US3708135A - Power driven platen for tape cartridges - Google Patents

Power driven platen for tape cartridges Download PDF

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Publication number
US3708135A
US3708135A US00112718A US3708135DA US3708135A US 3708135 A US3708135 A US 3708135A US 00112718 A US00112718 A US 00112718A US 3708135D A US3708135D A US 3708135DA US 3708135 A US3708135 A US 3708135A
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United States
Prior art keywords
platen
tape
pressure roller
cartridge
clutch
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US00112718A
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English (en)
Inventor
M Lace
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Motorola Solutions Inc
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Motorola Inc
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Publication date
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H20/00—Advancing webs
    • B65H20/26—Mechanisms for advancing webs to or from the inside of web rolls

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT The platen of a continuous loop tape cartridge is driven by means of a drive belt from the pressure roller of the tape cartridge and is caused to rotate at a hub speed which is approximately 0.9 to 0.98 times the speed of the tape being pulled from the inner loop of the continuous tape loop.
  • the pressure roller is pivotally mounted in a slat and spring-biased to engage an edge of the capstan receiving opening in the cartridge when the cartridge is removed from the tape recorder/reproducer to lock the: tape and pressure roller against movement.
  • a one-way clutch clutches the platen for drive by the pressure roller and permits free movement of the platen for temporary withdrawal of tape from the cartridge when the platen is overdriven.
  • FIG. 6 FIG. 7
  • the tape in the cartridge is in the form of a continuous loop, with the tape passing from the inside of the loop over a pressure roller located within the cartridge back to the outside of the loop. Movement of the tape through the cartridge is effected by engagement of the pressure roller with a driving capstan in the recorder/reproducer, the tape being positioned between the capstan and the pressure roller.
  • the platen on which the tape is placed is mounted for free rotation within the cartridge and rotates at a hub velocity which is approximately 0.85 of the velocity at which the tape is pulled from the inside of the loop.
  • a free loop of tape When movement of the tape through the cartridge is initiated, a free loop of tape generally is formed within the cartridge which is provided with an empty space therein in order to accommodate this free loop.
  • the free loop is caused because of inertia in initiating rotation of the platen, and this condition may be aggravated if the surfaces between the cartridge and the platen are sticky or otherwise have increased friction. If the free loop becomes sufficiently large, tangling or twisting of the tape may result, causing a failure of operation of the cartridge. Since these cartridges are often used in automobiles, the formation of undesirable free loops of tape in the cartridge also is caused by rotation of the platen resulting from vibration of the cartridge when it is not in the recorder/reproducer but is being carried in the automobile. Y
  • the platen for supporting a continuous loop of tape in a continuous loop tape cartridge is provided with a drive means for driving a platen at a predetermined rate of speed with respect to the rate of speed at which the pressure roller is driven by the capstan of a recorder/reproducer device.
  • This positive drive of the tape platen provides a uniform tension on the tape being pulled from the endless tape loop; and by properly adjusting the speed at. which the platen is rotated, the tension may be reduced over the tension presently found in standard tape cartridges.
  • the driving of the platen insures that no free loop of tape is formed when the cartridge initially is driven by the capstan, thereby enabling the cartridge to be reduced in overall external dimensions, since the space formerly required to accommodate such a free loop no longer is necessary.
  • a gravitationally engaged one-way clutch couples the platen to the drive means in the play mode and uncouples the platen from the drive means when the platen is overdriven. Consequently, when a free loop of tape is withdrawn from the cartridge the uncoupled platen, which has relatively free movement in comparison to its coupled state, will rapidly take up the free loop.
  • FIG. 1 is a front elevation view showing a tape player apparatus of the type with which the cartridge of a preferred embodiment of this invention may be util ized;
  • FIG. 2 is a partially cut-away top plan view of a cartridge, in accordance with a preferred embodiment of this invention, inserted into a tape player of the type shown in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a partially cut-away :side view of the car tridge shown in FIG. 2',
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 show details of a feature of a portion of the cartridge shown in FIGS. 2 and 3;
  • FIGS. 6 and 7 are directed to details of a gravitationally engaged one-way clutch used in conjunction with the cartridge shown in FIGS. .2 and 3;
  • FIGS. 8 and 9 are partially cut-away side views of a cartridge showing a double layer spring clutch and a simple spring clutch respectively;
  • FIG. 10 shows a cutaway view of a slot for securing a single spring clutch
  • FIGS. 11 and 12 are top plan and side elevation view respectively showing a molded projection'for securing a single spring clutch.
