US3658260A - On-stream ore liberation detection system - Google Patents

On-stream ore liberation detection system Download PDF

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Publication number
US3658260A
US3658260A US878082A US87808269A US3658260A US 3658260 A US3658260 A US 3658260A US 878082 A US878082 A US 878082A US 87808269 A US87808269 A US 87808269A US 3658260 A US3658260 A US 3658260A
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Prior art keywords
ore
dust
analysis
concentrate
ores
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Expired - Lifetime
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US878082A
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English (en)
Inventor
Charles J Williams
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Erie Development Co
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Erie Development Co
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Publication date
Application filed by Erie Development Co filed Critical Erie Development Co
Priority to US878082A priority Critical patent/US3658260A/en
Priority to ZA707105A priority patent/ZA707105B/xx
Priority to ZM122/70A priority patent/ZM12270A1/xx
Priority to SE15372/70A priority patent/SE354579B/xx
Priority to CA098226A priority patent/CA936510A/en
Priority to NO704371A priority patent/NO132945C/no
Priority to OA54091A priority patent/OA03524A/xx
Priority to TR16612A priority patent/TR16612A/xx
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3658260A publication Critical patent/US3658260A/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C25/00—Control arrangements specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A method for determining the extent to which ores should be if g 231/33 crushed and ground for optimum beneficiation in which dust i 4 g is separated from the crushed ore and is then continuously e 0 ea c sampled, and concentrated as to the desired mineral com- [56] References Cied ponent and the concentrate continuously analyzed to determine'the content of one of the mineral components thereof. UNITED STATES PATENTS The analysis is then used to determine the extent of grinding to control the composition of the final concentrate. Also the g gahlstmm analysis may be used to proportion ore obtained from various Oren [3 x sources to assist in controlling the composition of the final concentrate.
  • the final iron bearing material is agglomerated and pelletized for easy handling and for shipping to furnace plants for smelting the ore to produce pig iron.
  • finer grinding would be required and this in turn increases cost so that it is economically unfeasible.
  • the ores at different locations are found to vary somewhat in iron content so that it is desirable to know the source of the iron ore in order to determine the necessary degree of grinding whereby the final pelletized product will have the desired iron concentratron.
  • the present invention is designed to provide a sampling and analysis process by which a far more representative sample is obtained, i.e. of the order of 100,000 times more representative than the sample obtained by diamond drill core sampling described above. Accordingly, the present method involves cutting samples from all of the stream part of the time whereas the diamond drill core method involves cutting samples from a small part of the stream part of the time.
  • a sample of about 15 to 25 pounds is obtained from about 700 to 800 long tons of ore and thus is a very much better sampling of the order of about 1 part in 80,000, and also the time for sampling and analysis is sufiiciently short so that the results can be used not only for controlling the ultimate fineness of grind of the ore sampled but also can be used effectively to provide a control, even though somewhat less precise, for proportioning the original ores taken from different mining faces so that the overall mixture when subjected to a relatively uniform fine grinding will result in a concentrate having the desired iron content. It will be understood therefore that the method of the present invention enables one to control the quality of product with much greater ease and certainty than has been possible heretofor.
  • the ore In the usual process for beneficiating ores, the ore, after being removed from the mining face is crushed in several stages during which time the ore is reduced to particles ranging from a few microns to about an inch particles. At each stage of the crushing a great deal of dust is produced and is removed from the ore stream by dust collectors, suction means or the like.
  • the crushed ore is subsequently passed to an ore bin and then via a conventional mill line through a rod mill, magnetic separators, ball mill and other separators whereby the ore particles are reduced in size to the extent necessary for removal of most of the undesired silica and other gangue materials. Ore that is not sufficiently ground by the last ball mill may be recycled to the ball mill for regrinding.
  • dust is removed.
  • this dust may be concentrated and the resulting concentrate analyzed for silica content and the analysis used to determine the extent of grinding necessary in the ball mill in the last stages of grinding of the ore. Also this analysis may be used for determining the quantities of ore derived from different mining faces to form the total ore mix to be crushed and delivered to the ore bins prior to being fed into a mill line. In practical operations, such factors are of great advantage, since the desired fineness of grind is established before the ore or ores are subjected to the grinding operations.
  • the present invention is therefore a practical application of the discovery of this high degree of correlation, together with the continuous supply of dust for sampling as well as the much more representative nature of the samples compared to diamond drill tube tests.
  • FIG. 1 shows a flow sheet of the overall beneficiating process and the location of the silica analyzer of crusher dust therein and FIG. 2 shows diagrammatically the steps followed for sampling the dust and the controls derived therefrom.
