US3690627A - Regenerative air heater such as hot blast stove - Google Patents

Regenerative air heater such as hot blast stove Download PDF

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Publication number
US3690627A
US3690627A US121762A US3690627DA US3690627A US 3690627 A US3690627 A US 3690627A US 121762 A US121762 A US 121762A US 3690627D A US3690627D A US 3690627DA US 3690627 A US3690627 A US 3690627A
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United States
Prior art keywords
dome
vertical body
annular element
jacket
air heater
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US121762A
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English (en)
Inventor
Cornelis Van Herk
Johannes Cornelis Mes
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KONINKLIJKE NEDERLANDSCHE HOOGOVENS EN STAALFABRIKEN NV
KONINKLIJKE HOOGOVENS EN STAAL
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KONINKLIJKE HOOGOVENS EN STAAL
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B9/00—Stoves for heating the blast in blast furnaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D17/00—Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus in which a stationary intermediate heat-transfer medium or body is contacted successively by each heat-exchange medium, e.g. using granular particles

Definitions

  • the blast stove comprises a preferably cylindrical hollow vertical body of refractory bricks closed at the top by a dome of refractory bricks overlying and protruding radially outside the vertical body at the top thereof, the entire body and dome is surrounded by a jacket of steel, and the dome is built up on and is supported by a steel annular element which is in a gastight manner connected to the outer steel jacket of the dome and of the vertical cylindrical body, the connection of the said annular element to the steel jacket of the vertical body and/or of the dome extending with respect to the axis of the vertical body alternately in a mainly radial and in mainly axial directions, this annular element being supported by a row of brackets secured to the outer jacket of the vertical body at a larger distance downwards from the upper edge of the vertical body than where the connection of the annular element to the vertical body is positioned, and preferably at at least twice the
  • REGENERA'I'IVE AIR HEATER SUCH AS HOT BLAST STOVE This invention relates to a regenerative air heater, in particular to hot blast stoves for use with blast furnaces, comprising a preferably cylindrical hollow vertical body of refractory bricks closed at the top by a dome of refractory bricks overlying and protruding radially outside said vertical body at the top thereof, the entire structure being surrounded by a jacket of steel of the vertical body and of the dome.
  • a particularly vulnerable. area in this respect is the zone where the dome merges into the vertical body.
  • the protruding dome should be supported by a supporting structure positioned around the vertical body, which structure should moreover be part of the gastight outer jacket of the structure.
  • a structure forthis support which not only gives a good gastight outer jacket, but which also gives a good supporting of the dome without inadmissible occurring in this part of the steel outer jacket.
  • Such stresses are caused by the fact that the upper edge of the vertical body, to which the supporting structure is secured, is hot, whereas the lower edge of the protruding dome is of lower temperature. This lower edge and the part of the supporting structure upon which it rests, will thus expand in a radial direction to a much lesser extent than the upper edge of the vertical cylindrical body.
  • the present invention consists in that in an air heater as given in the preamble the dome is built u on and is supported by a steel annular element which IS in a gastight manner connected to the outer steel jacket of the dome and of the vertical cylindrical body, the connection of the said annular element to the steel jacket of the vertical body and/or of the dome extending with respect to the axis of the vertical body altemately in a mainly radial and in mainly axial directions and that this annular element is supported by a row of brackets secured to the outer jacket of the vertical body at a larger distance downwards from the upper edge of the vertical body than where the connection of the annular element to the vertical body is positioned, and preferably at at least twice the lastrnen' tioned distance.
  • the new structure to the invention thus gives a situation in which the function of sealing against the outflow of gases and the function of supporting are separated in an efficient manner, so that all elements of the structure functioning for supporting the dome are relatively cold, the elements serving for'the sealing against the outflow of gases having elastic deformation properties.
  • the annular element, onto which the dome is built up has almost the same temperature as the brackets and as the part of the outer jacket of the vertical body to which they are connected. This is particularly so because it is quite well imaginable to position the annular element on the brackets in a manner so as to be freely slidable, if desired with a system of sliding blocks between the annular element and the brackets, or longitudinal bearings (linear hearings) or the like.”
  • annular element is rigidly connected to the brackets.
  • a connecting part which extends alternately in different directions.
  • this connecting part has more and longer axially extending parts, the elastic deforrnability thereof will increase and thus the thermal deformations of the upper edge of the vertical body with respect to the dome will better be taken up.
  • An opposite consideration is, however, that a considerably profiled connecting part takes up more space and thus requires a more pronounced radial protrusion of the dome over the vertical body.
  • connecting part entrains a more expensive structure.
  • the connecting part only has three curved parts, in total taking up an angle of 200 to 350. This boils down to the presence of only a single or a few axially extending parts in the connecting part. It has appeared that this gives the possibility of elastic deformation to an extent which is sufficient in practice.
  • a usual structure detail of the brackets which could also be applied in the proposed structure, in such that the dome with the lower edge rests upon a plane horizontal part of the brackets. Often the shape of the dome in the proximity of the lower edge is also almost cylindrical.
  • the dome a shape which has less curvature
  • the annular element according to the invention having the shape of a frustoconical body, the lower edge of the dome being perpendicular to this conical surface in the zone where it is supported thereby.
  • the danger that the dome may slide in the transverse direction with respect to the vertical body is considerably restricted by this feature.
  • the annular element with means for arresting the position of the lower edge of the dome.
  • such means are recommended if the dome along the lower edge consists of pivoting parts according to an earlier proposal by the applicant as indicated above.
  • a further simplification consists in that the brackets are provided with at least one reinforcing flange at the outside, this flange merging fluently and gradually into the outer lining of the dome. In practice this will be embodied so that these flanges will be part of the steel sheet jacket which forms the outer lining of the dome.
  • the space between the lower edge of the dome and the upper edge of the vertical body is positioned outside the flow of hot gases through the air heater. This gas quantity present in this zone will give a heat insulating effect between these two elements and thus will also protect the steel connecting part somewhat against too high heating.
