US3665803A - Silent hand weapon - Google Patents

Silent hand weapon Download PDF

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Publication number
US3665803A
US3665803A US881805A US3665803DA US3665803A US 3665803 A US3665803 A US 3665803A US 881805 A US881805 A US 881805A US 3665803D A US3665803D A US 3665803DA US 3665803 A US3665803 A US 3665803A
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United States
Prior art keywords
weapon
projectile
catalyst bed
barrel
liquid propellant
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Expired - Lifetime
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US881805A
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Irving Forsten
William J Buckley Jr
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US Department of Army
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US Department of Army
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41B—WEAPONS FOR PROJECTING MISSILES WITHOUT USE OF EXPLOSIVE OR COMBUSTIBLE PROPELLANT CHARGE; WEAPONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F41B11/00—Compressed-gas guns, e.g. air guns; Steam guns

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A hand held weapon having especial value in guerilla fighting and the like since the weapon is capable of discharging projectiles without visible or audible signals.
  • the weapon is actuated by having hydrogen peroxide controllably contact a silver screen for decomposition of the peroxide into superheated steam and oxygen which rupture a burst disc before sending the projectile toward the target.
  • the pressure behing the projectile is substantially constant for the entire length of the weapons barrel.
  • This invention relates to hand weapons and more particularly concerns silent, smokeless hand weapons yielding no visible signals when actuated.
  • a silent, smokeless hand weapon would be of great value in assisting commandos and guerillas in conducting assigned missions. Such missions are generally carried out by a limited number of personnel using portable equipment. Since surprise is a vital factor in carrying out these missions, the assailant must be capable of moving rapidly and yet not be readily seen. Under these conditions, a standard pistol would obviously be undesirable because of the loud noise produced as well as the production of a visible signal in the form of a flash or smoke.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide such a weapon which, when firing a projectile therefrom, is characterized by an absence of audible and visible signals.
  • Still another object of the invention is to provide such a weapon wherein a substantially constant pressure force is developed behind the projectile throughout the entire barrel length, thus obviating the high operating pressures required by standard weapons for achieving desirable muzzle velocities.
  • an energy source of hydrogen peroxide for example, may be caused to contact a suitable catalyst for decomposition of the peroxide into gases which, at a predetermined pressure, will eject a projectile from a weapon.
  • a suitable catalyst for decomposition of the peroxide into gases which, at a predetermined pressure, will eject a projectile from a weapon.
  • the pressure behind the projectile is substantially constant for the entire length of the barrel.
  • out weapon comprises a reservoir for containing the fuel 12, such as hydrogen peroxide, for example, which is effective in our device in concentrations ranging between about 70 to 100 percent.
  • the fuel 12 such as hydrogen peroxide, for example
  • Amine derivatives such as hydrazine also work well.
  • a piston 13 has a front face 14 forming a part of the reservoir 10. The piston is actuated by a constant force spring 15, held in tension, one end of which is attached to rear face 16 of piston 13. Spring urges the piston forward (toward the barrel 18) to cause the hydrogen peroxide to penetrate disc 20, forming another portion of reservoir 10.
  • the disc 20 includes a central opening 22 covered by a mylar sheet 24 which prevents the peroxide from escaping the reservoir 10 at atmospheric pressures, but readily ruptures when a predetermined pressure is applied to the peroxide through the action of the piston.
  • a mylar sheet of approximately 0.0002 inches thick is adequate for our purposes, i.e., it is sufficiently thick so as not to rupture during ordinary usage and yet thin enough to rupture upon application of a predetermined pressure thereto.
  • a plurality of openings, each covered with a mylar sheet may be used in place of the disc with the central opening.
  • a catalyst bed 30, preferably a silver screen, is situated forwardly the hydrogen peroxide, or it may be spaced therefrom by any suitable porous disc unreactive to hydrogen peroxide.
  • the peroxide immediately decomposes into superheated steam and oxygen which pass through porous disc 32.
  • the burst disc 36 ruptures and the pressure causes projectile 38 to travel down the length of the barrel and onto the target, the pressure behind the projectile remaining substantially constant for the entire length of the barrel, since peroxide continues to flow into the catalyst bed due to the force exerted by the piston on the peroxide.
  • the ejection of the projectile is accomplished without any appreciable visible or audible signals.
  • the burst disc 36 may conveniently be a mylar sheet which has been aluminum coated, as is well known in the art, the disc having a total thickness of about 0.0005 inches. Multiple layers of mylar discs may be used if increased pressure levels are desired.
  • the burst disc may be altered, as aforedescribed, or made from other suitable materials capable of withstanding higher pressure.
  • the quantity of hydrogen peroxide entering the silver screen catalyst bed may also be increased by employing a spring of greater strength.
  • the spring may be replaced by nitrogen gas or carbon dioxide, and the like, under pressure, which can be actuated to urge the piston forwardly by means well known. In such case, an O-ring 40 will be disposed rearwardly in piston 12, which is satisfactory even for the spring means shown. O-ring 42 will be present regardless of the piston urging means employed.
  • the burst disc 36 and sheet 24 may be fabricated from such materials as tetrafluoroethylene or thin metallic discs and the like.
  • the barrel length may be changed to permit projectiles to be fired at long or short ranges.
  • barrel 18 will have screw threads 46 at its inner end for quick removal from the main body of the weapon.
  • plastic and reinforced plastic wherever possible, such as tetrafluoroethylene and glass filament reinforcement for example.
  • plastic materials could also be used for the structural components that contact the hydrogen peroxide as well as the O-rings. Because temperature levels of the exhaust gases would not exceed about 1350F, and for very short durations, a glass fiber reinforced nylon could be used for the barrel as well as other parts which do not come in contact with the hydrogen peroxide.
  • metals such as aluminum and stainless steel could readily be used if desired.
  • iodine-pentoxide may be used advantageously with hydrazine.
  • liquid propellants may also be introduced.
  • our weapon may be adapted by one skilled in the art to fire a plurality of projectiles separately as is well known in automatic hand weapon design.
  • a weapon having a barrel for ejecting a projectile therefrom without visible or audible signals, said projectile being disposed at an inner portion of said barrel forward of a main portion of said weapon, said main portion having a tubular portion rearwardly adjacent said barrel,
  • a catalyst bed within said tubular portion forward of said liquid propellant, means separating said liquid propellant and catalyst bed, means for bringing said liquid propellant into contact with said catalyst bed and for producing a gas pressure behind said projectile, said pressure being substantially constant behind said projectile regardless of the location of said projectilewithin said barrel, said means including a piston disposed in said weapon rearwardly of said liquid propellant and having a front face adjacent thereto,
  • burst disc disposed within said air space and extending across said tubular portion of said weapon
  • liquid propellant is hydrogen peroxide
  • disc having at least one opening therethrough, said opening having a thin sheet thereover capable of rupturing upon application of a predetermined pressure thereto.
  • the device of claim 6 further characterized by said catalyst bed having a porous disc wall at its outer portion for permitting gases to pass therethrough.