  • ore from different mining faces 1, 2 and 3 or more is delivered to a series of crushers, of which two are illustrated at 4 and 5. Dust from one or both of the crushers is slurried with water and then passed to a concentrator 6 and the iron rich concentrate is continuously analyzed for silica as at 7. In the meantime the crushed ore is moved to an ore bin 8 from whence it is passed via a conventional mill line to grinders 9 and 10 and eventually to an agglomerating and pelletizing plant 11. As indicated by dotted lines the results of the silica analysis at 7 may be used to control the one or more grinding operations at 9 and/or 10 and/or may be used to control the relative quantities of ore supplied from one or the other of mining faces 1,2 and 3.
  • the dust from one of the crushers is introduced into a rotoclone 12 and is fed to a sample cutter 13 after having been slurried with water introduced at 14.
  • the series of samples cut out from the slurried dust are continuously fed over a screen 15, such as a sieve bend, to remove the small amount of larger tramp particles.
  • the slurried samples are then fed to a magnetic separator 16, which may be a 3 drum laboratory type of magnetic separator to form a concentrate.
  • the waste material or gangue, i.e. non magnetic material is removed at 17.
  • a silica analyser 18 which may be of any type, giving practically instantaneous results, eg an on-stream silica analyser of the x-ray type. It has been found however that an on-stream analyser based on the neutron activation principle is particularly suitable for this analysis. Analysers of this latter type are described in the technical paper entitled Nuclear Techniques in On-Stream Analysis of Ores and Coal" (ORO2980-l8) dated Sept. 26, 1968, by J.R..Rhodes, et al., Texas Nuclear Corporation, Austin,Texas, published by the U.S.Atomic Energy Commission, U.S.Dept.
  • the term onstream as applied to the analysis of the concentrated dust samples is intended to mean an analysis the results of which are available for use substantially immediately after the representative samples are taken from the concentrated dust in a continuous or rapidly repetitive manner.
  • the results of the analysis determine the amount of silica in the samples and these data can be directly correlated with the original ore from which the sample was taken and therefore with the final iron content of the concentrate which is to be agglomerated and pelletized. For example, when a sample shows a high silica content it indicates the need for giving the ore from which the sample was taken a finer grind than samples showing a lower silica content. Furthermore, when the sample analysis shows such a high silica content that an excessive amount of grinding would normally be required, it then becomes desirable and even necessary to select another source of the ore from those mining faces where the iron content and physical characteristics of the composite ore are sufficiently favorable to eliminate the necessity for finer grinding.
  • Table I gives a representative analysis of a concentrate so produced from a dust sample and a representative analysis of a mill line concentrate. It is readily apparent that the iron contents as well as the percent weights are quite comparable for the concentrate from the dust sample and the mill concentrate. Some variance in iron content can be noted in the plus 200M fraction; however, this is to be expected because of the wide variance in size possible in that coarse fraction.
  • Treatment of other than magnetic taconite ores has similar principles in that the ores must be crushed, ground and concentrated by some process such as various gravity processes and the well known flotation process used to produce the bulk of the worlds supply of lead, zinc, copper and others. Most metallic and non-metallic minerals, contained in ores are treated by similar principles of the art of ore dressing.
  • a second problem common to treatment of all ores is that of blending.
  • Most concentration processes are generally based on treating ores of uniform or average values, both as to the valuable and non-valuable mineral constituents.
  • Unifonnity is generally considered both from physical and chemical viewpoints.
  • nature did not produce ore depositions of unifonn stylized types.
  • considerable efforts are devoted and much monies expended to produce ores from various mining faces at any single mining venture that tend to provide the mill or concentrator at that mining property with a blended ore having more or less uniform character.
  • the subject of this invention is generally directed to the treatment of any and all ores requiring ore dressing treatment for production of concentrates.
  • the invention could readily be used at a copper porphyry mining operation by merely substituting a flotation machine in place of the magnetic separator and analyzing the flotation concentrate thus produced for its copper content.
  • gravity concentration units such as shaking tables or jigs could be used as the concentrating device and the resultant concentrate analyzed for either its iron or siliceous content.
  • the subject of this invention is further directed to the treatment of ores and like materials by means of dry processing, such as for example, treatment of ores by means of dry electrostatic concentration methods which processes are commonly applied in the treatment of specular hematitic ores, ilmenite and rutile ores, et cetera. All dry concentration processes are included in the broader aspects of the present invention.
  • the invention is used in a like manner to that employed where wet concentration methods are used.
  • the dust is collected, sampled and fed to a dry concentration unit and the dry concentrate is subjected to analysis in a dry fonn.
  • the dry form may consist of the concentrated solids suspended in an air stream, or they may be briquetted or prepared in a suitable disc form, or in any other manner in common use.
  • the method of controlling the degree of fineness of grinding to produce the desired concentrate comprising continuously separating dust from the crushed ore, concentrating said separated dust for the content of wanted mineral, continuously analyzing said concentrated dust for one of the mineral components thereof and controlling the degree of grinding in accordance with the analysis for the mineral component whereby the final ground product has the desired concentration of wanted mineral.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
  • Separation Of Solids By Using Liquids Or Pneumatic Power (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Steroid Compounds (AREA)
  • Compounds Of Unknown Constitution (AREA)
  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
US878082A 1969-11-19 1969-11-19 On-stream ore liberation detection system Expired - Lifetime US3658260A (en)

