US36627A - Improvement in apparatus for the manufacture of illuminating-gas - Google Patents
Improvement in apparatus for the manufacture of illuminating-gas Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US36627A US36627A US36627DA US36627A US 36627 A US36627 A US 36627A US 36627D A US36627D A US 36627DA US 36627 A US36627 A US 36627A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- retort
- pipe
- water
- condenser
- gas
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 18
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 18
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 229910052570 clay Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 210000001503 Joints Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D15/00—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies
- F28D15/02—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes
- F28D15/0275—Arrangements for coupling heat-pipes together or with other structures, e.g. with base blocks; Heat pipe cores
Definitions
- FIG. II is a vertical section of the generator.
- Fig. III is a vertical section of the compound retort on line A B of Fig. IV.
- Fig. IV is a cross-section of retort on line a d of Fig. III.
- Fig. V is an elevation of theinner retort.
- Fig. VI is a top plan of generator.
- Fig. VII is a vertical section of condenser.
- Fig. VIII is a longitudinal section of the washer.
- the generator is represented at A, and includes the furnace part a, which is made of cast-iron and lined with fire-brick, the ash-pit a and the compound retort D and D.
- the compound retort is composed of the outer retort, D, which may be made of cast-iron, clay,
- the inner retort is placed within the outer, so that an annular chamber is formed in the outer, as shown at h.
- a grating, e there is a grating, e,
- the inner retort, D has a pipe or chamber cast thereon, as shown at (P, which opens into the lower chamber, ⁇ 1. It also has a flange, K, which forms a cover to the outer retort. At the bottom of this pipe a piece of smooth or polished fire-brick is placed at a high angle, as shown at i.
- a cover which is fixed over the inner retort by lead joint, as shown at l in Figs. II and III.
- the flange of the inner retort forms a cover to the outer retort with lead joint, as shown at Z.
- the eduction-pipe M is attached to the cover by a stationary rustjoint, m, which pipe connects with the condenser N.
- the condenser N contains a coil of pipe or tubing of iron or lead or other suitable material, as shown at 0, through which cold water passes from a reservoir.
- This pipe branches off below the condenser into two parts, one of which, 0, opens into the pipe (i and supplies water to the inner retort, and the other, 0, supplies water to the washer.
- the condenser is connected to the petroleum-tank P by means of the pipe Q, which is provided with a siphonvalve, 12, and stop-cock f.
- the condenser is also connected with the washer R by means of the eduction-pipe S.
- T is a waste-pipe. All the parts of the apparatus, with the exception of the rust-joints and lead joints at the top of the generator, are connected by means of water-j oints, (represented at u in Fig. VIII,) which will instantly yield to any increase of pressure above the column of water which they contain, which need not exceed eighteen inches.
- V is a siphon wastepipe connected with the washer.
- V is a siphon-pipe which conducts petroleum or other suitable fluid hydrocarbon from the reservoir 1 to the outer retort.
- This pipe divides into several branches, as shown at w, and pass through the cover, so as to allow the fluid hydrocarbon to drop upon the red-hot coke or charcoal in the outer retort iii-several places.
- X is a pipe which conducts the purified gas from the washer to the gasometer.
- the reservoir P is filled with petroleum or other fluid hydrocarbon, as herein described, which is allowed to flow through the siphon-pipe IV and w and fall onto pieces of red-hot coke, charcoal, or fire-brick contained in the outer retort, D, and at the same time water from the condenser or other suitable source flows through the siphon-pipe 0, through the flange or cover K, and falls upon the smooth sloping red-hot piece of fire-brick 'i at the bottom of the pipe (2
- the upper chamber,f, of the inner retort is filled with coke or charcoal, as shown at f.
- the outer annular chamber, h is also filled with coke or charcoal, as shown at h.
- the hydrocarbon vapors are converted into permanent gases by the influence of presence or catalysis, thereby preventing any subsequent condensation, and, with the permanent gases previously formed and the vapor of water, pass up through the grating e and through the red-hot coke into the upper chamber, f, of the inner retort. Any vapor of water which is not decomposed by the hydrocarbon vapors or gases is converted into gases' carbonic acid, carbonic oxide, and hydrogen by passing over the surface of red-hot coke,
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
Description
E. THOMSON. Making 0n arid. "Water Ga s.
. Patented Oct. 7, 1862.
W2? 11635 es u. 'Pzrsns, Wuhimen. D. c.
UNITED STATES "PATENT OFFIC JAMES E. THOMSON, OF BUFFALO, NEW YORK.
IMPROVEMENT IN APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF lLLUMlNATlNG-GAS.
Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 36,627.. dated October 7, 18(2.
ings, making a part of this specification, inv
which Figure I is a side elevation of my improved apparatus. Fig. II is a vertical section of the generator. Fig. III is a vertical section of the compound retort on line A B of Fig. IV. Fig. IV is a cross-section of retort on line a d of Fig. III. Fig. V is an elevation of theinner retort. Fig. VI is a top plan of generator. Fig. VII is a vertical section of condenser. Fig. VIII is a longitudinal section of the washer.
