US3657123A - Lubricant compositions - Google Patents
Lubricant compositions Download PDFInfo
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- US3657123A US3657123A US21993A US3657123DA US3657123A US 3657123 A US3657123 A US 3657123A US 21993 A US21993 A US 21993A US 3657123D A US3657123D A US 3657123DA US 3657123 A US3657123 A US 3657123A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M173/00—Lubricating compositions containing more than 10% water
- C10M173/02—Lubricating compositions containing more than 10% water not containing mineral or fatty oils
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/02—Water
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/08—Inorganic acids or salts thereof
- C10M2201/082—Inorganic acids or salts thereof containing nitrogen
- C10M2201/083—Inorganic acids or salts thereof containing nitrogen nitrites
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/087—Boron oxides, acids or salts
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
- C10M2207/021—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
- C10M2207/021—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2207/022—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing at least two hydroxy groups
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
- C10M2209/104—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of alkylene oxides containing two carbon atoms only
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
- C10M2215/04—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2215/26—Amines
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2217/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2217/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2217/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained from nitrogen containing monomers by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2217/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2217/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained from nitrogen containing monomers by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2217/022—Macromolecular compounds obtained from nitrogen containing monomers by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to an amino group
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2217/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2217/04—Macromolecular compounds from nitrogen-containing monomers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
- C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
- C10M2223/043—Ammonium or amine salts thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2225/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2225/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2225/02—Macromolecular compounds from phosphorus-containg monomers, obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/20—Metal working
- C10N2040/22—Metal working with essential removal of material, e.g. cutting, grinding or drilling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
- C10N2050/01—Emulsions, colloids, or micelles
Definitions
- copolymers are esterified with both a fatty alcohol having from 10 to 22 carbon atoms and a lower alkoxy polyethylene glycol.
- Metal-working lubricant compositions are also formulated which comprise these salts along with extreme pressure agents such as amine salts of fatty acids and organic phosphate esters.
- Other additives may also be employed in the lubricating compositions of this invention.
- This invention is concerned with novel watenbased coolants and lubricants for use in metal-working operations. More specifically, this invention is directed to aqueous solutions of water-soluble alkali metal, ammonium or amine salts of styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer esters, the copolymers having been esterified with both a fatty alcohol having from 10 to 22 carbon atoms and a lower alkoxy polyethylene glycol, which can be employed in aqueous solution as aqueous, metal working lubricants and preferably as metal cutting and abrading lubricants.
- This invention is also concerned with aqueous lubricating compositions comprising these water-soluble salts of styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer esters, water, and extreme pressure (E?) agents.
- Lubricants suitable for use in metal fabrication such as in cutting, abrading, threading, tapping and the like must effectively cool and lubricate both the tool and the worked metal.
- an enormous amount of heat is generated at the interface of the tool and work piece which must be quickly dissipated in order to prevent damage either the tool or work piece or both.
- This is accomplished by flooding the interface with a fluid having a high capacity for heat absorption as well as eflective lubricating properties for reducing friction between the tool and work piece.
- the lubricants especially formulated for these purposes are known in the art as cutting fluids or cutting oils.
- Many cutting oils, especially the earliest fonns thereof consist essentially of an emulsion of a mineral lubricating oil in water.
- aqueous coo lant for metal-working which is improved with respect to bacterially promoted or chemically caused odor, germ-forming tendency, irritation of the skin, clarity and ash content. It is a further object of this invention to provide novel emulsifying agents for use in aqueous metal-working lubricating compositions containing synthetic lubricants.
- a metal-working coolant which comprises a minor, effective amount of an extreme pressure lubricating agent and an amine salt of a copolymer resin, which resin can have a styrene to maleic anhydride whole ratio of about lzl to 5:1.
- the resin can also be an ester of these polymers, being up to 100 percent half-esters, esterifred with a member selected from the group consisting of alcohols and capped glycols having the structure where R and R are aliphatic hydrocarbon radicals of about two to six carbon atoms, the total number of carbon atoms in R and a single R is less than about seven and x is from to about 10.
