US3679030A - Hydraulic brake system - Google Patents

Hydraulic brake system Download PDF

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Publication number
US3679030A
US3679030A US90389A US3679030DA US3679030A US 3679030 A US3679030 A US 3679030A US 90389 A US90389 A US 90389A US 3679030D A US3679030D A US 3679030DA US 3679030 A US3679030 A US 3679030A
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United States
Prior art keywords
brake
wheel brake
hydraulic
front wheel
wheel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US90389A
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English (en)
Inventor
Tsuneo Kawabe
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Aisin Corp
Original Assignee
Aisin Seiki Co Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D65/00—Parts or details
    • F16D65/14—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position
    • F16D65/16—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position arranged in or on the brake
    • F16D65/22—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position arranged in or on the brake adapted for pressing members apart, e.g. for drum brakes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T11/00—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator without power assistance or drive or where such assistance or drive is irrelevant
    • B60T11/10—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator without power assistance or drive or where such assistance or drive is irrelevant transmitting by fluid means, e.g. hydraulic
    • B60T11/24—Single initiating means operating on more than one circuit, e.g. dual circuits

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A hydraulic brake system of vehicles which comprises independent primary and secondary hydraulic circuits, two wheel cylinders attached onto each front wheel brake assembly, one of the wheel cylinders being provided with two independent hydraulic chambers therein connected with the primary and secondary fluid circuits respectively, said secondary fluid circuit being. further connected with each rear wheel brake assembly, one of said hydraulic chambers which connects with the primary fluid circuit being connected with the other wheel cylinder, whereby when failure of either the primary or secondary fluid circuit occurs efiective and sufficient brake force may be obtained.
  • This invention relates to hydraulic brake systems, and more particularly to improved dual brake systems for use on vehicles in which when one of the hydraulic brake circuits fails or is damaged the remaining brake circuit is utilized to actuate the brakes.
  • the front and rear wheel brake circuits be completely independent during brake application. It is also essential that the brake capacity of the front wheel brake assemblies of the vehicle be greater than that of the rear wheel brake assemblies, for instance 66 percent of the total brake forces are supplied to the front wheel brake assemblies while 34 percent thereof are supplied to the rear wheel brake assemblies, since the vehicle load applied onto the front wheels is greater than that applied onto the rear wheels due to transference of the vehicle loads during brake application. Thus, in the event of failure of the front wheel brake circuit the total brake capacity of conventional systems will be only 34 percent. This is highly undesirable because of insufficient brake capacity.
  • the principal object of the invention is to provide novel hydraulic brake systems in which effective and sufficient brake force is applied in the event of failure of either hydraulic brake circuit.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide improved hydraulic brake systems which are inexpensive to manufacture, which are reliable in operation, and which are simple in construction.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of a vehicle brake system according to this invention
  • FIG. 2 is a central vertical section of one wheel cylinder taken along the line IIII of FIG. 1, said wheel cylinder being a part of the front wheel brake assembly;
  • FIG. 3 is a central vertical section of another wheel cylinder taken along the line IIIIll of FIG. 1, said wheel cylinder being a part of the front wheel brake assembly;
  • FIG. 4 is a central vertical section of a further wheel cylinder taken along the line IVIV of FIG. 1, said wheel cylinder being a part of the rear wheel brake assembly;
  • FIG. 5 is a view similar to FIG. 2, but showing an alternative form thereof.
  • the hydraulic brake system shown in FIG. 1 comprises a tandem master cylinder assembly which is operated in the usual manner by a brake pedal 11 acting through a pushrod 12, a pair of front wheel brake assemblies 13 and 14, and a pair of rear wheel brake assemblies 15 and 16.
  • the master cylinder assembly 10 includes a first hydraulic pressure generating chamber and a second hydraulic pressure generating chamber (both not shown) connected with a first oil-reservoir 17 and a second oil-reservoir 18, respectively, both hydraulic pressure generating chambers being independent of each other.
  • a conduit 19 leading from the first pressure chamber of the master cylinder assembly 10 divides into branch conduits 20 and 21,
  • branch conduits being further divided into conduits 22 and 23, and conduits 24 and 25, respectively.
  • the conduit 22 is connected with one wheel brake cylinder 26 of the front wheel brake assembly 13 while the conduit 24 is connected with one wheel brake cylinder 27 of the other front wheel brake assembly 14.
  • the conduit 23 is connected with the other wheel brake cylinder 28 of the front assembly 13 while the conduit 25 is connected with the other wheel brake cylinder 29 of the front assembly 14. It should be noted that the construction of wheel brake cylinder 27 is the same as that of the wheel brake cylinder 26 while the construction of wheel brake cylinder 28 is the same as that of the wheel brake cylinder 29.
  • the wheel cylinders 26 and 28 and the wheel cylinders 27 and 29 are operative in an essentially conventional manner to displace respectively associated brake shoes 30 and 31 (FIG. 2) and brake shoes 32 and 33 (FIG. 3) outwardly against relatively rotating drums on the wheels (not shown) when the brake pedal 11 is depressed.
  • the front brake assemblies 13 and 14 are actuated in an essentially conventional manner that is known as two-leading" type brake operation.
