US3710662A - Method for slicing furs - Google Patents

Method for slicing furs Download PDF

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Publication number
US3710662A
US3710662A US00138536A US3710662DA US3710662A US 3710662 A US3710662 A US 3710662A US 00138536 A US00138536 A US 00138536A US 3710662D A US3710662D A US 3710662DA US 3710662 A US3710662 A US 3710662A
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Prior art keywords
pelt
knives
fur
slicing
sliced
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Expired - Lifetime
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US00138536A
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English (en)
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F Olday
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Individual
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Individual
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C14—SKINS; HIDES; PELTS; LEATHER
    • C14B—MECHANICAL TREATMENT OR PROCESSING OF SKINS, HIDES OR LEATHER IN GENERAL; PELT-SHEARING MACHINES; INTESTINE-SPLITTING MACHINES
    • C14B15/00—Mechanical treatment of furs
    • C14B15/10—Cutting furs; Making fur plates or strips
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S83/00—Cutting
    • Y10S83/915—Fur cutting
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T83/00—Cutting
    • Y10T83/04—Processes
    • Y10T83/0405—With preparatory or simultaneous ancillary treatment of work
    • Y10T83/0419—By distorting within elastic limit
    • Y10T83/0433—By flexing around or by tool
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T83/00—Cutting
    • Y10T83/04—Processes
    • Y10T83/0605—Cut advances across work surface
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T83/00—Cutting
    • Y10T83/647—With means to convey work relative to tool station
    • Y10T83/6584—Cut made parallel to direction of and during work movement
    • Y10T83/66—With means to press work to tool