Priority Applications (8)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US878082A US3658260A (en) 1969-11-19 1969-11-19 On-stream ore liberation detection system
ZA707105A ZA707105B (en) 1969-11-19 1970-10-19 On-stream ore liberation detection system
ZM122/70A ZM12270A1 (en) 1969-11-19 1970-11-04 On-stream ore liberation detection system
SE15372/70A SE354579B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1969-11-19 1970-11-13
CA098226A CA936510A (en) 1969-11-19 1970-11-16 On-stream ore liberation detection system
NO704371A NO132945C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1969-11-19 1970-11-16
OA54091A OA03524A (fr) 1969-11-19 1970-11-18 Procédé d'enrichissement de minerais.
TR16612A TR16612A (tr) 1969-11-19 1970-11-18 Suerekli kilis ayrilmasi teshis sistemi

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US878082A US3658260A (en) 1969-11-19 1969-11-19 On-stream ore liberation detection system

Publications (1)

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US3658260A true US3658260A (en) 1972-04-25

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US878082A Expired - Lifetime US3658260A (en) 1969-11-19 1969-11-19 On-stream ore liberation detection system

Country Status (8)

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US (1) US3658260A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CA (1) CA936510A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NO (1) NO132945C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
OA (1) OA03524A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
SE (1) SE354579B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
TR (1) TR16612A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
ZA (1) ZA707105B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
ZM (1) ZM12270A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20090240481A1 (en) * 2008-03-04 2009-09-24 Hugh Durrant-Whyte Method and system for exploiting information from heterogeneous sources
US20090256412A1 (en) * 2008-03-04 2009-10-15 Nieto Juan Scanning system for 3d mineralogy modelling
US20130099030A1 (en) * 2011-06-07 2013-04-25 Daye Nonferrous Design And Research Institute Co., Ltd. Method for extracting copper from cinders

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3094289A (en) * 1959-10-29 1963-06-18 Bolidens Gruv Ab Rock grinding system
US3181800A (en) * 1957-07-26 1965-05-04 Bolidens Gruv Ab Method of comminuting materials by autogenous grinding in a continuous grinding mill

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3181800A (en) * 1957-07-26 1965-05-04 Bolidens Gruv Ab Method of comminuting materials by autogenous grinding in a continuous grinding mill
US3094289A (en) * 1959-10-29 1963-06-18 Bolidens Gruv Ab Rock grinding system

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
Riede, J. R. & Kachel G. C. Instrumentation and Automatic Control Systems in Modern Processing Plants Canadian Mining Journal, pages 67 72, Mar. 1961. *

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20090240481A1 (en) * 2008-03-04 2009-09-24 Hugh Durrant-Whyte Method and system for exploiting information from heterogeneous sources
US20090256412A1 (en) * 2008-03-04 2009-10-15 Nieto Juan Scanning system for 3d mineralogy modelling
US8315838B2 (en) 2008-03-04 2012-11-20 The University Of Sydney Method and system for exploiting information from heterogeneous sources
CN101557452B (zh) * 2008-03-04 2013-06-05 悉尼大学 用于三维矿物学建模的扫描系统
AU2009200859B2 (en) * 2008-03-04 2014-08-07 Technological Resources Pty. Limited Scanning system for 3D mineralogy modelling
US8857915B2 (en) * 2008-03-04 2014-10-14 The University Of Sydney Scanning system for 3D mineralogy modelling
US20130099030A1 (en) * 2011-06-07 2013-04-25 Daye Nonferrous Design And Research Institute Co., Ltd. Method for extracting copper from cinders
US8727247B2 (en) * 2011-06-07 2014-05-20 Daye Nonferrous Metals Co., Ltd. Method for extracting copper from cinders

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA936510A (en) 1973-11-06
OA03524A (fr) 1971-03-30
NO132945C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1976-02-11
ZM12270A1 (en) 1972-06-21
TR16612A (tr) 1973-01-01
NO132945B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1975-11-03
SE354579B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-03-19
ZA707105B (en) 1971-08-25

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