US3658438A - Segmented seating plates and anchoring means for a turbine power plant - Google Patents

Segmented seating plates and anchoring means for a turbine power plant Download PDF

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Publication number
US3658438A
US3658438A US94847A US3658438DA US3658438A US 3658438 A US3658438 A US 3658438A US 94847 A US94847 A US 94847A US 3658438D A US3658438D A US 3658438DA US 3658438 A US3658438 A US 3658438A
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United States
Prior art keywords
post
opening
machine
central
foundation
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Expired - Lifetime
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US94847A
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English (en)
Inventor
William H Coleman
Robert C Quinn
Howard L Novak
Jack J Kalbach
Seward L Jones
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CBS Corp
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Westinghouse Electric Corp
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16M—FRAMES, CASINGS OR BEDS OF ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS, NOT SPECIFIC TO ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; STANDS; SUPPORTS
    • F16M5/00—Engine beds, i.e. means for supporting engines or machines on foundations
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
    • F01D25/28—Supporting or mounting arrangements, e.g. for turbine casing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S248/00—Supports
    • Y10S248/901—Support having temperature or pressure responsive feature

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT The invention relates to a segmented seating plate construction for providing a positive anchor for tandem-connected low pressure turbines of a turbine-generator power plant. Rectangularly arranged seating plate segments, which are not interconnected, are provided for each low pressure turbine.
  • each low pressure turbine is positioned on its seating plate which is, in effect. a one piece unit. It is made up on interconnected parts which act as a single plate as the result of welding or doweling joints of adjacent seating plate segments. Keys are inserted into keyways to fix the seating plate to the central low pressure turbine and thereby to help prevent movement in the axial direction (parallel to the turbine rotor axis).
  • axial expansions of the central low pressure turbine are directed toward the adjoining low pressure turbine, intermediate pressure turbine and high pressure turbine in the direction of the governor, as well as toward the adjoining other low pressure turbine, generator and exciter in the opposite or generator direction.
  • low pressure turbines are interconnected by push-pull tie beams
  • axial expansion of the central low pressure turbines is translated thereby to either of the adjoining low pressure turbines, and from there, and through similar tie beams in bearing pedestals, they are translated, in the governor direction, through the intermediate pressure and high pressure turbines.
  • These push-pull tie beams therefore, enable a continual axial thrust between the low pressure turbines so that axial expansions of either of the end low pressure turbines are additive to motions imposed on it by expansion of the central low pressure turbine.
  • there are other push-pull thrust members located between the end low pressure turbine and the intermediate pressure turbine, the intermediate pressure turbine and inboard pedestal, the pedestal and the high pressure turbine, and the high pressure turbine and the governor pedestal. Therefore, axial expansions of the turbine casings act in a cumulative manner.
  • the aforementioned keys and keyways must be capable of absorbing the total net axial thrust from axial thermal expansions or contractions of all the turbine components, including the casings and bearing pedestals.
  • the axial thrust or friction force arises as a result of the local coefficient of friction between the turbine components and their seating plates, the axial motions, and the respective normal forces (total vertical reactions) at each location.
  • the seating plates resist the above-mentioned axial thrust and anchor the turbine to the foundation in the following manner.
  • the seating plates are supported on a layer of grout which, in turn, is supported on the basic turbine-generator foundation material (chiefly reinforced concrete).
  • the plates In order to enable the seating plates to be effectivein resisting movement of the turbine casings, the plates must resist slipping at the seating plate-to-grout interface; At this interface, there also acts an effective coefiicient of static friction and a normal force which give rise to a stability force.
  • the normal force consists of three separate and distinct components (l) the low pressure turbine machinery weight; (2) the condenser weight reaction imposed on its supporting low pressure turbines, or, if an expansion joint is employed between the turbine and the condenser with the condenser bolted down solidly, an unbalanced pressure force acts on the seating plate which, in turn, conveys the force to the foundation; (3) the vertical clamping forces imposed as a result of prestressing the foundation bolts.
  • One end of these bolts is embedded in the foundation members, and the other end protrudes through the seating plate. The exposed ends are screw threaded to nuts which, when tightened, apply a tensile stress to the foundation bolts, resulting in establishment of a clamping force on the seating plate, pressing it to the foundatron.
  • the foundation bolt clamping is the only variable element. It can be varied by the degree of prestress, the diameter of the bolt. and/or the number of foundation bolts.
  • the degree of prestress has been optimized as the result of many years of successful service.
  • the diameter of the bolt has evolved to a single standard size which is related to commercially available concrete strength.
  • the only controllable variable left is the number of foundation bolts.
  • segmented seating plates are provided for each of three adjoining tandem-connected low pressure turbines, there being no in te rconnection between the segments of the seating plates of any turbine.
