US3704598A - Cryogenic cooling apparatus - Google Patents
Cryogenic cooling apparatus Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3704598A US3704598A US21601A US3704598DA US3704598A US 3704598 A US3704598 A US 3704598A US 21601 A US21601 A US 21601A US 3704598D A US3704598D A US 3704598DA US 3704598 A US3704598 A US 3704598A
- Authority
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- United States
- Prior art keywords
- bellows
- valve
- heat exchanger
- refrigerant
- pressure
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011236 particulate material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021028 berry Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010974 bronze Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
- F25J1/0257—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines
- F25J1/0275—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines adapted for special use of the liquefaction unit, e.g. portable or transportable devices
- F25J1/0276—Laboratory or other miniature devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
- F25B9/02—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point using Joule-Thompson effect; using vortex effect
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2309/00—Gas cycle refrigeration machines
- F25B2309/02—Gas cycle refrigeration machines using the Joule-Thompson effect
- F25B2309/022—Gas cycle refrigeration machines using the Joule-Thompson effect characterised by the expansion element
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
- F25J2290/42—Modularity, pre-fabrication of modules, assembling and erection, horizontal layout, i.e. plot plan, and vertical arrangement of parts of the cryogenic unit, e.g. of the cold box
Definitions
- the valve is situated outside the heat exchanger beyond its cold end and the bellows is outside the heat exchanger beyond its warm end, and is connected to the valve by a piston rod extending through the heat exchanger.
- cryogenic cooling apparatus including a generally tubular heat exchanger affording two paths through one of which refrigerant from a supply under pressure is supplied to a pressure reducing nozzle, whereupon the low pressure refrigerant returns through the other path, and a valve member cooperating with the nozzle to vary its effective area for automatically controlling the flow of refrigerant, and a movable wall, for example of a bellows, connected to the valve to actuate it.
- the invention is concerned with the provision of a particularly compact and slender apparatus.
- the valve is outside the heat exchanger beyond its cold end and the movable wall is outside the heat exchanger beyond its warm end, and is connected to' the valve by a piston rod extending through the heat exchanger.
- the cooling apparatus may otherwise be generally as described in US. Pat. No. 3,517,525.
- FIG. 1 is a sectional elevation of a coding apparatus working on the Joule Thomson principle
- FIG. 2 is a sectional under plan view.
- the cooling apparatus as in the U.S. Patent referred to above, is of elongated form, and it will be described in the position in which it would normally be used with its axis vertical and its cold end at the bottom.
- the apparatus includes a tubular heat exchanger comprising an inner tubular body around which is helically wound a finned inlet tube 11 forming the inlet path of the heat exchanger.
- the lower end of the Dewar flask is closed to provide within it a reservoir in which the liquid working fluid can accummulate.
- a load to be cooled such as an infra-red radiation detector 15, is formed on or secured to the outer face of the inner wall 12 of the Dewar flask.
- an upper body 16 Secured to the end of the tubular body 10 is an upper body 16 the lower part of which affords a bellows chamber 17 and the upper part affords an inlet coupling 18.
- the upper end of the helical finned tube 11 communicates with the interior of the upper part of the upper body 16 to which gaseous refrigerant, such as nitrogen under pressure, is supplied at a temperature below its inversion temperature.
- the inner tubular body carries a seating member 20 in the form of a generally cylindrical hollow body 26 having at its upper end a crescent section plug 21 projecting from it eccentrically into the lower end of the tubular body 10 to which it is secured as by welding.
- the lower end of the finned tube 11 entcrs the seating member through one side and the latter contains a filter 22 through which the gas passes from the inlet tube 11 to an expansion orifice 25 formed in the bottom of the seating member 20.
- the effective area of the expansion orifice is arranged to be controlled by means of a needle valve 30 which is itself controlled by a bellows 31, situated within the bellows chamber 17 referred to above, through a depending part-tubular or C-section member 32 that will be referred to as a piston rod.
- a needle valve 30 which is itself controlled by a bellows 31, situated within the bellows chamber 17 referred to above, through a depending part-tubular or C-section member 32 that will be referred to as a piston rod.
- Welded to the lower end of the piston rod, near one edge, is the upper end of a straight rod 33 which in turn is welded at its lower end to a hooked rod 34, of which the lower end passes through and is welded to a block 35 into which the valve member 30 is adjustably screwed.
- the upper end of the hooked rod 34 projects laterally into a slot formed in the lug 21 of the seating member so as to form a stop to limit downward movement of the valve and the needle valve 30 itself is adjusted so that in this lowermost position it just projects into the orifice 25 so as to center itself as it is raised to close the expansion nozzle.
