US3681955A - Multiple-axial-pin tumbler lock - Google Patents

Multiple-axial-pin tumbler lock Download PDF

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Publication number
US3681955A
US3681955A US780637A US3681955DA US3681955A US 3681955 A US3681955 A US 3681955A US 780637 A US780637 A US 780637A US 3681955D A US3681955D A US 3681955DA US 3681955 A US3681955 A US 3681955A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
pins
loaded
spring
lock
magazine
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US780637A
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English (en)
Inventor
Ronald F Sturgeon
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3681955A publication Critical patent/US3681955A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B27/00—Cylinder locks or other locks with tumbler pins or balls that are set by pushing the key in
    • E05B27/02—Cylinder locks or other locks with tumbler pins or balls that are set by pushing the key in operated by the edge of the key
    • E05B27/08—Cylinder locks or other locks with tumbler pins or balls that are set by pushing the key in operated by the edge of the key arranged axially
    • E05B27/083—Cylinder locks or other locks with tumbler pins or balls that are set by pushing the key in operated by the edge of the key arranged axially of the split-pin tumbler type
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T70/00—Locks
    • Y10T70/70—Operating mechanism
    • Y10T70/7153—Combination
    • Y10T70/7181—Tumbler type
    • Y10T70/7198—Single tumbler set
    • Y10T70/7237—Rotary or swinging tumblers
    • Y10T70/726—Individually set
    • Y10T70/7271—Associated movable operator
    • Y10T70/7277—Removable
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T70/00—Locks
    • Y10T70/70—Operating mechanism
    • Y10T70/7441—Key
    • Y10T70/7486—Single key
    • Y10T70/7508—Tumbler type
    • Y10T70/7559—Cylinder type
    • Y10T70/7588—Rotary plug
    • Y10T70/7593—Sliding tumblers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T70/00—Locks
    • Y10T70/70—Operating mechanism
    • Y10T70/7441—Key
    • Y10T70/7486—Single key
    • Y10T70/7508—Tumbler type
    • Y10T70/7559—Cylinder type
    • Y10T70/7667—Operating elements, parts and adjuncts
    • Y10T70/7689—Tumblers
    • Y10T70/7701—Pin
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T70/00—Locks
    • Y10T70/70—Operating mechanism
    • Y10T70/7441—Key
    • Y10T70/778—Operating elements
    • Y10T70/7791—Keys
    • Y10T70/7842—Single shank or stem
    • Y10T70/7847—Round rigid
    • Y10T70/7853—Tubular
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T70/00—Locks
    • Y10T70/70—Operating mechanism
    • Y10T70/7441—Key
    • Y10T70/778—Operating elements
    • Y10T70/7791—Keys
    • Y10T70/7881—Bitting
    • Y10T70/7893—Permutation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T70/00—Locks
    • Y10T70/70—Operating mechanism
    • Y10T70/7441—Key
    • Y10T70/7915—Tampering prevention or attack defeating
    • Y10T70/7932—Anti-pick