  • Keyways are provided in central seating plate segments of the central low pressure turbine, which segments are each positively anchored to the foundation by a novel vertical post embedded in the concrete and which, by an eccentric connection, is fitted to he segment so as to prevent any possible movement of the anchored segments.
  • This arrangement eliminates the practice of tying the adjacent seating plates together and reduces the installation time and costs of installing a large number of foundation bolts. Furthermore, there is greater flexibility in aligning the low pressure turbine casings than is presently available.
  • FIG. 4 is a further enlarged, cross-sectional view taken along lines IVIV of FIG. 3;
  • FIG. is a cross-sectional view taken along lines VV of FIG. 3 and on the same scale as FIG. 4;
  • FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along lines VIVI of FIG. 5.
  • the letter T generally denotes a portion of a compound steam turbine-generator power plant including three low pressure turbine units connected in tandem with each other and anchored in accordance with the present invention. On one end of the low pressure turbines connected in tandem, is a generator and exciter and an intermediate pressure turbine and high pressure turbine are connected on the other as well known in the art.
  • FIG. 1 shows a low pressure turbine unit having an outer casing 1, a second or central low pressure turbine unit having an outer casing 2, and a third low pressure turbine unit having an outer casing 3, with their rotors (not shown) connected in tandem along a central longitudinal axis of rotation AA' (See FIGS. 1 and 2).
  • Low pressure turbine casings 1, 2 and 3 are supported on segment seating plate groupings 4, 5 and 6, respectively, shown more clearly in FIG. 2.
  • Segmented seating plate grouping 5 comprises 12 segments 7 to 18, inclusive, made of steel in the form of rectangular blocks.
  • the seating plate segments are preferably mutually spaced on the order of 4 inches apart.
  • Keyways l9 and are machined in two corresponding portions in plates 8 and 14, respectively, and the foot portions 2a of the turbine 2 (FIGS. 2, 5 and 6).
  • the keyways extend in a horizontal plane which is normal to the longitudinal axis A A.
  • the keyways 19 and 20 are defined by the foot portion 2a of the turbine 2 and the central opposed seating segments 8 and 14.
  • a key 19a is inserted horizontally into the corresponding keyway l9 and a corresponding key (not shown) is inserted into keyway 20.
  • Keyways 19 and 20 and their respective keys receive the total net axial thrust force from axial thermal expansions or contractions of the turbo-generator unit. Normally the segments 8 and 14 of the segmented seating plate grouping 5 are too short to securely anchor the turbine in the manner accomplished by the external keyways in prior devices.
  • FIG. 4 Assured anchorage of seating plates 8 and 14 is provided by vertically extending anchors or posts 21 and 22 of steel (see FIG. 3) embedded in the concrete foundation 23 as shown more clearly in FIG. 4. This assured anchorage is important because the point of fixity of the turbo-generator unit is at seating plates 8 and 14.
  • Such posts 21 and 22 positively anchor the low pressure turbine cylinder 2 against moving in a longitudinal or axial direction (parallel to its rotor axis A- A).
  • the posts or anchors 21 and 22 are embedded in the concrete and during erection of the turbine casings l, 2 and 3, the protruding ends 21a and 22a of the embedded posts are machined to a diameter denoted as M in FIG. 4. There is an opening of diameter N premachined in seating plate 8 (and 14).
  • An eccentric anchor bushing 24 preliminarily formed as a circular plate or disc machined to a diameter N (less a small clearance for fitting) and of a thickness approximately equal to the thickness of seating plate 8, is provided. After final turbine alignment, the eccentricity of the center of diameter M on the exposed end 210 of the embedded axial post 21 is measured in relation to the center of the bore or diameter N in the seating plate. The prefitted disc or eccentric anchor bushing 24 is then bored to an inner diameter M (plus a small clearance for fitting) at the required eccentricity.
  • the eccentric anchor bushings 24 are then installed by introducing them through the access hole 0 in the low pressure turbine foot 20.
  • the plate segment 8 is provided with a welded-on retaining ring or washer 25 on its bottom surface which acts to maintain the proper vertical position of the eccentric anchor bushing 24 in relation to the seating plate thickness.
  • a circumferential series of anchor discs 26 are attached to the underside of the seating plate segments. Such anchor discs 26 are solidly embedded in the layer of grout G under the seating plates and on the surface of concrete foundation 23 so as to interlock the plate segments and provide the desired resistance to motion in the horizontal plane.
  • Two keyways 27 and 28 are provided in the oppositely disposed segments 17 and 11, respectively, which keyways are located in parallel alignment with the longitudinal axis AA' of the turbine-generator.
  • keyways 29 and 30 are provided in the segmented seating plate grouping 4 for casing 1
  • keyways 31 and 32 are provided in the segmented seating plate grouping 6 for cylinder 3, all in parallel alignment with the longitudinal turbine rotor axis AA'.
  • a plane B-A transverse to the longitudinal axis AA of the central low pressure turbine contains the transverse or vertical center line 34 of the turbine, while transverse planes C C and D-D contain vertical joint lines 35 and 36, respectively.
  • Separately constructed sections 42, 43 and 44 are bolted together, along the vertical joint lines 35 and 36. Each section has a base portion and a cover portion. Section 43 is the central casing portion having a central inlet in the cover portion and sections 42 and 44 are the end casing portions. Through the base portions of sections 42,43 and 44, the steam is exhausted downwardly to condensing equipment (not shown), as well known in the art.
