US3710232A - Logic-controlled thyristor system for performing tap-changing operations - Google Patents

Logic-controlled thyristor system for performing tap-changing operations Download PDF

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US3710232A
US3710232A US00219706A US3710232DA US3710232A US 3710232 A US3710232 A US 3710232A US 00219706 A US00219706 A US 00219706A US 3710232D A US3710232D A US 3710232DA US 3710232 A US3710232 A US 3710232A
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pair
networks
pairs
contacts
tap
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M Matzl
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F29/00—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00
    • H01F29/02—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00 with tappings on coil or winding; with provision for rearrangement or interconnection of windings
    • H01F29/04—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00 with tappings on coil or winding; with provision for rearrangement or interconnection of windings having provision for tap-changing without interrupting the load current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/54—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere
    • H01H9/541—Contacts shunted by semiconductor devices
    • H01H9/542—Contacts shunted by static switch means

Definitions

  • the trigger pulse generators for the thyristors ,of the networks are controlled by sensors whose output is fed into a logic circuitry.
  • the sensors include a pair of sensors responsive to the position of current-carrying contacts, a pair of sensors responsive to the position of disconnect contacts and a pair of sensors responsive to the voltage across a thyristor network.
  • a conventional Jansen-type tap-changing switching system includes, in addition to a tapped transformer winding, a selector switch and a transfer'switch, and the latter is provided with a plurality of tap-changing resistors, or change-over resistors.
  • tap-changing transfer switches including thyristors for the more conventional transfer switches with their relatively bulky tap-changing resistors, or change-over resistors.
  • Typical examples of tap-changing switching systems including thyristors are disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,502,961 to M. Matzl, Mar. 24, 1970 for TARCI-IANGING TIIYRISTOR CIRCUITRY FOR REGULATING TRANSFORMERS; U.S. Pat. No. 3,534,246 to M. Matzl, Oct.
  • Matzl include thyristor circuits and mechanical switching devices having relatively movable contacts. The latter must be operated in a predetermined sequence and timing.
  • One object of this invention is to provide systems as disclosed in the above patents to M. Matzl with logic circuitry to automate the operation thereof.
  • Matzl and to provide means which enable such a drastic change of the entire system without changing the timing of contact engagement and the timing of contact separation of the constituent contacts of a more or less conventional Jansen-type transfer switch. It is another object of this invention to provide means which allow a transfer switch originally designed to be operatively related to tap-changing resistors, or change-over resistors, to be operatively related to tapchanging thyristor networks such as shown in the above Matzl references.
  • Tap-changing switching systems or tap-changing transfer switches embodying this invention include a pair of thyristor networks, a pair of disconnect switch means each connected in series with one of said pair of thyristor networks and a pair of current-carrying contact means each arranged to be shunted across one of said pair of thyristor networks and one of said pair of disconnect switch means.
  • the system further includes a pair of voltage sensors each sensing the voltage prevailing across one of said thyristor networks.
  • the system further includes two pairs of position sensors one sensing the position of one of said pair of current-carrying contact means and the other the position of one of said pair of disconnect switch means. The output of said pair of voltage sensors and the output of said two pairs of position sensors is fed into a logic system the output of which controls a pair of trigger pulse generators for triggering the constituent thyristors of the aforementioned pair of thyristor networks.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram of a tap-changing system including thyristor circuits to which the invention is intended to be applied;
  • FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic representation of the sequence and timing of contact operations in a system as shown in FIG. 1 but including a transfer switch initially designed to be associated with ohmic change-over resistors rather than thyristor networks;
  • FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of one logic circuitry embodying the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of another logic circuitry embodying the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 numerals 1 and 2 have been applied to indicate contacts of a selector switch engaging taps U U of a tapped transformer winding Tr.
  • the system includes two thyristor networks St, and Stg.
  • the former network St is made up of a pair of inversely parallel connected thyristors 7,8 and the latter network St is made up of a pair of inversely parallel connected thyristors 9,10.
  • Network St is connected in series with disconnect switch 5 and network St is connected in series with disconnect switch 6.
  • Current-carrying switch 3 is arranged to be shunted across network St, and disconnect 5, while current-carrying switch 4 is arranged to be shunted across network St, and disconnect switch 6.
  • Reference character Y has been applied to indicate an outgoing load current-carrying line.