- R and R are aliphatic hydrocarbon radicals of about two to six carbon atoms, the total number of carbon atoms in R and a single R is less than about seven and x is from to about 10.
- the copolymer ester can be made by the esterification of a styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer with both a fatty alcohol containing about 10 to 22 carbon atoms, preferably about [6 to l8 carbon atoms, and a lower alkoxy, e.g., of one to four carbon atoms, polyethylene glycol of an average molecular weight of about 200 to 750, preferably about 500 to 700.
- the fatty alcohol can be saturated, such as octadecanol, or olefini cally unsaturated, such as oleyl alcohol. isomers of these alcohols, such as isostearyl alcohol are also suitable.
- the lower alkoxy polyethylene glycol is preferably a methoxy polyethylene glycol.
- the fatty alcohol and glycol are reacted in proportions such as to provide a fatty alcohol to glycol mole ratio of about 0.3/1 to l.l/l preferably about 0.75/1 to III.
- the mole ratio of fatty alcohol to anhydride equivalents in the copolymer esters is from about 0.25 to 0.5, preferably 0.4 to 0.5.
- the mole ratio of glycol to anhydride equivalents is from about 0.5 to 1.0, preferably 0.5 to 0.75.
- the polymer has ester groups from both the lower alkoxy polyethylene glycol and the fatty alcohol on the same polymer molecules. The ester is thus distinct from a mixture of the corresponding polymers each being esterified with only one of the aforesaid glycol and fatty alcohol.
- the polymer can be esterified with a mixture of the alcohol and lower alkoxy polyethylene glycol or it can be esterified sequentially with either the alcohol or glycol followed by esterifrcation with the other. In either case, it is important that the polymer contains both the alcohol and glycol groups and not a mixture of ester polymers which are separately and singly esterified with the alcohol or glycol.
- styrene-maleic anhydride polymer components of the composition of the present invention can be made by known methods; for example, it can be made in accordance with the teachings of US. Pat. No. 3,342,787, issued Sept. l9, i967.
- styrene and maleic anhydride can be first polymerized, for instance, by solution polymerization where the monomers are polymerized in a suitable solvent employing as a polymerization catalyst a free-radical catalyst, such as a peroxide, preferably benzoyl peroxide, dicumyl peroxide or an alkyl peroxy dicarbonate, at a temperature of about 75 to 300 C. or more.
- Suitable solvents are aromatics such as cumene, p-cymene, xylene, toluene, etc.
- Other suitable solvents are the ketones, such as methylethyl ketone.
- a preferred manner of carrying out the polymerization is by what is known as incremental feed addition. By this method the monomers and catalyst are first dissolved in a portion of the solvent in which the polymerization is to be conducted and the resulting solution fed in increments into a reactor containing solvent heated to reaction temperature, usually the reflux temperature of the mixture.
- the polymer contains a molar ratio of styrene to maleic anhydride of from about H to about 5:1 and has an average molecular weight, prior to esterification of about 600 to 5,000, preferably about 800 to about 2,500.
- the esterification product of the present invention can be formed by esterifying the styrene-maleic anhydride polymer with a lower alkoxy polyethylene glycol, preferably methoxy polyethylene glycol, of an average molecular weight of about 200 to 750, preferably about 500 to 700, in the presence of a fatty alcohol containing to 22 carbon atoms, preferably about 16 to 18 carbon atoms.
- the esterification can be carried out at any convenient temperatures, e.g., about 100 to 220 C., preferably about 140 to [90 C.
- the esterification can be carried out in the presence of a catalytic amount of, for instance, a fatty acid metal salt, preferably an alkali metal salt.
- the alcohol and glycol can be present, as noted above, in a mole ratio of about from 0.3:1 to l.l:l, preferably about 0.75:1 to lzl.
- a preferred product is prepared by the reaction of approximately one anhydride equivalent weight of a lzl styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer (average molecular weight of l,500) 0.5 moles medroxy polyethylene glycol (average molecular weight of about 550) and 0.5 moles of stearyl alcohol l-octadencanol).
