US366940A - Duquesne - Google Patents

Description

[No Med al.) s Sheetswfihea t 1. A. DUQUESNH BOOM Patented July 19 1887,.

WITNESSES P am, 4.1111:

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

A. DUQUESNEu LOOM.

No. 366.940. Patented July 19, 1887.

H I :lia

' N SE8; 2 INVENTOR: WW E8 M4 .Bg his (/lllurneys,

{3% 59651. 3 sheets-sped s. ADUQUBSNE. 1.00M

m. mama. Patented Jul 19, 1887.

N VE NTO R vy vw fiac m H By his Jlttorneys,

WITNESSES.

, L y a plane of the section in Fig. 6 being taken sub,- staniially on line 6 6 in Fig. 5. -,;Flgs. 7 and 8 are diagrams illustrating the interlocking of plain warp, usually of herop or the threads in fabrics woven on my loom. These will be referred'to hereinafter. vFig. 9 illustrates on a large scale one of the needles employed in my loom, provided with an elongated eye for the passage of the pile warp; end Fig. 10 is a similar view of another of the needles, which has a simple round or nonelongated eye. Figs. 11,12, and 13 are ex p'inuatory diagrams illustrating the action of the Jacquard mechanism on the warp in connection with the needles having elongated eyes.

Referring particularly to Figs. 1 and, 2,1 will explain first the construction of my loom. In Fig. 1 I have shown three warps, A,'B, and C, properly set in the loom. A is the cotton, the threads of which are led off from a warp been], A, through a reed, A", mounted int-he loom-irame, thence through a reed, G, andthence through a reed, 0, carried by the lay 0". The warp Bis the binding-warp, which is usually of hemp, cotton, or other cheap fiber. This warp is led from a warpbeam, B, over tension-regulating and guide bars B and B, through the eyes of one set of needles (I. a, mounted in n. needle-bur, b, and thence through the reed O and the reed O on the lay O; The face or pile warp C 0, usually of wool or other costly fiber, is led each thread from a. separate bobbin, H, which bobbins are mounted in racks D D. The details of construction of the bobbins and rocks will be. hereinafter explained, .The threads of the warp G are led through the suspended rings or perles a, connected with the-ordinary Jacquard mechanism, E, arranged over the loom. This mechanism being of the usual well-known kind and quite completed have not deemed it necessary to illustrate it here. From thence the threads of the warp 0 pass each through reed C, and thence through the elongated eye (a in Fig. 10) of one of the series of needles a, fixed in the needle-bar bf. Thence the warp passes through the reed O on the lay O. F represents -in general the framepf the loom; P, a roller or beam, over which the woven fabric passes; Q, a cross-rod or roller, over which the fabric is drawn to smooth it; and It, the take-up orwinding beam, on which the completed fabric is wound.

I will now describe the preferred mode of mounting the bobbins H H, which carry the threads of the face or pile warp C, referring to Figs. 3and 4.

I I are the side plates of the-rack D, and in these are formed inclined slots 1, in which rest the axes of the bobbins, as seen in Fig. 4.. This construction allows the bobbin to be lifted out readily sud conveniently. M is a rod extending across from I to i, over which the warp thrcad from the bobbin passes, and L is a weight hooked on to the thread between the bobbin and rod M to producethc necessary asset-,0

yielding tension on the thread. In addition to this, and in order to keep the bobbin from rotating too easily, a, plateor flap, J, is hinged on afcross-rod, K, and is kept pressed elastic- ,nlly up against the bobbin at its back by a spring or springs, N.