  • FIG. 2 This raises the problem of adapting a switch mechanism having overlapping contact operating times such as shown in FIG. 2 to control a pair of thyristor networks as shown in FIG. 1 in order to effect a tapchanging operation from a first tap U, to a second tap U,, or vice versa, from a second tap U, to a first tap U F I68.
  • 3 and 4 each shows diagrammatically a circuitry which offersa solution to the above problem. The same reference characters have been applied in FIGS. 1, 3 and 4 to indicate like parts.
  • reference character St has been applied to indicate a first network including a pair of thyristors 7,8 inversely connected in parallel and reference character St, has been applied to indicate a second network including a pair of thyristors 9,10 inversely connected in parallel.
  • the network St further includes capacitor 40 and resistor 42 which are connected in series and the network St, further includes the capacitor 41 and the resistor 43 which are connected in series.
  • Thyristors 7,8 may be triggered by trigger pulse transformer 11 the primary winding of which may be energized by trigger pulse generator 13.
  • Thyristors'9,l0 may be triggered by trigger pulse transformer 12 the primary winding of which may be energized by trigger pulse generator 14.
  • reference numeral 15 has been applied to indicate a memory device having two inputs S and L and two outputs A and A. Application of a voltage signal at S results in a voltage signal at A, and application of a voltage signal at L results in a voltage signal at inverse output A.
  • Memory device 15 is under the control of, two position sensors 20,21 whose output indicates the respective position of current-carrying contact means 3,4.
  • the state of memory device 15 stores information regarding the direction of tap change, i.e., whether the load current is supplied from tap U, by the intermediary of current-carrying contacts 3 and the circuitry is ready for a change to tap U,, or whether the opposite condition prevails, i.e., the load current is derived from tap U, by the intermediary of current-carrying contacts 4 and the circuitry is ready for a change to tap U,.
  • Reference numerals 24 and 25 have been applied to indicate a pair of voltage sensors of which the former senses the voltage prevailing across thyristor network St, and the latter senses the voltage prevailing across thyristor network St
  • Reference numerals 26,27,30,31'and 38,39 have been applied in FIG. 3 to indicate AND gates arranged in pairs and reference nu- -merals 34,35 have been applied in that figure to indicate a pair of OR gates.
  • the output of AND-gates 38,39 controls the trigger pulse generators l3 and 14, respectively, for triggering the thyristors in network St and network St respectively.
  • the interrelation of the various circuit elements or components of FIG. 3 has clearly been indicated by appropriate lines and, therefore, does not need to be described by words.
  • FIGS. 1 and 3 operates as stated below: Assuming that current-carrying contacts 3 are initially closed and that disconnect contacts 5 and 6 as well as current-carrying contact 4 are initially open. These positions of contacts 3,5,6 and 4 have been shown in FIG. I.
  • the memory device 15 under control of sensor 20 emits a voltage signal at its terminal A which is a criterion for a transfer from tap U, to tap U
  • the OR- gate 34 receives a voltage signal at one of its input terminals and therefore, transmits a voltage signal at to one of the two input terminals of AND-gate 38.
  • the other input terminal of AND-gate 38 rece i ves a voltage signal from the inverse output terminal A of OR-gate 35. Since both input terminals of AND-gate 38 receive a voltage signal, the output signal of AND-gate 38 renders the trigger pulse generator 13 operative, thus causing triggering of thyristors 7 and 8.
  • disconnect contacts 5 for thyristor network St are closed following initiation of a tap-changing operation from tap U, to tap U,, or had remained closed during the stationary operation of the system, i.e., during the period of time network St, and disconnect contacts 5 had been shunted by current-carrying contacts 3.
  • the function of disconnecting contacts 5 is to isolate thyristors 7 and 8 while the load current is being carried by current-carrying contacts 3.
  • Disconnect contacts 5 must, of course, be closed when current-carrying contacts 3 open to make it possible for the current to commutate to network S1,.
  • trigger pulse generator 14 is rendered operative by the intermediary of OR-gate 35 and AND-gate 39, thus causing triggering of thyristors 9 and in network St
  • disconnect contacts 5 open both input terminals of AND-gate 31 receive a voltage signal and, therefore, another of the input terminals of OR-gate 35 is supplied with a voltage signal.
  • Closing of current-carrying contacts 4 has the same effect as opening of disconnect contacts 5.
  • sensor 21 transmits a voltage signal to OR-gate 35, and this voltage signal is also transmitted to the input terminal L of the tapchanging direction-determining memory device 15, t hus causing a voltage signal to appear at the terminal A of memory device 15. Now the system is ready for the next tap-changing operation.
  • FIG. 4 the same reference characters have been applied as in FIG. 3. Therefore FIG. 4 calls for description only to the extent that it differs from that of FIG. 3.
  • FIG. 4 The system of FIG. 4 is intended to be connected to two thyristor networks identical to the thyristor networks St and St of FIG. 3. This may be achieved by trigger pulse transformers as shown in FIG. 3.
  • FIG. 4 differs from FIG. 3 by addition in the former of a pair of memory devices 16 and 17 of which the former stores the condition of thyristors 7,8 in network St, and the latter stores the condition of thyristors 9,10 in network St Memory devices 16 and 17 are preferably interlocked.
  • FIG. 4 the same reference characters as in FIG. 3 have been applied to gates correlating the same parameters, i.e., those sensed by sensors to 25.