  • FIG. 1 shows a tape player apparatus which is adaptedto receive and play standard tape cartridges or tape cartridges in accordance with a preferred embodiment of this invention, such as the cartridge 13 shown in FIG. 2.
  • These cartridges may have multi-track tapes therein, with the tape being positioned to cause the cartridge pressure roller to be engaged by a capstan shaft 14 to drive the tape through the cartridge 13.
  • An electric motor 16 drives a pulley 17 which is connected through a belt 18 to the capstan flywheel 19 which in turn causes rotation of the capstan 14.
  • a magnetic tape reproducing or transducer head 20 is positioned by a cam follower 22 which rides on a cam 24 having a plurality of cam surfaces thereon. Whenever one of the plurality of sets of tracks of the tape is completed, a conductive strip on the tape bridges a pair of contacts 27 to energize a solenoid 29, which in turn causes the cam 24 to be rotated to present a different cam surface to the cam follower 22. This repositions the head 20 to cause the player to reproduce a different set of tracks on the tape.
  • This portion of the tape player shown in the drawing is conventional and is described so that the cooperation of the tape player with the cartridge of a preferred embodiment of this invention may be more easily understood.
  • the tape player shown in FIG. 1 may be mounted on an automobile dashboard, and referring to FIG. 2, there is shown a dashboard plate 30, having an opening therein for receiving cartridges, and to which a pair of side plates 31 and 32 of the tape player housing 15 are fastened by any suitable fastening device, such as by welding, screws or the like.
  • the side plates 31 and 32 of the tape player housing define side guiding channels for a tape cartridge 13 and a plate 33 (FIG. 1) forming the bottom of the tape player housing provides a lower guiding surface for a cartridge 13.
  • Located in the side plate 31 are a pair of rollers 36 and 37 for facilitating the entry and removal of a tape cartridge 13.
  • On the side plate 32 of the tape player there is mounted a cantilever spring 39 carrying an extension 40 at its unsupported end with a roller 41 being rotatably mounted on the extension 40. When the spring 39 is in 'its relaxed position, the roller 41 extends inwardly into the cartridge receiving cavity of the tape player through an opening in the side plate 32.
  • a pair of camming surfaces 43 and 44 on the forward end of the cartridge 13 serve to guide the cartridge into the cartridge receiving opening ofthe player.
  • the camming surface 44 further engages the roller 41, camming the roller out of the cartridge receiving cavity of the tape player against the action of the leaf spring 39.
  • the leaf spring 39 causes the roller 41 to engage a V-shaped notch 45 provided in the side of the cartridge 104.
  • the roller 41 pressing into the notch 45 under the urging of the spring 39, causes the cartridge to be forced into registry with the rollers 36 and 37 and further causes a pressure roller 47, located and rotatably mounted within the tape cartridge 13, to engage the capstan 14 through a slot or opening in the front surface of the cartridge 13.
  • FIG. 2 Two other openings are provided in the front surface of the cartridge 13 for receiving the transducer head 20 and the contacts 27.
  • the relative locations of these openings and of the portions of the tape player shown in FIG. 1 which cooperate with the corresponding portions of the cartridge are most clearly seen in FIG. 2.
  • the portions of the cartridge which thus far have been described are standard and may be found in conventional cartridges as well as in cartridges made in accordance with a preferred embodiment of this invention.
  • the tape which is to be recorded upon or reproduced by the transducer head 20 operating in conjunction with the remainder of the recording/reproducing mechanism is an endless roll or loop of tape which is placed on a platen 52 (most clearly seen in FIG. 3).
  • the tape 50 is pulled from the innermost loop and is guided in the cartridge shown in FIG. 2 substantially horizontally over the top of the roll by an upper flange 53 which is attached to and rotates with the platen 52.
  • the tape then passes over a 45 guide surface 54, around a guide post 55, past a tape guide 56 and the transducer head 20 to a further tape guide 57, with the tape between the guides 56 and 57 being resiliently urged into contact with the transducer head 20 by a foam pad 58, which causes the tape to be placed in firm engagement with the transducer head 20.
  • the foam pad 58 also urges the tape between the guide post and the guide 56 against the contacts 27, so that the contacts 27 may sense the conductive portions on the tape when they pass across the contacts.
