US3669199A - Drilling apparatus - Google Patents

Drilling apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
US3669199A
US3669199A US21120A US3669199DA US3669199A US 3669199 A US3669199 A US 3669199A US 21120 A US21120 A US 21120A US 3669199D A US3669199D A US 3669199DA US 3669199 A US3669199 A US 3669199A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
planet
gear
shaft
sun
reduction
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US21120A
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English (en)
Inventor
Roy H Cullen
Jimmie R Aker
William E Burke
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Jones and Laughlin Steel Inc
Ltv Steel Co Inc
Original Assignee
Youngstown Sheet and Tube Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Youngstown Sheet and Tube Co filed Critical Youngstown Sheet and Tube Co
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3669199A publication Critical patent/US3669199A/en
Assigned to JONES & LAUGHLIN STEEL, INCORPORATED reassignment JONES & LAUGHLIN STEEL, INCORPORATED MERGER (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). , DELAWARE, EFFECTIVE JUNE 22, 1981. Assignors: JONES & LAUGHLIN STEEL CORPORATION, A CORP. OF PA., NEW J&L STEEL CORPRATION, A CORP. OF DE., (CHANGED TO), YOUNGTOWN SHEET & TUBE COMPANY, A CORP. OF OH. (MERGED INTO)
Assigned to LTV STEEL COMPANY, INC., reassignment LTV STEEL COMPANY, INC., MERGER AND CHANGE OF NAME EFFECTIVE DECEMBER 19, 1984, (NEW JERSEY) Assignors: JONES & LAUGHLIN STEEL, INCORPORATED, A DE. CORP. (INTO), REPUBLIC STEEL CORPORATION, A NJ CORP. (CHANGEDTO)
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B4/00—Drives for drilling, used in the borehole
    • E21B4/006—Mechanical motion converting means, e.g. reduction gearings