- the polymer is about 4 to I50 percent, preferably about 40 to 120 percent, half-esterified with the total methoxy polyethylene glycol and alkanol.
- the water-soluble salts of this invention can be formed by reacting an alkali metal, ammonia or water-soluble amine with the styrene-maleic anhydride or its partial ester to react with free carboxyl groups present in the partial ester.
- the water-soluble, salt-forming amines having boiling points above about 200 C. can be employed in the present invention to form the amine salts of the styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer partial ester.
- Preferred amines are tertiary amines such as, for example, tributylamine and trifurfurylamine; and hydroxyl lower alkyl amines such as, for example, diethanolamines and triethanolamines.
- Glycol amines or capped glycol amines of molecular weights up to about 5,000 are also suitable.
- the ethanolamines are preferred.
- a preferred method of reacting the amine and the copolymer is to first dissolve the amine in the water and then add the copolymer while keeping the temperature below about 140 F. to minimize evaporation. Sufficient agitation may be employed to insure complete formulation.
- an alkali metal or ammonium salt can be prepared by means known in the art.
- compositions of this invention can contain from about 0.l to 50, preferably from about 0.5 to l0, weight percent of the alkali metal, ammonia or amine component, from about 2 to 40, preferably from about 4 to 20, weight percent of the styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer ester and from about 20 to 95, preferably from about 70 to 90, weight percent water.
- the amount of alkali metal, ammonia or amine present is often sufficient to neutralize the compositions or make them basic.
- compositions of this invention also contain minor, effective amounts of water-soluble extreme pressure lubricat ing agents such as water-soluble amine salts of organic phosphate ester acids or of fatty acids of about l2 to 20 carbon atoms, for example, triethanolamine oleate, diethanolamine oleate, and similar salts of the various watersoluble amines used to form the water-soluble salts of styrenemaleic anhydride polymers of this invention.
- water-soluble extreme pressure lubricat ing agents such as water-soluble amine salts of organic phosphate ester acids or of fatty acids of about l2 to 20 carbon atoms, for example, triethanolamine oleate, diethanolamine oleate, and similar salts of the various watersoluble amines used to form the water-soluble salts of styrenemaleic anhydride polymers of this invention.
- extreme pressure agents are generally effective in the composition of the present invention when employed in minor amounts, for instance, about 2 to weight percent, preferably about 4 to it) weight percent, of the solution ofalkali metal, ammonia or amine; styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer ester and water Where the same amine is employed to form the styrene-maleic anhydride salt as is used to form the salt of the fatty acid, the fatty acid may be added directly along with the styrenemaleic anhydride partial ester to the aqueous solution containing an amount of the amine in excess of that needed to form the styrene-maleic saltv
- the organic phosphate ester acids which may be employed as E.P agents in the present invention can be, for instance, primary.
- phosphate compounds preferably include those corresponding to the following general formula:
- R is a hydrocarbon radical having about one to 30, preferably eight to l8, carbon atoms, 1: equals 2 to 10, preferably 2, y is 0 to 20, preferably 2 to 8, and n is l to 2.
- the R groups can be alkyl, aryl or mixed alkyl-aryl radicals.
- phosphate ester acids of this invention may be oil or water-soluble, depending to a degree on the vaiue of y, although the size of R and 1 may also be factors in determining solubility.
- salt'fonning amine for example, triethanolamine
- At least about i part by weight of amine per part of phosphate ester acid can often be required to solubilize the ester acid in water.
- Phosphate ester acids useful as the extreme pressure lubricant component in the present invention include, for example, mono and di-octyl and oxo-decyl phosphates, mixtures of monoand dilauryl phosphate, lauryl polyethylenoxy phosphate esters, nonylphenylpolyethyleneoxy phosphate esters and the like.
- Methods of preparation of the phospahte ester acids suitable for use in the composition of the present invention appear in abundance in the prior art. US. Pat. No. 3,033,889 to Chiddix et al.
