US3695757A - Xerographic plate - Google Patents

Xerographic plate Download PDF

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Publication number
US3695757A
US3695757A US11160A US3695757DA US3695757A US 3695757 A US3695757 A US 3695757A US 11160 A US11160 A US 11160A US 3695757D A US3695757D A US 3695757DA US 3695757 A US3695757 A US 3695757A
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United States
Prior art keywords
mandrel
sleeve
groove
flexible
tube
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Expired - Lifetime
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US11160A
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Paul M Gregory
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Xerox Corp
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Xerox Corp
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G15/00—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern
    • G03G15/75—Details relating to xerographic drum, band or plate, e.g. replacing, testing
    • G03G15/751—Details relating to xerographic drum, band or plate, e.g. replacing, testing relating to drum
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D39/00—Closures arranged within necks or pouring openings or in discharge apertures, e.g. stoppers
    • B65D39/08—Threaded or like closure members secured by rotation; Bushes therefor
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G5/00—Recording members for original recording by exposure, e.g. to light, to heat, to electrons; Manufacture thereof; Selection of materials therefor
    • G03G5/10—Bases for charge-receiving or other layers

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A xerographic plate including a mandrel and a photooonductive sleeve mounted thereon.
  • the mandrel has an inflatable tube mounted in a groove for securing the sleeve to the mandrel.
  • This invention relates to a cylindrical support for a sleeve.
  • One particular application is a cylindrical support for a sleeve having an outer surface of photoconductive material.
  • the xerographic plate In xerographic copying machines, the xerographic plate is often in the form of a drum.
  • the drum has a rigid cylindrical body mounted on an axial shaft, and a photoconductive insulating layer is overcoated on the base.
  • the layer has a conductive base, which may be provided by the drum body. This photoconductive layer is liable to damage and ageing effects, and the recoating of such drums is troublesome.
  • a cylindrical support for a sleeve wherein the periphery of the support can be altered from a contracted state to an expanded state
  • the support comprising a rigid cylinder whose outer surface is formed with at least one groove extending in a generally circumferential direction, and a hollow body whose shape depends on the difference of its internal and external pressure lying in the trough of the groove, the body being movable by change of in ternal pressure between a first state in which the body lies within the outer surface of the cylinder and a second state in which the body extends beyond the periphery of the rigid cylinder to expand the periphery of the support foundation for a sleeve on the cylinder.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a sleeve and a cylindrical support with its inflatable body removed.
  • FIG. 2 is an end view showing the clamped end of a tube.
  • FIG. 3 is a view of the opposite end to FIG. 2, showing a valve at the other end of the tube.
  • FIG. 4 is a sectional view through line 4-4 of FIG. 3 and FIG. 5 is a sectional view similar to that of FIG. 4 but showing a modified groove and tube.
  • the outer surface of a hollow metal cylinder or mandrel l l is fomied with a circular groove 12 which is five-sixteenths inches wide and three-sixteenths inches deep at each end, with a helical groove I3 running between the end grooves with a pitch of five-sixteenths inches and being three-sixteenths inches deep.
  • a rubber tube 21 is carried, shown in FIG. 4 but not shown in FIG. I.
  • the tube 21, when in a non-inflated condition, is substantially enclosed within the trough of the grooves provided so that the outer periphery of the tube is supported below the outer surface of the cylinder 11.
  • an internal flange 15 from which extend three spokes 16, supporting an axial bearing 17, so that the drum may be mounted on a shaft for rotation about its axis.
  • a flexible cylindrical sleeve 18 including a photoconductive insulating layer coated on a conducting layer is to be mounted on the drum.
  • the rubber tube normally does not protrude beyond the top of the groove, so that when the sleeve is made with an internal diameter slightly greater than the external diameter of the drum, the sleeve can easily be slipped over the drum.
  • the difference in diameter of the cylindrical shell and the inside of the sleeve is about 0.004 inches.
  • the sleeve is held in its required position on the drum, and air is introduced through the valve 14 into the tube so that the tube expands to extend above the periphery of the drum and to exert pressure on the inside of the sleeve to hold it in an accurate cylindrical shape on the drum to constitute the xerographic plate.
  • the air is released from the valve to deflate the tube.
  • the sleeve is grounded. This is achieved through a conductive member 20 such as a metal grounding wire bolted, clipped or otherwise secured between the conductive layer of the sleeve and the metal cylinder 11.
  • the cylinder is grounded through its supporting shaft in the conventional fashion.
  • the tube normally extends above the cylindrical surface of the drum, but can be contracted into the tube by reduction of the pressure within the tube.
  • the valve 14 normally acts to allow air out of the tube, the valve is connected to a source of reduced pressure in order to reduce the size of the tube to allow the sleeve to be placed in position and removed, and air is allowed back into the tube at normal atmospheric pressure to secure the sleeve on the drum.
  • a pressure differential of a few pounds per square inch is believed to be sufficient to change the shape of the tubes to secure and release the sleeve.
  • a length of tube of feet could be used on a 9 inch diameter drum.
  • the circular grooves 22 and the helical groove 23 could be rectangular in cross-section and the tube 24 could be rectangular. In such case it would be desirable to make the tube with thicker walls 25 at its bottom and sides than at the top 26 where it must expand to effect the holding of the sleeve.
  • a pump may be provided within the drum to force air into or out of the tube in accordance with any of the embodiments described above.
  • a plurality of tubes could be mounted in grooves in the cylinder.
  • the tubes could be connected together to receive the same pressure or different pressures could be applied to different tubes to achieve a desired expansion pattern.
  • Inflatable pads in suitably shaped recesses may also be used.
  • a xerographic drum suitable for use in an autothe groove and to expand a portion of said i fl matic xemgraphic reproducing apparatus including 5 ble member beyond the outer diameter of said a flexible cylindrical sleeve formed of an electrically conductive substrate having a layer of photoconductive materlal f i a flexible conductive member for electrically cona support mandrel having an outside diameter that is fleeting the substrate of said sleeve to said mam slightly less than the inside diameter of the flexible dreL cylinder whereby said support mandrel is capable of supporting said cylinder in free sliding relation- F surface manfirel said inflatable member comprises aflexible tube.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Discharging, Photosensitive Material Shape In Electrophotography (AREA)
  • Photoreceptors In Electrophotography (AREA)

