US3672337A - Heating vessel - Google Patents

Abstract

A furnace having a fireplace surrounded by a substantially cylindrical water boiler shell for burning of liquid or gaseous fuel by means of a burner joining a fireplace, comprising a water boiler shell, a burner disposed at one end of the water boiler shell on the end side of the latter. At least one annular channel is provided and a hood is arranged at one ed of the furnace and feeding off flue-gases from the end of the water boiler shell disposed opposite the burner in axial direction of the furnace through the at least one channel to the other end of the furnace. At least one wall of the annular channel has a plurality of annular- or screw-like indentations and projections and at least one wall of the annular channel engages a water tank connected for water communications with the water boiler shell.

Description

nited States Patent [is] 3,672,337 Ospelt et al. [4 1 June 27, 1972 [541 HEATING VESSEL 2,400,352 5/1946 Higley et al ..1 10/97 x Inventors: Gustav 06pm Vaduz, St Johann; wow 2,593,032 4/1952 Johnson 122/156 X 'f Tflesen both Llecmen' Primary Examiner-Kenneth W. Sprague s cm AltomeyErnest G. Montague [73] Assignee: Gustav Ospelt Hovalwerk AG, Vaduz, Y

Liechtenstein 5 7] ABSTRACT [22] Filed: Ju|y 1970 A furnace having a fireplace surrounded by a substantially cylindrical water boiler shell for burning of liquid or gaseous PP 52,423 fuel by means of a burner joining a fireplace, comprising a water boiler shell, a burner disposed at one end of the water 2 1o 97 Milershe" and side 8 M Sc h 155 A, 156; I 10 97 97 D ranged at one ed of the furnace and feeding off flue-gases from [5 1 le 0 are l l the end of the water boiler shell disposed opposite the burner in axial direction of the furnace through the at least one chan- [56] Cited nel to the other end of the furnace. At least one wall of the an- UNlTED STATES PATENTS nular channel has a plurality of annularor screw-like indentations and projections and at least one wall of the annular chan- 2,684,054 7/1954 Carson 122/156 X I V nel engages a water tank connected for water communications 3,180,322 4/1965 Glbbard with the water boiler shell. 2,080,405 5/l937 Hussey 1,640,3l7 8/1927 Haas et al. l 22/ l 55 X 2 Claims, 5 Drawing Figures PATENTEDJUW 1972 saw a nr 2 lm eniors ing the fireplace. These more complicated and expensive ves-' sel constructions, which require often 'a burner taken into consideration the furnace construction with a particularly strong blower, are too expensive for normal, smaller heating arrangements, as by example, in one-family homes. Other furnaces of a simpler structure are known, in which the flue-gases, before emerging from the fireplace by a flue-gas branch, run over or flow about fireplace structures feeding furnace water, in order to release as much as possible of heat to the furnace water, by

example, a co-axial tubular helix disposed at a radial distance from the water boiler shell in the fireplace on the outside and on the inside and flow through the gaps between the individual windings of the tubular helix. In such furnaces, partly the heat transfer from the flue-gases to the furnace water, that means the furnace efficiency is not satisfactory, partly improvement measures for the increase of the heat transfer brought about an increase of the manufacturing costs and of the stream resistance in the furnace. 7

It is one object of the present invention to provide a furnace, wherein the requirements and desires of the practice, which are not considered fulfilled with the known furnaces, led to a furnace, which is most possibly very economical, in spite of a simplest structural arrangement, which exploits'theheat produced by the burner firing in a most possibly economical and satisfactory manner and prevents thereby strong deviations of the flue gases'and high stream resistances, so that it can be operated with any simple and economical, conventional burners,

It is another object of the present invention, to provide a furnace of the indicated type which is arranged such, that'the burner is disposed at one end of the furnace at its end side and the flue-gases are guided from the end of the fireplace disposed opposite the burner in axial direction of the furnace through one or a plurality of annular channels to the flue-gas outlet disposed at the other end of the fumace' and at least one wall of each annular channel is equippedwith alternately'successive ring-or screw-like indentations and projections and at least one wall of the annular channels defines a water tank communicating with a water boiler shell for feeding water therethrough. i

With these and other objects in view, which will become apparent in the following detailed description, the present invention, which is shown by example only, will be clearly understood in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which FIGZ' I is an axial section of a first embodiment of the furnace with an annular channel;

FIG. 2 is an axial section of another embodiment of the furnace of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a third embodiment of the furnace designed in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 4 is an axial section of a third embodiment of the present invention; and I FIG. 5 is a section along the lines V-V of FIG. 4.