Definitions

  • a key-operated lock of the multiple-axial-pin tumbler [52] US. Cl. ..70/363, /367, 70/378, type comprises a stationary magazine carrying driver 70/419 pins and a rotary magazine carrying spring-loaded [51] 1m, 01 ..E05b 15/14, E05b 27/08 Pins, and is providedwith the following features: (a) [58] Field of Search ..70/363, 367-369, the y comprises a tubular Shaft and has fingers 70 37 33 339 4 9421 370 371 which are clamped in position in axial grooves around the shaft and which are replaceable to adapt the key 5 References Cited readily to any one of a range of lock combinations; (1)) the stationary magazine is removable or has a UNITED STATES PATENTS removable part to permit withdrawal and rearrangement or replacement of the pins; and, (c) the springgre
  • This invention relates to key-operated locks of the multiple-axial-pin tumbler type, and to the keys for such locks.
  • Multiple-axial-pin tumbler locks are operated by a tubular key having its working end shaped to coact with a ring of pairs of axial pins in the lock body.
  • the outer or driver pins of each pair are of different lengths and the locks can be turned when the contacting faces of each pair of pins are aligned in a plane which separates a stationary magazine in which the inner spring-loaded pins are slidable, from a magazine in which the outer pins are slidable and which may be turned by the key. Examples of such locks are described in British Pat. Nos. 940,428 (Lowe & Fletcher Ltd.) and 1,106,193 and l,l32,53l (Chicago Lock Co.).
  • a key comprising a tubular shaft adapted to be inserted into the lock and formed on its outer' face with a series of axial recesses, a set of locking fingers of selected lengths seated in said recesses, and clamping means holding said fingers selectively in position in register with said recesses which support the fingers.
  • a multiple-axial-pin tumbler lock in which the stationary magazine is removable or is formed with a closure member which is removable, to permit withdrawal and rearrangement or replacement of the pins.
  • FIG. 1 is a sectional elevation showing one form of a seven-axial-pin tumbler lock according to the inventron;
  • FIG. 2 is a front view corresponding to FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a rear view corresponding to FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing a key according to the invention, for the seven-axial-pin tumbler lock
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 are end views corresponding to FIG. 4;
  • FIGS. 7 and 8 are side and end elevations showing a key finger
  • FIG. 9 is a largely sectional elevation showing another form of seven-axial-pin tumbler lock according to the invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a front view corresponding to FIG. 9;
  • FIG. 11 is a rear view corresponding to FIG. 9.
  • the body part 11 comprises a screw-threaded shaft 12 and anintegral magazine 13 which carries, in a ring of axial bores 14, a series of seven front or driver pins 15.
  • a collar 16 secured to the casing 10 by keys indicated at 17 in FIGS. 1 and 3 (or alternatively by one or more radial pegs or fingers), provides a stationary magazine which carries, in a ring of axialbores 18, a series of seven rear pins 19 which are loaded by compression springs 20.
  • the rear pins 19 were of uniform length and it was therefore possible to determine the lock combination by fully depressing each pair of pins by means of a feeler inserted into opening 15A.
  • the rear pins 19 are also of different lengths and thus it is impossible to determine, by such a feeler, the respective depressions required for the front pins.
  • the washer 21 may be formed with a series of different indents indicated at 21A in FIG. 1 which acts as stops for the pins 19, or the springs 20 may be adapted to bottom at different depths.
  • the circlip 22 can be removed to allow withdrawal of the collar magazine 16 and the body part 1 1; this allows the pins 15 to be readily rearranged (or replaced) to change the combination of the lock, and it will be noted that the body part 11 is formed with an outer shoulder 11A which acts to prevent the pins 15 dropping out (forwardly) when the body 11 is removed; the collar magazine 16 complete with the captive pins 19, may also, be alternatively, be replaced.
  • the key comprises a body part 23 having a finger piece 24, and formed with a series of seven axial recesses or grooves 25 which extend along tubular shaft 26 of body part 23 and enter annular recess 27.
  • the left-hand end of the tubular shaft 26 is formed with a short outer rib 28 to enter locating notch 29 in the lock casing and body part (FIGS. 1 and 2) and an inner rib 30 extends along the shaft to enter locating groove 31 in the lock body part.
  • a set of seven fingers is provided for the key and each finger, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, comprises a central shoulder 32, a positioning limb 33, and a working limb 34; the limbs 33 are all of the same length whereas the lengths of limbs 34 are different.
  • Each limb 34 has an inner face curved to mate with a groove 25.
  • the fingers of the set are selectively positioned on the grooves 25, in accordance with the required lock combination, and a clamping collar 35 is then screwed onto the body part 23 to engage the shoulders 32 and clamp the fingers in their required positions.
  • a clamping collar 35 is then screwed onto the body part 23 to engage the shoulders 32 and clamp the fingers in their required positions.
  • only one finger is shown, in broken lines, in FIGS. 4 and 5.
  • the limbs 34 which are slender and relatively fragile, are guarded against damage by nesting in the grooves 25.
  • keys can readily be supplied to order, thesupplier having stocks of key bodies and of numbered fingers of the various required lengths; it will also be appreciated that a key can be changed to suit the new combination of an altered lock.
  • the lock comprises a cylindrical casing 110 and a rotary body part 111.
  • the body part 111 comprises a shaft 112 and an integral magazine 113 which carries, in a ring of axial bores 1 14, a series of seven front or driver pins 115. v
  • the rear pins 119 which are of different lengths, are
  • the inner end part of the shaft 112 is of reduced, non-circular section and carries discs 140 and 141 which are held in position by circlip 142.
  • the discs are arranged to rotate, with shaft 112, in a shaped sleeve member 143 which is secured in position in-casing 110 by a pin 144.
  • the front disc 140 engages in a short groove 145 and is formed with a cut-out 146 which, when aligned with the front wall of groove 145, allows the disc to pass forwardly free of the member 143.
  • the rear disc 141 includes an almost semi-circular part 147 having ends 148 arranged to engage part 149 of sleeve member 143 and so provide two limits to the rotation of body part 111.
  • the end of the shaft 112 is formed as a flat blade 150 and an output member 151 is formed with a slot 152 in which the blade 150 is in driving engagement. Shoulder 110A on the casing 110 prevents rearward removal of the magazines.
  • the outer end of member 151 comprises a screw-threaded shaft 112A to which a locking lever or the like (not shown) is secured.
  • the lock shown in FIGS. 9 to 11 operates in a manner similar'to that shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, but the recess in the body portion 111.
  • the key in this case is formed with a projection, such as 28 in FIG. 4, and, when the key is inserted into the lock, the roller is pushed outwardly into cavity 156 in the casing 110.
  • the key can only be inserted and removed when the roller 153 is aligned with the cavity 156. It will be appreciated that after the key projection has passed the roller 153, the roller returns to recess 155 and the key can be rotated. It will also be appreciated that when the magazines are being withdrawn, the key may be retained and this will facilitate retraction of the body part 111.
  • only one body cavity 156 is provided and so the key can only be inserted and withdrawn when the body part 111 is in one predetermined position.
  • the lock body part is formed with a principal locating groove 131 and two supplementary locating grooves 157, and, in this case, corresponding inner ribs 158, shown in broken lines in FIG. 5, are provided on the key shaft.
  • the number of possible lock combinations can be increased by varying the number and/or position of the additional locating grooves 157 in the lock and ribs 158 on the key.
  • a multiple-axial-pintumbler lock comprising: a tubular body part; a removable unit mounted within said tubular body part and comprising a rotary magazine carrying a series of driver pins and adapted to be turned by a key having fingers engageable with said driver pins and a stationary magazine carrying a series of spring-loaded pins of different non-uniform lengths and adapted to be depressed by the driver pins to free the rotary magazine so that it can be turned relatively to the stationary magazine, said rotary magazine having means adapted to cooperate with its driver pins and prevent their displacement forwardly from the rotary magazine, the rotary magazine and the stationary magazine being provided with interengaging means permitting separation of the two magazines forming said unit for removal from the tubular body part to permit replacement of the said driver pins, said stationary magazine having means for retaining the spring-loaded pins captive therein upon separation of the two magazines from one another, the full strokes of movement of the spring-loaded pins in said stationary magazine being non-uniform in extent and selected at random so that they have no relationship to the

