US3681723A - Magnetic membrane switch - Google Patents

Magnetic membrane switch Download PDF

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US3681723A
US3681723A US206464A US3681723DA US3681723A US 3681723 A US3681723 A US 3681723A US 206464 A US206464 A US 206464A US 3681723D A US3681723D A US 3681723DA US 3681723 A US3681723 A US 3681723A
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sheet
sheets
switch
opposed
flexible
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US206464A
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Frederick Martin Goll
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AT&T Corp
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Western Electric Co Inc
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Assigned to AT & T TECHNOLOGIES, INC., reassignment AT & T TECHNOLOGIES, INC., CHANGE OF NAME (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). EFFECTIVE JAN. 3,1984 Assignors: WESTERN ELECTRIC COMPANY, INCORPORATED
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H13/00—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch
    • H01H13/70—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a plurality of operating members associated with different sets of contacts, e.g. keyboard
    • H01H13/78—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a plurality of operating members associated with different sets of contacts, e.g. keyboard characterised by the contacts or the contact sites
    • H01H13/785—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a plurality of operating members associated with different sets of contacts, e.g. keyboard characterised by the contacts or the contact sites characterised by the material of the contacts, e.g. conductive polymers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H13/00—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch
    • H01H13/70—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a plurality of operating members associated with different sets of contacts, e.g. keyboard
    • H01H13/702—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a plurality of operating members associated with different sets of contacts, e.g. keyboard with contacts carried by or formed from layers in a multilayer structure, e.g. membrane switches
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H36/00—Switches actuated by change of magnetic field or of electric field, e.g. by change of relative position of magnet and switch, by shielding
    • H01H36/0073—Switches actuated by change of magnetic field or of electric field, e.g. by change of relative position of magnet and switch, by shielding actuated by relative movement between two magnets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H13/00—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch
    • H01H13/70—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a plurality of operating members associated with different sets of contacts, e.g. keyboard
    • H01H13/702—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a plurality of operating members associated with different sets of contacts, e.g. keyboard with contacts carried by or formed from layers in a multilayer structure, e.g. membrane switches
    • H01H13/703—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a plurality of operating members associated with different sets of contacts, e.g. keyboard with contacts carried by or formed from layers in a multilayer structure, e.g. membrane switches characterised by spacers between contact carrying layers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2201/00—Contacts
    • H01H2201/022—Material
    • H01H2201/03—Composite
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2209/00—Layers
    • H01H2209/002—Materials
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2209/00—Layers
    • H01H2209/024—Properties of the substrate
    • H01H2209/03—Properties of the substrate elastomeric
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2209/00—Layers
    • H01H2209/046—Properties of the spacer
    • H01H2209/052—Properties of the spacer elastomeric
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2209/00—Layers
    • H01H2209/068—Properties of the membrane
    • H01H2209/074—Properties of the membrane elastomeric
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2217/00—Facilitation of operation; Human engineering
    • H01H2217/018—Indication of switch sites
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2221/00—Actuators
    • H01H2221/036—Return force
    • H01H2221/04—Return force magnetic
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2227/00—Dimensions; Characteristics
    • H01H2227/002—Layer thickness
    • H01H2227/006—Spacer
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2227/00—Dimensions; Characteristics
    • H01H2227/018—Printed contacts; Metal foil
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2229/00—Manufacturing
    • H01H2229/012—Vacuum deposition
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2229/00—Manufacturing
    • H01H2229/044—Injection moulding