Letters of like name and kind refer to like parts in each of the figures.
The generator is represented at A, and includes the furnace part a, which is made of cast-iron and lined with fire-brick, the ash-pit a and the compound retort D and D. The compound retort is composed of the outer retort, D, which may be made of cast-iron, clay,
or other suitable material, and the inner retort, D, which is also made of cast-iron, clay, or other suitable material. (Both may be made cylindrical, conical, or other suitableform.) The inner retort is placed within the outer, so that an annular chamber is formed in the outer, as shown at h. There is a grating, e,
placed in theinner retort, which supports coke or charcoal thereon and divides the retort into two chambersto wit, an upper chamber, f, and lower chamber, 9. The inner retort, D, has a pipe or chamber cast thereon, as shown at (P, which opens into the lower chamber, {1. It also has a flange, K, which forms a cover to the outer retort. At the bottom of this pipe a piece of smooth or polished fire-brick is placed at a high angle, as shown at i. Water from the condenser (or other source) is conducted through this pipe, which falls upon the smooth polished and hot surface of this firebrick and glances therefrom into the chamber There are arched cavities made in the bot tom of the inner retort, as shown at J ,which serve as channels or communications between the outer retort, D, and inner retort, D.
At K is shown a cover, which is fixed over the inner retort by lead joint, as shown at l in Figs. II and III. The flange of the inner retort forms a cover to the outer retort with lead joint, as shown at Z. The eduction-pipe M is attached to the cover by a stationary rustjoint, m, which pipe connects with the condenser N. The condenser N contains a coil of pipe or tubing of iron or lead or other suitable material, as shown at 0, through which cold water passes from a reservoir. This pipe branches off below the condenser into two parts, one of which, 0, opens into the pipe (i and supplies water to the inner retort, and the other, 0, supplies water to the washer. The condenser is connected to the petroleum-tank P by means of the pipe Q, which is provided with a siphonvalve, 12, and stop-cock f. The condenser is also connected with the washer R by means of the eduction-pipe S.
T is a waste-pipe. All the parts of the apparatus, with the exception of the rust-joints and lead joints at the top of the generator, are connected by means of water-j oints, (represented at u in Fig. VIII,) which will instantly yield to any increase of pressure above the column of water which they contain, which need not exceed eighteen inches.
V is a siphon wastepipe connected with the washer. I
V is a siphon-pipe which conducts petroleum or other suitable fluid hydrocarbon from the reservoir 1 to the outer retort. This pipe divides into several branches, as shown at w, and pass through the cover, so as to allow the fluid hydrocarbon to drop upon the red-hot coke or charcoal in the outer retort iii-several places.
X is a pipe which conducts the purified gas from the washer to the gasometer.
Operation: The reservoir P is filled with petroleum or other fluid hydrocarbon, as herein described, which is allowed to flow through the siphon-pipe IV and w and fall onto pieces of red-hot coke, charcoal, or fire-brick contained in the outer retort, D, and at the same time water from the condenser or other suitable source flows through the siphon-pipe 0, through the flange or cover K, and falls upon the smooth sloping red-hot piece of fire-brick 'i at the bottom of the pipe (2 The upper chamber,f, of the inner retort is filled with coke or charcoal, as shown at f. The outer annular chamber, h, is also filled with coke or charcoal, as shown at h. After a fire has been lighted in the furnace and the retorts'have become red hot, the petroleum or other fluid hydrocarbon falling upon the red-hot coke or charcoal, will be converted partly into permanent gases and partly into volatile hydrocarbons. These, having no other outlet, will pass through the openings or channels J into the lower chamber, g, and there meet with globules of water in its spheroidal state, thrown off from the sloping red-hot smooth surface of the fire-brick i. From the known properties of water when thrown into its spheroidal state at avery elevated temperature in an atmosphere of hydrocarbons, the hydrocarbon vapors are converted into permanent gases by the influence of presence or catalysis, thereby preventing any subsequent condensation, and, with the permanent gases previously formed and the vapor of water, pass up through the grating e and through the red-hot coke into the upper chamber, f, of the inner retort. Any vapor of water which is not decomposed by the hydrocarbon vapors or gases is converted into gases' carbonic acid, carbonic oxide, and hydrogen by passing over the surface of red-hot coke,
whi ch,min glin g with the permanent gases from the petroleum, pass on with them to the eduction-pipe M, and thence to the condenser N. If any part of the hydrocarbon vapors have escaped conversion into permanent gases when coming in contact with water in its spheroidal state at a very high temperature, which it is one material object of this apparatus to eEt'ect,-they JAS. E. THOMSON.
Witnesses:
E. B. .FoRBUsH, W. H. FORBUSH.
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US36627A true US36627A (en) | 1862-10-07 |
Family
ID=2106204
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US36627D Expired - Lifetime US36627A (en) | Improvement in apparatus for the manufacture of illuminating-gas |
Country Status (1)
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US (1) | US36627A (en) |
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- US US36627D patent/US36627A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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