  • Reference characters 28,29 in FIG. 4 have been applied to indicate AND-gates and reference characters 32,33 and 36,37 have been applied to indicate OR- gates.
  • FIG. 4 The interconnection of the components of FIG. 4 is self-explanatory by the lines indicating the connections thereof.
  • the circuitry of FIGS. 1,3 and 4 requires that there be an overlap of the time of operation of the disconnect contacts 5,6, i.e., that both remain simultaneously closed for a period of time lasting at least half a period, or half a cycle, of the current wave. If this condition were not met, one of the disconnect contacts 5,7, i.e., the one pair that had been carrying the load current, would be compelled to part under load, or break a load current, because its associated thyristors have not turned as yet to their blocking state. This would be a rather undesirable condition since the disconnect contacts 5,6 are not intended to be used for current interruption and not designed to perform this function.
  • FIGS. 1-4 are but two of many possible embodiments of the invention.
  • the invention may be expressed more generally in terms of Boolean algebra.
  • Vitally necessary structural elements of the invention are the three pairs of sensors 20,21;22,23 and 24,25.
  • the state of the various components of the circuitry of FIG. ll may be described by the following symbols:
  • the logic circuitry of this invention may then be described by the term In the embodiment of the invention of FIGS. 1 and 4 wherein the trigger pulse generators 13,14 are under works. This end is achieved by virtue of the fact that the logic circuitry according to this invention compensates for the timing of contact operation of Jansen-type tap-changing transfer switches originally designed to include tap-changing resistors, or switching resistors, which timing is normally unacceptable where changes from one tap to another are intended to be effected by a pair of thyristor networks.
  • the invention makes it further possible to convert a regulating transformer including a resistor transfer switch by substituting a pair of thyristor networks for the resistors of the transfer switch and adding the above logic to the regulating transformer.
  • a regulating transformer including a resistor transfer switch by substituting a pair of thyristor networks for the resistors of the transfer switch and adding the above logic to the regulating transformer.
  • the existing auxiliary contacts of the transfer switchwhich had been previously connected to the resistors thereof are connected to a pair of thyristor networks, as described above.
  • a system as shown in FIG. 1 requires, in addition to a transfer switch, also a selector switch to make it possible to change between a large number of taps rather than merely two taps of a tapped transformer winding.
  • the selector switch has been deleted in FIG. 1 since its presence or absence has no bearing on the present invention and since selector switches and the way to connect them into circuits is well known in the art and fully disclosed, inter alia, in the above referred-to US. Pat. Nos. 3,396,254 and 3,493,698.
  • a transfer switch for tap-changing regulating transformers the combination of a. a pair of thyristor networks each including means for connection thereof to one of a pair of taps of a tapped transformer winding, each of said pair of networks including a pair of inversely parallel connected thyristors;
  • two pairs of disconnect contacts each serially connected to one of said pairs of networks to connect selectively each of said pair of networks to, and to disconnect selectively each of said pair of networks from, an outgoing load current-carrying line;
  • a pair of trigger pulse generators each triggering the constituent thyristors of one of said pair of networks
  • a logic circuitry under the control of said pair of voltage sensors, said first pair of position sensors and said second pair of position sensors for selectively activating and de-activating said pair of trigger pulse generators.
  • a transfer switch for tap-changing regulating transformers including a. a pair of thyristor networks each including means for connection thereof to one of a pair of taps of a tapped transformer winding, each of said pair of networks including a pair of inversely parallel connected thyristors;
  • two pairs of disconnect contacts each serially connnected to one of said pairs of networks to connect selectively each of said pair of networks to, and to disconnect selectively each of said pair of networks from, an outgoing load current-carrying line;
  • a pair of trigger pulse generators each triggering the constituent thyristors of one of said pair of networks
  • a logic circuitry under the control of the output signals of said pair of voltage sensors, said first pair of position sensors and said second pair of position sensors and complying with the Boolean term wherein a signifies the position of one of said two pairs of disconnect contacts, b signified the position of oneof said two pairs of current-carrying contacts, 0 and Fsignify the respective direction in which the tap-changing operation is effected, d signifies the blocking voltage of one of said networks, and h signifies the position of one of said two pairs of current-carrying contacts.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Control Of Electrical Variables (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Electronic Switches (AREA)
  • Power Conversion In General (AREA)
US00219706A 1971-01-29 1972-01-21 Logic-controlled thyristor system for performing tap-changing operations Expired - Lifetime US3710232A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19712104075 DE2104075C3 (de) 1971-01-29 Verfahren und Anordnung zur Lastumschaltung bei Stufentransformatoren mit antiparallel geschalteten Thyristoren