Definitions

  • a MAGNETIC MEMBRANE SWITCH [72] Inventor: Frederick Martin Goll, Treichlers,
  • a magnetic membrane switch includes two opposed sheets of material which are magnetized in such a way that they repel each other. At least one of these sheets is flexible. The sheets are supported so that there is a predetermined spacing between them. The opposed faces of the sheets are provided with a thin metallic pattern. Portions of the metallic pattern can be made to contact one another by pressing on localized sections of the flexible sheet. The resulting contact achieves a switching operation.
  • the switch By placing an alpha-numeric code on one of the sheets, the switch can be utilized as a keyboard.
  • keyboard instruments of a simple and inexpensive design.
  • a greater and greater amount of information is being transmitted by keyboard-type inputs.
  • Presently utilized keyboards typically involve individual mechanical elements for producing an electric contact associated with each alpha-numeric symbol.
  • Another object of this invention is the provision of new and useful methods of interconnecting conductors.
  • a switch which includes first and second sheets of dielectric material which are magnetized so that the opposed sheets repel one another. As least one of the sheets is flexible. The magnetized sheets are held in a desired spacing such that a portion of the first sheet can be made to contact an opposed portion of the second sheet by exerting a localized force on the flexible sheet.
  • Each of the sheets are provided with a thin metallic switching pattern arranged so that when a particular portion of one of the sheets is contacted with the opposed portion, a desired switching arrangement is achieved.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of various elements mag-
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic representation of a useful mag netic profile for the magnetic elements of the keyboard of FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 2 shows various elements of the keyboard 20 in an expanded arrangement and with a supporting frame 21 removed. It should be noted that the keyboard 20 is shown with only four alpha-numeric symbols for purposes of simplicity. The inventive principles embodied in the illustrative example can be applied to keyboards having in unlimited number of alpha-numeric symbols.
  • an upper sheet designated generally by the numeral 22, of flexible magnetic material overlies a lower sheet 24 of mag netic of material.
  • the lower sheet 24 may be either flexible or rigid. If application of the keyboard 20 to a curved surface is desired, flexibility within the sheet 24 may be useful. However, if the keyboard is to be used on a flat surface, the sheet 24 may be rigid.
  • One example of a material which is useful for making the sheets 22 and 24 is a polymeric sheet available from B. F. Goodrich Industrial Products Company, Akron, Ohio which is sold under the product designation Koroseal.This material has ferrite particles embedded in a poly-vinyl chloride binder.
  • Each of the sheets 22 and 24 is provided with metallic elements 26 thereon.
  • the metallic elements 26 must be thin and flexible when they are applied to flexible sheets, such as the sheet 22.
  • One particularly advantageous way of applying the metallic elements to the sheets 22 and 24 is by a process of vapor deposition such as evaporation, sputtering or the like.
  • One suitable application of the metallic elements 26 to the sheets 22 and 24 was accomplished by evaporating 1,000 angstroms of titanium and 50,000 anstroms of gold through metallic stainless steel masks onto the sheets 22 and 24.
  • the metallic elements 26 were deposited on the flexible sheet 22 having a thickness of 0.050 inch.
  • the sheet 22 was supported 0.001 inch from the sheet 24 in an operable switching arrangement.
  • the metallic elements 26 are formed with contact portions 28 and lead portions 30.
  • the contact portions are arranged to provide perpendicular intersections of the metallic material when an alpha-numeric symbol is depressed.
  • the lead portions 30 of each sheet are arranged to emerge from the sheet on a substantially parallel path so that connections to the sheets 22 and 24 can be readily provided.
  • An insulating sheet 34 is interposed between the magnetic sheets 22 and 24.
  • the insulating sheet 34 is provided with openings 36 that correspond to the position of the contact portions 28.
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the keyboard 20, it can be seen that when a portion of the sheet 22 with one of the symbols is depressed, electrical contact occurs between the contact portions 28 which underlie that symbol.
  • the lead portions 30 associated with the particular engaged contact portions 28 are connected to the apparatus which is to be controlled by the keyboard through conventional connection means, such as connection terminals 40 and other connecting elements (not shown).
  • the upper sheet 22 is not a simple flat sheet even though a simple flat member is a perfectly acceptable and workable configuration for the upper sheet.
  • the upper sheet illustrated in the drawings is provided with raised portions 42 in the area of the alpha-numeric symbols.
  • a raised portion on the outside of the keyboard facilitates ease of manual contact with the desired area of the keyboard.
  • Raised portions 44 on the contact side of the sheet 22 provide for more positive electrical connection between the contact portions 28. Since the sheet 22 is a polymeric substance, the raised portions 42 and 44 can easily be molded into the sheet during the fabrication thereof.
  • buttons supported above the upper sheet in a loosely fitting frame (not shown).
  • FIG. 4 shows one workable scheme by which the sheets 22 and 24 can be magnetized so that they will' continuously repel one another. Obviously many other patterns for magnetization can be utilized to accomplish the desired object of having the alpha-numeric symbols repulsively held above the lower sheet 24.
  • a switch which comprises: a flexible sheet of dielectric material having magnetized portions; another sheet of dielectric material opposite the first sheet having magnetized portions, the magnetization being such that the magnetized portions of the opposed sheets repel one another; means for holding the sheets in a desired spaced relationship such that exerting a localized force on the flexible sheet results in a portion of the flexible sheet contacting an opposed portion of the othe sheet; and Y a conductive switching pattern formed on the surfaces of each sheet which face one another, whereby upon the exertion of the localized force a particular portion of one of the sheets contacts the opposed portion to effect a switching action.
  • the switch of claim I wherein the thin metallic pattern is formed of composite, vapor-deposited layers of titanium and gold.
  • a switch which comprises:
  • first and second opposed flexible sheets of dielectric material having various portions thereof permanently magnetized, such that the opposed sheets repel one another;
  • a method of connecting conductors which comprises:

