US3689344A - Method of preparing a non-woven fibrous web - Google Patents

Method of preparing a non-woven fibrous web Download PDF

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Publication number
US3689344A
US3689344A US812646A US3689344DA US3689344A US 3689344 A US3689344 A US 3689344A US 812646 A US812646 A US 812646A US 3689344D A US3689344D A US 3689344DA US 3689344 A US3689344 A US 3689344A
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United States
Prior art keywords
web
tow
conveyor belt
pusher blade
woven fibrous
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Expired - Lifetime
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US812646A
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English (en)
Inventor
Robert Bolliand
Claude Saligny
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Rhodiaceta SA
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Rhodiaceta SA
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/005—Synthetic yarns or filaments
    • D04H3/009—Condensation or reaction polymers
    • D04H3/011—Polyesters
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/02—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of yarns or filaments
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/02—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of yarns or filaments
    • D04H3/05—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of yarns or filaments in another pattern, e.g. zig-zag, sinusoidal

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and apparatus for the preparation of a non-woven fibrous web material.
  • non-woven fibrous webs refers to material, generally of a homogeneous nature, which may have large dimensions in two directions relatively to the third and which may be constituted by continuous filaments or discontinuous fibres, alone or in a mixture, distributed unidirectionally or at random and the cohesion of which is obtained by mechanical, physical or chemical means, or by a combination of such means.
  • this material When used as a lining or stufiing material in which it is more or less compressible and slightly elastic or resilient, this material is utilised for the stuffing of furnishing articles, such as pillows, cushions, eiderdowns, sleeping bags and the like.
  • furnishing articles such as pillows, cushions, eiderdowns, sleeping bags and the like.
  • natural materials such as down, feathers or horsehair.
  • discontinuous, crimped chemical fibres for example synthetic fibres, introduced alone or in a mixture, in the form of wadding or a lap. Unfortunately, in course of time and notably after washing, these fibres tend to protrude through the enveloping material and to agglomerate in the form of compact balls, which it is impossible to dissociate.
  • the method for the preparation of such webs consisted in passing, under tension, a tow of continuous filaments between two smooth rollers driven at different peripheral velocities, taking up substantially without tension the corrugated web thus formed, spraying a bonding agent on the said undulating lap and, finally, curing the bonding agent thus deposited.
  • the method for the spreading out and undulation of the tow of continuous filaments, which may or may not be crimped, by passage between two rollers rotating at different peripheral velocities does not permit the production of webs which have relatively plane external surfaces, such as is desirable for the stufiing material or wadding used for stuffing coverlets or bedspreads or quilted articles.
  • a method of preparing a non-woven fibrous web comprising feeding a tow substantially without tension to a conveyor belt to which a continuous advancing movement is imparted, displacing a pusher blade spaced from said conveyor belt in the same direction and at a higher velocity than said conveyor belt, periodically to exert pressure on the entire width of said tow and to subject said tow to local friction and thereby form a web, taking up the web thus formed substantially without tension, spraying a bonding agent on the web and curing the bonding agent.
  • the bonding substance is a crosslinkable resin which is cured by thermal treatment.
  • the previous spreading out of the tow may be effected by any appropriate means, notably by passage between two rollers rotating at different peripheral velocities.
  • the expression pusher blade will be used to designate any means permitting the simultaneous exertion on the spread-out tow of pressure and also of friction.
  • the tow used has substantially no twist or interlacing and includes a large number of continuous filaments which may or may not be crimped.
  • use may be made of any kind of tow manufactured from any artificial or synthetic chemical material.
  • crimped synthetic filament tows such as those based on polyamides (polyamide 6, 6.6, 6.10, 11, etc.) on polyolefines (polypropylene) or on the vinyl substances and derivatives.
  • tows based on polyester filaments (ethylene polyterephthalate) or acrylic filaments.
  • the tow maybe stuffer crimped.
  • use may be made of tows comprising low-stretch filaments.
  • the invention also provides apparatus for preparing a non-woven fibrous web, such apparatus comprising a conveyor belt, means for moving said belt at a given velocity, means for spreading a tow formed from continuous filaments, and for feeding said tow onto said conveyor belt, a pusher blade spaced fromsaid conveyor, means for urging said pusher blade towards said conveyor belt and for moving it parallel to said belt at a velocity higher than said given velocity, means for removing the web thus formed from said conveyor belt, means for spraying a bonding agent onto the thus formed web, and means for curing the bonding agent.
  • FIG. 1 is a side elevation of one embodiment of apparatus according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic view of a portion of the apparatus of FIG. 1, showing the movement and action of the pusher blade on the tow;
  • FIG. 3 shows modification of the pusher blade arrangement
  • FIG. 4 is a diagrammatic illustration of the web obtained.
  • a tow 1 is dotted from a conventional storage carton 2, and it is progressively converted to a web of filaments, with the aid of spreaders having curved bars 3 and tensioners 4. Subsequently, by braking the tow, notably with the aid of a series of bars 5, the tow is introduced under tension between two cylinders or rollers 6 and 7, the spacing of which is adjustable as a function of the nature and thickness of the fibrous web and the degree of tension which it is desired to impart thereto, the said cylinders rotating at different peripheral velocities so as to complete the spreading; then, the web thus formed is received, preferably without tension, on a conveyor belt 8 displaced at constant velocity and on which it adheres under the influence of friction.
  • a belt will be used, the surface of which is made of a material having a high coefficient of friction.
  • the web conveyed by the belt 8 is then subjected to the action of a pusher blade 9 which intermittently exerts pressure on the web over the entire width thereof and subjects it to localised friction, the pusher blade being displaced in the same direction but at a higher velocity than the belt.
  • the movement of the pusher blade is imparted by any appropriate means such as cams, illustrated diagrammatically as a drive assembly 10 in the figure.
  • the thus formed web then leaves the conveyor belt 8 and is taken up, practically without tension, on a second conveyor belt 11 the velocity of which is regulated as a function of the output velocity of the web on the conveyor 8. It then travels into a spraying chamber 12 where there is deposited an appropriate resin which is subsequently cured by passage through a heating chamber or oven 13.
  • a heating chamber or oven 13 a heating chamber or oven
  • the movement of the pusher blade 9 is shown diagrammatically in FIG. 2, wherein 1 represents the open tow, 8 the conveyor belt and 23 the lower end of the pusher blade to which is imparted a movement, the extreme positions of which are designated A, B and C.
  • the angle of attack or of the pusher blade on the conveyor belt is adjustable, as is also the amplitude BC.
  • the travel path A-B it becomes possible to increase or diminish the pressure exerted by the pusher blade on the web 1.
  • the selection of the material from which the end of the pusher blade is manufactured depends, to a considerable extent, on the textile material to be processed. Good results are obtained with a pusher blade made of natural or synthetic rubber having a Shore hardness between 35 and 80".
  • the angle a varies between 30 and 70, the amplitude BC between 1 mm. and 60 mm. and the number of cycles A-BC between and 200 per minute.
  • Drive to the rollers 6 and 7, to the conveyor belt 8 and to the drive assembly 10, may be derived from a common drive motor 20.
  • a series of pusher blades 31 act successively on the web, the pusher blades being mounted radially on a common spindle 32 to which a movement of continuous rotation is imparted by the drive motor 20, the distance between the spindle and conveyor belt 8 being adjustable relatively to the conveyor belt.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagrammatic illustration of the textile web formed in accordance with the invention. It will be seen that the filaments 41 exhibit a helical crimp and that the external surfaces 42 and 43 of the web are substantially planar.
  • EXAMPLE The installation shown in FIG. 1 was fed with a tow the total count of which was 222,222 dtex (200,000 denier), of ethylene polyterephthalate filaments having a unit count of 1.65 dtex (1.5 denier), and a crimp of 3-4 (number of undulations per centimetre).
  • the feed velocity of the tow was 15 metres/ min.
  • the tensioners 4 and the bars 5 After passage through the spreaders 3, the tensioners 4 and the bars 5, the web formed had an average width of 200 mm. Opening was completed by passage between two cylinders 6 and 7 covered with a layer of rubber having a Shore hardness of 65 rotated at peripheral velocities of 2 metres/min. and 18 metres/min, the spacing thereof being adjusted at 0.2 mm.
  • the undulated web was deposited without tension on a conveyor belt 8 made of rubber and travelling at a velocity of 4 metres/ min. It was then subjected to the action of the pusher blade 9 the end of which was made of rubber having a Shore hardness of 65 and the minimum distance of which relatively to the conveyor belt was 0.1 mm.
  • the angle of attack a was approximately 50 and the amplitude of displacement in a plane substantially parallel to that of the belt 8 was 40 mm.
  • the velocity of the pusher blade was regulated in such manner that it performed cyles A-B-C (as shown in FIG. 2) per minute, the end of the pusher blade being displaced at a velocity close to 20 metres/min.
  • the web thus formed was received, without tension, on the conveyor belt 11 at a velocity of 5 metres/ min. It weighed 50 g./ square metre, was 1 metre wide and 5 mm. thick, exhibited good cohesion and had substantially plane outer faces. After being received on the belt 11, it was continuously sprayed, at a rate of 10 g./square metre, dry product, with a nonplasticised, crosslinkable acrylic resin in a 40% (dry extract) dispersion, in water containing an anionic surfaceactive agent. The crosslinking of the resin thus deposited was effected by drying, for 4 minutes at C. The lap was then wound-up on a spindle.
  • a method of preparing a non-woven fibrous web comprising the steps of:

