US3658719A - Smoke generating tube - Google Patents
Smoke generating tube Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3658719A US3658719A US865039A US3658719DA US3658719A US 3658719 A US3658719 A US 3658719A US 865039 A US865039 A US 865039A US 3658719D A US3658719D A US 3658719DA US 3658719 A US3658719 A US 3658719A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- smoke
- tube
- reagent
- acid
- contained
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 title description 22
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 abstract description 20
- 239000003708 ampul Substances 0.000 abstract description 14
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000011973 solid acid Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 6
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000012445 acidic reagent Substances 0.000 description 5
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 4
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000008262 pumice Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910021627 Tin(IV) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229960000583 acetic acid Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000908 ammonium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001427 coherent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- PAFZNILMFXTMIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexylamine Chemical compound NC1CCCCC1 PAFZNILMFXTMIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- HPGGPRDJHPYFRM-UHFFFAOYSA-J tin(iv) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Sn](Cl)(Cl)Cl HPGGPRDJHPYFRM-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 2
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 2
- HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminoethan-1-ol Chemical compound NCCO HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003973 alkyl amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- HGAZMNJKRQFZKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloroethene;ethenyl acetate Chemical compound ClC=C.CC(=O)OC=C HGAZMNJKRQFZKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCNCCO ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012362 glacial acetic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011491 glass wool Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- JJWLVOIRVHMVIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N isopropylamine Chemical compound CC(C)N JJWLVOIRVHMVIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- YBRBMKDOPFTVDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butylamine Chemical compound CC(C)(C)N YBRBMKDOPFTVDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06D—MEANS FOR GENERATING SMOKE OR MIST; GAS-ATTACK COMPOSITIONS; GENERATION OF GAS FOR BLASTING OR PROPULSION (CHEMICAL PART)
- C06D3/00—Generation of smoke or mist (chemical part)
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
- F41H9/00—Equipment for attack or defence by spreading flame, gas or smoke or leurres; Chemical warfare equipment
- F41H9/06—Apparatus for generating artificial fog or smoke screens
Definitions
- a solid acid reagent and a solid base reagent are separately contained in a breakable ampoule that is enclosed in a perforated envelope, which is in turn contained in a pliable tube. Smoke is generated by breaking the ampoules and passing air through the tube.
- This invention relates to a smoke generating device and more particularly to a device in which a volatile acid and volatile base are reacted to produce a smoke of finely divided salt.
- Compact, portable smoke generators are used for determining the direction and velocity of air currents as, for example, in testing heating and air-conditioning installations. A cloud of smoke is generated, its direction and time of travel over a given distance are observed.
- Conventional generators commonly called ventilation smoke tubes, operate by passing air through a bed of granular absorbent impregnated with stannic chloride that reacts with moisture in the air to produce a dense smoke. The stannic chloride smoke, however, is acrid and irritating.
- a solid acid reagent and a solid base reagent are contained in separate sealed, breakable ampoules, and each of the ampoules is enclosed in a perforated envelope.
- the solid reagents consist of a solid absorbent impregnated with a volatile acid or base.
- the envelopes are contained and spaced lengthise within a pliable tube. Means is provided to force atmosphere through the tube.
- the perforated envelopes prevent intermixing of the solid reagents while the volatile components of the reagents can diffuse through the perforations in the envelope.
- the volatile reagent components that have diffused outside the envelope react to form a dense smoke that is discharged from the tube.
- FIG. 1 is a side view, partly in cross-section, of a smoke tube in accordance with this invention.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a perforated envelope in FIG. 1.
- solid reagent 2 is contained in a sealed glass ampoule 4 which in turn is enclosed in a perforated envelope 6 of polyethylene tubing heat sealed at one end 8 and folded over at the other end 10.
- the envelope has a plurality of perforations 12 made as by cutting slits in the tubing Wall.
- the perforations provide only small dimension openings so that transfer of the volatile acid portion of the reagent is substantially by diffusion; that is, there is no significant convection flow of gases through the envelope.
- a great variety of methods of making suitable perforations are well known, such as, for example, slitting or puncturing with needles or electrical sparks.
- Base reagent 14 is likewise contained in a breakable ampoule 16 enclosed in perforated envelope 20. Both envelopes are contained in a pliable tube 22 with suitable porous retainers such as glass wool plugs 24 and screens 26. Aspirator bulb 28 has conventional check valves to permit purging of the atmosphere through the tube.