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Abstract

A magnetic membrane switch includes two opposed sheets of material which are magnetized in such a way that they repel each other. At least one of these sheets is flexible. The sheets are supported so that there is a predetermined spacing between them. The opposed faces of the sheets are provided with a thin metallic pattern. Portions of the metallic pattern can be made to contact one another by pressing on localized sections of the flexible sheet. The resulting contact achieves a switching operation. By placing an alpha-numeric code on one of the sheets, the switch can be utilized as a keyboard.

Description

Goll
[54] A MAGNETIC MEMBRANE SWITCH [72] Inventor: Frederick Martin Goll, Treichlers,
[73] Assignee: Western Electric Company, Incorporated, New York, NY.
[22] Filed: Dec. 9, 1971 [21] Appl. No.: 206,464
[52] U.S. Cl. ..335/207, 200/86 R, 200/ 159 B [51] Int. Cl. ..H0lh l/54, H01h 3/12 [58] Field of Search .200/86 R, 159 B; 335/205, 206,
[5 6] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 3,383,487 5/1968 Wiener ..335/205 3,617,660 11/1971 Virakinowski ..200/86 R OTHER PUBLICATIONS Pin Board, IBM Technical Disclosure Bulletin,
[451 Aug. 1,1972
Vol. 8, No. 1, June 1965, page 23.
Primary Examiner-Roy N. Envall, .Ir. Attorney-W. M. Kain 5 7 1 ABSTRACT A magnetic membrane switch includes two opposed sheets of material which are magnetized in such a way that they repel each other. At least one of these sheets is flexible. The sheets are supported so that there is a predetermined spacing between them. The opposed faces of the sheets are provided with a thin metallic pattern. Portions of the metallic pattern can be made to contact one another by pressing on localized sections of the flexible sheet. The resulting contact achieves a switching operation.
By placing an alpha-numeric code on one of the sheets, the switch can be utilized as a keyboard.
1 1 Claims, 4 Drawing Figures PATENTED 11972 3 681 723 SHEET 1 0F 2 BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention This invention relates to membrane switches and their use as alpha-numeric keyboards.
2. Description of the Prior Art There is an increasing need in the telecommunications industry for keyboard instruments of a simple and inexpensive design. A greater and greater amount of information is being transmitted by keyboard-type inputs. Presently utilized keyboards typically involve individual mechanical elements for producing an electric contact associated with each alpha-numeric symbol.
Various attempts have been made to produce a so called membrane-type of keyboard in which two flexible members are held in spaced relation. Electrical contact associated with a particular alpha-numeric symbol is produced when a localized region of one of the separated membranes is made to contact the opposed membrane. In a membrane-type keyboard, it is of course, necessary to provide some resiliency in the structure so that the depressed localized regions will return to a non-contact position when the associated alpha-numeric symbol is released. Previous attempts at providing the desired resiliency within membrane-type keyboards have not been entirely successful.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION membrane-type keyboard.
Another object of this invention is the provision of new and useful methods of interconnecting conductors.
This and other objectives are achieved by providing a switch which includes first and second sheets of dielectric material which are magnetized so that the opposed sheets repel one another. As least one of the sheets is flexible. The magnetized sheets are held in a desired spacing such that a portion of the first sheet can be made to contact an opposed portion of the second sheet by exerting a localized force on the flexible sheet. Each of the sheets are provided with a thin metallic switching pattern arranged so that when a particular portion of one of the sheets is contacted with the opposed portion, a desired switching arrangement is achieved.