  • the tape 50 then is wound over the pressure roller 47 between the pressure roller 47 and the capstan 14, with the capstan 14 rotating to impart lengthwise advancing motion of the tape 50 through the loop; and the tape is returned to the outermost diameter of the roll of tape on the platen 52, with the upper flange 53 again acting to guide the tape onto the roll.
  • the continuous tape roll is placed on a freely rotating platen which provides sufficient rotational friction with the lower surface of the cartridge 13 to maintain tension in the tape 50 being withdrawn from the roll, and the rotation of which aids in the winding up of the tape on the outside of the tape roll by imparting rotation to the tape roll.
  • the inertia and friction of such a platen results in a condition wherein the platen may not commence rotating immediately when tape withdrawn from the innermost convolution or loop of the roll when the cartridge initially is placed in playing engagement with a rotating capstan 14.
  • a free loop of tape is formed from the tape leaving the pressure roller 47; and conventional cartridges provide sufficient space to accommodate this free loop; so that entanglement of the tape does not result.
  • the relative size of a standard cartridge is indicated by the dotted line extension of the cartridge 13 at the bottom of FIG. 2. From a comparison of the solid line drawing of the cartridge 13 shown in FIG. 2, and the dotted line extension, it may be seen that the cartridge 13 made in accordance with a preferred embodiment of this invention is approximately one-half the size of the standard cartridge. This permits substantial savings in the space required for the storage of the cartridges, in addition to the other benefits which will become apparent in the ensuing description. Of course, these benefits also may be realized in a standard-size cartridge, if desired.
  • a pulley 60 is mounted on the shaft of the pressure roller 47 for rotation with the pressure roller 47.
  • the pulley 60 is connected through a drive belt 61 to the drive pulley 70 of a oneway clutch 62 which engages the platen 52 to cause rotation of the platen 52 along with the clutch drive pulley 70 about a platen support post 66 whenever the pressure roller 47 rotates.
  • the drive ratio imparted to the platen 52 is such that the inner hub 64 forming the inner diameter of the tape roll which supports the upper flange 53 is rotated at a speed which is 0.9 to 0.98 times the speed of the tape being pulled from the inside of the tape roll.
  • This ratio insures that the tape platen 52 does not feed tape from the tape roll, which would cause an undesirable formation of a free loop at the left hand side of the guide post 54 (as viewed in FIG. 2).
  • the platen hub 64 to rotate at a speed which is close to the speed at which the tape is withdrawn from the roll, the tape is always pulled under the same uniform, slight tension from the roll whenever the pressure roller 47 is being driven by the capstan 14.
  • the exact speed at which the hub 64 of the platen 52 is rotated may be adjusted in accordance with the amount of tape on the tape roll to provide for proper take-up of the tape on the roll.
  • the larger the roll the slower the speed which may be used for rotating the inner hub 64 of the platen 52.
  • the drive for the platen 52 is shown as being located at the bottom of the cartridge, a drive at the top could also be utilized, if so desired.
  • the bottom drive is preferable since it permits easier loading of the tape in the cartridge during the assembly process.
  • the one-way clutch 62 is employed, so that when a free loop of tape is formed in this manner, continual pulling of the tape from the platen 52 causes the platen 52 to freely rotate in a manner which is similar to the rotation of the platen in a conventional tape cartridge.
  • the clutch plates provide just sufficient friction between the rotating platen 52 and the stationary driving clutch plate of the clutch 62 to cause the desired speed of rotation of the platen for a rapid take-up of the tape loop.
  • continued withdrawal of the tape 50 by hand or some other means from the inside of the tape roll causes free rotation of the platen 52 in a conventional manner to enable relatively rapid take-up of the tape loop.
  • FIGS. 6 and 7 there are shown details of a type of gravitationally engaged one-way clutch which may be employed for the clutch 62.
  • FIG. 6 shows a top view of the driven clutch plate pulley 70 of the clutch 62 and illustrates the manner in which the upward extension of the pulley 70 surrounds the post 66.
  • the plate 70 is shown to have a series of sawtooth-shaped slots 71 each having a sloping surface on the left hand edge as viewed in FlG. 7 and having a vertical surface on the right hand edge.
  • a plurality of teeth 73 On the portion of the platen 52 overlying the upper surface of the pulley 70 are formed a plurality of teeth 73, of a mating or corresponding configuration of the slots 71.
  • the double layerspring clutch need not be secured to the platen 52 or to the pulley 70 and.
  • the pulley shaft 93 engages the inner layer 96 of the double layer'spring 93.