Referring now to the drawings and in particular to FIG. '1, this Figure shows a standing furnace, the cylindrical water boiler shell I of which surrounds a fireplace 2, in which through the upper end side of the furnace the burner 3 terminates. From the end of the fireplace 2 disposed opposite the burner 3, the flue-gases fiow in axial direction of the furnace through an annular channel 4, which leads to a flue-gas outlet 5 formed as a collecting chamber and disposed between two coaxial, cylindrical walls 6 and 7. The outer wall 7 of the annular c'hannel4 limits a water boiler she'll land in the shown example constitutes an extension of the water boiler shell I, downwardly. The inner wall 6 of the annular channel 4 is equipped with annularor screw-like waves and consists of a simple drum of sheet material, which can be produced comparatively easily and simply and'can have a slight and material Saving wall thickness.

The undulated wall '6 forms jointly with the straight wall 7 an annular channel, the open cross section of which has in axial direction of the furnace alternately narrow points and hollow-space-like widenings and causes thereby, that the fluegases in axial flow of the annular channel are continuously always altemately'compressed and accelerated and relieved of tension and decelerated, respectively.- By this arrangement, a high heat transfer between the flue-gases and the furnace water is brought about, so that in spite of a simplest and noncomplica'ted gas conduit between the fireplace and the fluegas output, the flue-gases release to a high degree their heat to the furnace water.

The chamber 9 disposed within the inner wall 6 of the annular channel 4 is'closed' in accordance with another feature of the present invention at its end pointing towards the fireplace by means of a cross wall 10. This cross wall locks in only the path for the flue-gases through the chamber 9, it forms beyond that jointly with the wall 6 a hollow space open only in downward direction to the flue-gas outlet, which hollow space has the surprising advantage that it operates as a damping chamber and pressure oscillations of the flue-gases, which are caused, by example, by the burner firing and have disagreeable'audible noises up into the chimney, are absorbed prior to the exit of the flue-gases from the furnace.

In the embodiment disclosed in FIG. 2, the inner wall 6 of the annular channel 4 equipped with undulations limits a water tank 1 l, which communicates with the water boiler shell 1 for feeding of water. In this case, the undulated formation of the wall 6 has the further advantage, that in view of the undulations, it has a high deforming stiffness and makes possible the use of thinner, expense saving vessels sheet metal. It is to be understood, that on the inner side of the water tank I 1 still a second annular channel can be provided, which in turn from the inside can be defined by a simple wall corresponding with the wall 6 in FIG. 1, or by a water tank corresponding with the water tank 11 in FIG. 2. In this case, the cross wall 10 covers as a matter of course only the space surrounded by the inner length wall of the second annular channel.

If an annular channel is provided, as it is shown in connection with the embodiment of FIG. I, and the inner limiting wall of the annular channel is formed with indentations and projections reaching close to the outer limiting wall and is formed without water cooling, the indentations can be formed such, that they extend up to the longitudinal axis of the furnace.

Such embodiment is disclosed in FIG. 3, in which an annular channel 12 is formed between the wall 7 limiting the water tank 8 and a plurality of plate-shaped discs 13, which are disposed crosswise to the axial direction of the furnace and are arranged spaced apart from each other and carried by at least one axial column 14. This formation of the furnace is characterized by the fact that it is particularly simple and economical, that with a practically unchanged low stream resistance, an increased turbulence of the flue gases and thereby very good heat transfer values and furnace output are obtainable and that also the sound damping effect is extremely good.