Abstract

A xerographic plate including a mandrel and a photoconductive sleeve mounted thereon. The mandrel has an inflatable tube mounted in a groove for securing the sleeve to the mandrel.

Description

United States Patent Gregory 1 1 XEROGRAPHIC PLATE [72] Inventor: Paul M. Gregory, Cheltenham, En-
gland [73] Assignee: Xerox Corporation, Rochester, NY. [22] Filed: Feb. 13, 1970 [2]] Appl. No.: 11,160
[52] US. Cl. ........................355/3, 101/378, 269/22, 294/63 A [51] Int. Cl. ..G03g 15/00 [58] Field of Search ..3$S/3, 16, 85, 87, 92; 279/1 D; 269/22; 101/375, 378; 294/93, 99, 63 A [56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,987,994 6/ 1961 Allison ml/Q76 45] Oct. 3, 1972 3,253,854 5/1966 Hollander, Jr. ..269/22 X 3,379,527 4/1968 Corrsin et a]. ..355/17 X 4 3,166,335 1/1965 Mason .294/93 X FOREIGN PATENTS OR APPLICATIONS 109,212 9/1917 GreatBritain Primary Examiner-Samuel S. Matthews Assistant Examiner-Richard M. Sheer Attorney-James J. Ralabate, Norman E. Schrader and Michael J. Colitz, Jr.
[ ABSTRACT A xerographic plate including a mandrel and a photooonductive sleeve mounted thereon. The mandrel has an inflatable tube mounted in a groove for securing the sleeve to the mandrel.
PATENTEDUCI a 1972 3. 695. 757
INVENTOR. PAUL M. GREGORY BY 5n.
ATTORNEY XEROGRAPI-IIC PLATE This invention relates to a cylindrical support for a sleeve. One particular application is a cylindrical support for a sleeve having an outer surface of photoconductive material.
In xerographic copying machines, the xerographic plate is often in the form of a drum. The drum has a rigid cylindrical body mounted on an axial shaft, and a photoconductive insulating layer is overcoated on the base. The layer has a conductive base, which may be provided by the drum body. This photoconductive layer is liable to damage and ageing effects, and the recoating of such drums is troublesome.
It has been proposed to form the photoconductive layer on a flexible sleeve and to mount the sleeve on a separate cylindrical mandrel which can be contracted so that the sleeve can easily be fitted on the mandrel and then expanded to hold the sleeve in an accurately cylindrical shape. Such a mandrel has been proposed using a hollow cylinder with a slot extending parallel to the axis and a cam operated linkage for opening and closing the slot. Such a cylinder has proved difficult to manufacture, and the present invention can be used to provide an alternative support for such a sleeve.
According to the invention there is provided a cylindrical support for a sleeve, wherein the periphery of the support can be altered from a contracted state to an expanded state, the support comprising a rigid cylinder whose outer surface is formed with at least one groove extending in a generally circumferential direction, and a hollow body whose shape depends on the difference of its internal and external pressure lying in the trough of the groove, the body being movable by change of in ternal pressure between a first state in which the body lies within the outer surface of the cylinder and a second state in which the body extends beyond the periphery of the rigid cylinder to expand the periphery of the support foundation for a sleeve on the cylinder.
An example of the invention will be described with references to the drawings in which FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a sleeve and a cylindrical support with its inflatable body removed.
FIG. 2 is an end view showing the clamped end of a tube.
FIG. 3 is a view of the opposite end to FIG. 2, showing a valve at the other end of the tube.
FIG. 4 is a sectional view through line 4-4 of FIG. 3 and FIG. 5 is a sectional view similar to that of FIG. 4 but showing a modified groove and tube.
In the drawings, the outer surface of a hollow metal cylinder or mandrel l l is fomied with a circular groove 12 which is five-sixteenths inches wide and three-sixteenths inches deep at each end, with a helical groove I3 running between the end grooves with a pitch of five-sixteenths inches and being three-sixteenths inches deep. Within the helical groove a rubber tube 21 is carried, shown in FIG. 4 but not shown in FIG. I. As shown in FIG. 4, the tube 21, when in a non-inflated condition, is substantially enclosed within the trough of the grooves provided so that the outer periphery of the tube is supported below the outer surface of the cylinder 11. On each end of the helical groove the tube passes through a hole in the cylindrical shell to the interior of the cylinder. One end of the tube is closed by clamp 19 on cylinder 11 (see FIG. 2) and the other end is connected to a valve, 14, seen in FIG. 3.
At each end of the cylinder. there is provided an internal flange 15 from which extend three spokes 16, supporting an axial bearing 17, so that the drum may be mounted on a shaft for rotation about its axis.