Landscapes

  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
  • Lock And Its Accessories (AREA)
  • Hooks, Suction Cups, And Attachment By Adhesive Means (AREA)
US780637A 1967-12-07 1968-12-03 Multiple-axial-pin tumbler lock Expired - Lifetime US3681955A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB5566067 1967-12-07

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3681955A true US3681955A (en) 1972-08-08

Family

ID=10474512

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US780637A Expired - Lifetime US3681955A (en) 1967-12-07 1968-12-03 Multiple-axial-pin tumbler lock
US41934*[A Expired - Lifetime US3681957A (en) 1967-12-07 1970-12-16 Multiple-axial-pin tumbler lock

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US41934*[A Expired - Lifetime US3681957A (en) 1967-12-07 1970-12-16 Multiple-axial-pin tumbler lock

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (2) US3681955A (de)
JP (1) JPS499677B1 (de)
AT (2) AT299008B (de)
CH (1) CH488913A (de)
CS (1) CS185401B1 (de)
DE (1) DE1812527A1 (de)
FR (1) FR1594156A (de)
GB (1) GB1250455A (de)

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3762193A (en) * 1971-11-09 1973-10-02 R Hucknall Pick-resistant lock
US4111020A (en) * 1977-08-15 1978-09-05 Chicago Lock Co. Pick-resistant axial split-pin tumbler-type lock mechanism
US4662198A (en) * 1985-03-20 1987-05-05 Warrior Corporation Axial split-pin tumbler-type lock mechanism for a pop-out lock
US4716749A (en) * 1987-01-16 1988-01-05 Fort Lock Corporation High security pin tumbler lock
US4831852A (en) * 1988-06-06 1989-05-23 Hughes Donald R Key operated lock
US4899565A (en) * 1989-08-30 1990-02-13 Chicago Lock Company Square shaped axial split pin tumbler lock
US5105637A (en) * 1990-10-05 1992-04-21 Parkway Machine Corporation Convertible barrel lock
US5349835A (en) * 1993-07-27 1994-09-27 Liao Wu Chang Cylindrical lock
US5979200A (en) * 1997-12-12 1999-11-09 Compx International, Inc. Axial pin tumbler removable core lock
US20030024287A1 (en) * 2001-02-06 2003-02-06 Field Peter H. Key blank, key and master keying system
US20070131008A1 (en) * 2005-12-14 2007-06-14 Compx International Inc. Anti-pick lock devices and methodologies