  • the spring is self-biased so that the outer layer 95 is forced away, or outwardly, from the axis of the coil of spring 93.
  • the outermost diameter of the layer 95 engages the inner wall of the patent 52.
  • Friction created between the inner layer 96 of the spring and the pulley shaft 92 and also between the outer layer 95 of the spring 93 and the inner wall of the platen 52, operates with the spring self-biasing to cause clutching.
  • the platen and pulley shaft move as a unit because of the clutching.
  • the double layer spring may be designed so that the inside spring layer unwinds to become larger as the platen speed changes relative to the pulley shaft.
  • another double layer spring design permits the outer spring layerto continue engaging the inner-wall of the platen while the inner spring layer unwinds i.e., increases in diameter, and disengages from the pulley shaft.
  • At least one end of the spring is provided with means for securing it to either the platen 52 or pulley and pulley shaft combination 70 and 92 respectively.
  • Two types of securing means that can be used, for instance, are a slot 98 in the pulley and pulley shaft combination as shown in FIG. 9 or a molded projection 97 on the pulley and pulley shaft combination as shown in FIG. 11.
  • the slot or molded projection may, however, be located on the platen instead.
  • the slot 98 is recessed in the top of the pulley. However, it is readily apparent the slot may also be located on the pulley shaft 92 at either end. When the platen is driven one end of the spring engages the deepest portion of the slot and is prevented from moving freely in the direction of the abutment 103 of the slot 98 as shown in FIG. 10.
  • FIGS. 11 and 12 show a molded projection 97 which operates in much the same fashion as the slot of FIGS.
  • the projection 97 may be mounted on the pulley 70 or pulley shaft 9 2.In this embodiment it is on the shaft. During the play mode it engages the spring and pushes it around the platen support post 66.
  • the projection has a helical face 99, the pitch of which is substantially equal to the pitch of the spring 94.
  • the spring 94 engages the projection at the abutment 100.
  • the final face 101 of the projection is arcuate as shown in FIG. 11.
  • the faster speed of the platen decreases the frictional force which operated during clutching and the spring starts to wind itself up.
  • the diameter of the coil becomes smaller, and the friction consequently decreases to a minimum level, such that the platen is no longer driven by the pulley shaft, but begins to operate relatively freely therefrom.
  • the single spring utilized When the slot, or projection, for securing the spring, is located on the platen, the single spring utilized must be designed differently from the one utilized in the above described embodiment. It must bias inwardly toward the axis of the pulley shaft rather than outwardly.
  • the pressure roller 47 is pivotally mounted on a shaft at its lower end in a depression 81 formed in the lower wall 67 of the cartridge 12 (as best seen in FIGS. 3 and 4).
  • the upper end of the shaft 80 extends through a slot 82 in the upper wall 68 (best seen in FIG. 5), with the slot 82 extending at an angle approximately 45 with respect to the front surface of the cartridge 13.
  • the capstan l4 pushes the pressure roller 47 into a position with the shaft 80 pressed against the rear portion of the slot 82 as viewed in FIG. 5.
  • a leaf spring 84 cantilevered from a post 85 attached to the upper wall 68, urges the upper end of the shaft 80 toward the front end of the slot 82 as viewed in FIG. 5.
  • This causes the pressure roller 47 to move into the opening in the front of the cartridge which is provided for receiving the capstan 14.
  • the dimensions of this opening are chosen so that the diagonal movement of the pressure roller 47 causes the pressure roller to engage the surface of the portion of the front housing defining the right hand edge of the capstan receiving opening as viewed in FIG. 5.
  • the urging of the spring 84 causes this to be a firm engagement and pinches the tape 50 between the pressure roller 47 and the surface 90, thereby locking the tape 50 against movement.
  • the movement of the pressure roller 47 into this opening is not extensive.
  • the surface 90 is not shown in FIG. 4, but the surface 91 forming the other edge of the capstan receiving opening is shown, and this surface 91 is in alignment with the surface 90 which is engaged by the pressure roller 47 as viewed in FIG. 5.
  • the spring 84 operating in conjunction with the movable pressure roller 47, provides a simple and efficient way of locking the tape 50 and the platen 52 (through the belt 61) against movement when the cartridge is being transported or stored.
  • the drive belt 61 may be in any of several forms, such as a bead chain, notched belt, O-ring, etc., as well as a conventional smooth pulley belt.
  • the particular form of belt used is unimportant.
