck Werke Gmbh & Co. Camouflage means and camouflage procedures
US20080279720A1 (en) * 2007-03-06 2008-11-13 Meilander Timothy W Decontamination unit with collapsible decontamination enclosure and decontamination process
WO2010025925A1 (en) * 2008-09-08 2010-03-11 Draeger Karl-Heinz Device and method for distributing irritants or warfare agents

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4002121A (en) * 1974-08-03 1977-01-11 Rheinmetall G.M.B.H. Incendiary payload for a heavy-duty ballistic projectile
US4043268A (en) * 1975-06-07 1977-08-23 Rheinmetall Gmbh Container construction for an ejectable ballistic payload
US3999482A (en) * 1975-07-09 1976-12-28 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force High explosive launcher system
US3992995A (en) * 1975-09-04 1976-11-23 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force Speed controlled second event launcher
US4976202A (en) * 1988-05-31 1990-12-11 Honigsbaum Richard F Antitank-antipersonnel weapon
US5402729A (en) * 1992-05-15 1995-04-04 Richert; Pierre Munition for low-pressure firing of projectiles from large-caliber guns
US5619009A (en) * 1995-01-31 1997-04-08 Princhim S.A. Smoke bomb case
US6655292B1 (en) * 1997-02-04 2003-12-02 Buck Werke Gmbh & Co. Camouflage means and camouflage procedures
US20080279720A1 (en) * 2007-03-06 2008-11-13 Meilander Timothy W Decontamination unit with collapsible decontamination enclosure and decontamination process
US8216523B2 (en) 2007-03-06 2012-07-10 Steris Inc. Decontamination unit with collapsible decontamination enclosure and decontamination process
US8460605B2 (en) 2007-03-06 2013-06-11 Steris Inc. Decontaminant dispenser suitable for use as a projectile
US8497405B1 (en) 2007-03-06 2013-07-30 Steris Inc. Process for dispersing vaporous hydrogen peroxide
WO2010025925A1 (en) * 2008-09-08 2010-03-11 Draeger Karl-Heinz Device and method for distributing irritants or warfare agents
US20110219979A1 (en) * 2008-09-08 2011-09-15 Karl-Heinz Drager Apparatus and method for distributing irritants or warfare agents
US8616132B2 (en) 2008-09-08 2013-12-31 Karl-Heinz Drager Apparatus and method for distributing irritants or warfare agents
CN102209877B (en) * 2008-09-08 2015-01-28 卡尔-海因茨·德尔格 Device and method for distributing irritants or warfare agents

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