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT This invention relates to drilling apparatus having a flexible [52] U.S. Cl.
  • 74/801 drill String a motor supported b the drill string, two-stage [51] IIBLCI ..E2lb 3/08 planetary geapreduction means driven by the motor, and a [58] Fltld of Search 175/104, 06, 101; 415/503; drill bit driven by the geapreduction means
  • 74/801 tion means the second stage sun, planet and ring gears have increased longitudinal dimension for carrying the increased [56] Rekrences C'ted torque loading, and the second stage planet gears are split into UNITED STATES PATENTS sections and supported at each end of each section to prevent excessive outward deflection of their bearing shafts.
  • This invention relates to drilling apparatus, and particularly to drilling apparatus wherein the drill bit is powered by a downhole motor through a novel two-stage planetary gear reduction.
  • Another object is to provide such an apparatus which is capable of transferring the substantial torque generated by the motor to a drill bit operating at a speed substantially less than that of the motor.
  • a further object is to provide a two-stage planetary gearreduction which includes means for preventing outward deflection of the planet gear shafts and excessive planet gear bearing loads under heavy torque loading.
  • FIG. 1 is a view in elevation schematically illustrating the drilling apparatus of the present invention
  • FIG. 2A and FIG. 2B together form a view in section of the two-stage gear-reduction means of the drilling apparatus of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken on line 3-3 of FIG. 2A.
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken on line 4-4 of FIG. 2A.
  • the letter A designates generally the well drilling apparatus of this invention which is adapted to be disposed in a hole for the drilling of an oilwell or the like.
  • the apparatus A includes a flexible drill string extending upward to the surface and supporting near its lower end suitable drill collars DC and a motor M for driving the drill bit B to drill the well.
  • the motor M which is preferably an AC electric motor, is inter-com nected with the drill bit for imparting rotation thereto and for accomplishing such drive a slip clutch SC, a gear-reduction G, and a shock absorber S are included in the connection between the motor and the bit.
  • the gear-reduction G permits the torque developed by the motor M to be multiplied and transferred to the drill bit B operating at a substantially slower speed.
  • the preferred form of the gear-reduction G is illustrated in FIGS. 2A through 4.
  • the gear reduction has an outerhousing l2 and an inner housing 14 which may be in multiple sections threadedly connected as at 16.
  • the annular space 17 between the two housings permits the flow of drilling fluid past the gear-reduction mechanism to the drill bit below.
  • O-ring seals 18 prevent the entry of fluid through the threaded connections 16 into the gear mechanism.
  • first sun shaft 20 which is radially aligned within the housing by roller bearings 22 and has on its upper portion splines 24 to facilitate driving of the sun shaft 20 by the motor M through slip clutch SC.
  • a first sun gear 26 is provided on the first sun shaft 20, preferably by forming the lower end of the sun shaft into the desired sun gear configuration.
  • a first ring gear 28 is integrally formed into housing 14 opposite sun gear 26.
  • a plurality of first planet gears 30 are disposed between the first sun gear 26 and first ring gear 28. As shown in FIG. 4, five such planet gears are provided rotatably mounted on first planet shafts 32.
  • Support means for supporting the first planet shafts 32 are provided in the form of a first planet carrier assembly indicated generally at 34, integrally formed onto a second sun shaft 36.
  • the planet carrier assembly 34 comprises two annular discs 38 and 40 joined by five ribs- 42. As shown most clearly in FIG. 4, the ribs 42 are of approximately triangular cross-sectional configuration so that they can be accommodated between the planet gears 30.
  • the first planet shafts 32 have their ends journalled in the discs 38 and 40. As shown in FIG. 3, planet shafts 32 are locked against rotation relative to the discs by keepers 44 which are boltedonto the annular disc 38, and which engage notches in the shafts 32.
  • the annular disc 40 is integrally formed onto second sun shaft 36 which is co-axial withthe first sun shaft 20 and is adapted to rotate at a speed'less than that of the first sun shaft. Thrust and radial alignment roller bearings 74 keep the second sun shaft properly aligned within housing 14.
  • a second sun gear 45 is formed on the lower end of sun shaft 36, and a second ring gear 46 is integrally formed into housing 14 opposite sun gear 45.
  • a plurality of second planet gears 48 are disposed between the second sun gear 45 and second ring gear 46. Again, five such planet gears 46 are rotatably mounted on second planet shafts 50.
  • the first gear-reduction stage is 4 to 1 so that second sun shaft 36 rotates at $4 the speed of first sun shaft 20.
  • This 4 to 1 speed reduction results concomitantly in the torque loading on sun shaft: 36 being four times as great as that on sun shaft 20.
