US3712099A - Method and apparatus for forming ring grooves and piston lands on a steel piston, especially for internal combustion engines - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for forming ring grooves and piston lands on a steel piston, especially for internal combustion engines Download PDF

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Publication number
US3712099A
US3712099A US00116465A US3712099DA US3712099A US 3712099 A US3712099 A US 3712099A US 00116465 A US00116465 A US 00116465A US 3712099D A US3712099D A US 3712099DA US 3712099 A US3712099 A US 3712099A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
piston
rolls
piston head
roll
roll means
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00116465A
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English (en)
Inventor
G Elsbett
L Elsbett
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ANGSBURG NUERNBERG AG WERK NUE
MASCHINENFAB ANGSBURG NUERNBERG AG WERK NUERNBERG DT
Original Assignee
ANGSBURG NUERNBERG AG WERK NUE
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
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Publication of US3712099A publication Critical patent/US3712099A/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J9/00—Piston-rings, e.g. non-metallic piston-rings, seats therefor; Ring sealings of similar construction
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21H—MAKING PARTICULAR METAL OBJECTS BY ROLLING, e.g. SCREWS, WHEELS, RINGS, BARRELS, BALLS
    • B21H7/00—Making articles not provided for in the preceding groups, e.g. agricultural tools, dinner forks, knives, spoons
    • B21H7/18—Making articles not provided for in the preceding groups, e.g. agricultural tools, dinner forks, knives, spoons grooved pins; Rolling grooves, e.g. oil grooves, in articles
    • B21H7/182—Rolling annular grooves
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
    • B21K1/00—Making machine elements
    • B21K1/18—Making machine elements pistons or plungers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B5/00—Turning-machines or devices specially adapted for particular work; Accessories specially adapted therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
    • B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
    • B23P15/10—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass pistons
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F05C2201/00—Metals
    • F05C2201/04—Heavy metals
    • F05C2201/0433—Iron group; Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel
    • F05C2201/0448—Steel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49229—Prime mover or fluid pump making
    • Y10T29/49249—Piston making
    • Y10T29/49265—Ring groove forming or finishing