- a sensor tube 40 of which the lower end forms a sensor, extends the whole length of the heat exchanger within its inner tubular body alongside the hollow piston rod. At its upper end it passes through the bottom member of the bellows chamber 16 so that its interior communicates with the space round the bellows.
- the sensor tube extends down past the valve and has its lower end portion squashed flat to form an extended heat conducting tail 41.
- the sensor tube, and the space outside the bellows inside the bellows chamber, are filled with liquid and vapor in equilibrium of a suitable material, which may or may not be the same as the refrigerant.
- the seating member 20 also carries, secured to it as by welding, a cylindrical shield surrounding the valve so that refrigerant issuing from the expansion nozzle cannot impinge directly on the sensor tube 40.
- valve is actuated by a bellows situated within the heat exchanger (as in the US. Patent referred to above) it may be practicable to reduce the external diameter of the heat exchanger, that is to say the internal diameter of the Dewar flask, to about 7% millimeters, but for certain applications this is still excessive, and a diameter of some 5 millimeters is required.
- the bellows instead of being inside the heat exchanger, is located co-axially with it beyond its warm end, and can be of considerably greater diameter than the heat exchanger.
- Means are provided for damping oscillations of the valve.
- the piston rod carries a chamber 50 secured within it as by welding and substantially filled with a loose particulate material '51 such as small phosphor bronze balls or tungsten carbide powder.
- the cavity is filled as full as possible so as to obtain the maximum possible mass, but so that the filling is not'packed but is free to move of its own accord.
- any oscillation should tend to occur the particulate mass can vibrate within the cavity out of phase with the hollow piston rod and thus damp out vibration.
- damping means employs space that would otherwise not be required and so adds nothing to the bulk of the apparatus.
- the sensor tube 40 may be filled with any convenient volatile liquid in equilibrium with its vapor.
- any convenient volatile liquid in equilibrium with its vapor Preferably however, in accordance with the invention set forth in the present applicants co-pending U.S. application Ser. No. 21,603, filed Mar. 23, 1970.
- the bellows is designed and placed so that when the 7 pressure is the same inside and outside it contracts enough to open the valve to give a fail-open effect.
- a material is then chosen to fill the bellows chamber which has a subatmospheric vapor pressure in the prevailing temperature range, which in the case of nitrogen as the refrigerant, might be about 85 to 110 K.
- a suitable sensor material would be methane.
- the pressure outside the bellows in the bellows chamber will be lower than the pressure in the remainder of the apparatus and hence inside the bellows, the valve being adjusted so that the resilience of the bellows tends to open it.
- any leakage should occur and destroy the suction round the outside of the bellows the valve will fail open and cooling will continue. In other words in the event of such a failure the cooler will continue to function, although naturally the supply of refrigerant will be exhausted more rapidly than if it were functioning correctly.
- the size of the bellows is not limited to that of the Dewar flask, a point of particular importance where the valve is operated by suction.
- pressure reducing valve means mounted within said housing for regulating the flow of a refrigerant to said cooling chamber
- said heat exchanger including a first path for conveying said refrigerant to said valve means from a supply source and a second path for conveying refrigerant under reduced pressure, and
- said pressure regulating means includes a chamber anda bellows mounted therein, and said connecting means is a mechanical linkage mounted to said bellows and said valve means.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Clinical Laboratory Science (AREA)
Abstract
Cryogenic cooling apparatus includes a generally tubular heat exchanger affording two paths through one of which refrigerant from a supply under pressure is supplied to a pressure reducing nozzle, whereupon the low pressure refrigerant returns through the other path, a valve member co-operating with the nozzle to vary its effective area for automatically controlling the flow of refrigerant, and a bellows, connected to the valve to actuate it. To provide a compact construction without unduly reducing the size of the bellows the valve is situated outside the heat exchanger beyond its cold end and the bellows is outside the heat exchanger beyond its warm end, and is connected to the valve by a piston rod extending through the heat exchanger.
Description
United States Patent Campbell et al.