Abstract

A hand held weapon having especial value in guerilla fighting and the like since the weapon is capable of discharging projectiles without visible or audible signals. The weapon is actuated by having hydrogen peroxide controllably contact a silver screen for decomposition of the peroxide into superheated steam and oxygen which rupture a burst disc before sending the projectile toward the target. The pressure behing the projectile is substantially constant for the entire length of the weapon''s barrel.

Description

Unite Sttes atem Forsten et ai.
[ SILENT WEAPON [72] Inventors: Irving Forsten, West Orange; William J.
Buckley, Jr., Sparta, both of NJ.
[73] Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the Army 22 Filed: Dec.3, 1969 211 Appl.No.: 881,805
[52] [1.8. CI ..89/7, 89/1 [51] Int. CL. ..F4lf 1/00 [58] Field ofSearch ..149/36; 60/218, 219, 37,50; /7, 8
[56] References Cited UNlTED STATES PATENTS 2,986,072 5/1961 Hudson ..89/7
2,930,184 3/1960 Plescia et al. 60/2 I 8 3,488,962 1/1970 McCormick. 60/219 556,058 3/1896 Huey ..89/7
Primary Examiner-Samuel W. Engle Attorney-Harry M. Saragovitz, Edward J. Kelly, Herbert Berl and S. Dubroff [5 7] ABSTRACT A hand held weapon having especial value in guerilla fighting and the like since the weapon is capable of discharging projectiles without visible or audible signals. The weapon is actuated by having hydrogen peroxide controllably contact a silver screen for decomposition of the peroxide into superheated steam and oxygen which rupture a burst disc before sending the projectile toward the target. The pressure behing the projectile is substantially constant for the entire length of the weapons barrel.
7 Claims, 1 Drawing Figure SILENT HAND WEAPON The invention described herein may be manufactured, used, and licensed by or for the Government for governmental purposes without the payment to us of any royalties thereon.
This invention relates to hand weapons and more particularly concerns silent, smokeless hand weapons yielding no visible signals when actuated.
A silent, smokeless hand weapon would be of great value in assisting commandos and guerillas in conducting assigned missions. Such missions are generally carried out by a limited number of personnel using portable equipment. Since surprise is a vital factor in carrying out these missions, the assailant must be capable of moving rapidly and yet not be readily seen. Under these conditions, a standard pistol would obviously be undesirable because of the loud noise produced as well as the production of a visible signal in the form of a flash or smoke.
It is therefore an object of this invention to provide improved hand held weapons which are suitable for use in guerilla missions and the like.
Another object of the invention is to provide such a weapon which, when firing a projectile therefrom, is characterized by an absence of audible and visible signals.
Still another object of the invention is to provide such a weapon wherein a substantially constant pressure force is developed behind the projectile throughout the entire barrel length, thus obviating the high operating pressures required by standard weapons for achieving desirable muzzle velocities.
The exact nature of the invention as well as other objects and advantages thereof will be readily apparent from consideration of the following specification relating to the annexed single FlGURE of drawing wherein an embodiment of our inventive device in axial section is shown.
Briefly, we have discovered that an energy source of hydrogen peroxide, for example, may be caused to contact a suitable catalyst for decomposition of the peroxide into gases which, at a predetermined pressure, will eject a projectile from a weapon. As aforementioned, the pressure behind the projectile is substantially constant for the entire length of the barrel.
More specifically, and referring to the drawing, out weapon comprises a reservoir for containing the fuel 12, such as hydrogen peroxide, for example, which is effective in our device in concentrations ranging between about 70 to 100 percent. Amine derivatives such as hydrazine also work well. A piston 13 has a front face 14 forming a part of the reservoir 10. The piston is actuated by a constant force spring 15, held in tension, one end of which is attached to rear face 16 of piston 13. Spring urges the piston forward (toward the barrel 18) to cause the hydrogen peroxide to penetrate disc 20, forming another portion of reservoir 10. The disc 20 includes a central opening 22 covered by a mylar sheet 24 which prevents the peroxide from escaping the reservoir 10 at atmospheric pressures, but readily ruptures when a predetermined pressure is applied to the peroxide through the action of the piston. We have determined that a mylar sheet of approximately 0.0002 inches thick is adequate for our purposes, i.e., it is sufficiently thick so as not to rupture during ordinary usage and yet thin enough to rupture upon application of a predetermined pressure thereto. If desired, a plurality of openings, each covered with a mylar sheet, may be used in place of the disc with the central opening.