Definitions

  • SHEET 3 OF 4 INVENTOR FRED L. OLDAY ATTORNEYS /f I I60 METHOD FOR SLICING FURS BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to a method and apparatus for slicing furs, and more particularly, it concerns such a method and apparatus having particular utility in the slicing of fur pelts in conjunction with the conventional letting-out'processby which the shape of the pelt is modified for incorporation in a garment.
  • the pelts from the designer, the fur manufacturer first selects individual pelts for proper color gradation and matching and trims from the pelts non-usable portions such as legs, heads and tails, carefully marking each pelt to designate the front shoulder line of the animal (usually with a pencilled or ink line on the hide side of the skin) so that identification of the head and rump end of the pelt is preserved.
  • This designation is important inasmuch as the density and length of fur on the pelt will vary from the head to the rump end sufficiently to be a crucial factor in matching pelts.
  • the fur manufacturer marks on both longitudinal halves of each pelt a code number corresponding to a specific pelt outline in the pattern. Also, an indication of the length to which each pelt must be let out to fit the corresponding pelt outline on the pattern is provided on each pelt half.
  • the halves are then sliced on a bias into strips on the order of A to of an inch in thickness, the precise number of slices as well as the bias angle on which they are out being determined by the amount of letting-out required.
  • each of the individual strips will be sewn back together with each successive strip being offset or let-out" with respect to the preceeding strip by a fixed amount approximating inch.
  • the two halves are sliced on opposite biases so that when the let-out halves are sewn back together, the strip seams will define a chevron-like pattern. In this way, the natural color shading of the original pelt will be retained after the letting-out operation.
  • pelts are manually sliced in the manner described using a sharp knife and in a way such that the length of each individual cut terminates short of the side edges of the pelt half so that the overall half will be retained intact for handling.
  • the slices are then completed at the time the strips are offset and sewn back together to provide the desired final shape.
  • the traditionally manual slicing operation requires a high degree of skill and moreover is a tedious and time consuming operation.
  • the amount of let-out for a particular pelt is determined by the angle of approach or bias angle at which the pelt or pelt half is to be sliced. Also, it will be apparent that the number of slices made during a single pass of a pelt through the knives will be determined by bias angle, which in turn will determine the number of knives used during the pass.
  • an improved machine and method for slicing fur pelts is provided by which all of the desirable attributes of manual slicing techniques are maintained while at the same time reducing the time and skills required to a small portion of that required in manual slicing.
  • the machine structure includes, very simply, a table or bed surface through which a series of rotatable slitting knives project centrally of the table length to establish an in-feed end and out-feed end on opposite sides of the slitting knives.
  • the fur pelt is retained against the bed surface by a bank of downwardly directed pins depending from a pin board supported on a reciprocable carriage capable of pivotal movement between an operative, generally horizontal position on the bed and an inoperative upright position.
  • the in-feed bed is provided with indicia to facilitate orientation of the pelt in a manner to achieve the desired number of slices and also the pin carrier includes an adjustable portion by which the trailing end of the pelt is left free to ride over the slitting knives during the cutting operation. In this way, any number of slices can be effected over theintermediate portion of the pelt while leaving the ends thereof intact as the pelt is moved through the knives by movement of the carriage with the pins engaging the fur side of the pelt.
  • Means are provided on the pin carrier board for releasing the sliced pelt from the pins when it is positioned over the out-feed table and to assure that the individual strips remain in their initial position.
  • a pivotal section in the out-feed table permits the sliced fur to be inverted and deposited on a retention board for subsequent handling as during sewing operations, for example.
  • FIG. 1 is a plan view of the fur slicing machine of this invention
  • FIG. 2 is a side elevation of the machine shown in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a fragmentary plan view of the invention similar to FIG. 1 but showing the pin bank carriage in its open or inoperative position;
  • FIG. 4 is an enlarged fragmentary cross-section taken on line 4-4 of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 5 is a fragmentary cross-section similar to FIG. 4 but showing operating components of the fur release mechanism in a different operating position;
  • FIG. 6 is an enlarged fragmentary cross-section taken on lines 6-6 of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 7 is an enlarged fragmentary perspective view illustrating the pin bank release means of the invention.
  • FIG. 8 is an enlarged fragmentary vertical cross-section through the slicing knives during the passage of a fur pelt therethrough;
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram illustrating the outline of a fur pelt
  • FIG. 10 is a fragmentary plan view showing the outfeed end of the machine bed wherein the step of removing a sliced fur pelt from the machine;
  • FIG. 11 is a fragmentary cross-section taken on line llll ofFIG. 10.
  • FIG. 12 is a cross-section similar to FIG. 11 but showing the out-feed bed or table components in a different operating position.
  • a series of rotatable slitting knives or discs 24 which extend upwardly through slots 26 (FIG. 8) by a distance sufficient to extend clearly through the hide of a fur pelt held against the upper surface of the table plate 10.
  • the knives are supported in uniform axial spacing increments on a rotatable arbor 28 journalled at opposite ends in appropriate bearings 30 supported by the columns 20. Because of limitations imposed by the scale of the drawings, the precise number and spacing of the knives is not fully illustrated in the drawings. Both the number of blades and the spacing between the blades, however, may be varied depending on the type and size of pelts to be sliced. As an example, a presently operating prototype of the machine employs sixty knives on center spacings of 0. I67 inches. I
  • the axis of the knife arbor 28 divides the length of the table plate into an in-feed end or portion 32 and an out-feed end or portion 34.
  • the direction of pelt feed during the slicing operation is from the in-feed table 32 through the knives 24 to outfeed table 34, or from right to left as viewed in FIGS. l-3 of the drawings.
  • the knives 24 are driven rotatably by an electric motor 36 by way of a belt and pulley transmission 38 in the direction of the arrow 40.
  • the tangential direction of travel at the knife portions extending upwardly through the table plate is in the same direction of pelt feed.
  • This direction of blade rotation in relation to pelt feed effects what is termed a climb cut and requires that the pelt be retained against the blades to complete a slicing operation.
  • a pin bank carriage 42 is provided and supported for rectilinear movement along the length of the table plate by guide rods 44 and 46 supported at opposite ends by mounting bosses 48 and 50, respectively.
  • the carriage 42 includes three support channels 52, 54 and 56 extending transversely between the guide rods 44 and 46. As shown most clearly in FIGS.
  • each of the channels 52, 54 and 56 is connected to the guide rod 44 by a full bearing 58, the bearing 58 preferably being of the linear ball bearing type by which axial movement along the rod is facilitated as well as pivotal movement about the axis of the guide rod 44 from an operative feed position as shown in FIG. 4, to an open or inoperative position as shown in FIG. 3.