A flexible cylindrical sleeve 18 including a photoconductive insulating layer coated on a conducting layer is to be mounted on the drum. In the FIG. I embodiment, the rubber tube normally does not protrude beyond the top of the groove, so that when the sleeve is made with an internal diameter slightly greater than the external diameter of the drum, the sleeve can easily be slipped over the drum. The difference in diameter of the cylindrical shell and the inside of the sleeve is about 0.004 inches. The sleeve is held in its required position on the drum, and air is introduced through the valve 14 into the tube so that the tube expands to extend above the periphery of the drum and to exert pressure on the inside of the sleeve to hold it in an accurate cylindrical shape on the drum to constitute the xerographic plate. When the sleeve is to be removed, the air is released from the valve to deflate the tube.
In order to permit the photoconductive properties of the sleeve 18 to be effective during xerographic operations as described in US. Pat. No. 3,30l .126 to Osborne et al., the sleeve is grounded. This is achieved through a conductive member 20 such as a metal grounding wire bolted, clipped or otherwise secured between the conductive layer of the sleeve and the metal cylinder 11. The cylinder is grounded through its supporting shaft in the conventional fashion.
In an alternative embodiment, the tube normally extends above the cylindrical surface of the drum, but can be contracted into the tube by reduction of the pressure within the tube. In this case, the valve 14 normally acts to allow air out of the tube, the valve is connected to a source of reduced pressure in order to reduce the size of the tube to allow the sleeve to be placed in position and removed, and air is allowed back into the tube at normal atmospheric pressure to secure the sleeve on the drum.
A pressure differential of a few pounds per square inch is believed to be sufficient to change the shape of the tubes to secure and release the sleeve. A length of tube of feet could be used on a 9 inch diameter drum.
As shown in FIG. 5, the circular grooves 22 and the helical groove 23 could be rectangular in cross-section and the tube 24 could be rectangular. In such case it would be desirable to make the tube with thicker walls 25 at its bottom and sides than at the top 26 where it must expand to effect the holding of the sleeve.
A pump may be provided within the drum to force air into or out of the tube in accordance with any of the embodiments described above.
In some applications, a plurality of tubes could be mounted in grooves in the cylinder. The tubes could be connected together to receive the same pressure or different pressures could be applied to different tubes to achieve a desired expansion pattern. Inflatable pads in suitably shaped recesses may also be used.
While the instant invention has been described herein with reference to the structures disclosed, it is not intended to be so limited and this application is in- 3 4 tended to cover such modifications or changes as may to freely move said mandrel, come within the scope of the appended claimsmeans to inflate said inflatable member to expand hat is C m is; said member into contact against the sidewalls of l. A xerographic drum suitable for use in an autothe groove and to expand a portion of said i fl matic xemgraphic reproducing apparatusincluding 5 ble member beyond the outer diameter of said a flexible cylindrical sleeve formed of an electrically conductive substrate having a layer of photoconductive materlal f i a flexible conductive member for electrically cona support mandrel having an outside diameter that is fleeting the substrate of said sleeve to said mam slightly less than the inside diameter of the flexible dreL cylinder whereby said support mandrel is capable of supporting said cylinder in free sliding relation- F surface manfirel said inflatable member comprises aflexible tube. having a continuous generally circumferentially extending helical groove formed therein The apparatus of (ilaim l h i said groove is a sin e inflatable member sitioned vmhin said rectangular in cross section and said Inflatable member groive said member beingpglbstamiauy endosed is rectangular in cross section and the wall of said tube within said groove with the outer periphery of said adjacent the penpheral. s,urface of Sam W member being below the outer surface of said thinner than the remaining walls of said flexible mandrel when said member is in a non-inflated member' condition to allow said flexible cylindrical sleeve mandrel into holding contact against said sleeve, and
2. The apparatus of claim I wherein said helical groove is generally semi-circular in cross section and