A catalyst bed 30, preferably a silver screen, is situated forwardly the hydrogen peroxide, or it may be spaced therefrom by any suitable porous disc unreactive to hydrogen peroxide. Upon contact with the silver screen 30, the peroxide immediately decomposes into superheated steam and oxygen which pass through porous disc 32. When a predetermined pressure is attained, the burst disc 36 ruptures and the pressure causes projectile 38 to travel down the length of the barrel and onto the target, the pressure behind the projectile remaining substantially constant for the entire length of the barrel, since peroxide continues to flow into the catalyst bed due to the force exerted by the piston on the peroxide. The ejection of the projectile is accomplished without any appreciable visible or audible signals. The burst disc 36 may conveniently be a mylar sheet which has been aluminum coated, as is well known in the art, the disc having a total thickness of about 0.0005 inches. Multiple layers of mylar discs may be used if increased pressure levels are desired.
In testing our weapon, 2.7cc of percent hydrogen peroxide propelled a 16 grain projectile at a velocity of 405ft/sec. under a pressure of 860 psig. lf higher velocities are required, the burst disc may be altered, as aforedescribed, or made from other suitable materials capable of withstanding higher pressure. The quantity of hydrogen peroxide entering the silver screen catalyst bed may also be increased by employing a spring of greater strength. It should be understood that the spring may be replaced by nitrogen gas or carbon dioxide, and the like, under pressure, which can be actuated to urge the piston forwardly by means well known. In such case, an O-ring 40 will be disposed rearwardly in piston 12, which is satisfactory even for the spring means shown. O-ring 42 will be present regardless of the piston urging means employed.
The burst disc 36 and sheet 24 may be fabricated from such materials as tetrafluoroethylene or thin metallic discs and the like. The barrel length may be changed to permit projectiles to be fired at long or short ranges. To this end, barrel 18 will have screw threads 46 at its inner end for quick removal from the main body of the weapon.
To make the weapon extremely light and inexpensive, construction will be of plastic and reinforced plastic wherever possible, such as tetrafluoroethylene and glass filament reinforcement for example. These plastic materials could also be used for the structural components that contact the hydrogen peroxide as well as the O-rings. Because temperature levels of the exhaust gases would not exceed about 1350F, and for very short durations, a glass fiber reinforced nylon could be used for the barrel as well as other parts which do not come in contact with the hydrogen peroxide. Although the use of plastics is preferred, metals such as aluminum and stainless steel could readily be used if desired.
Nor is our invention limited to the use of a silver screen catalyst. For example, iodine-pentoxide may be used advantageously with hydrazine.
Other suitable liquid propellants may also be introduced. Similarly, our weapon may be adapted by one skilled in the art to fire a plurality of projectiles separately as is well known in automatic hand weapon design.
We therefore wish it to be understood that we do not desire to be limited to the exact details of construction shown and described, for obvious modifications will occur to a person skilled in the art.
We claim:
1. In a weapon having a barrel for ejecting a projectile therefrom without visible or audible signals, said projectile being disposed at an inner portion of said barrel forward of a main portion of said weapon, said main portion having a tubular portion rearwardly adjacent said barrel,
a liquid propellant within said tubular portion,
a catalyst bed within said tubular portion forward of said liquid propellant, means separating said liquid propellant and catalyst bed, means for bringing said liquid propellant into contact with said catalyst bed and for producing a gas pressure behind said projectile, said pressure being substantially constant behind said projectile regardless of the location of said projectilewithin said barrel, said means including a piston disposed in said weapon rearwardly of said liquid propellant and having a front face adjacent thereto,
means for providing a constant force urging said piston forwardly,
an air space between said catalyst bed and said projectile,
a burst disc disposed within said air space and extending across said tubular portion of said weapon, and
a trigger for actuating said constant force providing means.
2. The device of claim 1 wherein said liquid propellant is hydrogen peroxide.
disc having at least one opening therethrough, said opening having a thin sheet thereover capable of rupturing upon application of a predetermined pressure thereto.
7. The device of claim 6 further characterized by said catalyst bed having a porous disc wall at its outer portion for permitting gases to pass therethrough.