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Other objects and features of the present invention will be more readily understood from the following detailed description of specific embodiments thereof, when read in conjunction with the appended drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of various elements mag- FIG. 4 is a schematic representation of a useful mag netic profile for the magnetic elements of the keyboard of FIG. 1.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION A composite keyboard, designated generally by the numeral 20, which embodies the inventive switching arrangement is illustrated in FIG. 1. FIG. 2 shows various elements of the keyboard 20 in an expanded arrangement and with a supporting frame 21 removed. It should be noted that the keyboard 20 is shown with only four alpha-numeric symbols for purposes of simplicity. The inventive principles embodied in the illustrative example can be applied to keyboards having in unlimited number of alpha-numeric symbols.
Referring now to FIG. 2, it can be seen that an upper sheet, designated generally by the numeral 22, of flexible magnetic material overlies a lower sheet 24 of mag netic of material. The lower sheet 24 may be either flexible or rigid. If application of the keyboard 20 to a curved surface is desired, flexibility within the sheet 24 may be useful. However, if the keyboard is to be used on a flat surface, the sheet 24 may be rigid.
One example of a material which is useful for making the sheets 22 and 24 is a polymeric sheet available from B. F. Goodrich Industrial Products Company, Akron, Ohio which is sold under the product designation Koroseal.This material has ferrite particles embedded in a poly-vinyl chloride binder.
Each of the sheets 22 and 24 is provided with metallic elements 26 thereon. The metallic elements 26 must be thin and flexible when they are applied to flexible sheets, such as the sheet 22. One particularly advantageous way of applying the metallic elements to the sheets 22 and 24 is by a process of vapor deposition such as evaporation, sputtering or the like.
One suitable application of the metallic elements 26 to the sheets 22 and 24 was accomplished by evaporating 1,000 angstroms of titanium and 50,000 anstroms of gold through metallic stainless steel masks onto the sheets 22 and 24. The metallic elements 26 were deposited on the flexible sheet 22 having a thickness of 0.050 inch. The sheet 22 was supported 0.001 inch from the sheet 24 in an operable switching arrangement.
In cases where a mechanically stronger conductor system is desired, it may be advantageous to employ a metallic element formed of titanium-palladium-coppergold.
It can be seen in FIG. 2 that the metallic elements 26 are formed with contact portions 28 and lead portions 30. The contact portions are arranged to provide perpendicular intersections of the metallic material when an alpha-numeric symbol is depressed. The lead portions 30 of each sheet are arranged to emerge from the sheet on a substantially parallel path so that connections to the sheets 22 and 24 can be readily provided.
An insulating sheet 34 is interposed between the magnetic sheets 22 and 24. The insulating sheet 34 is provided with openings 36 that correspond to the position of the contact portions 28.
Referring now to FIG. 3, which is a cross-sectional view of the keyboard 20, it can be seen that when a portion of the sheet 22 with one of the symbols is depressed, electrical contact occurs between the contact portions 28 which underlie that symbol. The lead portions 30 associated with the particular engaged contact portions 28 are connected to the apparatus which is to be controlled by the keyboard through conventional connection means, such as connection terminals 40 and other connecting elements (not shown).
As illustrated in FIGS. 1-3, the upper sheet 22 is not a simple flat sheet even though a simple flat member is a perfectly acceptable and workable configuration for the upper sheet. The upper sheet illustrated in the drawings is provided with raised portions 42 in the area of the alpha-numeric symbols. A raised portion on the outside of the keyboard, of course, facilitates ease of manual contact with the desired area of the keyboard. Raised portions 44 on the contact side of the sheet 22 provide for more positive electrical connection between the contact portions 28. Since the sheet 22 is a polymeric substance, the raised portions 42 and 44 can easily be molded into the sheet during the fabrication thereof. v