  • the second gear-reduction stage is also 4 to 1 so that there is a 4 to l decrease in speed of rotation and a l to 4 increase in torque between second sun shaft 36 and the output shaft 52. This results in an overall speed reduction of 16 to 1 between the first sun shaft 20 and the output shaft 52, and a corresponding 1 to 16 increase in torque between the same two shafts. It is preferable to provide additional gear contact surface for transferring the greatly increased torque through the second reduction stage to the output shaft 52. Since the gearreduction G, like any downhole tool, is severely limited in diameter, this additional gear contact surface is preferably provided by increasing the length of the various gears in the second reduction stage. Thus,as shown in FIG. 2B, the sun, ring and planet gears comprising the second reduction stage are of substantially greater length than those of the first reduction stage.
  • each second planet gear 48 divided into two or more coaxial sections mounted on the second planet shafts and supporting the second planet shafts at each end of each coaxial section. This results in the second planet shafts having an unsupported span which is no longer than that of the first planet shafts. Consequently, the second planet shafts will have less outward deflection than if they were supported only at theirends.
  • the second planet gears can transmit a substantially greater amount of torque than the first planet gears, while the provision of support means for supporting the second planet shafts at each end of each coaxial section prevents excessive outward deflection.
  • Sectioning the second planet gears also provides an additional advantage in that if the increased torque causes the longer sun gear 45 to twist slightly about its axis, the distortion will be divided among the several coaxial sections and will consequently be of less effect that it would on a single long planet gear.
  • each of the second planet gears 48 is composed of two coaxial sections 48a and 48b rotatably mounted on the second planet shafts 50.
  • Each of the sections 48a and 48b is approximately as long as the first planet gears 30, so that each second planet gear 48 has a total effective length approximately twice that of each first planet gear.
  • Second support means for supporting the second planet shafts 50 at each end of each coaxial section are provided by a second planet carrier assembly 53.
  • the second planet carrier assembly comprises three annular discs 58, 60 and 62 joined by five triangular ribs 54.
  • the second planet shafts 50 are journalled in all three discs with the two end discs 58 and 62 supporting the ends of shafts 50, and the middle disc 60 supporting the shafts 50 intermediate the two sections 48a and 48b of each second planet gear 48.
  • the middle disc 60 thus provides additional support to prevent outward deflection of the second planet shafts 50 and more evenly distributes the load on the planet gear bearings.
  • Keepers 66 on disc 62 lock the planet shafts against rotation relative to the discs.
  • the first disc 58 is formed integrally with and rotates with the output shaft 52 which is coaxial with the second sun shaft 36 and rotates at a speed less than that of sun shaft 36.
  • Roller bearings 68 and axial alignment and thrust bearings 70 keep the output shaft properly aligned within housing 14.
  • Splines 72 are provided on the lower ends of output shaft 52 to facilitate the driving of the drill bit below through the intermediate shock absorber S.
  • Oil conduits 76 are provided for circulating lubricating oil throughout the gear mechanism.
  • a drilling apparatus comprising:
  • said two-stage gear-reduction means comprising;
  • said first support means carried by a second sun shaft coaxial with said first sun shaft and adapted to rotate at a speed less than that of said first sun shaft,
  • each second planet gear being composed of two or more coaxial sections
  • said second support means carried by an output shaft coaxial with said second sun shaft and adapted to rotate at a speed less than that of said second sun shaft
  • the combined length of said coaxial sections comprising said second planet gears being substantially greater than the length of said first planet ears, thus permitting said secon planet gears to transmit a substantially greater amount of torque than said first planet gears, while the second support means supporting the second planet shaft means at each end of each coaxial section prevents excessive outward deflection of said second planet shaft means.
  • a drilling apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of speed reduction through said first reduction stage is approximately equal to the ratio of speed reduction through said second reduction stage, and the total longitudinal dimension of each said second planet gear is approximately twice the longitudinal dimension of each said first planet gear.
  • each said second planet gear comprises at least two coaxial sections.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Drilling And Boring (AREA)
  • Retarders (AREA)
US21120A 1970-03-19 1970-03-19 Drilling apparatus Expired - Lifetime US3669199A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US2112070A 1970-03-19 1970-03-19