Claims (3)

1. A xerographic drum suitable for use in an automatic xerographic reproducing apparatus including a flexible cylindrical sleeve formed of an electrically conductive substrate having a layer of photoconductive material placed thereover, a support mandrel having an outside diameter that is slightly leSs than the inside diameter of the flexible cylinder whereby said support mandrel is capable of supporting said cylinder in free sliding relationship thereon, the outer surface of said mandrel having a continuous generally circumferentially extending helical groove formed therein, a single inflatable member positioned within said groove, said member being substantially enclosed within said groove with the outer periphery of said member being below the outer surface of said mandrel when said member is in a non-inflated condition to allow said flexible cylindrical sleeve to freely move said mandrel, means to inflate said inflatable member to expand said member into contact against the sidewalls of the groove and to expand a portion of said inflatable member beyond the outer diameter of said mandrel into holding contact against said sleeve, and a flexible conductive member for electrically connecting the substrate of said sleeve to said mandrel.
2. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said helical groove is generally semi-circular in cross section and said inflatable member comprises a flexible tube.
3. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said groove is rectangular in cross section and said inflatable member is rectangular in cross section and the wall of said tube adjacent the peripheral surface of said mandrel is thinner than the remaining walls of said flexible member.
US11160A 1969-02-27 1970-02-13 Xerographic plate Expired - Lifetime US3695757A (en)

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Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3968033A (en) * 1974-02-25 1976-07-06 Osterreichisch-Amerikanische Magnesit Aktiengesellschaft Clamping device for screen bottoms
EP0003051A1 (en) * 1977-12-27 1979-07-25 Stork Brabant B.V. Method of mounting printing cylinders utilizing flexible metal sleeves and printing apparatus using such a printing cylinder
US4217821A (en) * 1977-12-27 1980-08-19 Stork Brabant B.V. Printing apparatus utilizing flexible metal sleeves as ink transfer means
US4517575A (en) * 1981-04-20 1985-05-14 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Recording paper clamping apparatus
US4656942A (en) * 1977-12-27 1987-04-14 Stork Brabant B.V. Printing apparatus utilizing flexible metal sleeves as ink transfer means
US4823160A (en) * 1986-05-20 1989-04-18 Fujitsu Limited Method and apparatus for loading/unloading a drum member
US5151737A (en) * 1990-06-04 1992-09-29 Eastman Kodak Company Photoconductive drum having expandable mount
US5177542A (en) * 1991-10-07 1993-01-05 Eastman Kodak Company Method of xeroprinting
EP0590924A1 (en) * 1992-09-29 1994-04-06 Xerox Corporation Flexible tubes supported on rigid drum and their method of manufacture
US5413810A (en) * 1994-01-03 1995-05-09 Xerox Corporation Fabricating electrostatographic imaging members
US5443785A (en) * 1994-01-03 1995-08-22 Xerox Corporation Method of treating seamless belt substrates and carriers therefor
US5541709A (en) * 1993-12-30 1996-07-30 Xerox Corporation Method and apparatus for changing a drum surface in a printing apparatus
US5550618A (en) * 1993-05-18 1996-08-27 Xerox Corporation Drum imaging structure with photosensitive member
US5579093A (en) * 1995-06-07 1996-11-26 Xerox Corporation Resiliently biased end caps for photoconductive drums
US5709765A (en) * 1994-10-31 1998-01-20 Xerox Corporation Flexible belt system
US20090035470A1 (en) * 2003-12-24 2009-02-05 Jiann-Hsing Chen Pneumatically adjustable apparatus for coating toner fusing belt substrate and method for using same
US10695904B2 (en) * 2017-12-19 2020-06-30 Yanshan University Bionic pneumatic soft gripping device