Claims (7)

1. In a weapon having a barrel for ejecting a projectile therefrom without visible or audible signals, said projectile being disposed at an inner portion of said barrel forward of a main portion of said weapon, said main portion having a tubular portion rearwardly adjacent said barrel, a liquid propellant within said tubular portion, a catalyst bed within said tubular portion forward of said liquid propellant, means separating said liquid propellant and catalyst bed, means for bringing said liquid propellant into contact with said catalyst bed and for producing a gas pressure behind said projectile, said pressure being substantially constant behind said projectile regardless of the location of said projectile within said barrel, said means including a piston disposed in said weapon rearwardly of said liquid propellant and having a front face adjacent thereto, means for providing a constant force urging said piston forwardly, an air space between said catalyst bed and said projectile, a burst disc disposed within said air space and extending across said tubular portion of said weapon, and a trigger for actuating said constant force providing means.
2. The device of claim 1 wherein said liquid propellant is hydrogen peroxide.
3. The device of claim 2 wherein said catalyst bed is a silver screen.
4. The device of claim 1 wherein said liquid fuel is hydrazine.
5. The device of claim 3 wherein said catalyst bed is iodine-pentoxide.
6. The device of claim 1 wherein said separating means is a disc having at least one opening therethrough, said opening having a thin sheet thereover capable of rupturing upon application of a predetermined pressure thereto.
7. The device of claim 6 further characterized by said catalyst bed having a porous disc wall at its outer portion for permitting gases to pass therethrough.
US881805A 1969-12-03 1969-12-03 Silent hand weapon Expired - Lifetime US3665803A (en)

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Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3771414A (en) * 1971-11-26 1973-11-13 Us Army Apparatus for a gun purging system
US4711154A (en) * 1985-10-31 1987-12-08 Fmc Corporation Combustion augmented plasma pressure amplifier
EP1446626A1 (en) * 2001-11-02 2004-08-18 Poly Systems Pty Limited Projectile firing device using liquified gas propellant
US20050016412A1 (en) * 2003-02-10 2005-01-27 Pepperball Technologies, Inc., A Delaware Corporation Stabilized non-lethal projectile systems
US20050188886A1 (en) * 1996-11-18 2005-09-01 Pepperball Technologies, Inc. Non-lethal projectile systems
US20060011090A1 (en) * 2004-04-09 2006-01-19 Pepperball Technologies, Inc., A Delaware Corporation Primer launched projectile systems
US20060027223A1 (en) * 2004-05-12 2006-02-09 Pepperball Technologies, Inc. Compact projectile launcher
US20060266206A1 (en) * 2005-05-25 2006-11-30 Lund Bruce D Hydrogen operated recreational launcher
US20070245919A1 (en) * 1996-11-18 2007-10-25 Pepperball Technologies, Inc. Non-lethal projectiles for delivering an inhibiting substance to a living target
US20080017179A1 (en) * 2004-05-12 2008-01-24 Pepperball Technologies, Inc. Compressed Gas Cartridge Puncture Apparatus
US20080216640A1 (en) * 2005-01-27 2008-09-11 John Brand Lightweight rammer
WO2009013514A1 (en) * 2007-07-25 2009-01-29 Oxford Catalysts Limited Steam production
US20090071459A1 (en) * 2007-09-18 2009-03-19 Pepperball Technologies, Inc. Systems, methods and apparatus for use in distributing irritant powder