  • the ends of the transverse channels 52, 54 and 56 opposite from I the full bearings 58 are separably supported from the guide rod 46 by half bearings 60.
  • the axis of the guide rod 44 is positioned in the upper surface plane of the table plate 10 so that final movement of the carriage from its open position to its operative position is nearly or truely tangential to a plane normal to that of the table plate 10.
  • each of the pin banks 64 and 66 may be the same in that both includes a bored plate 70 through which the .pins are inserted, which plate is bonded or otherwise secured to, a relatively thick reinforcing plate 72for rigidifying purposes and all as shown in FIG. 4 of A the drawings.
  • the pin bank 64 is larger than the bank 66 and is fixed directly to the frame 62 for movement with the carriage.
  • the smaller pin bank 66 is supported for transverse adjustability with respect to the end member 740i the frame 62 and the rear edge 76 of the plate70 forming part of the pin bank 64.
  • the transverse adjustability between the pin bank 66 and the supporting components74 and 76 is effected by end grooves formed by the pin mounting plates 70a and 72a as shown in FIG. 6 of thedrawings.
  • the smaller and adjustable pin bank 66 is releasably secured in selected positions transversely of the carriage by a pair of latching dogs 78 and 80 having upstanding finger tabs 82 and 84, respectively and spring biased outwardly to engage detent notches 86 formed in strips 88 and 90 positioned respectively along the rear edge 76 of the fixed pin bank 64 and on the frame component 74.
  • the upper surface of the strip 88 is provided with graduated indicia by which one or the other of the side edges 92 and 94 of the adjustable pin bank 66 may be aligned.
  • the graduated indicia on the strip 88 corresponds directly with the blades 24 in a manner so that either edge 92 or 94 numbered from (I) to (60) proceeding from opposite.
  • edge 92 or 94 of the pin bank may be positioned for align ment with a specific blade proceeding toward the last blade in the series faced by the edge 92 or the edge 94.
  • the lines 96 are in alignment with the individual blades 24 and extend to a scale 98 at the rear end of the in-feed table having indicia similar to that on the strip 88.
  • the individual pins 68 on both pin banks 64 and 66 project downwardly and terminate in a plane spaced slightly above the upper surface of the table plate 10 when the carriage is in the operative position as shown in these figures.
  • the spacing of the pins on lines extending transversely of the carriage is governed by the spacing of the knife blades 24 in that as the carriage is advanced over the knife blades, the pins must pass between the knife blades. Also, it is essential that there be at least one longitudinal line of pins for each space between knife blades. Although the spacing on the longitudinal lines may vary, it is preferred that the pins be evenly spaced on both transverse and longitudinal directions.
  • the structure of the out-feed table 34 includes a pelt discharge plate 118 normally supported to be flush with the upper surface of the table plate 10 but pivotal about the axis of a piano hinge 120 connecting the forward end of the discharge plate 118 to the forward edge of the table plate 10.
  • the size and shape of the discharge plate 118 is selected to conform to a conventional supporting board for sliced fur pelts designated by the reference numeral 122 and shown most clearly in FIGS. 10-12 of the drawings.
  • Such boards are of cardboard or the like and include an elastic string 124 fixed at one end and detachably engagable at the other end of the board such as by a knot or ball 126 on the elastic string engaging in a notch 128 in the opposite end of the board to which one end of the elastic string is fixed.
  • a thumb hole 129 is provided in the table plate 10 so that the operator of the machine may grasp in one hand the supporting cardboard 122 as well as the discharge plate 118 and move both through approximately 180,
  • FIG. 9 of the drawings in which the outline of a normal trimmed fur pelt is illustrated.
  • the pelts After the pelts have been trimmed, matched and marked to indicate the amount of let-out, they are cut longitudinally along a line 130 to establish left and right pelt halves 132 and 134.
  • the pelt halves are marked by short lines 136 at the head end of each pelt half and by lines 138 at the rump ends thereof.
  • the marks 136 and 138 indicate the intersection of the first and last bias cuts 139 to be made during the slicing operation by the blades 24 with the pelt edges at the head and rump ends of the pelt, respectively.
  • the first and last of the bias cuts establish triangular portions 140 and 142 at opposite ends of each pelt half and which are to be left unsliced for purposes of the lettingout process.
  • the unsliced portions 136 and 140 will provide squared-off ends in the let-out pelt.
  • the person selecting fur pelts for the garment pattern will be able to establish in advance not only the length of the let-out pelt, but also the approximate width at each end of the let-out fur pelt half.
  • the operator of the slicing machine is able to calculate the number of slices required to be made on the bias between the marks 136 and 138. Having made this calculation, the slicing machine operator then places the pelt half 132, for example, on the in-feed table end 32 in the position shown in FIG. 3 of the drawings.
  • the laterally adjustable pin bank 66 is adjusted so that the edge 92 thereof is aligned with the graduation on the scale bar 88 also corresponding to the number of cuts to be made.
  • the slicing operation is now simply effected by grasping the handle 116 on the pin bank carriage 42 and advancing the carriage along with the pelt through the knives 24 to the out-feed table 34.
  • FIG. 8 of the drawings wherein a section of the adjustable pin bank 66 is illustrated when positioned over the knives 24, those knives located between pins 68 on the pin bank 66 will slice through the pelt 132 whereas those knives positioned under the triangular portion 142 at the rump end of the pelt are ineffective in their cutting function.
  • the reason for this is that the pelt over these blades is not held against them or the upper surface of the table plate 10 and also due to the climbcut" rotation of the knives 24.
  • the portion 142 merely rides over these blades in a manner that there is no evidence on the hide that the portion 142 ever contacted the knives. Yet the longitudinal row of pins adjacent the edge 92 of the pin bank 66 will be effective to carry the triangular portion 142 along with the rest of the pelt to the out-feed table portion 34.
  • the finger tabs 114 of the fur release mechanism are grasped in one hand and drawn toward another so that the elastic bands move downwardly with respect to the pins 68 against the fur side of the pelt under the carriage.
  • the operator uses his other hand to grasp the handle 116 and pivot the carriage 42 upwardly and away from the sliced pelt. After the sliced pelt is shifted to a position on the discharge plate 118 and a retaining card 122 is placed over the sliced pelt as shown in FIGS. 10 and 11 of the drawings.
  • the machine operator is now able to pass his thumb through the slot 129 to grasp both the retaining card 122 and the discharge plate 118 to transfer the sliced pelt to the card 122 in the manner depicted in FIGS. 11 and 12. Thereafter the elastic band 124 on the card 122 is stretched over the pelt and secured in the notch 128 to insure that the slices will be retained in their initial position on the card 122. The sliced pelts retained on the card in this manner are then given to a fur sewing machine operator who offsets each of the sliced strips and sews them back together.
  • the method recited in claim 6 including thestep of orienting the angular disposition of said piece on said surface to establish a bias angle of cutting.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
  • Nonmetal Cutting Devices (AREA)
  • Treatment And Processing Of Natural Fur Or Leather (AREA)
US00138536A 1971-04-29 1971-04-29 Method for slicing furs Expired - Lifetime US3710662A (en)