- the composition of this invention may also contain various additives such as, for example, about I to [0 weight percent of an anti-foaming agent such as hexadecyi alcohol, or other monohydric alcohols of from about six to 20 carbon atoms; about 2- l0 weight percent, preferably about 3-9 weight percent, boric acid or other suitable boron compound, such as borax, which forms boric acid on hydration, or a mixture of such compounds with low molecular weight amines such as methylethyl amine or tributyl amine and sodium nitrite which can provide protection against rust.
- an anti-foaming agent such as hexadecyi alcohol, or other monohydric alcohols of from about six to 20 carbon atoms
- boric acid or other suitable boron compound such as borax, which forms boric acid on hydration
- borax which forms boric acid on hydration
- a mixture of such compounds with low molecular weight amines such as methyleth
- Water-soluble glycols such as hexylene glycols and polyethylene glycols of up to about 5,000 molecular weight, or capped glycols and polyglycols, such as diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, have been found to prevent film formation and tackiness on the machinery or product and improve settling of fine solids for recirculation of fluid and may be employed in amounts up to about 30, preferably about l0 to 25, weight percent. Small amounts of water-soluble silicones may be added an anti-foaming agents and sodium nitrite may also be added as a corrosion inhibitor.
- the lubricant composition may have a viscosity of below about poise at 2 5 C in use, the lubricating composition of this invention may be diluted with water, for instance, to a concentration of 1 part by weight of the cutting oil composition to about l to 100, preferably 5 to 50, parts by weight ofwater.
- a second reaction was performed in like manner with one anhydride equivalent of a styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer of an average molecular weight of 1,500, an acid number of 490 and a styrene to maleic anhydride molar ratio of 1:1 with 1 mole (350 g.) of a methoxy polyethylene glycol of an average molecular weight of 350.
- Test Result 1 carbon 51.7 i hydrogen 7.6 in oxygen 31.82 Acid Number 174.3
- Samples A and B were dissolved in water to make percent aqueous solutions and these solutions were further reacted with sufficient triethanolamine to make solutions of a pH of 7.0.
- the stoichometrlc amount of triethanolamlne to neutralize Sample A is about 16.6 grams per 100 grams of the styrene maleic anhydride resin ester while this amount for Sample B is about 46.3 grams per 100 grams of the resin ester.
- Sample A (a composition containing the mixing ester of this invention) yielded lower torque values than the Sample B monoester on every metal tested.
- tapping torque data can be related to other metal-working operations such as cutting and abrading, including grinding, honing, etc.
- the invention as herein disclosed can thus be applicable to a variety of other industrial applications.
- the organic phosphate ester acid is a mixture of approximately equal amounts of primary and secondary phosphate esters of the oxyethylene ether of of 0x0 tridecyl alcohol, the ether containing an average of 5 oxyethylene groups.
- the solution is subjected to tapping torque tests on various metals with similar results as shown per Sample A in Example 1.
- a lubricating composition comprising an aqueous solution of an alkali metal, ammonium or water-soluble amine salt of a styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer ester and a minor, effective amount of an extreme pressure lubricating agent, wherein the polymer has a styrene to maleic anhydride molar ratio of about 1:1 to 5:1 and an unesterified molecular weight of about 600 to 5,000, esterified with both of (A) a fatty alcohol containing from about 10 to 22 carbon atoms; and (B) a lower alkoxy polyethylene glycol wherein the alkoxy group contains one to four carbon atoms and having an average molecular weight of about 200 to 750, said (A) and (B) being in a mole ratio of from about 0.3 to 1.1:1, and wherein about 4 to 150 percent of the total number of carboxyl carbon atoms of the polymer are half-esterified with (A) and (B).
- composition of claim 1 wherein the polymer has an unesterified molecular weight of about 800 to 2,500.
- composition of claim 2 wherein the (A) fatty alcohol contains about 16 to 18 carbon atoms.
