US3653940A - Titanium and titanium alloy with lubricant coated surface - Google Patents
Titanium and titanium alloy with lubricant coated surface Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3653940A US3653940A US33454A US3653940DA US3653940A US 3653940 A US3653940 A US 3653940A US 33454 A US33454 A US 33454A US 3653940D A US3653940D A US 3653940DA US 3653940 A US3653940 A US 3653940A
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- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- titanium
- galling
- coating
- wire
- wires
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D5/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures
- B05D5/08—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures to obtain an anti-friction or anti-adhesive surface
- B05D5/083—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures to obtain an anti-friction or anti-adhesive surface involving the use of fluoropolymers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M7/00—Solid or semi-solid compositions essentially based on lubricating components other than mineral lubricating oils or fatty oils and their use as lubricants; Use as lubricants of single solid or semi-solid substances
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D2202/00—Metallic substrate
- B05D2202/30—Metallic substrate based on refractory metals (Ti, V, Cr, Zr, Nb, Mo, Hf, Ta, W)
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/06—Metal compounds
- C10M2201/065—Sulfides; Selenides; Tellurides
- C10M2201/066—Molybdenum sulfide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2211/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2211/06—Perfluorinated compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2213/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2213/02—Organic macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions obtained from monomers containing carbon, hydrogen and halogen only
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2213/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2213/06—Perfluoro polymers
- C10M2213/062—Polytetrafluoroethylene [PTFE]
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
- C10N2050/08—Solids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
- C10N2050/10—Semi-solids; greasy
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/3154—Of fluorinated addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
- Y10T428/31544—Addition polymer is perhalogenated
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31678—Of metal
- Y10T428/31692—Next to addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
- Y10T428/31699—Ester, halide or nitrile of addition polymer
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31815—Of bituminous or tarry residue
Definitions
- ABSTRACT Minimizing the galling of titanium (or alloys) in sea water by first providing a conversion coating such as an impregnated coating of polytetrafluoroethylene, then overlaying with a coating of molybdenum disulfide and a final outer coating of asphaltic grease.
- An apparatus for evaluating galling of titanium wires under extreme pressure wherein a rope or wire is supported 'on a reciprocating weighted crank arm and abuts a stationary wire. The weighted arm applies the necessary pressure and imparts relative motion between the wires, and thereby causes repeatable galling results.
- the general purpose of this invention it to provide a titanium coating that has all the advantages of prior art techniques and has none of the above described disadvantages.
- the present invention provides a unique combination of three individual coatings wherein the base coat is an impregnation of Teflon, the intermediate coating is molybdenum disulfide and an outer coating is of asphaltic grease, whereby galling at extreme pressures and in sea water is substantially reduced.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a reliable, simple, inexpensivecoating for titanium surfaces which may be readily applied and reduces galling.
- Another object is to provide a special lubricating composition for titanium surfaces for the reduction of galling in sea water.
- a variable speed drive motor rotatably drives an eccentric cam 11 via shaft 12 which in turn is connected through shaft 13 to crank arm 14.
- This crank arm reciprocates between bearings 15 and 16 and provides simple harmonic motion.
- a cycle counter 17 senses the number of reciprocations of the arm and may be electrically connected to the motor 10 so as to terminate the arm movement after a preset number of cycles.
- the arm itself is unsupported vertically and carries at its far end a weight member 18 so as to pivotabout the shaft 13 and provide an additional downward force. Disposed on the underside of the arm opposite the member 18 and attached to the arm is one of the wires 19, to be evaluated for galling.
- FIG. 2 depicts the motor 10 and the bearing 15 and 16 as supported by base 20, which also carries block 21 directly beneath weight 18. Disposed on the upper surface of block 21 is a stationary wire 22, which contacts wire 19 and rubs thereagamst as the arm 14 reciprocates.
- FIG. 3 depicts the spatial relationship of the wires or ropes under test. The moving wire 19 is shown in both of its terminal positions and the areas marked thereon indicate where the galling is taking place.
- a metal shape selected from the class consisting of titanium and titanium alloys having a first coating consisting essentially of polytetrafluoroethylene applied directly on the surface of the metal shape to control porosity, a second coating consisting essentially of molybdenum disulfide, and'an outer coating of asphaltic grease.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
Abstract
Minimizing the galling of titanium (or alloys) in sea water by first providing a conversion coating such as an impregnated coating of polytetrafluoroethylene, then overlaying with a coating of molybdenum disulfide and a final outer coating of asphaltic grease. An apparatus for evaluating galling of titanium wires under extreme pressure wherein a rope or wire is supported on a reciprocating weighted crank arm and abuts a stationary wire. The weighted arm applies the necessary pressure and imparts relative motion between the wires, and thereby causes repeatable galling results.