I will now describe, by reference to Figs. 1, -2, 5, and 6, the mechanism forimparting the up and down and right and -'left (or shogging) movements to the needle -.b ars b and b, bearing, respectively, the two ranges or sets of needles a and a. At the lower part of the loom is mounted a. treadle, e, connected by a chain, 9, to a sheave, 11*, mounted fixedly on a suitable horizontal axis,f, hearing at its ends, near the loom-frame, two sheaves, f X f", to which are fixed chains is k, which pass over sheaves h h, rotatively mounted on studs h h at the opposite sides of theloom. The ends of chains k extend down and are attached to the ends of the needle-bar 1), bearing needles a. Downward pressure on trcadle e is thus caused to raise needle bar I) to a predetermined height. \Vhcn thev pressure is removed, the needle-bar again descends. The ends ofthe needle-bar I) play in guides 10, and the mech anism for imparting the shogging 0r cndwise movement to said bar simultaneously with its up-and-ddwn movement is illustrated in Figs. 2, 5, and (3. Fig. 5 illustrates the mechanism for actuating the needle-barv b,- but as both bars are actuated by like mechanisms this view will serve to explain botln In the loom frame is mounted a rotating shalt, m, on which are fixed an eight-toothed ratchet-wheel, p, and an eight sided cam, 0, the sides of which are unequal. This cam projects through a. slot in a plate, as, (here shown as formed integrally with; the guide 10,) and bears against the end of the barb. Mounted loosely on shaft m is a slotted arm, q, the slot in which is engaged by a stud, 8, on bar b- In the arm q this slot is limited, as indicated by the dotted lines in Fig. 5; but in the. corresponding arm connected with needle-bar b the slot has an extension, y, the purpose of which will be explained hereinafter. On this arm q is mounted a spring-pawl, 1*, which, when bar b is raised, engages the teeth of the ratchet wheel 19, and thus rotates it and cam 0. This cam is held against any accidental movement by a, brake, 10', hold up to thcfiat face of the cam by a spring, 2. The com 0 and the similar cam, o,hcrcinaftcr described, are each provided with similar brakes; but I have deemed 'it sufficient to show only that for cam 0, seen -in Fig. 5. When the bar I) is raised, the cam o is rotated, and, acting on the end of the bar, either moves the latter to the left, as

seen from the point of view of Figs. 2 and 5,

by direct pressure, or permits it to move to the right. This is effected by giving the cam unequal faces, which stand at different radial distances from the cam'axis. Thus a, narrow side or face of the cam is further from the axis than a wider one. If a. narrow side of the ,cam is made to. act on the bar I) in the ascent of thelasber, the bar wiii he moved re the eft l on a flexible arm, ti", which cnrrivs n relic-131",

which roller hcnrs :i (lie-liar. This rolltr and sprirgnri" seen ntthe left? in Fig. 2. in this view the spring r and roller I seen are it it-t tIll bar (I nich hntthey are wiiiitrrpnrlx et' those which ilt'i- (ill li;1i':'1,\\'liieli in this tigni'estzind directly behind them the name illnntrr inn will nerve for huth. 'lhe roller 2" plnyn t l 'ongh ii FilUh in the gniileorlieepcr Ii l'ur that end oi the lr-nr. it will he ohserveil that this mechanism will impart to thillOOtllLS u, first, :in ebiiqne movement upward and to the tell; FltCQlltl, down \vnrd; third, npwnrtl it) the right; fourth, downward, nnd an on 11 otten nsthe trendle r is npcrntcd. Y

"lhe needles It hnvez: uniform vertical movementor travel; but the needles 0:, which carry tlnthrcndn oi the thee 0r pile .i'nrp, and which have sl0t-like eyes about ten centimeters in lengti are operated by two trentlle c and 0' so eniiplml m1 mnneeteil tn the-needlwlmr {1S to impart; to the hitter ,ilitfcrent) degrees of movement. On 1 shaft, j", are lixed two sheaves, g" and 3 which are attached, respectireiy, t0 trcndles c and r" by chains y and f. )n the ends; of the Silllil' f nre fixed slienvesf to which nre secured the lewerends 0t chains is k, which pnss ni'i-r sheaves Ii it retxntivcl; mounted on ninth; 11'' h'. The chains is r.: xtend dun-n nnd are a-inched t0 thecnda of the needlelinrli. "lhiiethe i'rezu'iles a and a will either nl' them i their descent rnise ilzc needles a in lliii Z); hut trenille a will rnise them twice nshigh es the trcntlle a, fur the reason that the sheave g, over which chnin g passes, (see ifi 1,) is enmshaped nnd larger than the nl re over which the chain from tire-mile c pnsse The mechanism for moving the bar bendwise laterally is it iii-raised will require hut 1 brief description, as the rat'cheh p, enm 0, arm 1;, stud s, and pawl r are preeinely like the corresponding parts, pl, 1), q. r, and heretolore described, ("Xl'fiilll ihnt in the lnlcrnl movement; ofthe needles (i is l-ll Still) as that otthe needles (1, nnd Lhe vertical movmncnt is twice {1S great when effected by lever e, i pro ville nnextension, 7 of the shit (1, in order that the stud .w may not attract; the rotation of the chin 0 after one-halt of the npwzml move ment is completed, the slot in the nrm I; being straight and short, nnil the slut, in nrin 1; beinghngiilnr and long. it will in: readily n1:- derfii ood h these skilled in the nrt thnti hnsb in its ascent will hna'e ri'itnti'il mini 1/ onee'iglit-li 0H1 revolution when it shnll have made oneinlt'ot-itsupward min'cnnint rind i i th stud s will play zilengslet 1/ and net :nl'vci the n j t the mid of the nee;

tieni, 215 the (ttlihl a have, tor example,

replaced by needles like a.