Publications (1)

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US3669199A true US3669199A (en) 1972-06-13

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
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US (1) US3669199A (enExample)
CA (1) CA937229A (enExample)
FR (1) FR2083416B3 (enExample)

Cited By (23)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2900189A1 (de) * 1978-01-09 1979-07-19 Perm Vnii Burovoj Techniki Untersetzungseinheit eines antriebs an einer bohrlochsohle
DE2829502A1 (de) * 1978-07-05 1980-01-17 Zahnradfabrik Friedrichshafen Getriebe zur anordnung in einem zwischen zwei kraxialen rohren liegenden ringraum
FR2430664A1 (fr) * 1978-07-04 1980-02-01 Philips Nv Lampe a decharge dans le gaz a basse pression
US4222445A (en) * 1979-01-08 1980-09-16 Vadetsky Jury V Reduction unit of drilling motor
US4388973A (en) * 1980-04-02 1983-06-21 Zahnradfabrik Friedrichshafen Aktiengesellschaft Direct drill bit drive
US4683964A (en) * 1985-10-25 1987-08-04 Maxi-Torque Drill Systems, Inc. Downhole drill bit drive apparatus
WO1989008802A3 (fr) * 1988-03-12 1989-12-28 Schiedel Kaminwerke Friedrich Procede et dispositif pour l'elargissement d'une cheminee
WO1998020228A1 (en) * 1996-11-04 1998-05-14 Tiebo Tiefbohrservice Gmbh & Co. Kg Turbodrill with reduction gear
WO1998023883A1 (de) * 1996-11-28 1998-06-04 Netzsch Mohnopumpen Gmbh Planetengetriebe, insbesondere zum einsatz in bohrlöchern
US5845721A (en) * 1997-02-18 1998-12-08 Southard; Robert Charles Drilling device and method of drilling wells
US5993454A (en) * 1998-09-29 1999-11-30 Stryker Corporation Drill attachment for a surgical drill
US6047784A (en) * 1996-02-07 2000-04-11 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Apparatus and method for directional drilling using coiled tubing
US6488103B1 (en) 2001-01-03 2002-12-03 Gas Research Institute Drilling tool and method of using same
US20050144464A1 (en) * 2003-12-02 2005-06-30 Aimgene Technology Co., Ltd Memory storage device with a fingerprint sensor and method for protecting the data therein
US20060102388A1 (en) * 2004-11-15 2006-05-18 Dennis Tool Company Drilling tool
US7093679B1 (en) * 2003-06-05 2006-08-22 Watson Incorporated Foundation drilling apparatus and method with continuously variable hydraulic differential rotary table
US20080217062A1 (en) * 2007-03-05 2008-09-11 Robert Charles Southard Drilling apparatus and system for drilling wells
US20080264693A1 (en) * 2000-06-17 2008-10-30 Smith International, Inc. Drive System
US20100243331A1 (en) * 2009-03-26 2010-09-30 Longyear Tm, Inc. Helical drilling apparatus, systems, and methods
US20110100715A1 (en) * 2009-10-29 2011-05-05 Trican Well Service, Ltd. Center discharge gas turbodrill
US20110127086A1 (en) * 2009-03-26 2011-06-02 Longyear Tm, Inc. Helical drilling apparatus, systems, and methods
US20110315450A1 (en) * 2009-12-21 2011-12-29 Joachim Sihler Coiled tubing orienter tool with high torque planetary gear stage design drive
US20250283380A1 (en) * 2022-04-27 2025-09-11 Welltec A/S Wireline intervention tool string