Description
United States Patent Ohlbaum et al.
[ 51 Apr. 4, 1972 [54] TITANIUM AND TITANIUM ALLOY WITH LUBRICANT COATED SURFACE [72] Inventors: Robert A. Ohlbaum, Silver Spring; Charles A. Zanis; Joseph R. Crisci, both of Bowie, all of Md.
[73] Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the Navy 221 Filed: Apr. 30, 1970 211 Appl.No.: 33,454
OTHER PUBLICATIONS Fitzsimmons et al., Thin Films of PTFE Resin as Lubricants and Preservative Coatings for Metals, NRL Report, 4753, June 15, 1956, p. 16.
Primary Examiner-William D. Martin Assistant ExaminerRalph Husack Attorney-Richard S. Sciascia, Louis B. Applebaum and Ernest F. Weinberger [S 7] ABSTRACT Minimizing the galling of titanium (or alloys) in sea water by first providing a conversion coating such as an impregnated coating of polytetrafluoroethylene, then overlaying with a coating of molybdenum disulfide and a final outer coating of asphaltic grease. An apparatus for evaluating galling of titanium wires under extreme pressure wherein a rope or wire is supported 'on a reciprocating weighted crank arm and abuts a stationary wire. The weighted arm applies the necessary pressure and imparts relative motion between the wires, and thereby causes repeatable galling results.
2 Claims, 4 Drawing Figures Iva/wea 0F firm/M46 Numeik G AT/N4 6V6L5 To 01- 6761.65 To F/J/L. was 674/?7 Gnu/v4 62am) DKHM/ 1- TEFLUN P45 75 5 3 Name 1,
F2 woe/0e lMPeeq/mz/v/v 44 E465 2 2 MaL YfiOE/(UM 0/5 ale/v0 4 4 75/10! IMP/764N97/0N 22 22, 2'6, 25,233? 24 J I00, 25, 5/, 5;, my 47 79 mm: p aw W076 26, 2 /9, /5 2/ qxm/vo 2mm flfip/MLWC 6265756 2'0, /7, If, 23, 45,32 25 TEFLoN lmwsqmqwau 1'- Moivaaewum 5ULFID 83,200, 200 A90 Til/N 60/97 Asp/mun: 425455 1 IMP/mus!) PM! 57552 WIRE 44 40/ 40 515/? were? Patented April 4, 1972 3,653,940
2 Sheets-Sheet l lm ywm Patented April 4, 1972 3,653,940
2 Sheets-Sheet 2 TITANIUM AND TITANIUM ALLOY WITH LUBRICA COATED SURFACE The invention described herein may be manufactured and used by or for the Government of the United States of America for governmental purposes without the payment of any royalties thereon or therefor.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION practice to employ readily available coatings of various plastics and lubricants. Such materials, either alone or in com bination, have been unsatisfactory in that, although they reduce titanium galling in air, they are almost entirely ineffective when the abrading wires are subjected to a salt water environment.
SUMMARY- OF THE INVENTION The general purpose of this invention it to provide a titanium coating that has all the advantages of prior art techniques and has none of the above described disadvantages. To attain this, the present invention provides a unique combination of three individual coatings wherein the base coat is an impregnation of Teflon, the intermediate coating is molybdenum disulfide and an outer coating is of asphaltic grease, whereby galling at extreme pressures and in sea water is substantially reduced.
An object of the present invention is to provide a reliable, simple, inexpensivecoating for titanium surfaces which may be readily applied and reduces galling.
Another object is to provide a special lubricating composition for titanium surfaces for the reduction of galling in sea water.
Other objects and many of the attendant advantages of this.
invention will be readily appreciated as the same becomes better understood by reference to the following detailed description when considered in connection with the accompanying drawings.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT In the embodiment of the galling test machine of FIG. 1, a variable speed drive motor rotatably drives an eccentric cam 11 via shaft 12 which in turn is connected through shaft 13 to crank arm 14. This crank arm reciprocates between bearings 15 and 16 and provides simple harmonic motion. A cycle counter 17 senses the number of reciprocations of the arm and may be electrically connected to the motor 10 so as to terminate the arm movement after a preset number of cycles. The arm itself is unsupported vertically and carries at its far end a weight member 18 so as to pivotabout the shaft 13 and provide an additional downward force. Disposed on the underside of the arm opposite the member 18 and attached to the arm is one of the wires 19, to be evaluated for galling.