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A method of and apparatus for providing steel pistons with annular grooves, according to which the annular grooves are made by roll-forming the material of the piston head.
  • This invention has for its object to provide an improved method, and apparatus to implement the method, for making ring grooves and piston lands in a manner, firstly, to ensure a high surface finish, accurate form and high strength and secondly to impart to the piston a special shape, e.g., an elliptical cross-section and/or a top-to-bottom taper, so that the shape of piston when hot will match that of the engine cylinder.
  • a special shape e.g., an elliptical cross-section and/or a top-to-bottom taper
  • the process employed according to the present invention to achieve these objects consists in producing the ring grooves in and/or the piston lands on the sealing face of the piston head by roll-forming.
  • the method proposed for making, for instance, the ring grooves can be used to roll-form several ring grooves in the piston head at the same time.
  • the method according to this invention is carried out by means of apparatus, which is also the object of this invention, comprising rolls applied against the head of the piston including firstly, a roll for making ring grooves and, secondly, a roll for shaping the piston lands, the former being of a size corresponding to the width and depth of the ring groove to be made and the latter being shaped with a width and displacement required to give the desired shape of the sealing face of the piston.
  • each roll can be formed with at least one projection on is circumference.
  • the apparatus can consist of several rolls arranged concentrically about the piston head, the rolls working in tandem in successive steps in the same ring groove which may be made in solid or preformed material.
  • the apparatus can be arranged so that it combines in one unit both the rolls for making the ring grooves and the roll or rolls for shaping the lands of the piston head.
  • the method according to this invention and the apparatus proposed to implement this method permit ring grooves and/or the shape of the piston lands to be formed within a minimum of time and with minimum tool wear.
  • production costs of massproduced pistons can be reduced substantially without sacrificing the quality of the ring grooves made or accuracy of the shape of the piston lands obtained.
  • Another advantage of this invention is in the fact that roll-forming of the ring grooves and/or the shape of the lands on the piston head results in strain hardening of the material, especially in the region of the ring grooves, whereby improved sliding contact is ensured with the piston rings.
  • the ac companying schematic drawing shows by way of example the method of roll-forming the ring grooves in the head of a piston.
  • FIGS. 1 and la are longitudinal central sections through a piston head with the rolls withdrawn from the finished ring grooves
  • FIG. 2 is a plan view of the piston head with several rolls arranged concentrically about it
  • FIG. 3 is an enlarged elevation of a roll formed with a projection on the center of its circumference
  • FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a roll formed with two projections on its circumference
  • FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a roll formed with an laterally off-set projection on its circumference and
  • FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of a gang-type roll assembly comprising several rolls working in parallel.
  • the method of making ring grooves 1 to 3 is illustrated by the example of a steel piston 4 for internal combustion engines, for instance Diesel engines.
  • the apparatus serving for implementing said method comprises at least one roll 5 formed to match the ring groove 1, 2 or 3 to be made and attached to a machine not shown in the drawing, the roll or rolls being arranged to be pressed into the solid, or pre-machined, sealing face 6 of the piston head at a preset feed rate.
  • the piston 4 is held in clamping means 7, of which only the outline is shown in the drawing, by means of which the piston can be rotated about its longitudinal centerline x.
  • the roll 5 forming the respective ring groove 1, 2 or 3 in the head 6 of the piston 4 is rotatably fitted on a mountingdevice which in turn is mounted on a carriage or screw mechanism providing the feed motion.
  • the carriage or screw feed mechanism is arranged to provide the feed motion at a rate to suit the material of piston 4 to be formed, the roll 5 fitted to the device on the carriage or screw feed mechanism gradually entering the solid or pre-machined body of the piston head 6.
  • the roll 5 for the ring groove 1, 2 or 3 to be made is of corresponding shape and size, the desired ring groove is made in one operation as the roll is forced into the piston, whereby the need for subsequent finishing operations on the ring groove is eliminated.
  • this can be formed with one central projection (FIG. 3) on its circumference or can have 2 projections 11 (FIG. 4) arranged symmetrically relative to its centerline z.
  • the roll 5 can be formed with only one asymmetrical projection 12 as shown in FIG. 5.
  • rolls 5 to n i.e., a gang of rolls arranged on each mounting device with one roll 5 forming one ring groove 1 and the adjacent roll 5 of the gang rolls forming the next ring groove 2, etc.
  • the rolls 5 to n of such gang rolls can be arranged on the same mounting device so as to enter the solid or premachined sealing face of the piston head 6 and be withdrawn from the ring grooves l to 3 on completion simultaneously.
  • the pistons 4 are commonly made of a core part 8 and a land portion 9 enveloping the core partly, it is possible and often desirable for reasons of strength, to use grip type clamping means 7 to hold the piston, the grips filling roughly the space between the core section 8 and the land portion 9. This enables the rolls 5 or gang rolls 5 n to enter into the piston land 6 at a faster rate since this land portion is adequately supported by the grips 7 to prevent deformation.
  • either the rolls 5 or gang rolls 5 n can be revolved around the piston head 6, or the piston 4 can be made to rotate about its longitudinal axis x.
  • the radial feed of the rolls 5 into the piston head 6 or withdrawal of the rolls away from the piston (arrow direction P) is normally a function of the rotating motion of the piston 4 in a manner that an appropriate feed motion of the rolls takes place on completion of every 360 rotation of the piston.
  • the piston 4 will be stationary and the rolls 5 or gang rolls 5 n will be arranged to rotate about their centers y as well as revolve about the stationary piston 4.
  • rolls 13 for piston lands are shown by dasheddot lines in FIGS. 1 and 2, these rolls combining to produce the desired shape of the piston sealing face.
  • the rolls 13 are mounted on separate shaft or axle and can be forced on to the piston head 6 either alone or together with the rolls 5 to n.
  • first roll means comprises a plurality of rolls in axially spaced relation operable to form a plurality of axially related ring grooves in said piston head simultaneously.
  • said first roll means comprise a plurality of sets of rolls distributed circumferentially about the piston head, each set of rolls comprising a plurality of rolls distributed axially of said piston head.
  • said second roll means comprises land forming rolls interposed between said sets of rolls and adapted to be applied to said piston head simultaneously with said sets of rolls.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)
US00116465A 1970-02-19 1971-02-18 Method and apparatus for forming ring grooves and piston lands on a steel piston, especially for internal combustion engines Expired - Lifetime US3712099A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19702007647 DE2007647A1 (de) 1970-02-19 1970-02-19 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Her stellen von Ringnuten und/oder des Lauf flachenprofils am Dichtmantel eines Stahl kolbens von insbesondere Brennkraftma schinen

