US3703853A - Compact fluid actuator and method of making it - Google Patents

Compact fluid actuator and method of making it Download PDF

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Publication number
US3703853A
US3703853A US98775A US3703853DA US3703853A US 3703853 A US3703853 A US 3703853A US 98775 A US98775 A US 98775A US 3703853D A US3703853D A US 3703853DA US 3703853 A US3703853 A US 3703853A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
membrane
recessed section
fluid
core member
actuator
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US98775A
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English (en)
Inventor
Donald J Steger
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International Business Machines Corp
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International Business Machines Corp
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Publication date
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
    • F15B15/08—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit
    • F15B15/10—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit the motor being of diaphragm type

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT [52] US. Cl ..92/92, 92/91
  • a compact fluid powered actuator is constructed f [51] Int. Cl ..Folb 19/00 a flexible tube assembled over a rigid core
  • the actua [58] Fleld of Search ..92/91, 92 tor incudes an expansible chamber formed between the tube and the core.
  • the chamber is bounded by [56] References and naturally efficient and lowly stressed seals at the ends UNITED STATES PATENTS of the tube which tightly match the periphery of the core.
  • pistons and diaphragms have long been employed as expansible chamber actuators for converting pneumatic or hydraulic energy into an output force.
  • a typical limitation on the use of actuators has been the cost and complexity of overcoming, or of living with, the problems of fluid sealing and in the case of a be]- lows or diaphragm, fracture of a flexible member.
  • the bellows provides the greatest simplicity since it can be manufactured somewhat as a single member.
  • the traditional bellows includes a plurality of so-called accordion pleats which enable a significant output stroke.
  • the apex of each pleat has a small radius bend which is subject to failure upon repeated stressing.
  • the bellows device while mechanically simple due to its potential one piece construction, is rather complex from a manufacturing viewpoint particularly where small size bellows are concerned.
  • the uniformity of wall thickness will determine the reliability of the bellows over a long period of time.
  • My invention employs the readily manufacturable shapes of a rigid cylinder and a flexible tube to minimize the sealing and flexure problem of an expansible chamber in a simple and highly effective manner.
  • a tube press-fit over a cylinder of substantially equal periphery forms a natural or inherent seal which can be easily supplemented by a heat bond if desired.
  • the reaction and support functions necessary to the actuator are compactly provided by the internal rigid core which lends itself to a simple snap-in frame mounting like that common to some fuses of similar shape. While the construction of the tube can be varied to some extent, I prefer to employ a relatively non-elastic material that is pre-formed into a bulge or extended surface portion defining the expansible chamber.
  • Actuation of the device thus involves only flexural deformation rather than any significant amount of stretching. Due to the surrounding relationship of the tube with the cylindrical core, it is possible to restrict flexure to relatively large radii of curvature and thereby minimize the tendency for local failure that limits the potential success of a bellows type device.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a fluid actuator constructed in accordance with my invention
  • FIG. 3 is a lateral or end cross-sectional view of the actuator shown in FIG. 1 taken along lines III III thereof;
  • FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the cylindrical core component of the actuator shown in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the tubular component of the actuator shown in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 6 is a somewhat schematic view showing a method of making the cylindrical core component of an actuator in accordance with my invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing a preferred method of forming the tubular component after assembly with the core component in accordance with my invention
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic manufacturing view showing the separation of a plurality of simultaneously formed devices into individual devices.
  • FIGS. 1, 2, and 3 there is shown a compact fluid powered actuator or device 10 comprising a substantially rigid elongated core member 20 that is best seen in FIG. 4.
  • Core member 20 is surrounded by a flexible relatively non-elastic, fluid impervious.
  • tubular membrane or tube 30 that is best seen in FIG. 5.
  • the tube 30 has a tubular axis 35 which is aligned with the axis 29 of the core member 20 when the two are assembled.
  • the tube 30 includes an extended surface on bulge portion 31 that overlies an intermediately positioned recessed section 21 of the core member 20 to form an inflatable or expansible chamber 32.
  • Fluid for inflating chamber 32 is supplied through a suitable conduit 1 l'within the core member 20.
  • the fluid is transmitted through an inlet 22 and a longitudinal bore 23 to an elongated channel portion 23a where it is applied internally to the tube 30 to cause inflation of the chamber 32. Due to the inelastic character of tube 30, bulge portion 31 defines a fixed maximum volume for chamber 32 when inflated as shown in broken lines in FIG. 2.
  • An output or reaction member 40 is movably supported by a pivot axis or shaft 41 connected to a mounting bracket 42. As shown in broken lines in FIG. 2, output member 40 is driven upwardly upon inflation of the chamber 32.
  • the mounting bracket 42 is secured to a frame part 43 by a screw 44 and includes a pair of spaced spring clip portions 45 for securely receiving the ends of the core member 20. It will be seen that upwardly turned portions 46 of the spring clip portions 45 will resiliently removably receive the core 20 in a manner similar to an elongated fuse mounting. Obviously other mounting devices can be employed with equal facility.
  • the core member 20 is essentially of oblong cylindrical lateral cross-sectional or peripherial configurationr This cross-section, which is substantially uniform at opposite end sections 24 that are enlarged with respect to the recessed section 21; provides a flattened configuration having opposed primary surface portions 25 that provide a relatively large area compared to the side or secondary surface portions 26.
  • the recessed section 21 has a longitudinal extent 27 that is long relative to the width 28 of the core member 20 thereby providing a relatively large potential surface area to lie in projection with the bulge portion 31 of the tube 30.
  • the tube 30, as shown in FIG. 5, has an internal periphery that is substantially equal to the external periphery of the core member end portions 24 to provide a tight fit therewith. It is preferable to employ a relatively non-elastic, but thermoplastic material in constructing the tube 30 to enable the molding of bulge 31 after the tube 30 has been mounted upon the core member 20. It will be recognized however that advantages remain even if an elastic membrane is employed without a pre-formed bulge 31.
  • the mold can contain heating devices 63 for bonding the tube 54 to the core sections 53.
  • the tubular membrane 54 is heated prior to insertion in the mold to a temperature where it is thermoplastic.
  • the membrane 54 is stretched by inflation through either the application of pressure to the bore 51 or by drawing a vacuum in the mold cavities 62.
  • the stressed membrane thus permanently stretches to a shape defined by the mold cavity surface 62 and when colled will remain in this configuration.
  • the molded assembly is divided into individual fluid devices 55 by a cutter 64 and later can be finally processed to the specific configuration desired as shown in FIG. 1 for example.
  • reaction member positioned adjacent said membrane at said recessed section for receiving displacement force from said membrane upon introduction of fluid to said chamber through to said fluid inlet
  • said membrane is made of a relatively non-elastic material and has, at the region thereof that overlies said recessed section, an extended surface portion defining an inflatable chamber having a predetermined fixed maximum volume.
  • An actuator defined in claim 1 further comprising a mounting bracket attachable to a frame and means on said mounting bracket for removably receiving at least one of said end sections of said core member for supporting said core member in a substantially fixed position.
  • a compact fluid powered actuator comprising:
  • a substantially rigid core member extending along a rectilinear axis of elongation and having an oblong lateral cross-sectional configuration providing a pair of opposed primary surface portions having a substantially greater area than the remaining secondary surface portions, said core member further having a recessed section formed in one of said primary surface portions intermediate a pair of relatively enlarged opposed end sections, said recessed section being of a longitudinal extent that is substantially greater than its lateral extent, said core member further having a bore that defines a fluid inlet extending through one of said end sections and intersecting said recessed section,
  • reaction member positioned adjacent said membrane at said recessed section for receiving displacement force from said membrane upon introduction of fluid to said fluid inlet