[is] r 3,704,598
[ 51 Dec. 5,1972
[54] CRYOGENIC COOLING APPARATUS [72] Inventors: David Neil Campbell, Alcester; Frank Arnold Turton, Cofton, both of England [73] Assignee: The l-lymatic Engineering Company, Redditch, England [22] Filed: March 23, 1970 [21] Appl. No.: 21,601
[30] Foreign Application Priority Data March 25, 1969 Great Britain ..l5,606/69 April 15, 1969 Great Britain ..l9,l8l/69 [52] US. Cl. ..62/514 [51] Int. Cl ..F25b 19/00 [58] Field of Search ..62/514 [56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 3,517,525 6/1970 Campbell ..'...62/5l4 3,320,755 5/1967 Jepson ..62/514 3,457,730 7/1969 Berry ..62/514 Primary Examiner-Meyer Perlin Attorney-Watson, Cole, Grindle & Watson ABSTRACT Cryogenic cooling apparatus includes a generally tubular heat exchanger affording two paths through one of which refrigerant from a supply under pressure is supplied to a pressure reducing nozzle, whereupon the low pressure refrigerant returns through the other path, a valve member co-operating with the noule to vary its efi'ective area for automatically controlling the flow of refrigerant, and a bellows, connected to the valve to actuate it. To provide a compact construction without unduly reducing the size of the bellows the valve is situated outside the heat exchanger beyond its cold end and the bellows is outside the heat exchanger beyond its warm end, and is connected to the valve by a piston rod extending through the heat exchanger.
2 Clains, 2 Drawing Figures CRYOGENIC COOLING APPARATUS This invention relates to cryogenic cooling apparatus including a generally tubular heat exchanger affording two paths through one of which refrigerant from a supply under pressure is supplied to a pressure reducing nozzle, whereupon the low pressure refrigerant returns through the other path, and a valve member cooperating with the nozzle to vary its effective area for automatically controlling the flow of refrigerant, and a movable wall, for example of a bellows, connected to the valve to actuate it.
The invention is concerned with the provision of a particularly compact and slender apparatus.
According to the present invention the valve is outside the heat exchanger beyond its cold end and the movable wall is outside the heat exchanger beyond its warm end, and is connected to' the valve by a piston rod extending through the heat exchanger.
The cooling apparatus may otherwise be generally as described in US. Pat. No. 3,517,525.
The invention may be put into practice in various ways but one specific embodiment will be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a sectional elevation of a coding apparatus working on the Joule Thomson principle, and
- FIG. 2 is a sectional under plan view.
In the embodiment shown the cooling apparatus, as in the U.S. Patent referred to above, is of elongated form, and it will be described in the position in which it would normally be used with its axis vertical and its cold end at the bottom.
The apparatus includes a tubular heat exchanger comprising an inner tubular body around which is helically wound a finned inlet tube 11 forming the inlet path of the heat exchanger. An external co-axial tube 12, formed in this case by the inner wall of a Dewar flask having an outer wall 13, is located round the finned coil 11 and the space between the inner body and the external tube provides the second or exhaust path of the heat exchanger for exhaust gas flowing past the fins to cool the incoming high-pressure refrigerant within the helically coiled tube forming the inlet path. The lower end of the Dewar flask is closed to provide within it a reservoir in which the liquid working fluid can accummulate. A load to be cooled, such as an infra-red radiation detector 15, is formed on or secured to the outer face of the inner wall 12 of the Dewar flask.
Secured to the end of the tubular body 10 is an upper body 16 the lower part of which affords a bellows chamber 17 and the upper part affords an inlet coupling 18. The upper end of the helical finned tube 11 communicates with the interior of the upper part of the upper body 16 to which gaseous refrigerant, such as nitrogen under pressure, is supplied at a temperature below its inversion temperature.
At its lower end the inner tubular body carries a seating member 20 in the form of a generally cylindrical hollow body 26 having at its upper end a crescent section plug 21 projecting from it eccentrically into the lower end of the tubular body 10 to which it is secured as by welding. The lower end of the finned tube 11 entcrs the seating member through one side and the latter contains a filter 22 through which the gas passes from the inlet tube 11 to an expansion orifice 25 formed in the bottom of the seating member 20.
The effective area of the expansion orifice is arranged to be controlled by means of a needle valve 30 which is itself controlled by a bellows 31, situated within the bellows chamber 17 referred to above, through a depending part-tubular or C-section member 32 that will be referred to as a piston rod. Welded to the lower end of the piston rod, near one edge, is the upper end of a straight rod 33 which in turn is welded at its lower end to a hooked rod 34, of which the lower end passes through and is welded to a block 35 into which the valve member 30 is adjustably screwed. The upper end of the hooked rod 34 projects laterally into a slot formed in the lug 21 of the seating member so as to form a stop to limit downward movement of the valve and the needle valve 30 itself is adjusted so that in this lowermost position it just projects into the orifice 25 so as to center itself as it is raised to close the expansion nozzle.