, r rising warp? it and U,

hair". The needles an nnnmrd inm'eincnt equal to ten centimeters tllltiillfi necdlrrii a, when net'nnted by ti'ezidle (1, an upward move ment (if twenty ecntinictern. \Vhen netnnied by liCzltllt; r the needles (-1 have a movement; vqnnl in len mintimctern. The .hieqnnril niechnninin i) in :it'lthiiwl by :1 wril or chain, if, which in (tunnnc'etl nt its tnwer end in the trcnille r. 'ttm rings or perles c of the .lni-i nnrd illtltlllllllrllil zire 0n COttlS ii, which p ilnnn thrnugh pvrt'tnntiens in :1 platen, 21ndnre irnrillmlwithn'eightnlfi.

irig mil H :irc (ii g'rnins 'illnst rating the wt-11' 0t twn ltltLlll tiihrinn (it this kind wercn nn my lHUltl.

l ullewi ng nrc given the eperz'itions 0r mowmi-ntn neuwasniy ihr wearing it plain pile hit rie having 2: rep hnek with the l'ni'elileorknob stiteh, as indicated in the iiingrzirn Fig. 7. The trendte 0' nt the right, hand in new supposed to he dinr-nnneeted from he jacquard, and tiln .-iierdti; ri (with elongated eyes) t ehe e the left-timid trendle, operating; neeflh'rs a and warp B, and is the rigimhnind 'irendle operatingneedles of the mine kindin hnr i), carrying the pile warp (L First, movement: Depress hoih trendleg rinsing wnrpn Band C. leaving wnrp l)clmv. Malina shetiwitih weft: IX leiv hill the warps l2 and C, and heat up the well;

Second movement: Depress the right-timid lirenille, whieh raises the pilc wnrp i T, creasing ti wnrps A nin l3 i'rmn let'tl to right, PHQS the pile-wire L, leL l'n-ll the warp (1', mid ln nt n11.

mini during the rcnininin Fourth EIiOVtHHLIEl: l t-press lrvndle ('F, rnis in wimp l on the rightot \rnrp A, puns the pile wire 0, let hill the \i'nrp (l, and bent up.

The pile (:nnhecuii on tliewire an nnunl.

iii-pent these movements.

rliy cinple flng two trendles ii double-[need velvet; l'niirie with n lniclile stitch may he made This in (lone, ns in the lii'SL case, with three wnrps -n. plain 01' straight, warp, A, n, hiinliii 'wrnrp ll, and n pile \\';Lll),'(l. Such n l'nhrie is indicated in the dingrnm Fig. S. This in n plain lnhric, and the slime arrangemeni oi the treznlles and levers is employed n5 described with reference to 7.

l olhiwing are the lllOVtElllOlil'S required:

First mofcmeni: lhnrcns both trvntlles l0 rnisc win-p9 it and (l, which cross to \lh left (it wini A, lriiring the ln-ltcr l elow. Klnlw 'wet'tslmt, 1), let. tall the wnrpn ll nnd tuihc left, and tic-lit up.

Second movement: ,lhprrss the right linznl trcz'idle t0 raise \i'nr i i2 whicl crussi-n lrmn the lel't to right HlUW ilnwnrps' and ii. A :ihni'e 'irnr in A mid i raising warps B and O, the warp B crossing from right to left.

warp A'from left to right and the warp Make the weft-shot D", let full the warps B O, and beat up.

Fourth movement: Depress thetwo [readies to raise the warps B and O, warp B crossing below warp A from right to left and warp C from left to right, passing below and crossing the binding-warp, a pile-wire, O, and warp A. Make a weft-shot, D, beat up, and let the warps fall, 13 to the left and O to the right.

Fifth movement: Depress the two treadles,

raising the warps l3 and C, the warp B cross ing from left to right and the warp C from right to left, the latter at the same time cross ing both warps A and B. Make a weft-shot, D, and let fall warp B at the right and warp O at the left.

Sixth movement: Depress the right hand treadlc, raising warp O, which crosses to the right below. the warps A and B, pass a pilewire, 0, and let the warp 0 fall at the right.