- composition of claim 3 wherein the (B) lower alkoxy polyethylene glycol has an average molecular weight of about 500 to 700.
- composition of claim 4 wherein the said (A) and (B) are present in a mole ratio of 0.75:1 to 1: 1.
- composition of claim 5 wherein about 4 to 120 percent of the total number of carboxyl carbon atoms of the polymer are half-esterified with (A) and (B).
- composition of claim 6 wherein the amine salt is of a water-soluble amine having a boiling point above about 200 8.
- the extreme pressure agent is amine salt of a fatty acid of from 12 to 20 carbon atoms.
- composition of claim 7 wherein the extreme pressure agent is a phosphate ester acid.
- composition ofclaim 1 wherein the copolymer ester salt is of a water-soluble salt-forming amine having a boiling point above about 200 C.
- composition of claim 10 wherein the amine is triethanolamine.
- composition of claim 11 wherein the polymer has a styrene to maleic anhydride ratio of about 1:1 and an average molecular weight, prior to esterification, of about 800 to 2,500.
- composition of claim 13 wherein the (A) fatty alcohol contains 16 to 18 carbon atoms.
- composition of claim 13 wherein the lower alkoxy polyethylene glycol is methoxy polyethylene glycol.
- composition of claim 14 wherein the mole ratio of (A) to (B) is from about 0.75:1 to 1:].
- composition of claim 1 which contains about 2 to 15 weight percent of a water-soluble extreme pressure agent based on the weight of the solution of the alkali metal, ammonia or amine, copolymer ester salt and water.
- composition of claim 16 wherein the extreme pressure agent is an amine salt of a fatty acid of from 12 to 20 carbon atoms.
- composition of claim 16 wherein the extreme pressure agent is a phosphate ester acid.
- composition ofclaim 1 comprising from about 20 to 95 weight percent of water based on the total weight of said salt and water, said copolymer ester component of said salt being from about 2 to 40 weight percent of the total composition and said alkali metal, ammonium or water soluble amine component of said salt being from about 0.01 to 50 weight percent of the total composition.
- composition of claim 19 comprising from about 70 to weight percent of water based on the total weight of said salt and water.
- said copolymer ester component of said salt being from about 4 to 20 weight percent of the total composition and said alkali metal, ammonium or water-soluble amine component of said salt being from about 0.5 to 10 percent of the total composition.
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (19)
- 2. The composition of claim 1 wherein the polymer has an unesterified molecular weight of about 800 to 2,500.
- 3. The composition of claim 2 wherein the (A) fAtty alcohol contains about 16 to 18 carbon atoms.
- 4. The composition of claim 3 wherein the (B) lower alkoxy polyethylene glycol has an average molecular weight of about 500 to 700.
- 5. The composition of claim 4 wherein the said (A) and (B) are present in a mole ratio of 0.75:1 to 1:1.
- 6. The composition of claim 5 wherein about 4 to 120 percent of the total number of carboxyl carbon atoms of the polymer are half-esterified with (A) and (B).
- 7. The composition of claim 6 wherein the amine salt is of a water-soluble amine having a boiling point above about 200* C.
- 8. The composition of claim 7 wherein the extreme pressure agent is amine salt of a fatty acid of from 12 to 20 carbon atoms.
- 9. The composition of claim 7 wherein the extreme pressure agent is a phosphate ester acid.
- 10. The composition of claim 1 wherein the copolymer ester salt is of a water-soluble salt-forming amine having a boiling point above about 200* C.
- 11. The composition of claim 10 wherein the amine is triethanolamine.
- 12. The composition of claim 11 wherein the polymer has a styrene to maleic anhydride ratio of about 1:1 and an average molecular weight, prior to esterification, of about 800 to 2,500.
- 13. The composition of claim 12 wherein the (A) fatty alcohol contains 16 to 18 carbon atoms.
- 14. The composition of claim 13 wherein the lower alkoxy polyethylene glycol is methoxy polyethylene glycol.