An alternate to the extruded or molded projection might include separate buttons supported above the upper sheet in a loosely fitting frame (not shown).
FIG. 4 shows one workable scheme by which the sheets 22 and 24 can be magnetized so that they will' continuously repel one another. Obviously many other patterns for magnetization can be utilized to accomplish the desired object of having the alpha-numeric symbols repulsively held above the lower sheet 24.
Although certain embodiments of the invention have been shown in the drawings and described in the specification, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited thereto, is capable of modification and can be arranged without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. What is claimed is: l. A switch which comprises: a flexible sheet of dielectric material having magnetized portions; another sheet of dielectric material opposite the first sheet having magnetized portions, the magnetization being such that the magnetized portions of the opposed sheets repel one another; means for holding the sheets in a desired spaced relationship such that exerting a localized force on the flexible sheet results in a portion of the flexible sheet contacting an opposed portion of the othe sheet; and Y a conductive switching pattern formed on the surfaces of each sheet which face one another, whereby upon the exertion of the localized force a particular portion of one of the sheets contacts the opposed portion to effect a switching action.
2. The switch of claim 1 wherein the sheets are formed of a. polymeric substance impregnated with magnetic particles.
3. The switch of claim 2 wherein the magnetic sheets are provided with integral projections extending from their facing surfaces and underlying the metallic pattern, the ridges being positioned to provide for positive electrical contacts when an associated area of the switch is flexed.
4. The sWitch of claim 1 wherein one of the sheets is labeled with an alpha-numeric code on the side opposite that bearing the metallic pattern, whereby the switch can be utili e as a eyboard.
5. The switch 0 c aim wherein the portions of the sheet bearing the alpha-numeric symbols are raised projections.
6. The switch of claim I wherein the thin metallic pattern is formed of composite, vapor-deposited layers of titanium and gold.
7. The switch of claim 6 wherein the metallic pattern includes layers of palladium and copper between the titanium and gold.
8. The switch of claim 1 wherein the flexible sheet has a maximum thickness of 0. inch and the spacing between the opposed surfaces of the metallic pattern is less than 0.005 inch.
9. The switch of claim I wherein an insulating sheet is interposed between the magnetized dielectric sheets, the insulating sheet having openings therein at positions which correspond to desired contact points of the switch.
10. A switch which comprises:
first and second opposed flexible sheets of dielectric material having various portions thereof permanently magnetized, such that the opposed sheets repel one another;
means to hold the magnetized sheets in a desired spaced relationship such that a portion of the first sheet can be made to contact an opposed portion of the second sheet by exerting a localized force on the first sheet; and
a thin metallic switching pattern formed on the surfaces of each sheet which face one another, whereby when a particular portion of one of the sheets is contacted with the opposed portion a desired switching arrangement is achieved.
11. A method of connecting conductors, which comprises:
magnetizing at least one magnetic portion of a first sheet of dielectric material, said portion being connected to at least one conductor;
magnetizing at least one magnetic portion of a second sheet of dielectric material, said portion being connected to at least one other conductor, at least one of the sheets being flexible;
supporting said sheets in a spaced relationship so that said magnetic portions are opposite to, spaced from, and repel each other; and
exerting a localized force on at least one sheet that is flexible to engage the conductors and thereby interconnect the conductors connected thereto.

