US3694177A - Method for making abrasive tools - Google Patents

Method for making abrasive tools Download PDF

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Publication number
US3694177A
US3694177A US33738A US3694177DA US3694177A US 3694177 A US3694177 A US 3694177A US 33738 A US33738 A US 33738A US 3694177D A US3694177D A US 3694177DA US 3694177 A US3694177 A US 3694177A
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United States
Prior art keywords
blank
abrasive
chamber
fluid medium
pressure
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Expired - Lifetime
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US33738A
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English (en)
Inventor
Leonid Fedorovich Vereschagin
Evgeny Nikolaevich Yakovlev
Jury Sergeevich Konyaev
Evgeny Valentinovich Polyakov
Albert Pavlovich Novikov
Valentin Nikolaevich Bakul
Gely Fomich Skripko
Nekhemian Veniaminovich Tsypin
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Individual
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Individual
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D18/00—Manufacture of grinding tools or other grinding devices, e.g. wheels, not otherwise provided for
    • B24D18/0063—Manufacture of grinding tools or other grinding devices, e.g. wheels, not otherwise provided for by extrusion

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method of making abrasive tools which is characterized in that the spaces of the blank filled with abrasive filler are tightly closed and the blank is placed into a chamber with a shaping hole after which said chamber is filled with a fluid medium, and a pressure is built up in said medium for extruding the blank through the shaping hole.
  • the present invention relates to the tool-manufacturing industry and more specifically it relates to the methods of making abrasive tools.
  • abrasive tools from superhard abrasives, such as diamond 0r cubical boron nitride or from hard-to-deform materials such as molybdenum, tungsten, etc.
  • superhard abrasives such as diamond 0r cubical boron nitride
  • hard-to-deform materials such as molybdenum, tungsten, etc.
  • a method of shaping abrasive bars for making abrasive tools consisting in that the blank made up of a malleable shell with a bar inside which is preliminarily coated with an abrasive filler, is deformed by elongation i.e. by reducing considerably the crosssectional area of the blank. After the deformation, the malleable shell is removed for uncovering the bar impregnated with the abrasive filler.
  • An object of the present invention resides in eliminating the aforesaid disadvantages.
  • the main object of the invention is to provide a method of making abrasive tools wherein the blank would be deformed under a uniform high pressure applied to the entire surface of said blank.
  • This object is accomplished by providing a method of making abrasive tools in which the spaces in the blank are filled with an abrasive material and said blank is deformed by extruding it through a shaping hole after which part of the blank is removed for uncovering the abrasive material wherein, according to the invention, the spaces of the blank filled with the abrasive material are tightly sealed and the blank is placed into a chamber provided with a shaping is built up in this medium for deforming the blank by extruding it through said shaping hole.
  • the method of making abrasive tools realized in compliance with the present invention allows the production in one pass of abrasive tools of any size and shape, for example, diamond sticks, tools for grinding small holes, tubular abrasize drills, etc., from any material including the hard-to-deform ones.
  • FIG. 1 shows a blank for making a diamond stick
  • FIG. 2 is a section taken along line lI-II of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 shows a blank for making hole-grinding tools
  • FIG. 4 is a section taken along line IV-IV of FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 5 a blank for an abrasive drill
  • FIG. 6 is a section taken along line VI-VI of FIG. 5;
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic representation of a blank deforming chamber according to the invention.
  • FIG. 8 shows an abrasive drill made in accordance with the invention.
  • the blank 1 (FIGS. 1 through 6) for abrasive tools is a metallic or ceramic body with internal spaces, filled with an abrasive filler.
  • the shape and location of said spaces in the body of the blank 1 depend on the contemplated application of the tool.
  • the blank 1 for a diamond stick is a metallic cylinder 2 (FIGS. 1, 2) with internal spaces in the form of channels 3;
  • the blank for a hole-grinding tool is a cylinder 4 (FIGS. 3, 4) with channels 5 made longitudinally at its periphery.
  • the cylinder 4 is inserted into a holder 6;
  • the blank for an abrasive drill consists of a few coaxial cylinders 7 (FIGS. 5, 6), 8 and 9. These cylinders are arranged so that there are circular spaces 10 formed between them.
  • the channels 3, 5 and the circular spaces 10 of the corresponding blanks are filled with an abrasive filler consisting either of abrasive grains, e.g. diamond, cubic boron nitride, or of a mixture of abrasive grains with some powdered material (whether organic, metallic, or ceramic).
  • abrasive grains e.g. diamond, cubic boron nitride, or of a mixture of abrasive grains with some powdered material (whether organic, metallic, or ceramic).
  • This compaction may be carried out in a press or on a vibratory stand.
  • the blank 1 filled with abrasive filler is then deformed by extrusion in the course of which it is elongated by reducing its cross-sectional area.
  • a chamber 11 (FIG. 7) provided with a hole 12. Located above this hole in the chamber 11 is a part 13 with a shaping hole 14.
  • the blank 1 is placed on this part above the shaping hole 14 for which purpose the blank 1 is provided with a tapered surface at the end.
  • the chamber 11 is filled with a fluid medium through a hole 15- Then a high-pressure generator (not shown) builds up a high pressure in said fluid medium.
  • the blank 1 Being placed into the chamber 11 (FIG. 7), the blank 1 is surrounded on the sides and from one face end by the fluid medium under pressure and is subjected to a uniform and all-round pressure of this medium; This increases the plasticity of the material of the blank 1 and the blank is extruded by the fluid medium through the shaping hole 14 of the part 13.
  • the fluid medium is constituted by liquids which do not freeze at the pressures used for extrusion.
  • the fluid medium may also be constituted by gases or by molten salts and low-melting metals.
  • the pressure build up in the fluid medium contained in the chamber 11 depends on the material of the blank 1 and the ratio of the diameter of the blank 1 to that of the shaping hole 14. The pressure grows with the strength of the blank material and with the increase in the ratio of said diameters.
  • the fluid medium pressure is taken to the range from 5000 to 6000 kg./cm., approximately.
  • the fluid pressure should range from 16,000 to 17,000 kg./cm.
  • the part 13 installed in the chamber 11 has a shaping hole 14 of a round, rectangular, etc. profile, this makes it possible to produce abrasive tools of the corresponding profiles, and, consequently, of various applications.
  • the abrasive filler is secured reliably in the blank 1 by deforming the latter with a sufliciently large elongation.
  • the latter should be extruded by the fluid under pressure at the temperature of the blank above 300 C.
  • the blank 1 is heated directly in the chamber 11 filled with the fluid medium, using any one of the known methods of heating.
  • the abrasive filler consists of a mixture of abrasive grains with a powdered material, i.e. a low-melting metal, say, tin
  • the blank should be heated to 300-400 C.
  • the blank heating temperature reaches 10001100 C. This temperature which exceeds the decomposition temperature of abrasive, for example, diamond, at normal pressure, can be used because the decomposition temperature of abrasive rises at a high pressure directly proportional to the rise of pressure.
  • inert gases e.g. argon
  • a tubular abrasive drill 17 (FIG. 8) is manufactured from an extruded blank 1 (FIGS. 5, 6) as follows: first the plug 16 is cut off then the outer layer of the cylinder 7 is removed along the axis for uncovering the abrasive material; then a central through channel is formed by removing the cylinder 9 and drilling out the central hole 18 (FIG. 18) in the cylinder 7.
  • a method of making abrasive tools comprising; providing a metal blank selected from the groups comprising copper, iron, molybdenum, tungsten and tin, said blank having at least one hollow interior space, filling said space with an abrasive filler material selected from the group comprising diamond, cubic boron nitride, a mixture of diamond with a metal powder, and a mixture of cubic boron nitride with a metal powder, sealing said abrasive filler-containing space from the exterior of said metal blank, positioning said filled blank in a closed chamber having an extrusion aperture, filling said chamber with a fluid medium, generating a pressure of up to 17,000 kg./ cm. in said chamber so as to extrude said blank through said aperture to thereby deform said blank to a predetermined external configuration, and removing a portion of said blank exterior to expose said abrasive filler material to thereby provide an abrasive tool.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
US33738A 1970-05-01 1970-05-01 Method for making abrasive tools Expired - Lifetime US3694177A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US3373870A 1970-05-01 1970-05-01
FR7018306A FR2046655A5 (enExample) 1970-05-01 1970-05-20