  • the centers of the gaps between the axially directed seating plate segments 7, 8, 9, 13, 14 and 15 are located approximately coincident with the above mentioned vertical planes CC and D-D. Variations in the elevational setting of the low pressure turbine foot adjacent casing base sections are readily tolerated. This allows for much less precision machining of the casing sections 42, 43 and 44 since each seating plate segment can be adjusted vertically to support the corresponding casing section. As an example, up to 0.25 inches of vertical tolerance on turbine casing sections is allowable as compared to 0.001 inches previously allowable.
  • each of the seating plate segments 7 to 18, inclusive is independently set to an elevation compatible with the turbinecasing dimensions and the overall bearing alignment scheme.
  • This allows various adjustable leveling devices, well known in the art, to position each seating plate segment to support the turbine casings with an optimum distribution of normal forces on the seating plates.
  • concentrated forces at the turbine casing foot 2a and at the vertical joints 35 and 36 would result from any mismatch in elevation, and required expensive and time consuming hard finishing operations to preclude gouging of the seating plate and subsequent misalignment problems.
  • Foundation anchor bolts such as 37, are disposed all along the longitudinal centerlines extending through all the segments of each of the seating plate groupings 4, 5 and 6.
  • push-pull tie beams 38 and 39 are secured to the foot area of the adjacent end casing base portions of the units 2 and 3 and similar beams 40 and 41 are secured to the foot area of the adjacent end casing bases of units 1 and 2.
  • Variations may be made in the shape of the ends 21a and 22a of the anchor post 21 and 22, respectively, that is, they may be made rectangular or polygonal with corresponding shaped anchor bushings 24, instead of round as described.
  • segmented seating plate construction described for this tandem arrangement of three low pressure turbines may be applied to any other tandem or cross compound arrangement of low pressure turbines to realize similar benefits and advantages to those herein enumerated.
  • An additional advantage of the present structure is that it considerably reduces the required number of foundation anchor bolts resulting in savings on associated design details. Additionally, a major load reduction occurs because, whereas in the existing or well known design described above under Background of the Invention, the transverse anchor design load results as a function of a differential friction force at the seating plate-togrout interface in the present invention the transverse anchor design load results as a function of a differential friction force at the turbine base-to-seating plate interface. The latter has an inherently lower coeffic'ient of friction as well as the complete absence of foundation anchor bolt clamping forces in the normal or vertical direction. This tends to reduce transverse anchor loads by about one one-third.
  • a segmented seating plate structure with eccentric anchoring means is provided, which seating plate structure is unconnected, more reliable, less expensive, and which structure greatly reduces the number of foundation anchor bolts because it is no longer necessary to use them to augment the friction stability forces previously described, and provides more aligning flexibility than is presently available, Because of the increase in associated tolerances, the seating plates and turbine casings do not have to be prefitted before erection at the plant site and the eccentric anchors permit erection in less time than heretofore.
  • said machine having a longitudinal centerline, a plane transverse to said longitudinal centerline and containing a transverse centerline of said machine, and a base portion supported on a foundation,
  • said seating plates comprising a plurality of separate unconnected segments, said segments including two opposed central segments having their transverse centerlines extending along said transverse plane of said machine,
  • anchoring means for anchoring each of said central segments to said foundation
  • anchoring means comprise at least one post embedded in the foundation
  • each central segment defining at least one opening therein corresponding to said post
  • said post having a smaller cross-sectional dimension than said opening and thereby defining a gap.
  • bridging means comprises a bushing member which is fitted to the post, bridging the gap in the opening.
  • anchoring means comprise at least one post embedded in the foundation
  • each central segment defining at least one opening therein corresponding to said post
  • said post having a smaller cross-sectional dimension than said opening and thereby defining a gap
  • said bridging means comprising a bushing member which is fitted onto the post bridging the gap in the opening,
  • said post being eccentrically disposed in said opening and said bushing member having a corresponding aperture which is eccentric with respect to its outer dimension.
  • anchoring means comprise at least one post embedded in the foundation, each central segment defining at least one opening therein corresponding to said post,
  • said post having a smaller cross-sectional dimension than said opening and jointly defining a gap therewith
  • said bridging means comprising a bushing member which is fitted to the post, bridging said gap in said opening,
  • said post being eccentrically disposed in said opening and said bushing member having a corresponding aperture which is eccentric with respect to its outer dimension
  • said post, said opening and said bushing member being circular in cross section.
  • each bushing member and the foundation are in spaced relation, and wherein a retaining washer is secured to the bottom of each central segment to assist in supporting the bushing member.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Hydraulic Turbines (AREA)
US94847A 1970-12-03 1970-12-03 Segmented seating plates and anchoring means for a turbine power plant Expired - Lifetime US3658438A (en)