- the pliable tube is squeezed to break ampoules 4 and 16, and aspirator bulb is squeezed to force air through tube 22.
- the volatile acid component from acid reagent 2 is carried on the air stream to contact the volatile base component from base reagent 14.
- the volatile components react to form a very finely divided coherent smoke that is discharged through porous retainers 24 and 26. No smoke is generated unless air is being flowed through the tube 22, and even after breaking the ampoules, the tube can be laid aside for one or two days and still be operative.
- the acids and bases are carried on an inert solid absorbent, such as, for example, paper, porous ceramics or glass, and granular inorganic absorbents such as silica gel, alumina gel and pumice.
- an inert solid absorbent such as, for example, paper, porous ceramics or glass, and granular inorganic absorbents such as silica gel, alumina gel and pumice.
- Any liquid volatile acid may be used, for example, aqueous nitric acid, preferred acids being aqueous hydrochloric acid and glacial acetic acid.
- Any liquid volatile base may be used, for example, ammonium hydroxide, alkyl amines such as isopropylamine, tert-butyl amine and cyclohexylamine and ethylene diamine, and alkinolamines, such as monoethanolamine and diethanolamine.
- an acid reagent of 0.5 cc. of anhydrous acetic acid on 1.0 cc. of 8-14 mesh silica gel was sealed in a glass ampoule and enclosed in a perforated envelope of 0.002" polyethylene.
- the base reagent of 0.3 cc. ethylenediamine on 0.7 cc. of 1020 mesh pumice was likewise sealed in a glass ampoule and perforated polyethylene envelope.
- reagent packages are enclosed in a 5-inch length of V8" ID.
- Tygon tubing having a Wire screen and Fiberglas plug adjacent each end.
- the tubing is connected to the aspirator bulb so that air can be pumped over the reagents.
- the proportions of acid and base can be varied, to give a smoke that is acid, basic, or substantially neutral.
- the acid reagent is 0.6 cc. concentrated hydrochloric acid on 1.2 cc. silica gel and the base reagent is 0.6 cc. concentrated ammonium hydroxide on 1.2 cc. pumice. Both tubes produced a dense coherent smoke.
- a smoke generating device for dispersing said smoke upon forcing air therethrough comprising a first breakable ampoule, an acid reagent contained in said ampoule consisting essentially of an inert solid absorbent impregnated with a volatile acid reactant, a first flexible perforated envelope enclosing said first ampoule and adapted to contain the acid reagent when the ampoule is broken, a second breakable ampoule, a base reagent contained in said second ampoule consisting essentially of a solid absorbent impregnated with a volatile base reactant reactive with said acid reactant to form a smoke, a second flexible perforated envelope enclosing said second ampoule and adapted to contain said second reagent when the ampoule is broken, said envelopes being contained and spaced lengthwise within a pliable conduit, whereby the ampoules can be broken by squeezing the conduit.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
- Respiratory Apparatuses And Protective Means (AREA)
Abstract
A SOLID ACID REAGENT AND A SOLID BASE REAGENT ARE SEPARATELY CONTAINED IN A BREAKABLE AMPOULE THAT IS ENCLOSED IN A PERFORATED ENVELOPE, WHICH IS IN TURN CONTAINED IN A PLIABLE TUBE. SMOKE IS GENERATED BY BREAKING THE AMPOULES AND PASSING AIR THROUGH THE TUBE.
Description
P 25, 1972 P. w. MCCONNAUGHEY 3,658,719
SMOKE GENE-RATING TUBE Filed Oct. 9, 1969 j my NJ (l ke 7/ 1/ 1/ R m mm EC c WM W a United States Patent 3,658,719 SMOKE GENERATING TUBE Paul W. McConnaughey, Wilkinsburg, Pa., assignor to Mine Safety Appliances Company, Pittsburgh, Pa. Filed Oct. 9, 1969, Ser. No. 865,039 Int. Cl. B01d; B01f; B01j 13/00 US. Cl. 252-359 A 2 Claims ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE A solid acid reagent and a solid base reagent are separately contained in a breakable ampoule that is enclosed in a perforated envelope, which is in turn contained in a pliable tube. Smoke is generated by breaking the ampoules and passing air through the tube.
This invention relates to a smoke generating device and more particularly to a device in which a volatile acid and volatile base are reacted to produce a smoke of finely divided salt.
