US3693735A - Drilling tool with elements having diamond-studded attack surface - Google Patents

Drilling tool with elements having diamond-studded attack surface Download PDF

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Publication number
US3693735A
US3693735A US76512A US3693735DA US3693735A US 3693735 A US3693735 A US 3693735A US 76512 A US76512 A US 76512A US 3693735D A US3693735D A US 3693735DA US 3693735 A US3693735 A US 3693735A
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United States
Prior art keywords
drilling tool
tool
diamond
blocks
studded
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Expired - Lifetime
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US76512A
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English (en)
Inventor
Abel C Cortes
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Total Compagnie Francaise des Petroles SA
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Compagnie Francaise des Petroles SA
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00—Drill bits
    • E21B10/46—Drill bits characterised by wear resisting parts, e.g. diamond inserts

Definitions

  • the tools used for drilling in the earth encompass a wide variety of structure. Some of the tools have a compact body on which is inserted diamonds arranged either in a circular or in a spiral pattern, while others, on the other hand, have thin plates on which are placed either diamonds or diamond-studded plates.
  • the firstmentioned tools are particularly suitable for drilling in very hard ground while the latter are better suited for soft ground and sticky ground.
  • the purpose of this invention is to provide a drilling tool capable of working in either hard or soft ground at high speeds.
  • Said tool has a general revolution surface with a base interrupted by grooves and recesses for the evacuation of the slush and is characterized by the fact that said surface is also interrupted by protuberances, which are diamond-studded on at least the entire region of their terminal section, the assembly of these sections constituting a discontinuous soil attack surface.
  • the surface envelope of the said attack surface defined by the rotation around the axis of the tool is a line tangent to the intersections of said attack surfaces with a plane passing through the axis of the tool, and is essentially above and parallel to the revolution surface defined by the rotation of a line enveloping the section of said base surface around said axis, and assumed to be bare of said protuberances, and a plane passing through the axis of the tool.
  • Each protuberance is so arranged as to present, in the direction of rotation of the tool, the crest of a dihedron or the generatrix of a tronconic surface delimiting two small regions practically similar to flat areas whose plane or bisection, with the direction of the rotation movement, forms an angle between plus and minus 10.
  • the advantage of such a tool is that it increases the flow of the slush for the same density of diamonds or attack elements working on the earth and that it prevents the clogging between neighboring protuberances which may consist of inserted blocks, by virtue of the stem shape given to these blocks, thus promoting the break up and movement of the slush.
  • Another advantage is that, due to the levelling brought about by each protuberance whose attack section is diamond-studded, the effect is as intense as the effect derived from large-size diamonds while the attack surface is considerably increased when compared to the surfacesoffered by the diamonds in known tools.
  • the lateral surfaces of diamondstudded blocks offer a large cooling surface which makes it possible to work the tool under all conditions.
  • Another purpose of the invention is to provide a tool of the type described above where said diamondstudded blocks are lined up in the direction of the rotation movement, with two consecutive blocks in the same line up being separated from each other by an interval more than 0.5 times the length of a block and having, at the opposite side of its attack crest, a surface perpendicular to the bi-section plane of the dihedron of the attack crest.
  • This arrangement promotes the flow of slush, on the one hand, because a first block, by means of its attack crest andits rear surface, drives the slush toward the outside, of its trajectory and, on the other hand, because, in the absence of earth broken up by the preceding block, the space separating two consecutive blocks is sufficient so asnot to be packed by the mere action of the following block.
  • Another purpose of the invention is to provide a tool of the type mentioned above, involving a general surface having the shape of circular steps and an attack surface made up of the surfaces of the terminal sections of the diamond-studded blocks, these attack surfaces being perpendicular to a line that is perpendicular to an imaginary plane line enveloping the outside summit of the broken-up line serving as the generatrix of the tool, the attack strip of the surfaces of the diamond-studded blocks being on a middle level whose distance above the line enveloping the summits of the generatrix is at least equal to one quarter of one of the smallest sides of the broken line of the generatrix, the median axis of the rear face of each block passing through an outside summit of the generatrix situated in its plane, while the crests of said rear face cuts said generatrix at points situated between said outside summit and the consecutive inside summit of the generatrix.
  • the steps no longer constituting cutting lines but only the walls of a way from which flow the slush and the debris of the earth toward the evacuation grooves or recesses interrupting the step-like revolution surface.