The upper end of the piston rod 32 is secured to the closed upper end of the bellows 31 and the lower end of the latter is secured to the lower part of the bellows chamber 16. Accordingly if the pressure in the bellows chamber outside the bellows should fall, the bellows will expand, raising the piston rod and causing the valve 30 to enter further into the expansion nozzle so as to reduce its effective area and finally cut off flow through A sensor tube 40, of which the lower end forms a sensor, extends the whole length of the heat exchanger within its inner tubular body alongside the hollow piston rod. At its upper end it passes through the bottom member of the bellows chamber 16 so that its interior communicates with the space round the bellows. The sensor tube extends down past the valve and has its lower end portion squashed flat to form an extended heat conducting tail 41. The sensor tube, and the space outside the bellows inside the bellows chamber, are filled with liquid and vapor in equilibrium of a suitable material, which may or may not be the same as the refrigerant.
Thus, in operation, as described in the US. Patent referred to above, as the liquid refrigerant collects in the outer vessel and the level of the pool of liquid gradually rises, progressively immersing the extended tail of the sensor, the temperature of the sensor tube progressively falls, the pressure applied to the outside of the bellows falls correspondingly, and the bellows expands, raising the hollow piston rod and causing the needle valve to progressively close the expansion orifice so as to reduce the flow of refrigerant.
The seating member 20 also carries, secured to it as by welding, a cylindrical shield surrounding the valve so that refrigerant issuing from the expansion nozzle cannot impinge directly on the sensor tube 40.
The arrangement described is suitable for applications where a construction of particular compactness and slenderness is required. Thus where the valve is actuated by a bellows situated within the heat exchanger (as in the US. Patent referred to above) it may be practicable to reduce the external diameter of the heat exchanger, that is to say the internal diameter of the Dewar flask, to about 7% millimeters, but for certain applications this is still excessive, and a diameter of some 5 millimeters is required. This is'achieved in accordance with the present invention in which the bellows, instead of being inside the heat exchanger, is located co-axially with it beyond its warm end, and can be of considerably greater diameter than the heat exchanger.
Means are provided for damping oscillations of the valve. Thus under certain circumstances it has been found that objectionable oscillations of the valve can occur due to the spring-mass combination of the bellows assembly oscillating under the excitation of the flow issuing from the expansion nozzle. In order 'to prevent such oscillations the piston rod carries a chamber 50 secured within it as by welding and substantially filled with a loose particulate material '51 such as small phosphor bronze balls or tungsten carbide powder. The cavity is filled as full as possible so as to obtain the maximum possible mass, but so that the filling is not'packed but is free to move of its own accord. Thus if any oscillation should tend to occur the particulate mass can vibrate within the cavity out of phase with the hollow piston rod and thus damp out vibration.
Since it may not be easy to meter a small quantity of particulate material into such a minute cavity, it may be convenient to pelletize the material, using a binder such as solid carbon dioxide or ice, which is subsequently removed by evaporation.
It will be appreciated that the damping means employs space that would otherwise not be required and so adds nothing to the bulk of the apparatus.
The sensor tube 40 may be filled with any convenient volatile liquid in equilibrium with its vapor. Preferably however, in accordance with the invention set forth in the present applicants co-pending U.S. application Ser. No. 21,603, filed Mar. 23, 1970.
The bellows is designed and placed so that when the 7 pressure is the same inside and outside it contracts enough to open the valve to give a fail-open effect. A material is then chosen to fill the bellows chamber which has a subatmospheric vapor pressure in the prevailing temperature range, which in the case of nitrogen as the refrigerant, might be about 85 to 110 K. Thus a suitable sensor material would be methane. Thus the pressure outside the bellows in the bellows chamber will be lower than the pressure in the remainder of the apparatus and hence inside the bellows, the valve being adjusted so that the resilience of the bellows tends to open it. In these circumstances if any leakage should occur and destroy the suction round the outside of the bellows the valve will fail open and cooling will continue. In other words in the event of such a failure the cooler will continue to function, although naturally the supply of refrigerant will be exhausted more rapidly than if it were functioning correctly.
As indicated above the arrangement having the be]- lows outside the heat exchanger'has theadvantage that the size of the bellows is not limited to that of the Dewar flask, a point of particular importance where the valve is operated by suction.
It will be appreciated that the invention is not limited to the embodiment described by way of example and may be applied to a wide variety of constructions, for example those described in the prior specifications referred to aboye.