As illustrated in FIG. 2. the motor 10 and the bearing 15 and 16 are supported by base 20, which also carries block 21 directly beneath weight 18. Disposed on the upper surface of block 21 is a stationary wire 22, which contacts wire 19 and rubs thereagamst as the arm 14 reciprocates. FIG. 3 depicts the spatial relationship of the wires or ropes under test. The moving wire 19 is shown in both of its terminal positions and the areas marked thereon indicate where the galling is taking place.
Since in one particularimportant application, titanium alloy wire rope is subjected to extreme galling pressure, this testing apparatus was designed to apply high pressure and may be operated in a sea water atmosphere. Additionally, wire ropes are fabricated under certain standards which set the angular relations between the strands and the ropes used in specific configurations. This determines the angular separation between the wires 19 and 22 which, in the illustrated simulation, is approximately 65.
Gallings tests ofvarious representative coatings applied to a titanium alloy (Ti l3V-ll Cr-3Al) were performed and the results are tabulated in FIG. 4. These results clearly indicate the superior quality of applicants coating in reducing galling in view of the average number of cycles required to start galling. Applicants first impregnate the titanium wire with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTF E hereinafter referred to under its trade mark designation Teflon) by standard methods described by the manufacturer and supplier. This initial coating is of the conversion type and other materials such as fluorides could be used to control the porosity. This undercoating, which may also be Teflon is then covered with a layer of molybdenum disulfide which is overlayed with a common asphaltic grease.
Obviously many modifications and variations of the present invention are possible in the light of the above teachings. It is therefore to be understood that within the scope of the appended claims the invention may be practiced otherwise than as specifically described.
We claim:
1. A metal shape selected from the class consisting of titanium and titanium alloys having a first coating consisting essentially of polytetrafluoroethylene applied directly on the surface of the metal shape to control porosity, a second coating consisting essentially of molybdenum disulfide, and'an outer coating of asphaltic grease.
2. The metal shape of claim 1 wherein said first coating is an impregnation of polytetrafluoroethylene.
Claims (1)
- 2. The metal shape of claim 1 wherein said first coating is an impregnation of polytetrafluoroethylene.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US3345470A | 1970-04-30 | 1970-04-30 |
Publications (1)
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US3653940A true US3653940A (en) | 1972-04-04 |
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US33454A Expired - Lifetime US3653940A (en) | 1970-04-30 | 1970-04-30 | Titanium and titanium alloy with lubricant coated surface |
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3929001A (en) * | 1974-04-29 | 1975-12-30 | Henry L Lee | Device for testing wear resistance of dental restorative materials |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2533501A (en) * | 1948-03-24 | 1950-12-12 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Electrical insulation comprising polytetrafluoroethylene |
US2691814A (en) * | 1952-11-24 | 1954-10-19 | Glacier Co Ltd | Polytetrafluorethylene impregnated bearings |
US2798005A (en) * | 1951-10-19 | 1957-07-02 | Glacier Co Ltd | Porous metal bearing containing polytetrafluoroethylene and a solid lubricant |
US3296844A (en) * | 1963-02-18 | 1967-01-10 | Frank B Quinlan | Cold-working lubrication |
-
1970
- 1970-04-30 US US33454A patent/US3653940A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2533501A (en) * | 1948-03-24 | 1950-12-12 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Electrical insulation comprising polytetrafluoroethylene |
US2798005A (en) * | 1951-10-19 | 1957-07-02 | Glacier Co Ltd | Porous metal bearing containing polytetrafluoroethylene and a solid lubricant |
US2691814A (en) * | 1952-11-24 | 1954-10-19 | Glacier Co Ltd | Polytetrafluorethylene impregnated bearings |
US3296844A (en) * | 1963-02-18 | 1967-01-10 | Frank B Quinlan | Cold-working lubrication |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
Fitzsimmons et al., Thin Films of PTFE Resin as Lubricants and Preservative Coatings for Metals, NRL Report, 4753, June 15, 1956, p. 16. * |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3929001A (en) * | 1974-04-29 | 1975-12-30 | Henry L Lee | Device for testing wear resistance of dental restorative materials |
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