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3712099A true US3712099A (en) 1973-01-23

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ID=5762730

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00116465A Expired - Lifetime US3712099A (en) 1970-02-19 1971-02-18 Method and apparatus for forming ring grooves and piston lands on a steel piston, especially for internal combustion engines

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US3712099A (en:Method)
CH (1) CH529599A (en:Method)
DE (1) DE2007647A1 (en:Method)
FR (1) FR2078775A5 (en:Method)
GB (1) GB1341872A (en:Method)
HU (1) HU170400B (en:Method)
RO (1) RO61977A (en:Method)
SE (1) SE382399B (en:Method)

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4193179A (en) * 1977-11-14 1980-03-18 Condor Manufacturing Inc. Process of manufacturing an article having a groove rolled therein, and an article produced thereby
US4485656A (en) * 1982-08-27 1984-12-04 Hayes Albion Corporation Transmission piston and method of making the same
US4485655A (en) * 1980-10-29 1984-12-04 National Set Screw Corporation Tool holder for a mining tool bit and method for making same
US4627665A (en) * 1985-04-04 1986-12-09 Ss Indus. Cold-headed and roll-formed pick type cutter body with carbide insert
US4643079A (en) * 1985-03-28 1987-02-17 General Motors Corporation Iron piston having selectively hardened ring groove
US5606887A (en) * 1995-06-02 1997-03-04 Tulip Corporation Apparatus and method for cold forming an L-shaped lead alloy battery terminal
US5632173A (en) * 1995-05-17 1997-05-27 Tulip Corporation Apparatus and method for cold forming a ring on a lead alloy battery terminal
US5791183A (en) * 1995-05-17 1998-08-11 Tulip Corporation Apparatus and method for cold forming a ring on a lead alloy battery terminal including an anti-torque structure
US6278204B1 (en) * 1999-06-18 2001-08-21 Eugene Roland Frenette Method of converting internal combustion engine into electrically driven engine
EP1304182A1 (en) * 2001-10-19 2003-04-23 BorgWarner Inc. Device for forming a groove in a friction layer
US20040078952A1 (en) * 2002-10-28 2004-04-29 Dieter Zimprich Device for forming a groove in a friction layer
WO2011006753A1 (de) * 2009-07-13 2011-01-20 Federal-Mogul Nürnberg GmbH Verfahren und vorrichtung zur bearbeitung eines kolbens für einen verbrennungsmotor
US8033153B1 (en) * 2001-06-14 2011-10-11 Tulip Corporation Method and apparatus for manufacturing a battery terminal with undercut rings
US20120258254A1 (en) * 2011-04-06 2012-10-11 Basf Corporation Methods For Providing High-Surface Area Coatings To Mitigate Hydrocarbon Deposits On Engine And Powertrain Components
US20190232376A1 (en) * 2016-07-07 2019-08-01 Ge Jenbacher Gmbh & Co. Og Piston groove machining tool
US11680540B2 (en) 2020-10-20 2023-06-20 Mahle International Gmbh Piston for an internal combustion engine and production method
US20240173782A1 (en) * 2020-01-08 2024-05-30 Mahle International Gmbh Method for machining an annular groove