Claims (11)

1. A switch which comprises: a flexible sheet of dielectric material having magnetized portions; another sheet of dielectric material opposite the first sheet having magnetized portions, the magnetization being such that the magnetized portions of the opposed sheets repel one another; means for holding the sheets in a desired spaced relationship such that exerting a localized force on the flexible sheet results in a portion of the flexible sheet contacting an opposed portion of the other sheet; and a conductive switching pattern formed on the surfaces of each sheet which face one another, whereby upon the exertion of the localized force a particular portion of one of the sheets contacts the opposed portion to effect a switching action.
2. The switch of claim 1 wherein the sheets are formed of a polymeric substance impregnated with magnetic particles.
3. The switch of claim 2 wherein the magnetic sheets are provided with integral projections extending from their facing surfaces and underlying the metallic pattern, the ridges being positioned to provide for positive electrical contacts when an associated area of the switch is flexed.
4. The sWitch of claim 1 wherein one of the sheets is labeled with an alpha-numeric code on the side opposite that bearing the metallic pattern, whereby the switch can be utilized as a keyboard.
5. The switch of claim 4 wherein the portions of the sheet bearing the alpha-numeric symbols are raised projections.
6. The switch of claim 1 wherein the thin metallic pattern is formed of composite, vapor-deposited layers of titanium and gold.
7. The switch of claim 6 wherein the metallic pattern includes layers of palladium and copper between the titanium and gold.
8. The switch of claim 1 wherein the flexible sheet has a maximum thickness of 0.100 inch and the spacing between the opposed surfaces of the metallic pattern is less than 0.005 inch.
9. The switch of claim 1 wherein an insulating sheet is interposed between the magnetized dielectric sheets, the insulating sheet having openings therein at positions which correspond to desired contact points of the switch.
10. A switch which comprises: first and second opposed flexible sheets of dielectric material having various portions thereof permanently magnetized, such that the opposed sheets repel one another; means to hold the magnetized sheets in a desired spaced relationship such that a portion of the first sheet can be made to contact an opposed portion of the second sheet by exerting a localized force on the first sheet; and a thin metallic switching pattern formed on the surfaces of each sheet which face one another, whereby when a particular portion of one of the sheEts is contacted with the opposed portion a desired switching arrangement is achieved.
11. A method of connecting conductors, which comprises: magnetizing at least one magnetic portion of a first sheet of dielectric material, said portion being connected to at least one conductor; magnetizing at least one magnetic portion of a second sheet of dielectric material, said portion being connected to at least one other conductor, at least one of the sheets being flexible; supporting said sheets in a spaced relationship so that said magnetic portions are opposite to, spaced from, and repel each other; and exerting a localized force on at least one sheet that is flexible to engage the conductors and thereby interconnect the conductors connected thereto.
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Cited By (23)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3854018A (en) * 1973-06-14 1974-12-10 Amp Inc Multiple circuit selector switch assembly having movable contact means adapted to retain itself in closed circuit position
JPS5182977U (en) * 1974-12-26 1976-07-02
US3971902A (en) * 1975-03-21 1976-07-27 Amp Incorporated Keyboard switch assembly having one piece plural pushbutton actuator and resilient mounting structure for plural cantilever beam contacts
US4027129A (en) * 1973-08-24 1977-05-31 Giko Kabushiki Kaisha Push button switch
US4068202A (en) * 1976-06-07 1978-01-10 Walter F. Wessendorf, Jr. Reciprocable magnet switch
US4402131A (en) * 1981-08-05 1983-09-06 Advanced Circuit Technology Electrical switch assembly and method of manufacture
US4414452A (en) * 1982-12-13 1983-11-08 Oak Industries Inc. Means for attaching auxiliary devices to a membrane switch
US4446342A (en) * 1980-12-15 1984-05-01 Advanced Circuit Technology Electrical switch assembly and method of manufacture
US4513271A (en) * 1982-07-16 1985-04-23 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Momentary contact magnetic switch
EP0145458A2 (en) * 1983-12-09 1985-06-19 Toray Silicone Company Limited Method for molding multicolored silicone rubber articles
EP0148611A2 (en) * 1983-12-20 1985-07-17 Toray Silicone Company Limited Method for manufacturing printed moldings
USRE32977E (en) * 1983-04-20 1989-07-04 Brother Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Key-holding structure of keyboard with curved operating surface of keys
US5921382A (en) * 1998-09-30 1999-07-13 Datahand Systems, Inc Magnetically enhanced membrane switch
US6130593A (en) * 1995-06-02 2000-10-10 Duraswitch Industries Inc. Switch panel having a magnetically-retained overlay
WO2001029854A1 (en) * 1999-10-18 2001-04-26 Duraswitch Industries, Inc. Island switch
US6274832B1 (en) * 1998-10-30 2001-08-14 Alfa Co., Ltd. Switch actuators for toys
US6400246B1 (en) * 2001-12-20 2002-06-04 Duraswitch Industries, Inc. Switch with magnetically coupled dual armature
GB2433351A (en) * 2005-12-16 2007-06-20 Dale Mcphee Purcocks A switch for a keyboard
US20080296141A1 (en) * 2005-08-25 2008-12-04 Toshinobu Ogatsu Key Input Apparatus and Electronic Device
CN102486976A (en) * 2010-12-04 2012-06-06 富葵精密组件(深圳)有限公司 Key module and electronic device with key module
US20130082807A1 (en) * 2011-09-30 2013-04-04 Kevin Wilson Multi Integrated Switching Device Structures
US20170221660A1 (en) * 2016-01-29 2017-08-03 Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc Magnetically aligned circuit
US11551881B2 (en) 2018-03-20 2023-01-10 Auckland Uniservices Limited Flexible switches affected by lateral or vertical actuation

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Cited By (35)