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1790460A (en) * 1929-10-24 1931-01-27 Matvey A Capeliuschnicoff Well-drilling tool
US2654572A (en) * 1949-10-15 1953-10-06 Arutunoff Armais Drilling apparatus
US2743084A (en) * 1952-09-10 1956-04-24 Arutunoff Armais Drilling apparatus with sedimentation reservoir
US3209275A (en) * 1957-10-17 1965-09-28 Bendix Corp Circuit for varying the drive of an amplifier in accordance with power output demand

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1790460A (en) * 1929-10-24 1931-01-27 Matvey A Capeliuschnicoff Well-drilling tool
US2654572A (en) * 1949-10-15 1953-10-06 Arutunoff Armais Drilling apparatus
US2743084A (en) * 1952-09-10 1956-04-24 Arutunoff Armais Drilling apparatus with sedimentation reservoir
US3209275A (en) * 1957-10-17 1965-09-28 Bendix Corp Circuit for varying the drive of an amplifier in accordance with power output demand

Cited By (35)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2900189A1 (de) * 1978-01-09 1979-07-19 Perm Vnii Burovoj Techniki Untersetzungseinheit eines antriebs an einer bohrlochsohle
FR2430664A1 (fr) * 1978-07-04 1980-02-01 Philips Nv Lampe a decharge dans le gaz a basse pression
DE2829502A1 (de) * 1978-07-05 1980-01-17 Zahnradfabrik Friedrichshafen Getriebe zur anordnung in einem zwischen zwei kraxialen rohren liegenden ringraum
US4254669A (en) * 1978-07-05 1981-03-10 Zahnradfabrik Friedrichshafen Aktiengesellschaft Tube-shaft planetary-gear transmission
US4222445A (en) * 1979-01-08 1980-09-16 Vadetsky Jury V Reduction unit of drilling motor
US4388973A (en) * 1980-04-02 1983-06-21 Zahnradfabrik Friedrichshafen Aktiengesellschaft Direct drill bit drive
US4683964A (en) * 1985-10-25 1987-08-04 Maxi-Torque Drill Systems, Inc. Downhole drill bit drive apparatus
WO1989008802A3 (fr) * 1988-03-12 1989-12-28 Schiedel Kaminwerke Friedrich Procede et dispositif pour l'elargissement d'une cheminee
EP0341394A3 (en) * 1988-03-12 1990-01-31 Friedrich Schiedel Kaminwerke Gesellschaft M.B.H. Method and device for enlarging a chimney which is to be lined at the interior by cutting, especially by milling, and applications
US5096262A (en) * 1988-03-12 1992-03-17 Bernhard Foullois Device for enlarging a chimney
US6047784A (en) * 1996-02-07 2000-04-11 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Apparatus and method for directional drilling using coiled tubing
WO1998020228A1 (en) * 1996-11-04 1998-05-14 Tiebo Tiefbohrservice Gmbh & Co. Kg Turbodrill with reduction gear
WO1998023883A1 (de) * 1996-11-28 1998-06-04 Netzsch Mohnopumpen Gmbh Planetengetriebe, insbesondere zum einsatz in bohrlöchern
US5845721A (en) * 1997-02-18 1998-12-08 Southard; Robert Charles Drilling device and method of drilling wells
US5993454A (en) * 1998-09-29 1999-11-30 Stryker Corporation Drill attachment for a surgical drill
US7802638B2 (en) * 2000-06-17 2010-09-28 Smith International, Inc. Drive system
US20080264693A1 (en) * 2000-06-17 2008-10-30 Smith International, Inc. Drive System
US6488103B1 (en) 2001-01-03 2002-12-03 Gas Research Institute Drilling tool and method of using same
US7093679B1 (en) * 2003-06-05 2006-08-22 Watson Incorporated Foundation drilling apparatus and method with continuously variable hydraulic differential rotary table
US20050144464A1 (en) * 2003-12-02 2005-06-30 Aimgene Technology Co., Ltd Memory storage device with a fingerprint sensor and method for protecting the data therein
US20060102388A1 (en) * 2004-11-15 2006-05-18 Dennis Tool Company Drilling tool
US7712549B2 (en) 2004-11-15 2010-05-11 Dennis Tool Company Drilling tool
US20080217062A1 (en) * 2007-03-05 2008-09-11 Robert Charles Southard Drilling apparatus and system for drilling wells
US7607496B2 (en) 2007-03-05 2009-10-27 Robert Charles Southard Drilling apparatus and system for drilling wells
US7673707B2 (en) 2007-03-05 2010-03-09 Robert Charles Southard Drilling apparatus and system for drilling wells
US20110127086A1 (en) * 2009-03-26 2011-06-02 Longyear Tm, Inc. Helical drilling apparatus, systems, and methods
US20100243331A1 (en) * 2009-03-26 2010-09-30 Longyear Tm, Inc. Helical drilling apparatus, systems, and methods
US8006783B2 (en) * 2009-03-26 2011-08-30 Longyear Tm, Inc. Helical drilling apparatus, systems, and methods
US8616303B2 (en) 2009-03-26 2013-12-31 Longyear Tm, Inc. Helical drilling apparatus, systems, and methods
US20110100715A1 (en) * 2009-10-29 2011-05-05 Trican Well Service, Ltd. Center discharge gas turbodrill
US8607897B2 (en) * 2009-10-29 2013-12-17 Trican Well Service, Ltd. Center discharge gas turbodrill
US8770317B2 (en) 2009-10-29 2014-07-08 Trican Well Service, Ltd. Center discharge gas turbodrill
US20110315450A1 (en) * 2009-12-21 2011-12-29 Joachim Sihler Coiled tubing orienter tool with high torque planetary gear stage design drive
US8714245B2 (en) * 2009-12-21 2014-05-06 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Coiled tubing orienter tool with high torque planetary gear stage design drive
US20250283380A1 (en) * 2022-04-27 2025-09-11 Welltec A/S Wireline intervention tool string

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2083416A3 (enExample) 1971-12-17
FR2083416B3 (enExample) 1973-12-28
CA937229A (en) 1973-11-20

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AS Assignment

Owner name: JONES & LAUGHLIN STEEL, INCORPORATED

Free format text: MERGER;ASSIGNORS:JONES & LAUGHLIN STEEL CORPORATION, A CORP. OF PA.;YOUNGTOWN SHEET & TUBE COMPANY,A CORP. OF OH. (MERGED INTO);NEW J&L STEEL CORPRATION, A CORP. OF DE., (CHANGED TO);REEL/FRAME:004510/0801

Effective date: 19851018

AS Assignment

Owner name: LTV STEEL COMPANY, INC.,

Free format text: MERGER AND CHANGE OF NAME EFFECTIVE DECEMBER 19, 1984, (NEW JERSEY);ASSIGNORS:JONES & LAUGHLIN STEEL, INCORPORATED, A DE. CORP. (INTO);REPUBLIC STEEL CORPORATION, A NJ CORP. (CHANGEDTO);REEL/FRAME:004736/0443

Effective date: 19850612