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3740168A (en) * 1970-11-18 1973-06-19 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Tubular encased turbo-machine with axially spaced sealing rings for compartmentizing the compressor and turbine components
US4331314A (en) * 1980-05-22 1982-05-25 Allis-Chalmers Corporation Hydraulic pump/turbine discharge ring support anchorage
US4961310A (en) * 1989-07-03 1990-10-09 General Electric Company Single shaft combined cycle turbine
US5051061A (en) * 1988-12-23 1991-09-24 Asea Brown Boveri Ltd. Multi-cylinder steam turbine set
US20190078724A1 (en) * 2017-09-11 2019-03-14 Weir Canada, Inc. Mobile pump house

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS52126589U (ko) * 1976-03-23 1977-09-26

Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US684201A (en) * 1901-07-08 1901-10-08 John Dick Subbase structure for engines or generators.
US1691037A (en) * 1923-09-18 1928-11-13 B F Sturtevant Co Foundation method
US2296184A (en) * 1939-08-07 1942-09-15 Riise John Power plant foundation
US2356721A (en) * 1941-07-05 1944-08-22 Allis Chalmers Mfg Co Turbine support
US2463880A (en) * 1946-02-26 1949-03-08 Bethlehem Steel Corp Supporting means for storage tanks
US2916233A (en) * 1955-02-14 1959-12-08 Dresser Ind Pump base
US2971295A (en) * 1955-03-21 1961-02-14 Phillips Petroleum Co Prestressed concrete units and structures
US3190041A (en) * 1962-06-28 1965-06-22 Gen Electric Support for large machinery
US3334850A (en) * 1965-09-24 1967-08-08 Oil And Gas Supply Company Concrete machinery base and method of making same
US3477668A (en) * 1968-03-04 1969-11-11 Tippmann Eng Inc Supporting base for industrial refrigeration apparatus
US3533710A (en) * 1968-05-08 1970-10-13 Westinghouse Electric Corp Turbine valve assembly erection

Patent Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US684201A (en) * 1901-07-08 1901-10-08 John Dick Subbase structure for engines or generators.
US1691037A (en) * 1923-09-18 1928-11-13 B F Sturtevant Co Foundation method
US2296184A (en) * 1939-08-07 1942-09-15 Riise John Power plant foundation
US2356721A (en) * 1941-07-05 1944-08-22 Allis Chalmers Mfg Co Turbine support
US2463880A (en) * 1946-02-26 1949-03-08 Bethlehem Steel Corp Supporting means for storage tanks
US2916233A (en) * 1955-02-14 1959-12-08 Dresser Ind Pump base
US2971295A (en) * 1955-03-21 1961-02-14 Phillips Petroleum Co Prestressed concrete units and structures
US3190041A (en) * 1962-06-28 1965-06-22 Gen Electric Support for large machinery
US3334850A (en) * 1965-09-24 1967-08-08 Oil And Gas Supply Company Concrete machinery base and method of making same
US3477668A (en) * 1968-03-04 1969-11-11 Tippmann Eng Inc Supporting base for industrial refrigeration apparatus
US3533710A (en) * 1968-05-08 1970-10-13 Westinghouse Electric Corp Turbine valve assembly erection

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3740168A (en) * 1970-11-18 1973-06-19 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Tubular encased turbo-machine with axially spaced sealing rings for compartmentizing the compressor and turbine components
US4331314A (en) * 1980-05-22 1982-05-25 Allis-Chalmers Corporation Hydraulic pump/turbine discharge ring support anchorage
US5051061A (en) * 1988-12-23 1991-09-24 Asea Brown Boveri Ltd. Multi-cylinder steam turbine set
US4961310A (en) * 1989-07-03 1990-10-09 General Electric Company Single shaft combined cycle turbine
US20190078724A1 (en) * 2017-09-11 2019-03-14 Weir Canada, Inc. Mobile pump house
US10851934B2 (en) * 2017-09-11 2020-12-01 Weir Canada, Inc. Mobile pump house

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Publication number Publication date
JPS50688B1 (ko) 1975-01-10
IT941950B (it) 1973-03-10

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