  • a conduit 34 leading from the second pressure chamber of the master cylinder assembly 10 divides into branch conduits 35 and 36.
  • the branch conduit 35 further divides into conduits 37 and 38 to the wheel cylinders 26 and 27 of the front wheel brake assemblies 13 and 14 respectively, while the branch conduit 36 further divides into conduits 39 and 40 leading to wheel cylinders 41 and 42 of the rear wheel brake assemblies 15 and 16 respectively.
  • the wheel cylinders 41 and 42 act on the ends of brake shoes 43 and 44 and brake shoes 45 and 46, respectively, to displace these shoes outwardly into engagement with the surrounding rotatable drums (not shown).
  • the rear wheel brake assemblies 15 and 16 include stationary anchors 47 and 48 provided between the opposite ends of the brake shoes 43 and 44 and between those of the brake shoes 45 and 46, respectively.
  • FIG. 2 there is specifically shown the construction of one wheel brake cylinder 26 which includes a housing 49 opened at one end and fixed to a backing plate 50 of the front wheel brake assembly 13, and hydraulic pistons 51 and 52 slidably fitted therein.
  • the piston 51 normally makes contact at its forked end 53 with the brake shoe 30 and at its opposite spherical end 54 with a flat end wall 55 of piston 52, a spheri-' cal end 56 of piston 52 making contact with a flat end wall'57 of the cylinder housing 49.
  • the cylinder housing 49 normally makes contact at its forked end 58 with the brake shoe 31.
  • first hydraulic brake chamber 59 with which the conduit 22 is connected
  • second hydraulic brake chamber 60 between the piston 52 and the end wall 57of the cylinder housing 49 with which the conduit 37 is connected.
  • conduit 24 is connected with a first brake chamber (not shown) of the wheel cylinder 27 while the conduit 38 is connected with a second brake chamber (not shown) thereof.
  • FIG. 3 The detailed structure of the wheel brake cylinder 29 is illustrated in FIG. 3 in which the cylinder 29 comprises a housing 61 opened only at one end and fixed to a backing plate 62 of the front wheel brake assembly 14, and a single piston 63 slidably fitted therein.
  • the piston 63 normally makes contact at its forked end 64 with the brake shoe 33 and at its opposite spherical end 65 with a flat end wall 66 of cylinder housing 61.
  • the cylinder housing 61 normally makes contact at its forked end 67 with the brake shoe 32.
  • the outer ends of pistons 71 and 72 normally make contact with the brake shoes 43 and 44, respectively.
  • conduit 40 is connected with a hydraulic brake chamber (not shown) of the wheel cylinder 42 which is similar to cylinder 41.
  • the circuit comprising the first pressure chamber of the master cylinder assembly 10, the conduits 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24 and 25, the first brake chambers of the wheel cylinders 26 and 27, and the brake chambers of the other wheel cylinders 28 and 29 may be called the primary hydraulic circuit.
  • the circuit comprising the second pressure chamber of the master cylinder assembly, the conduits 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39 and 40, the second brake chambers of the wheel cylinders 26 and 27, and the brake chambers of the wheel cylinders 41 and 42 may be called the secondary hydraulic circuit. It should be recognized that the braking capacity of the front wheel brake assemblies l3 and 14 is adapted to be 66 percent of the total brake force while that of the rear wheel brake assemblies and 16 is adapted to be 34 percent.
  • the rear wheel brake assemblies 15 and 16 are brought into their braking operation that is known as a leading-trailing type brake operation.
  • the hydraulic pressure admitted to the brake chamber 75 of the wheel cylinder 41 will cause both pistons 71 and 72 to be moved apart from each other thereby applying respective brake shoes 43 and 44 against the rotating drum.
  • the wheel cylinder 42 is actuated to apply the brake.
  • the normal hydraulic pressure is supplied thereto so that the braking capacity thereof will be 34 percent.
  • the total braking capacity of the brake system will be 67 percent.
  • the normal hydraulic pressure is supplied both to the wheel cylinders 26 and 27 and to the other wheel cylinders 28 and 29 of the front wheel brake assemblies, while no hydraulic pressure is supplied to the rear wheel brake assemblies.
  • the total braking capacity of the brake system will be that of the front assemblies 13 and 14, i.e., 66 percent.
  • FIG. 5 the modified form of the wheel cylinder 26 or 27 of the front wheel brake assembly 13 or 14 is illustrated in which the piston 52 is of smaller diameter than the piston 51'.
  • the brake applying force to press the brake shoe 30' against the rotating drum due to the hydraulic pressure supplied to the second brake chamber 60' is smaller than that due to the hydraulic pressure supplied to the first brake chamber 59'.
  • a hydraulic brake system for vehicles comprising a master cylinder assembly including a first pressure chamber and a second pressure chamber independent of each other, a pair of front wheel brake assemblies, each including two front wheel brake cylinders, a pair of rear brake wheel assemblies, each including rear wheel brake cylinder means, one of said front wheel brake cylinders in each front wheel brake assembly having two pistons slidably mounted therein, normally contacting each other, and having different effective diameters, said pistons providing first and second wheel brake chambers independent of each other, the other of said front wheel brake cylinders in each front wheel brake assembly being provided with a third wheel brake chamber therein, said first wheel brake chamber being connected for fluid communication with said first pressure chamber of the master cylinder assembly and with said third wheel brake chamber said second wheel brake chamber being connected for fluid communication with said second pressure chamber of the master cylinder assembly and with said rear wheel brake cylinder means.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Transmission Of Braking Force In Braking Systems (AREA)
US90389A 1969-11-20 1970-11-17 Hydraulic brake system Expired - Lifetime US3679030A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP44093225A JPS4818983B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1969-11-20 1969-11-20