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB109212A (en) * 1917-03-12 1917-09-06 Henry Allen Holder Improvements in Flexible Rollers.
US2987994A (en) * 1958-08-18 1961-06-13 Thomas K Allison Mandrel and cylinder for gravure printing
US3166335A (en) * 1963-05-06 1965-01-19 Armstrong Cork Co Expanding mandrel assembly
US3253854A (en) * 1964-03-16 1966-05-31 Presray Corp Universal pneumatic gripping device
US3379527A (en) * 1963-09-18 1968-04-23 Xerox Corp Photoconductive insulators comprising activated sulfides, selenides, and sulfoselenides of cadmium

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB109212A (en) * 1917-03-12 1917-09-06 Henry Allen Holder Improvements in Flexible Rollers.
US2987994A (en) * 1958-08-18 1961-06-13 Thomas K Allison Mandrel and cylinder for gravure printing
US3166335A (en) * 1963-05-06 1965-01-19 Armstrong Cork Co Expanding mandrel assembly
US3379527A (en) * 1963-09-18 1968-04-23 Xerox Corp Photoconductive insulators comprising activated sulfides, selenides, and sulfoselenides of cadmium
US3253854A (en) * 1964-03-16 1966-05-31 Presray Corp Universal pneumatic gripping device

Cited By (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3968033A (en) * 1974-02-25 1976-07-06 Osterreichisch-Amerikanische Magnesit Aktiengesellschaft Clamping device for screen bottoms
EP0003051A1 (en) * 1977-12-27 1979-07-25 Stork Brabant B.V. Method of mounting printing cylinders utilizing flexible metal sleeves and printing apparatus using such a printing cylinder
US4217821A (en) * 1977-12-27 1980-08-19 Stork Brabant B.V. Printing apparatus utilizing flexible metal sleeves as ink transfer means
US4656942A (en) * 1977-12-27 1987-04-14 Stork Brabant B.V. Printing apparatus utilizing flexible metal sleeves as ink transfer means
US4517575A (en) * 1981-04-20 1985-05-14 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Recording paper clamping apparatus
US4823160A (en) * 1986-05-20 1989-04-18 Fujitsu Limited Method and apparatus for loading/unloading a drum member
US5151737A (en) * 1990-06-04 1992-09-29 Eastman Kodak Company Photoconductive drum having expandable mount
US5177542A (en) * 1991-10-07 1993-01-05 Eastman Kodak Company Method of xeroprinting
EP0590924A1 (en) * 1992-09-29 1994-04-06 Xerox Corporation Flexible tubes supported on rigid drum and their method of manufacture
US5518854A (en) * 1992-09-29 1996-05-21 Xerox Corporation Flexible tubes supported on rigid drum
US5550618A (en) * 1993-05-18 1996-08-27 Xerox Corporation Drum imaging structure with photosensitive member
US5541709A (en) * 1993-12-30 1996-07-30 Xerox Corporation Method and apparatus for changing a drum surface in a printing apparatus
US5443785A (en) * 1994-01-03 1995-08-22 Xerox Corporation Method of treating seamless belt substrates and carriers therefor
US5413810A (en) * 1994-01-03 1995-05-09 Xerox Corporation Fabricating electrostatographic imaging members
US5709765A (en) * 1994-10-31 1998-01-20 Xerox Corporation Flexible belt system
US5579093A (en) * 1995-06-07 1996-11-26 Xerox Corporation Resiliently biased end caps for photoconductive drums
EP0747776A2 (en) * 1995-06-07 1996-12-11 Xerox Corporation End caps for cylindrical drums
EP0747776A3 (en) * 1995-06-07 1997-03-19 Xerox Corp End caps for cylindrical drums
US20090035470A1 (en) * 2003-12-24 2009-02-05 Jiann-Hsing Chen Pneumatically adjustable apparatus for coating toner fusing belt substrate and method for using same
US7560140B2 (en) * 2003-12-24 2009-07-14 Eastman Kodak Company Pneumatically adjustable apparatus for coating toner fusing belt substrate and method for using same
US10695904B2 (en) * 2017-12-19 2020-06-30 Yanshan University Bionic pneumatic soft gripping device

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