- 15. The composition of claim 14 wherein the mole ratio of (A) to (B) is from about 0.75:1 to 1:1.
- 16. The composition of claim 1 which contains about 2 to 15 weight percent of a water-soluble extreme pressure agent based on the weight of the solution of the alkali metal, ammonia or amine, copolymer ester salt and water.
- 17. The composition of claim 16 wherein the extreme pressure agent is an amine salt of a fatty acid of from 12 to 20 carbon atoms.
- 18. The composition of claim 16 wherein the extreme pressure agent is a phosphate ester acid.
- 19. The composition of claim 1 comprising from about 20 to 95 weight percent of water based on the total weight of said salt and water, said copolymer ester component of said salt being from about 2 to 40 weight percent of the total composition and said alkali metal, ammonium or water soluble amine component of said salt being from about 0.01 to 50 weight percent of the total composition.
- 20. The composition of claim 19 comprising from about 70 to 90 weight percent of water based on the total weight of said salt and water, said copolymer ester component of said salt being from about 4 to 20 weight percent of the total composition and said alkali metal, ammonium or water-soluble amine component of said salt being from about 0.5 to 10 percent of the total composition.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US2199370A | 1970-03-23 | 1970-03-23 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US3657123A true US3657123A (en) | 1972-04-18 |
Family
ID=21807257
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US21993A Expired - Lifetime US3657123A (en) | 1970-03-23 | 1970-03-23 | Lubricant compositions |
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US (1) | US3657123A (en) |
Cited By (20)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3860521A (en) * | 1972-03-20 | 1975-01-14 | Basf Wyandotte Corp | Soap based chain conveyor lubricant |
EP0062890A2 (en) * | 1981-04-13 | 1982-10-20 | Basf Wyandotte Corporation | Water-based low foam hydraulic fluid concentrates |
US4447348A (en) * | 1981-02-25 | 1984-05-08 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Carboxylic solubilizer/surfactant combinations and aqueous compositions containing same |
US4448703A (en) * | 1981-02-25 | 1984-05-15 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Carboxylic solubilizer/surfactant combinations and aqueous compositions containing same |
US4454050A (en) * | 1983-03-21 | 1984-06-12 | Pennwalt Corporation | Aqueous release agent and lubricant |
US4666620A (en) * | 1978-09-27 | 1987-05-19 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Carboxylic solubilizer/surfactant combinations and aqueous compositions containing same |
US4689166A (en) * | 1986-07-17 | 1987-08-25 | Pennzoil Product Company | Succinic acid esters and hydraulic fluids thereform |
US4770803A (en) * | 1986-07-03 | 1988-09-13 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Aqueous compositions containing carboxylic salts |
US4776970A (en) * | 1985-11-20 | 1988-10-11 | San Nopco Limited | Lubricant for use in paper coating and method for producing the same |
US4784784A (en) * | 1986-07-17 | 1988-11-15 | Pennzoil Products Company | Succinic acid esters and hydraulic fluids therefrom |
WO1992016603A1 (en) * | 1991-03-22 | 1992-10-01 | Henkel Corporation | Lubrication for cold forming of metals |
US5547595A (en) * | 1995-02-07 | 1996-08-20 | Henkel Corporation | Aqueous lubricant and process for cold forming metal, particularly pointing thick-walled metal tubes |
US5801128A (en) * | 1995-10-23 | 1998-09-01 | International Refining And Manufacturing Company | Hot melt lubricant and method of application |
USRE36479E (en) * | 1986-07-03 | 2000-01-04 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Aqueous compositions containing nitrogen-containing salts |
US6103675A (en) * | 1997-03-12 | 2000-08-15 | Clariant Gmbh | Phosphoric esters as extreme pressure additives |