Compact, portable smoke generators are used for determining the direction and velocity of air currents as, for example, in testing heating and air-conditioning installations. A cloud of smoke is generated, its direction and time of travel over a given distance are observed. Conventional generators, commonly called ventilation smoke tubes, operate by passing air through a bed of granular absorbent impregnated with stannic chloride that reacts with moisture in the air to produce a dense smoke. The stannic chloride smoke, however, is acrid and irritating.
It is an object of this invention to provide a ventilation smoke tube in which the smoke is generated by reaction of a volatile base and a volatile acid. Another ob ject is to provide such a tube in which the acid and base are segregated to provide a long storage life before use of the tube. Another object is to provide such a tube in which the acid and base are separated during use by a perforated barrier. Other objects will be apparent from the following description and claims.
In accordance with this invention, a solid acid reagent and a solid base reagent are contained in separate sealed, breakable ampoules, and each of the ampoules is enclosed in a perforated envelope. The solid reagents consist of a solid absorbent impregnated with a volatile acid or base. The envelopes are contained and spaced lengthise within a pliable tube. Means is provided to force atmosphere through the tube. When the ampoules are broken, the perforated envelopes prevent intermixing of the solid reagents while the volatile components of the reagents can diffuse through the perforations in the envelope. When air is flowed through the tube, the volatile reagent components that have diffused outside the envelope react to form a dense smoke that is discharged from the tube.
In the accompanying drawings:
FIG. 1 is a side view, partly in cross-section, of a smoke tube in accordance with this invention, and
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a perforated envelope in FIG. 1.
With reference to FIG. 1, solid reagent 2 is contained in a sealed glass ampoule 4 which in turn is enclosed in a perforated envelope 6 of polyethylene tubing heat sealed at one end 8 and folded over at the other end 10. As best seen in FIG. 2, the envelope has a plurality of perforations 12 made as by cutting slits in the tubing Wall. The perforations provide only small dimension openings so that transfer of the volatile acid portion of the reagent is substantially by diffusion; that is, there is no significant convection flow of gases through the envelope. A great variety of methods of making suitable perforations are well known, such as, for example, slitting or puncturing with needles or electrical sparks. Base reagent 14 is likewise contained in a breakable ampoule 16 enclosed in perforated envelope 20. Both envelopes are contained in a pliable tube 22 with suitable porous retainers such as glass wool plugs 24 and screens 26. Aspirator bulb 28 has conventional check valves to permit purging of the atmosphere through the tube.
In operation, the pliable tube is squeezed to break ampoules 4 and 16, and aspirator bulb is squeezed to force air through tube 22. The volatile acid component from acid reagent 2 is carried on the air stream to contact the volatile base component from base reagent 14. The volatile components react to form a very finely divided coherent smoke that is discharged through porous retainers 24 and 26. No smoke is generated unless air is being flowed through the tube 22, and even after breaking the ampoules, the tube can be laid aside for one or two days and still be operative.
The acids and bases are carried on an inert solid absorbent, such as, for example, paper, porous ceramics or glass, and granular inorganic absorbents such as silica gel, alumina gel and pumice. Any liquid volatile acid may be used, for example, aqueous nitric acid, preferred acids being aqueous hydrochloric acid and glacial acetic acid. Any liquid volatile base may be used, for example, ammonium hydroxide, alkyl amines such as isopropylamine, tert-butyl amine and cyclohexylamine and ethylene diamine, and alkinolamines, such as monoethanolamine and diethanolamine.
In one illustrative example of this invention, an acid reagent of 0.5 cc. of anhydrous acetic acid on 1.0 cc. of 8-14 mesh silica gel was sealed in a glass ampoule and enclosed in a perforated envelope of 0.002" polyethylene. The base reagent of 0.3 cc. ethylenediamine on 0.7 cc. of 1020 mesh pumice was likewise sealed in a glass ampoule and perforated polyethylene envelope. The
reagent packages are enclosed in a 5-inch length of V8" ID. Tygon tubing having a Wire screen and Fiberglas plug adjacent each end. The tubing is connected to the aspirator bulb so that air can be pumped over the reagents. The proportions of acid and base can be varied, to give a smoke that is acid, basic, or substantially neutral. In another example, the acid reagent is 0.6 cc. concentrated hydrochloric acid on 1.2 cc. silica gel and the base reagent is 0.6 cc. concentrated ammonium hydroxide on 1.2 cc. pumice. Both tubes produced a dense coherent smoke.