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Actuator (AREA)
US98775A 1970-12-16 1970-12-16 Compact fluid actuator and method of making it Expired - Lifetime US3703853A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US9877570A 1970-12-16 1970-12-16

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3703853A true US3703853A (en) 1972-11-28

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US98775A Expired - Lifetime US3703853A (en) 1970-12-16 1970-12-16 Compact fluid actuator and method of making it

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US3703853A (enExample)
JP (1) JPS5237156B1 (enExample)
DE (1) DE2161646A1 (enExample)
FR (1) FR2117856B1 (enExample)
GB (1) GB1309030A (enExample)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5626016A (en) * 1992-08-25 1997-05-06 Ind Sound Technologies Inc Water hammer driven vibrator having deformable vibrating elements

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3316064C2 (de) * 1982-05-08 1987-01-29 Stanztechnik Gmbh R + S, 6000 Frankfurt Pneumatische Antriebsvorrichtung zum Durchtrennen dünnwandiger Werkstücke

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2048771A (en) * 1933-05-02 1936-07-28 Baldwin Philip Sidney Hydraulic transmission
US2612909A (en) * 1946-11-23 1952-10-07 Goodrich Co B F Expander for brakes and clutches
US2676609A (en) * 1948-09-04 1954-04-27 Morris Machine Works Fluid pressure operated wear resistant slurry valve
US2991763A (en) * 1959-07-27 1961-07-11 Weatherhead Co Actuator
US3006306A (en) * 1956-02-07 1961-10-31 Gen Tire & Rubber Co Hydraulic press
US3016884A (en) * 1958-10-31 1962-01-16 Henry H Merriman Fluid expansion unit
US3048121A (en) * 1960-04-14 1962-08-07 John M Sheesley Hydraulic actuated pump
US3051143A (en) * 1961-04-19 1962-08-28 Michael J Nee Actuator
US3304386A (en) * 1964-06-25 1967-02-14 Jr Bernard Edward Shlesinger Multiple contact program system fluid pressure type

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2048771A (en) * 1933-05-02 1936-07-28 Baldwin Philip Sidney Hydraulic transmission
US2612909A (en) * 1946-11-23 1952-10-07 Goodrich Co B F Expander for brakes and clutches
US2676609A (en) * 1948-09-04 1954-04-27 Morris Machine Works Fluid pressure operated wear resistant slurry valve
US3006306A (en) * 1956-02-07 1961-10-31 Gen Tire & Rubber Co Hydraulic press
US3016884A (en) * 1958-10-31 1962-01-16 Henry H Merriman Fluid expansion unit
US2991763A (en) * 1959-07-27 1961-07-11 Weatherhead Co Actuator
US3048121A (en) * 1960-04-14 1962-08-07 John M Sheesley Hydraulic actuated pump
US3051143A (en) * 1961-04-19 1962-08-28 Michael J Nee Actuator
US3304386A (en) * 1964-06-25 1967-02-14 Jr Bernard Edward Shlesinger Multiple contact program system fluid pressure type

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5626016A (en) * 1992-08-25 1997-05-06 Ind Sound Technologies Inc Water hammer driven vibrator having deformable vibrating elements

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1309030A (en) 1973-03-07
JPS5237156B1 (enExample) 1977-09-20
FR2117856A1 (enExample) 1972-07-28
FR2117856B1 (enExample) 1975-04-18
DE2161646A1 (de) 1972-07-06

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