US3670720A - Power-assisted inflation assembly for sphygmomanometers - Google Patents

Power-assisted inflation assembly for sphygmomanometers Download PDF

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Publication number
US3670720A
US3670720A US140163A US3670720DA US3670720A US 3670720 A US3670720 A US 3670720A US 140163 A US140163 A US 140163A US 3670720D A US3670720D A US 3670720DA US 3670720 A US3670720 A US 3670720A
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Prior art keywords
tube
air
throat
channel
combination
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Expired - Lifetime
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US140163A
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English (en)
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Norman Panzer
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/02—Detecting, measuring or recording for evaluating the cardiovascular system, e.g. pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow
    • A61B5/021—Measuring pressure in heart or blood vessels
    • A61B5/022—Measuring pressure in heart or blood vessels by applying pressure to close blood vessels, e.g. against the skin; Ophthalmodynamometers
    • A61B5/0235—Valves specially adapted therefor

Definitions

  • the improvement which comprises a tube interconnecting the air line, leading to the inflatable cufi, and the air-introducing bulb by means of an interconnecting channel, with the channel having inner diameters at its ends at least equal to the inner diameters of its connecting elements and tapering centrally to define a constricted throat, and an air-intake tube disposed at right angles to the throat axis and afi'ording air intercommunication between the throat and the exterior of the tube.
  • the air-intake tube is further provided with a sleeve valve to selectively close off communication of the throat with the exterior of the tube.
  • a standard sphygmomanometer comprises an inflatable cuff which is secured around a main artery of a patient, an air tube leading into the cuff from an air bulb or other air pumping means by which the cuff is inflated, and an air tube leading from the cuff interior to an air pressure gauge or manometer. for the the measurement of the pressure in the cuff.
  • the customary procedure for the physician is to secure the cuff around the selected main artery, inflate the cuff by successive compressions of the air bulb until the flow of blood through the artery is completely stopped and the needle of the manometer registers a designated pressure, and then to slowly release or bleed the air from the cuff by means of an air leak or bleeder valve, meanwhile applying a stethoscope to the artery below the cuff, listening to the changing sounds as the blood again begins to flow through the artery and observing the changing air pressure by means of the manometer readings. In this manner the physician is able to determine the systolic and diastolic blood pressures of the patient.
  • the air is then quickly released from the cufi through the bleeder valve and the cuff deflated and removed. It is the primary object of the present invention to provide for the inflation of the cufi more rapidly and with less effort on the part of the physician, and to control the bleeding or exhausting of air from the cuff more efiiciently for more exact observation of the effects of the changes in air pressure.
  • Prior art In the present state of the art the proper inflation of the sphygmomanometer cufl requires, at the least, between 12 to 16 compressions of the air bulb on the part of the physician, depending on the individual patient, representing a substantial expenditure of time and effort. With many patients to be examined, or with repeated examinations of a patient, as during a surgical procedure, the physical efiorts on the part of the physician can become very tiring, and a substantial amount of time can be unnecessarily lost. Examination of the prior art fails to reveal any improvement or advance whereby air to inflate the cufl" is introduced other than that actually pumped from the air bulb or other form of air pump.
  • My invention comprises the introduction, into the air line of the sphygmomanometer leading to the inflatable cuff, of a tube of the Venturi type provided with a interconnecting channel which, at its ends, is of inner diameters at least equal to the air line and air bulb inner diameters and which tapers centrally to define an intermediate constricted or reduced throat, with an air-intake tube extending at right angles to the axis of the channel and affording air intercommunication between the throat and the exterior of the tube, or outer atmosphere.
  • the air-intake tube is further provided with valve means whereby it may be selectively closed off.
  • the principal object of my invention lies in provision of a tube of the Venturi type disposed between the air line of a sphygmomanometer leading to its inflatable cuff and its air introducing bulb, whereby the volume of air passing through the tube with each compression of the bulb causes a substantially greater volume of air to be sucked into the tube from the atmosphere and to be similarly directed into the inflatable cuff.
  • a second important object of my invention lies in the provision of a tube as above described whereby the ratio of air volume introduced or entrained from the atmosphere to the volume of air introduced by compression of the bulb is determined by the relative inner diameters of the tube channel at its ends and at its throat.
  • a third important object of my invention lies in the provision of a tube of the type above described which is provided with means to selectively prevent introduction of air from the atmosphere into the tube.
  • Still another important object of my invention lies in the provision of a tube of the type described above which is inexpensive to manufacture and which can be utilized with existing types of sphygmomanometers.
  • FIG. 4 is an enlarged crosssectional view, taken on lines 4-4 of FIG. 2', and
  • FIG. 5 is a view similar to FIG. 4, but showing the sleeve valve in closed position on the air-intake tube.
  • FIG. I Illustrative of my invention, there is shown in FIG. I a sphygmomanometer 10 comprising an inflatable sleeve or cuff 12 secured around the ann 14 of the patient.