I claim:
1. A smoke generating device for dispersing said smoke upon forcing air therethrough comprising a first breakable ampoule, an acid reagent contained in said ampoule consisting essentially of an inert solid absorbent impregnated with a volatile acid reactant, a first flexible perforated envelope enclosing said first ampoule and adapted to contain the acid reagent when the ampoule is broken, a second breakable ampoule, a base reagent contained in said second ampoule consisting essentially of a solid absorbent impregnated with a volatile base reactant reactive with said acid reactant to form a smoke, a second flexible perforated envelope enclosing said second ampoule and adapted to contain said second reagent when the ampoule is broken, said envelopes being contained and spaced lengthwise within a pliable conduit, whereby the ampoules can be broken by squeezing the conduit.
2. A device according to claim 1 in which the said envelopes are situated between porous plugs within said conduit.
References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 5/1947 Britt 252305 9/1964 Searles 252305 X 5/1965 Zabriskie l6932 8/1965 Ruggiero 169-32 2/1935 Houghton 21108 X 10 NORMAN YUDKOFF, Primary Examiner J. SOFER, Assistant Examiner US. Cl. X.R.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US86503969A | 1969-10-09 | 1969-10-09 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3658719A true US3658719A (en) | 1972-04-25 |
Family
ID=25344582
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US865039A Expired - Lifetime US3658719A (en) | 1969-10-09 | 1969-10-09 | Smoke generating tube |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3658719A (en) |
JP (1) | JPS4936799B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE2047690A1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB1279054A (en) |
Cited By (29)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4271693A (en) * | 1979-12-10 | 1981-06-09 | Bute Donald R | Device for testing smoke detector alarms |
US4547656A (en) * | 1984-04-09 | 1985-10-15 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Portable smoke generator |
DE3735676C1 (en) * | 1987-10-22 | 1988-12-22 | Draegerwerk Ag | Flow tester |
US4941615A (en) * | 1988-10-03 | 1990-07-17 | Bolduc Lee R | Aerosol dispenser |
US4979638A (en) * | 1987-05-14 | 1990-12-25 | Bolduc Lee R | Aerosol dispenser with sealed actuator |
US5012978A (en) * | 1988-10-03 | 1991-05-07 | Bolduc Lee R | Aerosol dispenser and method |
US5018643A (en) * | 1987-05-14 | 1991-05-28 | Bolduc Lee R | Aerosol dispenser with sealed actuator and aerosol dispensing method |
US5052585A (en) * | 1988-10-24 | 1991-10-01 | Bolduc Lee R | Dispenser |
US5064121A (en) * | 1988-10-03 | 1991-11-12 | Bolduc Lee R | Dispenser |
US5186118A (en) * | 1991-07-03 | 1993-02-16 | Stinson Robert K | Windage-gauging method and apparatus for hunters |
US6478191B1 (en) * | 1998-10-22 | 2002-11-12 | Closure Medical Corporation | Applicator with protective barrier |
US6631800B1 (en) | 2000-06-09 | 2003-10-14 | Martin G. Keeven | Dispenser for fibers |
US20050111900A1 (en) * | 2004-11-30 | 2005-05-26 | Francesca Fazzolari | Ampoule and method of use |
US20060042373A1 (en) * | 2004-08-25 | 2006-03-02 | Kirollos Kirollos S | Smoke generating device |
US20060113318A1 (en) * | 2004-11-30 | 2006-06-01 | May Richard J | Dispenser and process |
US20070186618A1 (en) * | 2006-01-13 | 2007-08-16 | Jack Ackerman | Method and apparatus for testing detectors |
US20070253761A1 (en) * | 2006-04-28 | 2007-11-01 | May Richard J | Multi-chambered dispenser and process |