  • the said space is according to the invention preferably filled up at least in part with deformable refractory material.
  • deformable refractory material Such material could be a refractory felt or the like.
  • FIG. 1 shows a hot blast stove according to the invention in side view and partly in vertical section
  • FIG. 2 shows detail I] in FIG. 1 in vertical section at an enlarged scale
  • FIGS. 3, 4 and 5 show the same detail in somewhat different embodiments.
  • reference numeral 1 shows an outer jacket of the upper end of the vertical cylindrical body and dome of an air preheater, being the outer steel lining thereof.
  • This air preheater is of the type with an interior stack 21, but a structure according to the invention could as well be applied to air preheaters with an exterior burner stack, such structures being usual and known as such.
  • a wall 22 separates this stack 21 from a space 23, filled with a pile of heat-absorbing refractory bricks not shown.
  • this preheater has an inlet at 24 for combustible gas and combustion air to a burner 25 in the lower end of stack 21, an outlet 26 for heated air and a duct connection 27 for introducing cold air when on blast and for discharging combustion gases when on gas.
  • a grid 28 supports the said pile of bricks.
  • the air preheater moreover lms the usual slide valves at the inlets and outlets for gases and air, which are familiar to the expert and thus not shown.
  • jacket 1 The vertical cylindrical body enclosed by jacket 1 is covered by a dome protruding with its lower edge radially outside said jacket and engaging around the top of the cylindrical masonry within said jacket.
  • the outer steel jacket of said dome is indicated by 2.
  • the lower end of jacket 2 is divided by intermediary into zones or strips 3 which in a manner which will be described below form part of the connection of dome jacket 2 to cylindrical jacket I.
  • a refractory lining is present, indicated diagrammatically by partly shown layers 4, 5 and 6.
  • the refractory dome 7 proper is positioned at some distance interiorly of the outer steel jacket 2 of the dome and extends downwardly past the upper edge of layers 4, 5 and 6 to a greater radial distance from the axis of the heater.
  • a refractory heat insulating layer 8 of bricks is present in contact with the outer steel jacket 2.
  • Each strip 3 constitutes part of an I-shaped beam having a web 9 and an opposite flange l0, and said beam is, at a considerable distance below the upper edge of layers 4, 5 and 6, welded to the steel outer jacket 1 of the vertical body.
  • the temperature of the jacket is substantially lower than at the upper edge of the vertical body.
  • lfthe steel outer jacket I in this zone is not sufficiently rigid, it is possible to apply a suitable reinforcement in this zone, such as a continuous surrounding steel annulus between the steel jacket 1 and the I-shaped beams.
  • a connecting part 11 being stepped in shape. Thanks to this stepped shape it is possible for this connecting part to connect jacket parts 1 and 2 in a gastight manner. On the central step of this stairs the refractory dome 7 rests.
  • the upper end 12 of the brackets is also shaped in a stepwise manner. Between this upper edge 12 and part 11 there are sliding blocks 13, 14 and 15, which may be secured or not to one of the faces in contact therewith, so to the upper surface 12 of the brackets 9 or to the lower surface of part 11. This makes it possible to take up any deformation of part 11 in a radial sense with respect to the brackets because the contacting parts are easily allowed to slide with respect to each other.
  • FIG. 3 gives a simplified structure of the same detail as FIG. 2.
  • the connecting wall 11 of the outer metal jacket as shown in FIG. 2 is replaced by a conical element 16, onto which the dome '7 rests, and an elastic connecting part 17.
  • the conical element 16 is rigidly secured to the upper side of the brackets.
  • a movement in a radial sense of the dome 7 with respect to the upper surface of the brackets is excluded.
  • the inner flange of the brackets is continued to extend upwardly a short distance past conical element 16, so that the lower edge of the dome 7 rests in a deepened recess, which it cannot easily leave.
  • the supporting forces between dome 7 and element 16 are restricted to a force perpendicular to the surface of element 16 thanks to the conical shape of this element and to the fact that dome 7 in this part extends exactly perpendicularly to element 16.
  • FIG. 4 an alternative of the structure of FIG. 3 is shown in which the connecting part 18 of the metal jacket smoothly merges into both the upwardly extended part of the inner flange l0 and into the metal jacket 1. Thereby a higher elastic deformability is obtained.
  • FIG. 5 shows yet another alternative. This differs from the alternative of FIG. 4 in that the metal jacket connecting part 19 is not positioned as an upward extension of the inner flange 10, but as an inward extension of the conical element 16. This simplifies the structure as to the method of making it.
  • the arresting of the lower edge of dome 7 against movement in a radial sense is in this structure obtained by applying, e.g. by welding, two longitudinal circular ribs 20 all around on element 16.
  • the lower bricks of dome 7 have recesses, so that they fit over these ribs.
  • a regenerative air heater such as a hot blast stove for a blast furnace plant, comprising a preferably cylindrical hollow vertical body of refractory bricks closed at the top by a dome of refractory bricks overlying and protruding radially outside said vertical body at the top thereof, the entire structure being surrounded by a jacket of steel of the vertical body and of the dome, characterized in that the dome is built up on and is supported by a steel annular element which is in a gas-tight manner connected to the outer steel jacket of the dome and of the vertical cylindrical body, the connection of the said annular element to the steel jacket of the vertical body and/or of the dome extending with respect to $$$$$fililf lllisllin'fiflr element is supported by a row of brackets secured to the outer jacket of the vertical body at a larger distance downwards from the upper edge of the vertical body than where the connection of the annular element to the vertical body is positioned, and preferably at at least twice the lastmentioned distance.
  • annular element is immediately rigidly connected to the outer jacket of the dome, so without intermediary parts, but is connected to the outer jacket of the vertical body by a connecting part which extends alternately in different directions.
  • annular element has the shape of a frustoconical body and that the lower edge of the dome is positioned perpendicularly to this element.
  • annular element is provided with means for arresting the position of the lower edge of the inner refractory brick dome against radial movement.
  • An air heater according to claim 1 characterized in that an outer flange of the brackets smoothly merges into the outer metal jacket of the dome.
  • An air heater according to claim 1 characterized in that the space between the dome, the vertical body and the connecting part between annular element and outer jacket of the vertical body is at least in part filled with deformable refractory material.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Thermal Insulation (AREA)
  • Air Supply (AREA)
  • Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)
US121762A 1970-03-10 1971-03-08 Regenerative air heater such as hot blast stove Expired - Lifetime US3690627A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL7003397A NL7003397A (cs) 1970-03-10 1970-03-10