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
US812646A 1968-04-02 1969-04-02 Method of preparing a non-woven fibrous web Expired - Lifetime US3689344A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR146791 1968-04-02

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3689344A true US3689344A (en) 1972-09-05

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US812646A Expired - Lifetime US3689344A (en) 1968-04-02 1969-04-02 Method of preparing a non-woven fibrous web

Country Status (12)

Country Link
US (1) US3689344A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE730874A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BR (1) BR6907705D0 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CH (2) CH501169A4 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DK (1) DK139981B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FI (1) FI46743C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR1572311A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1244889A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
LU (1) LU58342A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL166990C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NO (1) NO121372B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
SE (1) SE349609B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4876970A (en) * 1988-07-29 1989-10-31 Wendy Bolduc Coin operated infant changing table
US6684468B1 (en) * 2002-10-07 2004-02-03 Lujan Dardo Bonaparte Microfiber structure

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4876970A (en) * 1988-07-29 1989-10-31 Wendy Bolduc Coin operated infant changing table
US6684468B1 (en) * 2002-10-07 2004-02-03 Lujan Dardo Bonaparte Microfiber structure

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DK139981B (da) 1979-05-28
BR6907705D0 (pt) 1973-01-02
NO121372B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-02-15
DE1917019A1 (de) 1970-09-10
FR1572311A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1969-06-27
CH532672A (fr) 1972-09-29
LU58342A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1969-11-13
FI46743B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-02-28
CH501169A4 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1972-09-29
DE1917019B2 (de) 1976-06-10
NL6904580A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1969-10-06
SE349609B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1972-10-02
DK139981C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1979-10-29
FI46743C (fi) 1973-06-11
GB1244889A (en) 1971-09-02
BE730874A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1969-10-01
NL166990B (nl) 1981-05-15
NL166990C (nl) 1981-10-15

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