US20090152267A1 (en) * | 2007-12-18 | 2009-06-18 | James Alexander Corporation | Container Assembly |
US20090152295A1 (en) * | 2007-12-18 | 2009-06-18 | James Alexander Corporation | Container Assembly |
US20090152296A1 (en) * | 2007-12-18 | 2009-06-18 | James Alexander Corporation | Container Assembly |
US20090168298A1 (en) * | 2007-12-28 | 2009-07-02 | Tdk Corporation | Through-type multilayer capacitor array |
US20090196675A1 (en) * | 2008-01-29 | 2009-08-06 | James Alexander Corporation | Dispenser and process |
US8424379B2 (en) | 2011-04-04 | 2013-04-23 | Henry R. Bibby | Golf accessory for determining wind strength and direction |
US20150065006A1 (en) * | 2013-09-04 | 2015-03-05 | Buzz Bee Toys (H.K.) Co., Limited | Smoke Emitting Toy |
US20160069924A1 (en) * | 2015-11-16 | 2016-03-10 | Hunt Vape Technologies, LLC | Wind Direction Indicator |
USD812706S1 (en) | 2015-03-25 | 2018-03-13 | Arcus Hunting, Llc | Air movement visualization device |
US10278382B2 (en) | 2015-04-23 | 2019-05-07 | Wyndscent, Llc | Device for creating and distributing vaporized scent |
US11140895B2 (en) | 2017-10-13 | 2021-10-12 | Wyndscent, Llc | Electronic vapor dispenser for hunting |
USD992420S1 (en) | 2020-12-03 | 2023-07-18 | Henry R. Bibby | Powder dispenser for use in golf |
-
1969
- 1969-10-09 US US865039A patent/US3658719A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1970
- 1970-09-24 GB GB45586/70A patent/GB1279054A/en not_active Expired
- 1970-09-28 DE DE19702047690 patent/DE2047690A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1970-10-08 JP JP45087928A patent/JPS4936799B1/ja active Pending
Cited By (53)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4271693A (en) * | 1979-12-10 | 1981-06-09 | Bute Donald R | Device for testing smoke detector alarms |
US4547656A (en) * | 1984-04-09 | 1985-10-15 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Portable smoke generator |
US4979638A (en) * | 1987-05-14 | 1990-12-25 | Bolduc Lee R | Aerosol dispenser with sealed actuator |
US5018643A (en) * | 1987-05-14 | 1991-05-28 | Bolduc Lee R | Aerosol dispenser with sealed actuator and aerosol dispensing method |
DE3735676C1 (en) * | 1987-10-22 | 1988-12-22 | Draegerwerk Ag | Flow tester |
US5023055A (en) * | 1987-10-22 | 1991-06-11 | Dragerwerk Aktiengesellschaft | Flow tester |
US4941615A (en) * | 1988-10-03 | 1990-07-17 | Bolduc Lee R | Aerosol dispenser |
US5012978A (en) * | 1988-10-03 | 1991-05-07 | Bolduc Lee R | Aerosol dispenser and method |
US5064121A (en) * | 1988-10-03 | 1991-11-12 | Bolduc Lee R | Dispenser |
US5052585A (en) * | 1988-10-24 | 1991-10-01 | Bolduc Lee R | Dispenser |
US5186118A (en) * | 1991-07-03 | 1993-02-16 | Stinson Robert K | Windage-gauging method and apparatus for hunters |
US6478191B1 (en) * | 1998-10-22 | 2002-11-12 | Closure Medical Corporation | Applicator with protective barrier |
US6631800B1 (en) | 2000-06-09 | 2003-10-14 | Martin G. Keeven | Dispenser for fibers |
US20060042373A1 (en) * | 2004-08-25 | 2006-03-02 | Kirollos Kirollos S | Smoke generating device |
US20060236759A1 (en) * | 2004-08-25 | 2006-10-26 | Kirollos Kirollos S | Smoke generating device |
US7290445B2 (en) * | 2004-08-25 | 2007-11-06 | Kirollos Kirollos S | Smoke generating device |
US20050111900A1 (en) * | 2004-11-30 | 2005-05-26 | Francesca Fazzolari | Ampoule and method of use |
US20060113318A1 (en) * | 2004-11-30 | 2006-06-01 | May Richard J | Dispenser and process |
US7637679B2 (en) | 2004-11-30 | 2009-12-29 | James Alexander Corporation | Dispenser and process |
US20090255953A1 (en) * | 2004-11-30 | 2009-10-15 | James Alexander Corporation | Dispenser and process |