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US3690627A true US3690627A (en) 1972-09-12

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US (1) US3690627A (cs)
BE (1) BE764053A (cs)
DE (1) DE2111498A1 (cs)
FR (1) FR2081823B3 (cs)
GB (1) GB1331537A (cs)
NL (1) NL7003397A (cs)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4005982A (en) * 1974-09-28 1977-02-01 Didier-Werke Ag Hot-blast stove for a blast furnace
US4375956A (en) * 1977-11-30 1983-03-08 Hoogovens Ijmuiden B.V. Hot blast stove arrangement for a blast furnace
US4582485A (en) * 1985-02-13 1986-04-15 White Jr Herbert A Blast furnace stove
US20100086888A1 (en) * 2007-05-07 2010-04-08 Paul Wurth Refractory & Engineering Gmbh Ceramic burner

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4238652C1 (de) * 1992-11-16 1994-05-11 Air Liquide Regenerator zum Aufheizen von Gasen

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2175611A (en) * 1937-01-30 1939-10-10 Koppers Co Inc Gas heater
US3241823A (en) * 1963-12-11 1966-03-22 Licencia Talalmanyokat Air-heater cupola constructions
US3334880A (en) * 1964-01-29 1967-08-08 Yawata Iron & Steel Co Hot stove having a spherical top

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2175611A (en) * 1937-01-30 1939-10-10 Koppers Co Inc Gas heater
US3241823A (en) * 1963-12-11 1966-03-22 Licencia Talalmanyokat Air-heater cupola constructions
US3334880A (en) * 1964-01-29 1967-08-08 Yawata Iron & Steel Co Hot stove having a spherical top

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4005982A (en) * 1974-09-28 1977-02-01 Didier-Werke Ag Hot-blast stove for a blast furnace
US4375956A (en) * 1977-11-30 1983-03-08 Hoogovens Ijmuiden B.V. Hot blast stove arrangement for a blast furnace
US4582485A (en) * 1985-02-13 1986-04-15 White Jr Herbert A Blast furnace stove
US20100086888A1 (en) * 2007-05-07 2010-04-08 Paul Wurth Refractory & Engineering Gmbh Ceramic burner
US8517725B2 (en) * 2007-05-07 2013-08-27 Paul Wurth Refractory & Engineering Gmbh Ceramic burner

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE764053A (nl) 1971-09-10
NL7003397A (cs) 1971-09-14
DE2111498A1 (de) 1971-09-23
FR2081823B3 (cs) 1973-12-28
GB1331537A (en) 1973-09-26
FR2081823A3 (cs) 1971-12-10

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