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US556058A (en) * 1896-03-10 Valve for steam-guns
US2930184A (en) * 1949-05-13 1960-03-29 Kellogg M W Co Method and apparatus for hydrazine decomposition
US2986072A (en) * 1952-11-19 1961-05-30 Colin M Hudson Liquid fuel catapult
US3488962A (en) * 1965-07-20 1970-01-13 Fmc Corp Method of decomposing hydrogen peroxide using a silver-palladium catalyst

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US556058A (en) * 1896-03-10 Valve for steam-guns
US2930184A (en) * 1949-05-13 1960-03-29 Kellogg M W Co Method and apparatus for hydrazine decomposition
US2986072A (en) * 1952-11-19 1961-05-30 Colin M Hudson Liquid fuel catapult
US3488962A (en) * 1965-07-20 1970-01-13 Fmc Corp Method of decomposing hydrogen peroxide using a silver-palladium catalyst

Cited By (22)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3771414A (en) * 1971-11-26 1973-11-13 Us Army Apparatus for a gun purging system
US4711154A (en) * 1985-10-31 1987-12-08 Fmc Corporation Combustion augmented plasma pressure amplifier
US20050188886A1 (en) * 1996-11-18 2005-09-01 Pepperball Technologies, Inc. Non-lethal projectile systems
US20090013893A1 (en) * 1996-11-18 2009-01-15 Pepperball Technologies, Inc. Non-lethal projectile systems
US20070245919A1 (en) * 1996-11-18 2007-10-25 Pepperball Technologies, Inc. Non-lethal projectiles for delivering an inhibiting substance to a living target
CN100380088C (en) * 2001-11-02 2008-04-09 多系统私人有限公司 Projectile firing device using liquified gas propellant
EP1446626A1 (en) * 2001-11-02 2004-08-18 Poly Systems Pty Limited Projectile firing device using liquified gas propellant
EP1446626A4 (en) * 2001-11-02 2006-06-07 Poly Systems Pty Ltd Projectile firing device using liquified gas propellant
US20050016412A1 (en) * 2003-02-10 2005-01-27 Pepperball Technologies, Inc., A Delaware Corporation Stabilized non-lethal projectile systems
US20090266262A1 (en) * 2003-02-10 2009-10-29 Pepperball Technologies, Inc. Stabilized non-lethal projectile systems
US7526998B2 (en) 2003-02-10 2009-05-05 Pepperball Technologies, Inc. Stabilized non-lethal projectile systems
US20060011090A1 (en) * 2004-04-09 2006-01-19 Pepperball Technologies, Inc., A Delaware Corporation Primer launched projectile systems
US20080017179A1 (en) * 2004-05-12 2008-01-24 Pepperball Technologies, Inc. Compressed Gas Cartridge Puncture Apparatus
US20060027223A1 (en) * 2004-05-12 2006-02-09 Pepperball Technologies, Inc. Compact projectile launcher
US20080216640A1 (en) * 2005-01-27 2008-09-11 John Brand Lightweight rammer
US7254914B2 (en) * 2005-05-25 2007-08-14 Lund Technologies, Llc Hydrogen operated recreational launcher
US20060266206A1 (en) * 2005-05-25 2006-11-30 Lund Bruce D Hydrogen operated recreational launcher
WO2009013514A1 (en) * 2007-07-25 2009-01-29 Oxford Catalysts Limited Steam production
US20100282236A1 (en) * 2007-07-25 2010-11-11 Tiancun Xiao Steam production
AU2008278861B2 (en) * 2007-07-25 2013-01-31 Velocys Technologies Limited Steam production
US20090071459A1 (en) * 2007-09-18 2009-03-19 Pepperball Technologies, Inc. Systems, methods and apparatus for use in distributing irritant powder
US7752974B2 (en) 2007-09-18 2010-07-13 Pepperball Technologies, Inc. Systems, methods and apparatus for use in distributing irritant powder

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