Seventh movement: Depress the two treadles, raising warps B and C, which both move from right to left, make a weftshot, D let fall the warps B and G at the left, and pass a pile wire, 0, below.

Eighth movement: Depress the two treadles,

' raising the warps B and O, the former crossing from left to right and below warp-A and the latter from left to right below and cross ing warp l3 and the pilewire. Make a .weftshot, I)", and let fall warps B and C, the latter at the right of the former. Continue the movements substantially as indicated, makingdue allowance for the fact that after weft-shot D the warps B C are on the side of warp A opposite that on which they are placed in beginning the various movements described.

I have referred to the operations of the loom as if they were'performcd by hand; but it will be understood that they may be performed mechanically, as in powenlooms of the usual construction.

I am aware that needles have been before employed in looms to carry the warp-threads, and this I do not broadly claim. In my loom the needles are alll'trrauged with their points upward. The two sets of needles are opcrated independently. in weaving figured fabrics all the needles of one set which carry the face warp have elongated eyes, and this set of needlesis operated by either of two mechanisms, one of which raises the needles higher than the other. The Jacquardmechanism is operated by the trendle, (or other mechanism) which raises the face warp to'the' least or minimum height, and the shogging mechanism is so constructed that the lateral movement of theneedle-bar is the same, whctherit is raised to its minimum or maximum height-z" These features in my loom I believe to be new. Having thus described my invent-ion, I claim- K l. Aloom having two sets of warp-carrying needles, one for the face warp and one'for the binding-warp. each set of needles mounted in .forth.

-a heedle-bar with the points of the needles upward, the eyes of all the needles of the set can rying the face warp being elongated, and said loom provided with a Jacquard mechanism connected with the threads of the face warp,

and with means, substantially as described,for imparting the proper movements to the need1e-bars, as set forth.

2. The combination, in a loom, of a setof needles, a, allhaving elongated eyes a, to receive and carry several threads of the face warp, the bar b, which carries said needles, means for imparting to said bar a shogging movement, and mechanism for imparting to saidneedlebar an up-and-down movement, substantially as set forth. 4

3. The combination, in a loom, of the neodles a for the binding-warp. arranged with their points upward, and their carrying-barb,

means for imparting an up-and-down and a shogging movement to said bar and needles, the needles a for the face warp, provided with elongated eyes and arrangedwith their points upward, and their carrying'bar b, means for imparting a shogging movement to said,bar b, and for imparting up-and-down movements to said bar, and. a Jacquard mechanism connected with the face warp, substantially as set forth.

4. The combination, with the needle-bar b, and the needles a, mounted therein, of the guide w, shaft an, unequal -sided'polygon- 0', fixed on shaft m, ratchet p, fixed on shaft an, arm q, hung on shaft in, and having an angular slot, as described, the pawl r, carried by arm q and engaging ratchet p, the stud 8' on the needle-bar, engaging the' slot in arm q, and a spring mechanism to keep the needle bar up to the face of cam 0', substantially as set forth.

5. The combination, with the needle-bur b, and the needles a for carrying the face warp, mounted therein, said needles having all elongated eyes, of the two mechanisms, substantially as herein described, forimparting upand-down movements to said needles, said movements differing in extent, for the purpose sct forth.

6. The combination, in a loom, of the needles a for the binding-warp, and their carrying-bar b,.the trcadle c, mechanism connecting said treadle with needle-bar b, the needles (1' for the face-warp, provided with elongated eyes, their carryingdiar b, the treadlcc,inechanism connecting said treadle with needle-bar b, the treadle c", mechanism connecting this treadle with needle-bar b, the Jacquard mechanism,and means for connecting said J acquard meehan ism with treadle a, substantially as set 7. .A loom having two setsof warp carrying needles-ache for the facewarp' and one for the binding-warp.each set of needles mounted in a needlebar and arranged with-the points of the needles upward, in combination with rollers h h,- mounted above said needle-bars, shafts f f, mounted beneath said needle-bars,shcaves g 11" upon said shafts, chains fastened at dne end to said sheaves, passing over the-rollers h h and couneetedat the epposite ends to the needle-bars, operating-treadles, and the mechanism, substantially as described, connecting said treadles to said shafts f f',- to rotate the same, substantially as set forth, whereby the needle-bars are moved up and down and are supported by flexible supports, and mechanism for imparting to each of said-ueedle-bars IO independently a. shoggin'g movement.

In witness whereof -I have hereunto signed my name in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

. ADRIEN DUQUESNE.

Vitnesses: I i

RoB'r. M. HQOPER, AMAND BITTER.

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