What we claim as our invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:
l. Cryogenic cooling apparatus, comprising;
an insulating housing,
a heat exchanger mounted within said housing,
a cooling chamber formed at an extremity of said housing,
pressure regulating means mounted externally to said housing at an extremity thereof opposite said cooling chamber,
pressure reducing valve means mounted within said housing for regulating the flow of a refrigerant to said cooling chamber,
said heat exchanger including a first path for conveying said refrigerant to said valve means from a supply source and a second path for conveying refrigerant under reduced pressure, and
means connecting said pressure regulating means to said valve means to vary the opening of said valve means for automatically controlling the flow of refrigerant to said cooling chamber in accordance with the pressure within said pressure regulating means.
2. Apparatus as in claim 1 wherein said pressure regulating means includes a chamber anda bellows mounted therein, and said connecting means is a mechanical linkage mounted to said bellows and said valve means.
Claims (2)
1. Cryogenic cooling apparatus, comprising; an insulating housing, a heat exchanger mounted within said housing, a cooling chamber formed at an extremity of said housing, pressure regulating means mounted externally to said housing at an extremity thereof opposite said cooling chamber, pressure reducing valve means mounted within said housing for regulating the flow of a refrigerant to said cooling chamber, said heat exchanger including a first path for conveying said refrigerant to said valve means from a supply source and a second path for conveying refrigerant under reduced pressure, and means connectIng said pressure regulating means to said valve means to vary the opening of said valve means for automatically controlling the flow of refrigerant to said cooling chamber in accordance with the pressure within said pressure regulating means.
2. Apparatus as in claim 1 wherein said pressure regulating means includes a chamber and a bellows mounted therein, and said connecting means is a mechanical linkage mounted to said bellows and said valve means.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB1560669 | 1969-03-25 | ||
GB1918169 | 1969-04-15 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3704598A true US3704598A (en) | 1972-12-05 |
Family
ID=26251426
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US21601A Expired - Lifetime US3704598A (en) | 1969-03-25 | 1970-03-23 | Cryogenic cooling apparatus |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3704598A (en) |
DE (1) | DE2014461A1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2039955A5 (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3818720A (en) * | 1973-09-06 | 1974-06-25 | Hymatic Eng Co Ltd | Cryogenic cooling apparatus |
US3827252A (en) * | 1972-03-23 | 1974-08-06 | Air Liquide | Method of regulation of the frigorific power of a joule-thomson refrigerator and a refrigerator utilizing said method |
US4373357A (en) * | 1980-10-10 | 1983-02-15 | The Hymatic Engineering Company Limited | Cryogenic cooling apparatus |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2645256B1 (en) * | 1989-03-15 | 1994-12-23 | Air Liquide | JOULE-THOMSON DUAL FLOW COOLER |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3320755A (en) * | 1965-11-08 | 1967-05-23 | Air Prod & Chem | Cryogenic refrigeration system |
US3457730A (en) * | 1967-10-02 | 1969-07-29 | Hughes Aircraft Co | Throttling valve employing the joule-thomson effect |
US3517525A (en) * | 1967-06-28 | 1970-06-30 | Hymatic Eng Co Ltd | Cooling apparatus employing the joule-thomson effect |
-
1970
- 1970-03-23 US US21601A patent/US3704598A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1970-03-25 DE DE19702014461 patent/DE2014461A1/en active Pending
- 1970-03-25 FR FR7010696A patent/FR2039955A5/fr not_active Expired
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3320755A (en) * | 1965-11-08 | 1967-05-23 | Air Prod & Chem | Cryogenic refrigeration system |
US3517525A (en) * | 1967-06-28 | 1970-06-30 | Hymatic Eng Co Ltd | Cooling apparatus employing the joule-thomson effect |
US3457730A (en) * | 1967-10-02 | 1969-07-29 | Hughes Aircraft Co | Throttling valve employing the joule-thomson effect |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3827252A (en) * | 1972-03-23 | 1974-08-06 | Air Liquide | Method of regulation of the frigorific power of a joule-thomson refrigerator and a refrigerator utilizing said method |
US3818720A (en) * | 1973-09-06 | 1974-06-25 | Hymatic Eng Co Ltd | Cryogenic cooling apparatus |
US4373357A (en) * | 1980-10-10 | 1983-02-15 | The Hymatic Engineering Company Limited | Cryogenic cooling apparatus |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE2014461A1 (en) | 1970-10-15 |
FR2039955A5 (en) | 1971-01-15 |
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