  • the attack upon the earth no longer involves the formation of a step-like surface at the bottom of the drill hole from which it is difficult to expel the debris. Instead, a surface constituting the envelope of the attack surfaces situated above the steps is obtained, the latter used only for channelling the debris toward the evacuation grooves.
  • the free circulation of the slush drains the debris and makes it possible to increase the advancing speed of the tool, whose performance remains excellent in either hard or soft ground.
  • FIG. 1 shows a plan view of a tool according to the invention, where the prismatic blocks have been placed only on one portion of a sector to make the drawing clearer.
  • FIG. 2 shows, on one and the same elevation, the axial cross-section of the tool in FIG. 1, made along sections A-A for the left-hand portion and BB for the right-hand portion of the cut after removal of the lower portion vof the tool.
  • FIG. 3 is a sectional view along line Ill-III of FIG. 2 showing theinclination of the prismatic blocks in the direction of rotation of the drilling tool.
  • l tool is made in eight sectors, l-8, delineated by four small-diameter grooves 9-12, running respectively into four recesses 13-16 and by four larger-diameter grooves 17-20, leading into four lateral grooves 21-24.
  • the step profile, shown in FIG. 2 along the broken line 26 for sector 1 and on line 27 for sector 7, corresponds to a nonregular broken line whose envelope is essentially parallel to the discontinuous attack surface adopted here.
  • FIG. 2 the arrangement of the insertion of the prismatic blocks 28 on the surface of sectors 1 and 6 is shown.
  • the terminal section of the blocks chosen in this example is an equilateral triangel 29 seen in FIG. 1, which also constitutes the attack surface of the block, as shown in FIG. 2.
  • the symmetry, or median plane 30 of each prism contains the line perpendicular to the surface enveloping the steps of the tool and the tangent to the crest of the step after the point where the normal or perpendicular line intersects this crest.
  • each of the prismatic blocks has a crest 32 aligned with the circle are 25, the crest 32 being forward of the face 33 with respect to the direction of rotation, represented by arrow 34.
  • the assembly of the attack surfaces 29 rests in the drill hole with each crest dihedron 32, made up of faces 35 and 36, driving the debris of earth and the slush to either side of the median plane 30.
  • the blocks 29 thus distribute the slush and the debris over the walls of the steps until they reach the grooves 9-12 and 17-20, terminating at the recesses 13-16 and 21-24.
  • the action involving the break up and channelling of the debris by the dihedrons 32 of the prismatic blocks permits an increase in the debris circulation speed and makes it possible to move the attack blocks closer.
  • attack surfaces 29 prevent any cutting of the bottom of the drill hole into steps and, on the contrary, create sufficient space between portions of earth not yet attacked and the portions of the steps surrounding the attack blocks.
  • crests 37 and 38 delimiting the rear face 33 are preferably spaced apart so as to cut only the faces of one and the same steps.
  • the blocks could be truncated pyramids or truncated cones whose forward generatrix would delimit surface portions more or less similar to the faces of the dihedron of a prismatic block.
  • the attack surfaces could present a slight inclination with respect to the line perpendicular to the tool and the symmetry plane of the prismatic or tronconic block could make up an angle between -10 and +l0 with respect to the direction of movement.
  • a drilling tool having a basic general surface of revolution interrupted by a plurality of grooves and recesses for the evacuation of slush, said drilling tool comprising a plurality of concentric stepped projections formed on said revolution surface around the axis of rotation of said drilling tool interrupting said surface, each of said projections having a crest forming a circle arc symmetrically arranged around the axis of rotation of said drilling tool, a plurality of diamond-studded prismatic blocks positioned in said stepped projections at the crests of each of said stepped projections over the general surface of revolution of said tool, the longitudinal axis of each diamond-studded block passing through the circle arc of the stepped projection in which it is positioned and being perpendicular to a first line which is tangential to a second line intersecting the crests of consecutive stepped projections, said diamond-studded blocks being arranged in a plurality of sectors formed on the surface of revolution of said drilling tool by said grooves, the blocks of the consecutive circle arc
  • each block has a plane surface opposite the crest facing the direction of rotation, said plane surface being perpendicular to a plane bi-sectin g the angle of said crest.
  • each diamond-studded block overlaps the two sides of the stepped surface in which it is positioned, to the exclusion of the sides of adjacent steps.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Processing Of Stones Or Stones Resemblance Materials (AREA)
  • Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
US76512A 1969-09-29 1970-09-29 Drilling tool with elements having diamond-studded attack surface Expired - Lifetime US3693735A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR6933081A FR2058822A5 (enrdf_load_html_response) 1969-09-29 1969-09-29

Publications (1)

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US3693735A true US3693735A (en) 1972-09-26

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US76512A Expired - Lifetime US3693735A (en) 1969-09-29 1970-09-29 Drilling tool with elements having diamond-studded attack surface