  • the cuff 12 is connected interiorly to a flexible air line 16 leading to a suitable type of manometer l8, and by a flexible air line 20 to a combined air leak and and valve 22, also known as a bleeder valve, which is secured in and to an air bulb 24 having the customary valve 24A, as indicated.
  • An available type of air leak and valve, such as shown here, in combination with an air bulb, is shown and described in US. Pat. No. 2,006,878, but other suitable types may be substituted if desired.
  • a cylinder or tube 26 of the Venturi type in airtight engagement at one end to the line 20 and at its other end to the valve 22, and affording direct flow of air from the bulb 24 to the cuff 12 by means of the channel 28 extending therethrough.
  • the channel 28 is tapered centrally to define a constricted throat 30, and an extension of the tube 26, designated as an air intake, or air-entraining, tube 32 is disposed at right angles to the axis of the channel 28 and forms a direct communication between the throat 30 and the exterior ofthe tube 26.
  • the tube 32 is provided with a plurality of openings or bores 34 in its wall 36.
  • a sleeve valve 38 provided with an enlarged head 40, is mounted around the tube 32 and is frictionally slidable thereon, so that pressure on the head 40 causes the valve 38 to enclose the tube 32 completely, as shown in FIG. 5, to close off entry of air into the tube 26 through the bores 34, while raising the valve 38 to clear the bores 34, as shown in FIG. 4, affords air communication between the throat 30 and the exterior of the tube 26.
  • the inner wall 44 of the tube 26 is provided at its end 46 with a peripheral recess 48 defining a terminal rim 50, for airtight engagement of the end 46 with the valve 22, and at the other end 52 of the tube 26 its outer wall 54 is provided with a peripheral recess 56 defining a terminal rim 58 for air-tight engagement of the end 52 with the air line 20.
  • section 60 of the channel 28, leading from the air bulb 24, tapers at a greater angle towards the throat 30, while section 62 of channel 28, extending from the throat 30 to the air line 20 tapers at a smaller angle.
  • the tube 26, including the air intake tube 32 is preferably composed of a single unit of molded plastic material, with the sleeve valve 38 made in the same manner, but this is not essen tial to the operation of my invention, and variations may be made which will be equally effective.
  • the tube 26 may be made of plastic material and the air intake tube 32 of a metal, such as aluminum, and inserted therein, or the entire assembly of tube 26 and intake tube 32 may be composed of a suitable metal, such as aluminum or the like, with the sleeve valve 38 of either material.
  • the outer contour of the tube 26 is shown to be cylindrical, but such shape is not critical and may be varied to any other shape, or may even follow the contour of the channel 28.
  • a single compression of the bulb 24 serves to direct four times the volume of air emanating from the bulb 24 into the cuff l2, and where, in the present types of sphygmomanometers 12 to 16 compressions of the bulb 24 are required to inflate the cuff 12 to the required pressure, no more than 3 or 4 compressions of the bulb 24 are required with my invention, to achieve the same result.
  • the inner diameter of the air line 20 and valve 22 being 3 mms
  • the angle of convergence of the channel 28 before the throat 30 is preferred to be approximately 25 to 30 from the horizontal, while the angle of divergance behind the throat 30 is more gradual, on the order of to 8.
  • the size of the tube 26 may be increased, with corresponding increase of the respective inner diameters in the same or a similar ratio.
  • the cuff 12 is first secured around the arm 14 of the patient over a main artery, the air leak valve 22 closed and the sleeve valve 38 raised until the bores 34 are visible.
  • the physician compresses the air bulb 24 to inflate the cuff 12 until the flow of blood through the artery is stopped and the required pressure noted on the manometer 18.
  • the air from the bulb 24 passes through the tube throat 30 its velocity increases and pressure decreases below atmospheric pressure, causing air to be sucked into the tube 26 through the intake tube 32, at the ratio of 3 volumes of atmospheric air to 1 volume of air passing from the bulb 24.
  • the air leak valve 22 is fully opened and the sleeve valve 38 depressed to close 0E the bores 34 in the intake tube 32, as shown in FIG. 5, so that its bottom edge 42 abuts the tube 26, whereupon the cuff l2 deflates more rapidly, since only air from the cuff 12 now passes through the tube 26 to the valve 22, and the cuff I2 is then removed from the patient.
  • a sphygmomanometer of the type described, the combination of an inflatable cuff, an air line leading to the inflatable cuff, a pressure indicating means in communication with said inflatable cuff, an air introducing and exhausting means and a tube secured in air-tight engagement between said air line and said air introducing and exhusting means, and provided with a channel therethrough affording intercommunication between the air line and the air introducing and exhausting means, the channel tapering intermediately of its ends to define a constricted throat, and means to provide intercommunication between the throat and the exterior of the tube thereby to allow ambient air to be drawn into said channel to increase the volume of air introduced into said cuff.
  • the means to provide intercommunication between the throat and the exterior of the tube comprising a secondary tube opening into the throat at one end thereof and extending out of the main tube.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Cardiology (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Physiology (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ophthalmology & Optometry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Measuring Pulse, Heart Rate, Blood Pressure Or Blood Flow (AREA)
US140163A 1971-05-04 1971-05-04 Power-assisted inflation assembly for sphygmomanometers Expired - Lifetime US3670720A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US14016371A 1971-05-04 1971-05-04