In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the annular channel 4 is limited on the outside by a cylindrically shaped wall 60 and on the inside by a plurality of superimposed cylindrical rings 70. These rings have a radially outwardly projecting annular collar 80, whereby the annular channel 4 has an open cross section, which cross section has in axial direction of the furnace alternately narrow points and hollow space-like widenings and causes thereby, that the flue gases in case of an axial flow through the annular channel are always alternately compressed and accelerated and detensioned and decelerated, respectively, whereby a high heat 7 transfer between the flue gases and the furnace water is brought about.

The rings 70 consist advantageously of castings, whereby the uppennost rings, in view of a'sufficient heat consistency, are made of a special casting, while the lower rings, however, can be made of normally cast iron. The rings form an excellent radiation body and due to the short distance to the water cooled cylindrical wall 60, they emit a great quantity of heat by radiation. The formation of the wall limiting the annular channel of superposed rings has the advantage, that the output of the furnace can be varied within a large range, by superposing more or less rings, and thereby simultaneously the flue gas temperature can be adjusted to an optimum to the required values. The rings are equipped with a collar 90 at one of their edges, which collar 90 interlocks with the adjacent next ring, whereby the rings are centered relative to each other. The rings can be connected and joined by anchor screws 100 to packages of, by example, four pieces. Suitably, the rings have at the outer side nose formations 110, with the help of which the entire ring staple can be centered relative to the cylindrical wall 60. The inner space of the uppermost ring adjacent to the fireplace is closed up by a cross-wall 120 of fireproof, ceramic material. This cross-wall 120 locks the path for the flue gases through the inner space of the rings and forms beyond that a hollow space enclosed by the rings, which is open only at the bottom to the flue gas outlet and operates as a damping chamber, which absorbs the pressure oscillations of the flue gases prior to the exit of the flue gases from the furnace. In this connection, the production of the rings of castings has the further advantage, that the comparatively rough sanded surface of the casting rings can absorb flame noises to a certain extent.

While we have disclosed several embodiments of the present invention, it is to be understood that these embodi ments are given by example only and not in a limiting sense.

We claim:

1. A furnace having a vertical substantially cylindrical water boiler shell surrounding a fire place for burning of liquid or gaseous fuel by means of a burner leading into said fire place, comprising a water boiler shell,

a burner disposed on a liftable cover arranged on the upper end of said furnace and closing a fire place disposed below said cover,

at least one annular channel extending from the end of said fire place to a flue-gas exhaust disposed at the lower end of said furnace, in order to feed the flue gases from the lower end of said fire place to said flue gas exhaust,

said at least one annular channel being defined on the outside by a water-feeding downward extension of said water boiler shell and on the inside by wall means equipped alternately with annularor screw-like indentations and projections successively in axial-direction of said furnace,

said wall means surrounding a chamber, and

a cross wall at the upper end of said chamber and closing the latter and open at its lower end pointing towards said flue gas exhaust.

2. The furnace, as set forth in claim 1, wherein said wall means comprises a plurality of superposed cylindrically shaped rings, and

said indentations and projections comprise annular collars projecting from said rings.

Claims (2)

1. A furnace having a vertical substantially cylindrical water boiler shell surrounding a fire place for burning of lIquid or gaseous fuel by means of a burner leading into said fire place, comprising a water boiler shell, a burner disposed on a liftable cover arranged on the upper end of said furnace and closing a fire place disposed below said cover, at least one annular channel extending from the end of said fire place to a flue-gas exhaust disposed at the lower end of said furnace, in order to feed the flue gases from the lower end of said fire place to said flue gas exhaust, said at least one annular channel being defined on the outside by a water-feeding downward extension of said water boiler shell and on the inside by wall means equipped alternately with annular- or screw-like indentations and projections successively in axial-direction of said furnace, said wall means surrounding a chamber, and a cross wall at the upper end of said chamber and closing the latter and open at its lower end pointing towards said flue gas exhaust.

2. The furnace, as set forth in claim 1, wherein said wall means comprises a plurality of superposed cylindrically shaped rings, and said indentations and projections comprise annular collars projecting from said rings.

Images