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US (1) US3693735A (enrdf_load_html_response)
CA (1) CA924293A (enrdf_load_html_response)
CH (1) CH540423A (enrdf_load_html_response)
FR (1) FR2058822A5 (enrdf_load_html_response)
GB (1) GB1316790A (enrdf_load_html_response)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3805901A (en) * 1972-08-10 1974-04-23 Ingersoll Rand Co Earth cutter assembly
US3938599A (en) * 1974-03-27 1976-02-17 Hycalog, Inc. Rotary drill bit
US4244432A (en) * 1978-06-08 1981-01-13 Christensen, Inc. Earth-boring drill bits
US4253533A (en) * 1979-11-05 1981-03-03 Smith International, Inc. Variable wear pad for crossflow drag bit
US4429755A (en) 1981-02-25 1984-02-07 Williamson Kirk E Drill with polycrystalline diamond drill blanks for soft, medium-hard and hard formations
US4440247A (en) * 1982-04-29 1984-04-03 Sartor Raymond W Rotary earth drilling bit
EP0164297A3 (en) * 1984-06-07 1986-06-11 Hughes Tool Company-Usa Diamond drill bit with varied cutting elements
US5794725A (en) * 1996-04-12 1998-08-18 Baker Hughes Incorporated Drill bits with enhanced hydraulic flow characteristics
US6648068B2 (en) * 1996-05-03 2003-11-18 Smith International, Inc. One-trip milling system
US20210363831A1 (en) * 2020-05-07 2021-11-25 Kenneth Layton STARR System and Method for A Drill Bit

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4073354A (en) * 1976-11-26 1978-02-14 Christensen, Inc. Earth-boring drill bits

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2371490A (en) * 1944-04-10 1945-03-13 Jr Edward B Williams Step-cut drill bit
US2817885A (en) * 1953-11-10 1957-12-31 Albert E Long Means for orienting diamonds in hard vector directions in diamond bits and tools
US2966949A (en) * 1958-07-16 1961-01-03 Jersey Prod Res Co Full hole permanent drill bit
FR1261950A (fr) * 1960-04-12 1961-05-26 Christensen Diamond Prod Co Perfectionnements aux outils de forage
US3027952A (en) * 1958-07-30 1962-04-03 Socony Mobil Oil Co Inc Drill bit
US3135341A (en) * 1960-10-04 1964-06-02 Christensen Diamond Prod Co Diamond drill bits
FR1508961A (fr) * 1966-03-31 1968-01-12 Aquitaine Petrole Perfectionnement aux outils de forage pour roches très dures

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2371490A (en) * 1944-04-10 1945-03-13 Jr Edward B Williams Step-cut drill bit
US2817885A (en) * 1953-11-10 1957-12-31 Albert E Long Means for orienting diamonds in hard vector directions in diamond bits and tools
US2966949A (en) * 1958-07-16 1961-01-03 Jersey Prod Res Co Full hole permanent drill bit
US3027952A (en) * 1958-07-30 1962-04-03 Socony Mobil Oil Co Inc Drill bit
FR1261950A (fr) * 1960-04-12 1961-05-26 Christensen Diamond Prod Co Perfectionnements aux outils de forage
US3135341A (en) * 1960-10-04 1964-06-02 Christensen Diamond Prod Co Diamond drill bits
FR1508961A (fr) * 1966-03-31 1968-01-12 Aquitaine Petrole Perfectionnement aux outils de forage pour roches très dures

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3805901A (en) * 1972-08-10 1974-04-23 Ingersoll Rand Co Earth cutter assembly
US3938599A (en) * 1974-03-27 1976-02-17 Hycalog, Inc. Rotary drill bit
US4244432A (en) * 1978-06-08 1981-01-13 Christensen, Inc. Earth-boring drill bits
US4253533A (en) * 1979-11-05 1981-03-03 Smith International, Inc. Variable wear pad for crossflow drag bit
US4429755A (en) 1981-02-25 1984-02-07 Williamson Kirk E Drill with polycrystalline diamond drill blanks for soft, medium-hard and hard formations
US4440247A (en) * 1982-04-29 1984-04-03 Sartor Raymond W Rotary earth drilling bit
EP0164297A3 (en) * 1984-06-07 1986-06-11 Hughes Tool Company-Usa Diamond drill bit with varied cutting elements
US5794725A (en) * 1996-04-12 1998-08-18 Baker Hughes Incorporated Drill bits with enhanced hydraulic flow characteristics
US5836404A (en) * 1996-04-12 1998-11-17 Baker Hughes Incorporated Drill bits with enhanced hydraulic flow characteristics
US6079507A (en) * 1996-04-12 2000-06-27 Baker Hughes Inc. Drill bits with enhanced hydraulic flow characteristics
US6648068B2 (en) * 1996-05-03 2003-11-18 Smith International, Inc. One-trip milling system
US20210363831A1 (en) * 2020-05-07 2021-11-25 Kenneth Layton STARR System and Method for A Drill Bit

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2058822A5 (enrdf_load_html_response) 1971-05-28
CH540423A (fr) 1973-08-15
GB1316790A (en) 1973-05-16
CA924293A (en) 1973-04-10

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