US36536A - And webster wagner - Google Patents

Description

UNITED sTATEs PATENT oEEroE ALBA F. SMITH, OF NCRWICH, CONNECTICUT, AND WEBSTER WAGNER, OF PALATINE BRIDGE, NEW YORK.

VENTILATING- RAILROAD-CARS.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 36,536, datedseptember 23, 1862.

To all whom tt may concern:

Be it known that we, ALBA F. SMITH, of Norwich, in the county of New London and State of Connecticut, and WEBSTER VAGNER, of Palatine Bridge, in the county of Montgomery and State of New York, have invented certain Improvements in Ventilating Railroad-Cars; and we do hereby declare that the ollowig is a Jfull and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making part of this specification, and in which- Figure l is a cross section of the body of a car with our improvements attached, and Fig. 2 is a horizontal section o-n the line S, S, in Fig. l.

The nature of our invention consists in discharging the air through the entire space betweenthe cross trames under an elevated port-ion of the car-roof, which extends longitudinally along the chief portion of the length of the car, and exhausting it from thence by deflectors through openings uniformly dist-ributed in the sides of such elevated portions whereby the motion of the car is made to effectually and equably withdraw the foul air which gathers in the upper portion ot the car, without producing an unpleasant draft of air at any portion thereof.

The nature of our invention also consists in the employment of such exhausters in the sides of a central elevated portion of the roof in combination with ay series of separately adjustable apertures near the top of the sides of the car, so that the ingress and egress of the air is distributed through the whole length of the car, and each passenger may by opening or closing the aperture nearest him graduate the ventilation at that part to suit his convenience without aftecting the ventilation of other port-ions, and so that by reason of the ventilation being all above the heads of the passengers no disagreeable draft is created even when the ventilation is most thorough.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use our invention we will proceed to describe its construction and operation by the aid of the drawings.

A is the body of a car constructed in any of the approved styles of either wood or metal. In the roof B we provide an opening C, running nearly the whole length of the car and of any suitable width, say about one third the width of the car, but allowing therafters to extend across the aperture as represented for strength. Over this opening we construct a seco-nd roof D elevated above t-he roof B of the car with sides E, pierced with any desired number of openings e. The openings may be provided with shutters e', either tilt-ing or sliding, as shown in the drawing, so that one or more of the said openings e may be inclosed at will. Exterior to E and covering the perforations therein we build continuous chambers-F, extending along the sides, having openings, j", corresponding t-o those in E, as represented in Fig. 2. In each of these openings, f, we iix one or more shutters or exhausters G. swinging on vertical shafts and /capable of being adjustable at various angles to the line of motion of the car, and also of being reversed so as to stand in the same relative position, with the car going in either direction. All the shutters or exhausters G, on either side of C, are connected together by a cord, wire or other suitable tensile connection I-I, which passes over a cylinder I at either end of F, so as to form an endless band as represented. Handles, i, serve to turn I, and thus to operate all the exhausters on that side at once adjusting them all to the same angle. or reversing them all by one single movement of the handle The chambers F are raised a little above the root of the car so as to leave channels or passages m, m, for the tree passageof cinders or other .particles to allow them to be blown along without being liable to be blown in through the openings, f, when the current is by any means temporarily reversed. This is a mat-ter of some importance when a car is standing at a station with a whifiling or variable wind, and is of still more consequence when a car chances to run for a little period with the exhausters in the wrong or reversed posit-ion. At each end of the opening C, we place a single shutter J, swinging on a horizontal axis. The forward yo-ne of these exhausters must always be closed and this being attended to, and the rear one` being opened, these openings promote the efficient action of t-he exhaust when the car is in motion. All of these shutters or exhausters may be made to adjust themselves by the action of the air it desired. To enable the serie's'G at each side to so adjust themselves, the simple giving to one of the outer arms or wings a considerable length so as to be acted on very powerfully by the inertia of the air might be suiiicient. 7e prefer however for simplicity and certainty the hand operation described.

When the exhausters G are adjusted in the position shown in Fig. 2, and the motion of the car is in the direction of the black arrow, the action of the air upon the shutters G, tends to cause a current of air to ow from the car in the direct-ion of the red arrows, first through the opening e into F, and thence through the openings, f, into the external atmosphere, and if air is supplied to the car from any source, thisl current will be maintained while the car is in motion. In order toV supply the air for this current so as to make thorough venti lation without inconvenience to the passengers, we provide `openings K in the top of the sides of the car, at intervals during its entire length, and provide a shutter L for each opening. These openings are above the heads of the passengers and the air which comes in thereat, passes transversely along the interior of the top of the car in the direct-ion of the red arrows without descending so as to blow directly upon the passengers, only so much of it descend-V ing as is necessary to supply the place of the foul air as it rises. If, however, any passenger experiences inconvenience from the air, he may shut the opening K next him, while those who prefer can have their ventilat-ion open. The number of openings both for the ingress and egress of the air, and their distribution through the length of the car, insures a very efficient ventilation without necessitating a violent act-ion at any one point. The induction openings 4K being directly beneath the eaves of the car, receive less dust and smoke than in any other position. This arrangement of openings for the ingress of air, isvery efficient and agreeable in warm weather, but in cold weather it is necessary to warm the air in order to produce an agreeable temperature in the whole car. In such case we employ our improved exhausting devices as above described graduatingthe amount of their action to the circumstances, bythe use of the shutters G, but we admit the air to the car through what is known as Spears stove or some analogous heating device-we prefer to employ one at each end of the car. In this arrangement the air is received from above, carried down through heat-ing pipes vated roof, are the very eiicient and equable action through the whole length of the car, whether the air is let in through the openings K or through suitable heaters, or otherwise, and the continuity and small cross sectional area of the elevated roof offering but a slight obstruction to the motionV of the car through the external air. The advantages due t-o the combination and peculiararrangement of our elevated central ro-of and induction and eduction passages are that a current of air more or less brisk as may be desired by each passenger is induced to flow through the adjacent induction passage, not upon him butacross over his head and up into the free space under the elevated roof, the great capacity of the latter space and the freedom of the exit therefrom preventing any disagreeable downward draft upon the passengers from the meeting of the currents.

Having now fully described our" invention what we claim as' new therein and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-w 1. Receiving the air from the interior of the car into the space under the longitudinal elevated portion of the roof, and exhausting it from thence by deflectors thro-ugh openings uniformly distributed at thesides of such elevated portion for the purposes set forth.

2. The combination and arrangement of the exhausting devices or their equivalentin the sides of an elevated central portion of the roof and separately adjustable apertures near the top of the sides of the car for the admission of fresh air substantially in the manner and for the purpose herein set p forth. i

ALBA F. SMITH.' WEBSTER WAGNER4 Witnesses:

Gr. H. BABoocK, D. W. S'rn'rsoN.

Images