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102016215278A1 (de) * 2016-08-16 2018-02-22 Mahle International Gmbh Verfahren zur Bearbeitung eines Kolbens

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE701881C (de) * 1939-05-16 1941-01-25 Elektron Co M B H Verfahren zum Pressen von Motorkolben
US2595668A (en) * 1950-05-01 1952-05-06 William M Getty Piston reforming tool
US3473358A (en) * 1966-01-03 1969-10-21 Rotary Profile Anstalt Profiling of workpieces that are figures of revolution

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE701881C (de) * 1939-05-16 1941-01-25 Elektron Co M B H Verfahren zum Pressen von Motorkolben
US2595668A (en) * 1950-05-01 1952-05-06 William M Getty Piston reforming tool
US3473358A (en) * 1966-01-03 1969-10-21 Rotary Profile Anstalt Profiling of workpieces that are figures of revolution

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4193179A (en) * 1977-11-14 1980-03-18 Condor Manufacturing Inc. Process of manufacturing an article having a groove rolled therein, and an article produced thereby
US4485655A (en) * 1980-10-29 1984-12-04 National Set Screw Corporation Tool holder for a mining tool bit and method for making same
US4485656A (en) * 1982-08-27 1984-12-04 Hayes Albion Corporation Transmission piston and method of making the same
US4643079A (en) * 1985-03-28 1987-02-17 General Motors Corporation Iron piston having selectively hardened ring groove
US4627665A (en) * 1985-04-04 1986-12-09 Ss Indus. Cold-headed and roll-formed pick type cutter body with carbide insert
US5632173A (en) * 1995-05-17 1997-05-27 Tulip Corporation Apparatus and method for cold forming a ring on a lead alloy battery terminal
US5791183A (en) * 1995-05-17 1998-08-11 Tulip Corporation Apparatus and method for cold forming a ring on a lead alloy battery terminal including an anti-torque structure
US5606887A (en) * 1995-06-02 1997-03-04 Tulip Corporation Apparatus and method for cold forming an L-shaped lead alloy battery terminal
US6278204B1 (en) * 1999-06-18 2001-08-21 Eugene Roland Frenette Method of converting internal combustion engine into electrically driven engine
US8033153B1 (en) * 2001-06-14 2011-10-11 Tulip Corporation Method and apparatus for manufacturing a battery terminal with undercut rings
EP1304182A1 (en) * 2001-10-19 2003-04-23 BorgWarner Inc. Device for forming a groove in a friction layer
US20040078952A1 (en) * 2002-10-28 2004-04-29 Dieter Zimprich Device for forming a groove in a friction layer
US7197808B2 (en) 2002-10-28 2007-04-03 Borgwarner Inc. Process for forming a groove in a friction layer
WO2011006753A1 (de) * 2009-07-13 2011-01-20 Federal-Mogul Nürnberg GmbH Verfahren und vorrichtung zur bearbeitung eines kolbens für einen verbrennungsmotor
US20120258254A1 (en) * 2011-04-06 2012-10-11 Basf Corporation Methods For Providing High-Surface Area Coatings To Mitigate Hydrocarbon Deposits On Engine And Powertrain Components
US20190232376A1 (en) * 2016-07-07 2019-08-01 Ge Jenbacher Gmbh & Co. Og Piston groove machining tool
US10888930B2 (en) * 2016-07-07 2021-01-12 Innio Jenbacher Gmbh & Co Og Piston groove machining tool
US20240173782A1 (en) * 2020-01-08 2024-05-30 Mahle International Gmbh Method for machining an annular groove
US11680540B2 (en) 2020-10-20 2023-06-20 Mahle International Gmbh Piston for an internal combustion engine and production method

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH529599A (de) 1972-10-31
GB1341872A (en) 1973-12-25
HU170400B (en:Method) 1977-06-28
RO61977A (en:Method) 1977-06-15
DE2007647A1 (de) 1971-09-09
FR2078775A5 (en:Method) 1971-11-05
SE382399B (sv) 1976-02-02

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