US20070292195A1 (en) * | 2004-11-30 | 2007-12-20 | James Alexander Corporation | Dispenser and Process |
US7581899B2 (en) | 2004-11-30 | 2009-09-01 | James Alexander Corporation | Dispenser and process |
US7587926B2 (en) * | 2006-01-13 | 2009-09-15 | Hsi Fire & Safety Group, Llc | Method and apparatus for testing detectors |
US20070186618A1 (en) * | 2006-01-13 | 2007-08-16 | Jack Ackerman | Method and apparatus for testing detectors |
US20070253761A1 (en) * | 2006-04-28 | 2007-11-01 | May Richard J | Multi-chambered dispenser and process |
US8585308B2 (en) | 2006-04-28 | 2013-11-19 | James Alexander Corporation | Multi-chambered dispenser and process |
US10464719B2 (en) | 2006-04-28 | 2019-11-05 | James Alexander Corporation | Multi-chambered dispenser and process |
US7976234B2 (en) | 2006-04-28 | 2011-07-12 | James Alexander Corporation | Multi-chambered dispenser and process |
US8100294B2 (en) | 2007-12-18 | 2012-01-24 | James Alexander Corporation | Container assembly |
US20090152267A1 (en) * | 2007-12-18 | 2009-06-18 | James Alexander Corporation | Container Assembly |
US20090152295A1 (en) * | 2007-12-18 | 2009-06-18 | James Alexander Corporation | Container Assembly |
US10017316B2 (en) | 2007-12-18 | 2018-07-10 | James Alexander Corporation | Container assembly |
US8403178B2 (en) | 2007-12-18 | 2013-03-26 | James Alexander Corporation | Container assembly |
US8910830B2 (en) | 2007-12-18 | 2014-12-16 | James Alexander Corporation | Container assembly |
US20090152296A1 (en) * | 2007-12-18 | 2009-06-18 | James Alexander Corporation | Container Assembly |
US20090168298A1 (en) * | 2007-12-28 | 2009-07-02 | Tdk Corporation | Through-type multilayer capacitor array |
US20090196675A1 (en) * | 2008-01-29 | 2009-08-06 | James Alexander Corporation | Dispenser and process |
US10392163B2 (en) | 2008-01-29 | 2019-08-27 | James Alexander Corporation | Dispenser and process |
US11034486B2 (en) | 2008-01-29 | 2021-06-15 | James Alexander Corporation | Dispenser and process |
US8424379B2 (en) | 2011-04-04 | 2013-04-23 | Henry R. Bibby | Golf accessory for determining wind strength and direction |
US20150065006A1 (en) * | 2013-09-04 | 2015-03-05 | Buzz Bee Toys (H.K.) Co., Limited | Smoke Emitting Toy |
US9989552B2 (en) | 2015-03-25 | 2018-06-05 | Arcus Hunting, Llc | Air movement visualization device |
USD812706S1 (en) | 2015-03-25 | 2018-03-13 | Arcus Hunting, Llc | Air movement visualization device |
US10114036B2 (en) | 2015-03-25 | 2018-10-30 | Arcus Hunting, Llc | Portable hunting device for generating scented vapor |
US10545164B2 (en) | 2015-03-25 | 2020-01-28 | Arcus Hunting, Llc | Air movement visualization device |
US10598685B2 (en) | 2015-03-25 | 2020-03-24 | Arcus Hunting, Llc | Portable hunting device for generating scented vapor |
US10278382B2 (en) | 2015-04-23 | 2019-05-07 | Wyndscent, Llc | Device for creating and distributing vaporized scent |
US10267821B2 (en) | 2015-11-16 | 2019-04-23 | Cirrus Outdoors, Llc | Wind direction indicator |
US9841433B2 (en) * | 2015-11-16 | 2017-12-12 | Cirrus Outdoors, Llc | Wind direction indicator |
US10697993B2 (en) | 2015-11-16 | 2020-06-30 | Cirrus Outdoors, Llc | Wind direction indicator |
US20160069924A1 (en) * | 2015-11-16 | 2016-03-10 | Hunt Vape Technologies, LLC | Wind Direction Indicator |
US11140895B2 (en) | 2017-10-13 | 2021-10-12 | Wyndscent, Llc | Electronic vapor dispenser for hunting |
USD992420S1 (en) | 2020-12-03 | 2023-07-18 | Henry R. Bibby | Powder dispenser for use in golf |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE2047690A1 (en) | 1971-04-29 |
GB1279054A (en) | 1972-06-21 |
JPS4936799B1 (en) | 1974-10-03 |
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