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US13853671A 1971-04-29 1971-04-29

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US (1) US3710662A (enExample)
JP (1) JPS5144162B1 (enExample)
CA (1) CA938462A (enExample)
FR (1) FR2135911A5 (enExample)
GB (1) GB1334448A (enExample)
IL (1) IL39282A (enExample)
IT (1) IT939538B (enExample)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3777599A (en) * 1971-08-23 1973-12-11 Burn Treatment Skin Bank Inc Process for producing split-thickness animal skin for protecting flayed human tissue
US5907984A (en) * 1995-04-19 1999-06-01 Cutting Edge Inc. Parallel cutting assembly for cutting sheet material
CN116769978A (zh) * 2023-06-05 2023-09-19 浙江联侨新材料科技发展有限公司 一种皮革加工设备和加工工艺

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2174603A (en) * 1937-10-06 1939-10-03 Arthur G Settel Fur cutting

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2174603A (en) * 1937-10-06 1939-10-03 Arthur G Settel Fur cutting

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3777599A (en) * 1971-08-23 1973-12-11 Burn Treatment Skin Bank Inc Process for producing split-thickness animal skin for protecting flayed human tissue
US5907984A (en) * 1995-04-19 1999-06-01 Cutting Edge Inc. Parallel cutting assembly for cutting sheet material
CN116769978A (zh) * 2023-06-05 2023-09-19 浙江联侨新材料科技发展有限公司 一种皮革加工设备和加工工艺
CN116769978B (zh) * 2023-06-05 2024-01-19 浙江联侨新材料科技发展有限公司 一种皮革加工设备和加工工艺

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2135911A5 (enExample) 1972-12-22
IL39282A (en) 1974-10-22
DE2155956A1 (de) 1972-11-16
DE2155956B2 (de) 1976-02-05
GB1334448A (en) 1973-10-17
CA938462A (en) 1973-12-18
JPS5144162B1 (enExample) 1976-11-26
IT939538B (it) 1973-02-10
IL39282A0 (en) 1972-06-28

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