US6248701B1 (en) * | 1994-05-13 | 2001-06-19 | Henkel Corporation | Aqueous metal coating composition and process with reduced staining and corrosion |
US6302209B1 (en) | 1997-09-10 | 2001-10-16 | Bj Services Company | Surfactant compositions and uses therefor |
US6719053B2 (en) | 2001-04-30 | 2004-04-13 | Bj Services Company | Ester/monoester copolymer compositions and methods of preparing and using same |
US6849581B1 (en) | 1999-03-30 | 2005-02-01 | Bj Services Company | Gelled hydrocarbon compositions and methods for use thereof |
EP3581635A1 (en) | 2018-06-16 | 2019-12-18 | INDIAN OIL CORPORATION Ltd. | Hydrocarbon soluble metal compositions and method of making them |
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Cited By (23)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3860521A (en) * | 1972-03-20 | 1975-01-14 | Basf Wyandotte Corp | Soap based chain conveyor lubricant |
US4666620A (en) * | 1978-09-27 | 1987-05-19 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Carboxylic solubilizer/surfactant combinations and aqueous compositions containing same |
US4447348A (en) * | 1981-02-25 | 1984-05-08 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Carboxylic solubilizer/surfactant combinations and aqueous compositions containing same |
US4448703A (en) * | 1981-02-25 | 1984-05-15 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Carboxylic solubilizer/surfactant combinations and aqueous compositions containing same |
EP0062890A2 (en) * | 1981-04-13 | 1982-10-20 | Basf Wyandotte Corporation | Water-based low foam hydraulic fluid concentrates |
EP0062890A3 (en) * | 1981-04-13 | 1982-11-17 | Basf Wyandotte Corporation | Water-based low foam hydraulic fluid |
US4454050A (en) * | 1983-03-21 | 1984-06-12 | Pennwalt Corporation | Aqueous release agent and lubricant |
US4776970A (en) * | 1985-11-20 | 1988-10-11 | San Nopco Limited | Lubricant for use in paper coating and method for producing the same |
USRE36479E (en) * | 1986-07-03 | 2000-01-04 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Aqueous compositions containing nitrogen-containing salts |
US4770803A (en) * | 1986-07-03 | 1988-09-13 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Aqueous compositions containing carboxylic salts |
US4784784A (en) * | 1986-07-17 | 1988-11-15 | Pennzoil Products Company | Succinic acid esters and hydraulic fluids therefrom |
US4689166A (en) * | 1986-07-17 | 1987-08-25 | Pennzoil Product Company | Succinic acid esters and hydraulic fluids thereform |
US5368757A (en) * | 1991-03-22 | 1994-11-29 | Henkel Corporation | Lubrication for cold forming of metals |
WO1992016603A1 (en) * | 1991-03-22 | 1992-10-01 | Henkel Corporation | Lubrication for cold forming of metals |
US6248701B1 (en) * | 1994-05-13 | 2001-06-19 | Henkel Corporation | Aqueous metal coating composition and process with reduced staining and corrosion |
US5547595A (en) * | 1995-02-07 | 1996-08-20 | Henkel Corporation | Aqueous lubricant and process for cold forming metal, particularly pointing thick-walled metal tubes |
US5801128A (en) * | 1995-10-23 | 1998-09-01 | International Refining And Manufacturing Company | Hot melt lubricant and method of application |
US6103675A (en) * | 1997-03-12 | 2000-08-15 | Clariant Gmbh | Phosphoric esters as extreme pressure additives |
US6302209B1 (en) | 1997-09-10 | 2001-10-16 | Bj Services Company | Surfactant compositions and uses therefor |
US6849581B1 (en) | 1999-03-30 | 2005-02-01 | Bj Services Company | Gelled hydrocarbon compositions and methods for use thereof |
US6719053B2 (en) | 2001-04-30 | 2004-04-13 | Bj Services Company | Ester/monoester copolymer compositions and methods of preparing and using same |
EP3581635A1 (en) | 2018-06-16 | 2019-12-18 | INDIAN OIL CORPORATION Ltd. | Hydrocarbon soluble metal compositions and method of making them |
US11453600B2 (en) | 2018-06-16 | 2022-09-27 | Indian Oil Corporation Limited | Method of making hydrocarbon soluble metal compositions |
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