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AT (1) AT315970B (xx)
FR (1) FR2124921A5 (xx)
NO (1) NO132566C (xx)
SE (1) SE376998B (xx)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20090146637A1 (en) * 2007-12-07 2009-06-11 Pennsylvania Transformer Technology, Inc. Load tap changer
CN101430966B (zh) * 2008-08-21 2011-02-16 上海华明电力设备制造有限公司 晶闸管直接切换有载分接开关
CN105161274A (zh) * 2015-09-30 2015-12-16 胡群荣 一种基于晶闸管无弧开关的变压器有载调压方法

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3437913A (en) * 1966-03-05 1969-04-08 Reinhausen Maschf Scheubeck Tapped regulating transformer having thyristor transfer switch means
US3466530A (en) * 1966-04-16 1969-09-09 Reinhausen Maschf Scheubeck Logic-unit-controlled thyristor tapchanging transfer switch having trigger impulse amplifier

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3437913A (en) * 1966-03-05 1969-04-08 Reinhausen Maschf Scheubeck Tapped regulating transformer having thyristor transfer switch means
US3466530A (en) * 1966-04-16 1969-09-09 Reinhausen Maschf Scheubeck Logic-unit-controlled thyristor tapchanging transfer switch having trigger impulse amplifier

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20090146637A1 (en) * 2007-12-07 2009-06-11 Pennsylvania Transformer Technology, Inc. Load tap changer
US7595614B2 (en) 2007-12-07 2009-09-29 Pennsylvania Transformer Technology, Inc. Load tap changer
CN101430966B (zh) * 2008-08-21 2011-02-16 上海华明电力设备制造有限公司 晶闸管直接切换有载分接开关
CN105161274A (zh) * 2015-09-30 2015-12-16 胡群荣 一种基于晶闸管无弧开关的变压器有载调压方法

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DE2104075B2 (de) 1974-07-04
NO132566B (xx) 1975-08-18
FR2124921A5 (xx) 1972-09-22
SE376998B (xx) 1975-06-16
DE2104075A1 (de) 1972-08-03
NO132566C (xx) 1975-11-26
AT315970B (de) 1974-06-25

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