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US3854018A (en) * 1973-06-14 1974-12-10 Amp Inc Multiple circuit selector switch assembly having movable contact means adapted to retain itself in closed circuit position
US4027129A (en) * 1973-08-24 1977-05-31 Giko Kabushiki Kaisha Push button switch
JPS5182977U (en) * 1974-12-26 1976-07-02
US3971902A (en) * 1975-03-21 1976-07-27 Amp Incorporated Keyboard switch assembly having one piece plural pushbutton actuator and resilient mounting structure for plural cantilever beam contacts
US4068202A (en) * 1976-06-07 1978-01-10 Walter F. Wessendorf, Jr. Reciprocable magnet switch
US4446342A (en) * 1980-12-15 1984-05-01 Advanced Circuit Technology Electrical switch assembly and method of manufacture
US4402131A (en) * 1981-08-05 1983-09-06 Advanced Circuit Technology Electrical switch assembly and method of manufacture
US4513271A (en) * 1982-07-16 1985-04-23 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Momentary contact magnetic switch
US4414452A (en) * 1982-12-13 1983-11-08 Oak Industries Inc. Means for attaching auxiliary devices to a membrane switch
USRE32977E (en) * 1983-04-20 1989-07-04 Brother Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Key-holding structure of keyboard with curved operating surface of keys
EP0145458A2 (en) * 1983-12-09 1985-06-19 Toray Silicone Company Limited Method for molding multicolored silicone rubber articles
EP0145458A3 (en) * 1983-12-09 1987-05-13 Toray Silicone Company Limited Method for molding multicolored silicone rubber articles
EP0148611A2 (en) * 1983-12-20 1985-07-17 Toray Silicone Company Limited Method for manufacturing printed moldings
EP0148611A3 (en) * 1983-12-20 1987-05-20 Toray Silicone Company Limited Method for manufacturing printed moldings
US6130593A (en) * 1995-06-02 2000-10-10 Duraswitch Industries Inc. Switch panel having a magnetically-retained overlay
US5921382A (en) * 1998-09-30 1999-07-13 Datahand Systems, Inc Magnetically enhanced membrane switch
US6274832B1 (en) * 1998-10-30 2001-08-14 Alfa Co., Ltd. Switch actuators for toys
WO2001029854A1 (en) * 1999-10-18 2001-04-26 Duraswitch Industries, Inc. Island switch
US6262646B1 (en) * 1999-10-18 2001-07-17 Duraswitch Industries, Inc. Island switch
US6400246B1 (en) * 2001-12-20 2002-06-04 Duraswitch Industries, Inc. Switch with magnetically coupled dual armature
US20080296141A1 (en) * 2005-08-25 2008-12-04 Toshinobu Ogatsu Key Input Apparatus and Electronic Device
US8232494B2 (en) 2005-12-16 2012-07-31 Purcocks Dale Mcphee Keyboard
US20080264770A1 (en) * 2005-12-16 2008-10-30 Purcocks Dale Mcphee Keyboard
WO2007069026A1 (en) * 2005-12-16 2007-06-21 Dale Mcphee Purcocks Keyboard
GB2433351B (en) * 2005-12-16 2009-03-25 Dale Mcphee Purcocks Keyboard
GB2433351A (en) * 2005-12-16 2007-06-20 Dale Mcphee Purcocks A switch for a keyboard
CN102486976A (en) * 2010-12-04 2012-06-06 富葵精密组件(深圳)有限公司 Key module and electronic device with key module
US8847715B2 (en) * 2011-09-30 2014-09-30 Telepath Networks, Inc. Multi integrated switching device structures
US20130082807A1 (en) * 2011-09-30 2013-04-04 Kevin Wilson Multi Integrated Switching Device Structures
US20150002249A1 (en) * 2011-09-30 2015-01-01 Telepath Networks, Inc. Multi Integrated Switching Device Structures
US9324526B2 (en) * 2011-09-30 2016-04-26 Telepath Networks, Inc. Multi integrated switching device structures
US20170221660A1 (en) * 2016-01-29 2017-08-03 Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc Magnetically aligned circuit
US9911559B2 (en) * 2016-01-29 2018-03-06 Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc Magnetically aligned circuit
US11551881B2 (en) 2018-03-20 2023-01-10 Auckland Uniservices Limited Flexible switches affected by lateral or vertical actuation
US20230207227A1 (en) * 2018-03-20 2023-06-29 Auckland Uniservices Limited Flexible switches affected by lateral or vertical actuation

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