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US3679030A true US3679030A (en) 1972-07-25

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US90389A Expired - Lifetime US3679030A (en) 1969-11-20 1970-11-17 Hydraulic brake system

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US (1) US3679030A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS4818983B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3765729A (en) * 1969-11-19 1973-10-16 F Toomey Automotive vehicle emergency air brake system
US3770325A (en) * 1971-01-15 1973-11-06 Girling Ltd Hydraulic braking systems in vehicles
US3885392A (en) * 1970-05-09 1975-05-27 Tetsuo Haraikawa Dual brake system
FR2438565A1 (fr) * 1978-10-09 1980-05-09 Abascal Zuloaga J M Pompe pour le liquide de freinage hydraulique sur vehicule automobile
US20040206589A1 (en) * 2003-04-15 2004-10-21 Masahiko Kamiya Vehicle brake system for preventing brake noise

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS518900A (ja) * 1974-07-09 1976-01-24 Sanyo Electric Co Honookenshutsusochi

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2195558A (en) * 1936-02-10 1940-04-02 Hydraulic Brake Co Hydraulic brake system
US3067842A (en) * 1961-03-14 1962-12-11 Cossie E Adkins Dual control safety brake
GB1079656A (en) * 1965-04-14 1967-08-16 Girling Ltd Improvements in internal drum brakes
US3337009A (en) * 1964-04-23 1967-08-22 Teves Kg Alfred Brake system with twin fluid-supply networks
US3478847A (en) * 1966-11-16 1969-11-18 Teves Gmbh Alfred Dual-network disk brake

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2195558A (en) * 1936-02-10 1940-04-02 Hydraulic Brake Co Hydraulic brake system
US3067842A (en) * 1961-03-14 1962-12-11 Cossie E Adkins Dual control safety brake
US3337009A (en) * 1964-04-23 1967-08-22 Teves Kg Alfred Brake system with twin fluid-supply networks
GB1079656A (en) * 1965-04-14 1967-08-16 Girling Ltd Improvements in internal drum brakes
US3478847A (en) * 1966-11-16 1969-11-18 Teves Gmbh Alfred Dual-network disk brake

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3765729A (en) * 1969-11-19 1973-10-16 F Toomey Automotive vehicle emergency air brake system
US3885392A (en) * 1970-05-09 1975-05-27 Tetsuo Haraikawa Dual brake system
US3770325A (en) * 1971-01-15 1973-11-06 Girling Ltd Hydraulic braking systems in vehicles
FR2438565A1 (fr) * 1978-10-09 1980-05-09 Abascal Zuloaga J M Pompe pour le liquide de freinage hydraulique sur vehicule automobile
US20040206589A1 (en) * 2003-04-15 2004-10-21 Masahiko Kamiya Vehicle brake system for preventing brake noise
US7021727B2 (en) * 2003-04-15 2006-04-04 Advics Co., Ltd. Vehicle brake system for preventing brake noise

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Publication number Publication date
JPS4818983B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-06-09

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