Publications (1)

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US3694177A true US3694177A (en) 1972-09-26

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US (1) US3694177A (enExample)
FR (1) FR2046655A5 (enExample)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4203732A (en) * 1974-03-07 1980-05-20 Cornelius Phaal Method of making an abrasive product
US4737162A (en) * 1986-08-12 1988-04-12 Alfred Grazen Method of producing electro-formed abrasive tools
US5119714A (en) * 1991-03-01 1992-06-09 Hughes Tool Company Rotary rock bit with improved diamond filled compacts
US5159857A (en) * 1991-03-01 1992-11-03 Hughes Tool Company Fixed cutter bit with improved diamond filled compacts
US5203880A (en) * 1992-07-24 1993-04-20 Tselesin Naum N Method and apparatus for making abrasive tools
US5248006A (en) * 1991-03-01 1993-09-28 Baker Hughes Incorporated Rotary rock bit with improved diamond-filled compacts
US5273125A (en) * 1991-03-01 1993-12-28 Baker Hughes Incorporated Fixed cutter bit with improved diamond filled compacts

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4203732A (en) * 1974-03-07 1980-05-20 Cornelius Phaal Method of making an abrasive product
US4737162A (en) * 1986-08-12 1988-04-12 Alfred Grazen Method of producing electro-formed abrasive tools
US5119714A (en) * 1991-03-01 1992-06-09 Hughes Tool Company Rotary rock bit with improved diamond filled compacts
US5159857A (en) * 1991-03-01 1992-11-03 Hughes Tool Company Fixed cutter bit with improved diamond filled compacts
US5248006A (en) * 1991-03-01 1993-09-28 Baker Hughes Incorporated Rotary rock bit with improved diamond-filled compacts
US5273125A (en) * 1991-03-01 1993-12-28 Baker Hughes Incorporated Fixed cutter bit with improved diamond filled compacts
US5203880A (en) * 1992-07-24 1993-04-20 Tselesin Naum N Method and apparatus for making abrasive tools

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2046655A5 (enExample) 1971-03-05

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