  • a cartridge housing substantially enclosing the continuous tape loop
  • a platen rotatably mounted in the housing for supporting the tape loop
  • a pressure roller rotatably mounted in the housing and adapted to be engaged and driven by the capstan in a recorder/reproducer;
  • drive means including a mechanical drive linkage between the pressure roller and the platen for driving the platen at a predetermined rate of speed with respect to the speed at which the pressure roller is driven by said capstan;
  • the mechanical drive linkage includes a belt drive between the pressure roller and the platen, and wherein the platen has an upwardly extending hub defining the innermost diameter of the continuous loop of tape, with the predetermined rate of speed at which the platen is driven causing the hub to rotate at between 0.9 and 0.98 times the speed at which the tape is pulled from the continuous loop.
  • the combination according to claim 1 further including a braking surface in the cartridge housing; means for movably mounting the pressure roller in the cartridge housing; and means for biasing the pressure roller against the braking surface when the tape cartridge is removed from the recorder/reproducer, engagement of the pressure roller by the capstan in the recorder/reproducer releasing the pressure roller from engagement with the braking surface.
  • the cartridge housing has upper and lower walls, with a slot in the upper wall, -wherein. the pressure roller is mounted on a shaft which is pivotally mounted on the lower wall of the housing at one end, the other end of the shaft being placed in the slot in the upper wall of the housing, and wherein the biasing means is a spring means, engagement of the pressure roller by said capstan overcoming the spring means to move the shaft of the pressure roller within the slot to place the pressure roller in an operating position out of engagement with the braking surface.
  • the drive means includes a belt drive linkage between a first pulleydriven by said pressure roller and a second' pulley for driving said platen, and said clutch connecting said second pulley to said platen for moving the same as a unit.
  • a cartridge housing substantially enclosing the continuous tape loop
  • a platen rotatably mounted in the housing for supporting a tape loop
  • a pressure roller rotatably mounted in the housing and adapted to be engaged and driven by said'capstan in the recorder/reproducer;
  • said driving means including a belt drive linkage between a first pulley attached to said pressure roller and a second pulley connected by said clutch to rotatable mounting means for said platen;
  • said belt drive linkage, second pulley and clutch being attached to one of the top and bottom sides of said platen;
  • said belt drive linkage and first pulley being attached to the same one of said top and bottom sides of said pinch roller as said platen; and 7 said clutch comprising slots radiating from the axis of the rotatable mounting means and opening toward the platen, and teeth on the base of said platen to engage said slots, said slots and teeth engaging for clutching during positive drive of said driving means, and disengaging when said platen is driven faster than said driving means.

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US11271871A 1971-02-04 1971-02-04

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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3849798A (en) * 1971-10-08 1974-11-19 Pioneer Electronic Corp Cartridge adapter
US3942734A (en) * 1973-05-25 1976-03-09 Morley E Dean Tape cartridge
US4034925A (en) * 1975-03-31 1977-07-12 Motorola, Inc. Front drive cartridge-tape player system with fast forward and reverse modes
US4138700A (en) * 1975-06-23 1979-02-06 Module-Eight Corporation Container for using a miniaturized cartridge in an eight-track player
US4313144A (en) * 1978-11-16 1982-01-26 Waddington Anthony B Tape cassette having internal drive with speed adjustment
US4494703A (en) * 1981-05-13 1985-01-22 Hashimoto Corporation Endless tape cassette
US6409619B1 (en) * 1998-03-26 2002-06-25 Maillefer S.A. Arrangement in connection with belt drive device

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3849798A (en) * 1971-10-08 1974-11-19 Pioneer Electronic Corp Cartridge adapter
US3942734A (en) * 1973-05-25 1976-03-09 Morley E Dean Tape cartridge
US4034925A (en) * 1975-03-31 1977-07-12 Motorola, Inc. Front drive cartridge-tape player system with fast forward and reverse modes
US4138700A (en) * 1975-06-23 1979-02-06 Module-Eight Corporation Container for using a miniaturized cartridge in an eight-track player
US4313144A (en) * 1978-11-16 1982-01-26 Waddington Anthony B Tape cassette having internal drive with speed adjustment
US4494703A (en) * 1981-05-13 1985-01-22 Hashimoto Corporation Endless tape cassette
US6409619B1 (en) * 1998-03-26 2002-06-25 Maillefer S.A. Arrangement in connection with belt drive device

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Publication number Publication date
JPS5145314Y2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1976-11-02
JPS4855813U (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-07-17

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