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US (1) US3670720A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CA (1) CA950702A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1375294A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
IT (1) IT952807B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
USD250046S (en) 1976-08-20 1978-10-24 Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha Sphygmomanometer
US4676239A (en) * 1980-09-20 1987-06-30 David Humphrey Anesthetic system
USD323713S (en) 1989-06-13 1992-02-04 Terumo Kabushiki Kaisha Bulb for sphygmomanometer
WO1993002439A1 (en) * 1991-07-19 1993-02-04 Ticca Pty. Ltd. Medical demonstration apparatus
WO1994029830A1 (en) * 1993-06-11 1994-12-22 Ticca Pty. Ltd. Blood pressure demonstration apparatus
US5722413A (en) * 1991-07-19 1998-03-03 Cortech Development Pty Ltd Medical demonstration apparatus

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2191545A (en) * 1986-05-23 1987-12-16 Halkey Roberts Corp Improvements in or relating to inflators
US20130310227A1 (en) * 2012-05-18 2013-11-21 Sean Wheeler Foot strengthening device and method

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2077024A (en) * 1934-09-12 1937-04-13 Tanner James Harmon Suction device
US2704065A (en) * 1954-02-12 1955-03-15 David M Clark Slow leak valve control for sphygmomanometer
US3241152A (en) * 1962-09-25 1966-03-15 Air Reduction Blood pressure cuff inflator
US3252459A (en) * 1962-10-18 1966-05-24 Air Reduction Blood pressure measuring apparatus
US3563674A (en) * 1968-07-16 1971-02-16 Gen Signal Corp Aspirating device

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2077024A (en) * 1934-09-12 1937-04-13 Tanner James Harmon Suction device
US2704065A (en) * 1954-02-12 1955-03-15 David M Clark Slow leak valve control for sphygmomanometer
US3241152A (en) * 1962-09-25 1966-03-15 Air Reduction Blood pressure cuff inflator
US3252459A (en) * 1962-10-18 1966-05-24 Air Reduction Blood pressure measuring apparatus
US3563674A (en) * 1968-07-16 1971-02-16 Gen Signal Corp Aspirating device

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
USD250046S (en) 1976-08-20 1978-10-24 Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha Sphygmomanometer
US4676239A (en) * 1980-09-20 1987-06-30 David Humphrey Anesthetic system
USD323713S (en) 1989-06-13 1992-02-04 Terumo Kabushiki Kaisha Bulb for sphygmomanometer
WO1993002439A1 (en) * 1991-07-19 1993-02-04 Ticca Pty. Ltd. Medical demonstration apparatus
AU669121B2 (en) * 1991-07-19 1996-05-30 Ticca Pty Ltd Medical demonstration apparatus
US5722413A (en) * 1991-07-19 1998-03-03 Cortech Development Pty Ltd Medical demonstration apparatus
WO1994029830A1 (en) * 1993-06-11 1994-12-22 Ticca Pty. Ltd. Blood pressure demonstration apparatus

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Publication number Publication date
GB1375294A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1974-11-27
IT952807B (it) 1973-07-30
CA950702A (en) 1974-07-09

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