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4045983A (en) * 1976-07-29 1977-09-06 Hughes Donald R Universal barrel key apparatus
DE3216481A1 (de) * 1982-04-30 1983-11-03 Fa. Aug. Winkhaus, 4404 Telgte Schluesselbetaetigter schliesszylinder
US4622834A (en) * 1985-05-24 1986-11-18 Hughes Donald R Key assembly
US6957556B1 (en) * 2004-06-30 2005-10-25 Don Dongcho Ha Disk tumbler lock and key, improved means and methods of manufacturing for

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US913942A (en) * 1907-12-21 1909-03-02 John W Bodge Lock.
US1619252A (en) * 1921-12-12 1927-03-01 Harry F George Tumbler lock
US1891214A (en) * 1931-12-05 1932-12-13 Independent Lock Co Lock
US2292515A (en) * 1941-06-21 1942-08-11 Harry F George Tumbler lock
US2525344A (en) * 1947-06-17 1950-10-10 Garniss George Winslow Ball tumbler type cylinder lock
GB940428A (en) * 1958-12-19 1963-10-30 Lowe & Fletcher Ltd Improvements relating to locks
US3204437A (en) * 1960-12-08 1965-09-07 Dreyfus Jean Albert Lock
US3270538A (en) * 1965-06-11 1966-09-06 Chicago Lock Co Tamper-proof axial tumbler lock
US3339384A (en) * 1965-07-06 1967-09-05 Louis Wolff Tumbler lock
US3380268A (en) * 1966-02-07 1968-04-30 Perrill Harlan Knox Pin tumbler lock

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3142167A (en) * 1961-07-28 1964-07-28 Chicago Lock Co Adjustable key and assembly jig therefor
US3330141A (en) * 1965-08-25 1967-07-11 Louis Wolff Resettable key
US3572070A (en) * 1969-05-22 1971-03-23 Max K Brand Settable key and setting mechanism for tubular lock

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US913942A (en) * 1907-12-21 1909-03-02 John W Bodge Lock.
US1619252A (en) * 1921-12-12 1927-03-01 Harry F George Tumbler lock
US1891214A (en) * 1931-12-05 1932-12-13 Independent Lock Co Lock
US2292515A (en) * 1941-06-21 1942-08-11 Harry F George Tumbler lock
US2525344A (en) * 1947-06-17 1950-10-10 Garniss George Winslow Ball tumbler type cylinder lock
GB940428A (en) * 1958-12-19 1963-10-30 Lowe & Fletcher Ltd Improvements relating to locks
US3204437A (en) * 1960-12-08 1965-09-07 Dreyfus Jean Albert Lock
US3270538A (en) * 1965-06-11 1966-09-06 Chicago Lock Co Tamper-proof axial tumbler lock
US3339384A (en) * 1965-07-06 1967-09-05 Louis Wolff Tumbler lock
US3380268A (en) * 1966-02-07 1968-04-30 Perrill Harlan Knox Pin tumbler lock

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3762193A (en) * 1971-11-09 1973-10-02 R Hucknall Pick-resistant lock
US4111020A (en) * 1977-08-15 1978-09-05 Chicago Lock Co. Pick-resistant axial split-pin tumbler-type lock mechanism
US4662198A (en) * 1985-03-20 1987-05-05 Warrior Corporation Axial split-pin tumbler-type lock mechanism for a pop-out lock
US4716749A (en) * 1987-01-16 1988-01-05 Fort Lock Corporation High security pin tumbler lock
US4831852A (en) * 1988-06-06 1989-05-23 Hughes Donald R Key operated lock
US4899565A (en) * 1989-08-30 1990-02-13 Chicago Lock Company Square shaped axial split pin tumbler lock
US5105637A (en) * 1990-10-05 1992-04-21 Parkway Machine Corporation Convertible barrel lock
US5349835A (en) * 1993-07-27 1994-09-27 Liao Wu Chang Cylindrical lock
US5979200A (en) * 1997-12-12 1999-11-09 Compx International, Inc. Axial pin tumbler removable core lock
US20030024287A1 (en) * 2001-02-06 2003-02-06 Field Peter H. Key blank, key and master keying system
US6945082B2 (en) * 2001-02-06 2005-09-20 Medeco Security Locks, Inc. Key blank, key and master keying system
US20070131008A1 (en) * 2005-12-14 2007-06-14 Compx International Inc. Anti-pick lock devices and methodologies

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH488913A (de) 1970-04-15
FR1594156A (de) 1970-06-01
US3681957A (en) 1972-08-08
JPS499677B1 (de) 1974-03-06
CS185401B1 (en) 1978-09-15
AT299008B (de) 1972-04-15
GB1250455A (de) 1971-10-20
AT286815B (de) 1970-12-28
DE1812527A1 (de) 1969-07-03

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