US3646820A - Worm drive for starter motors for internal combustion engines - Google Patents

Worm drive for starter motors for internal combustion engines Download PDF

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Publication number
US3646820A
US3646820A US47803A US3646820DA US3646820A US 3646820 A US3646820 A US 3646820A US 47803 A US47803 A US 47803A US 3646820D A US3646820D A US 3646820DA US 3646820 A US3646820 A US 3646820A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
drive means
combination
driving gear
input shaft
overrunning clutch
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US47803A
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English (en)
Inventor
Erich Vogel
Gunter Ulimann
Gerhard Pfluger
Robert Boach Gmbh
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
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Publication of US3646820A publication Critical patent/US3646820A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N15/00—Other power-operated starting apparatus; Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from groups F02N5/00 - F02N13/00
    • F02N15/02—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof
    • F02N15/022—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the starter comprising an intermediate clutch
    • F02N15/026—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the starter comprising an intermediate clutch of the centrifugal type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N15/00—Other power-operated starting apparatus; Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from groups F02N5/00 - F02N13/00
    • F02N15/02—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof
    • F02N15/04—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears
    • F02N15/06—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears the toothed gears being moved by axial displacement
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/13—Machine starters

Definitions

  • An overrunning clutch connects the start pinion to an axially movable coupling member coupled to the armature-shaftrotated drive member by an ear that freely engages a longitudinal groove in the drive member, which has an internally threaded sleeve that meshes with the threaded portion of the armature shaft and is turned thereby.
  • Worm drives for this purpose frequently have a coupling that is rigid in one direction of rotation, the coupling occurring between the teeth of a coupling member turned by a driver and those of another part associated with the start pinion, which teeth together to form an overrunning clutch.
  • Such drives because of the rigid coupling, are particularly suited to the transmitting of large torques, as is necessary, for example, when starting high-speed diesel engines with direct fuel injection.
  • the drive is severely stresses by the shock occurring when the teeth of the turn pinion mesh with those of the spur gear of the internal combustion engine, by the peak torques that are transmitted during starting up, and by the forces exerted on the teeth of the overrunning clutch after the engine has started and has accelerated to an r.p.m. greater than that of the armature shaft of the starter motor.
  • the means for ensuring a rigid coupling in rotation between the coupling member and the drive are provided on a surface of the coupling member that faces a sleeve of the driver.
  • An object of the invention is a heavy duty worm drive that is wear resistant and has a long life, yet is composed of simple parts that are easily assembled together to make the worm drive.
  • the invention comprises broadly a driven gear on the engine, a driving gear, such as a turn pinion, arranged to be put into and out of mesh with the driven gear, a rotary input shaft, such as an armature shaft, of a starter motor, drive means movable axially of and operatively connected with the input shaft to perform an angular movement in response to axial movement, shifting means for moving the drive means axially, and coupling means comprising a first member radially spaced from the input shaft and provided on the drive means, and a second member coupled to the first member and operatively connected to the driving gear to move the latter angularly and axially into mesh with the driven gear in response to axial movement of the drive means.
  • FIGURE is a longitudinal view, partly cut away and partly in cross section, of an embodiment of the invention.
  • the armature, or input, shaft of a starter motor, not shown, is supported at its left end in a bearing plate 11, for rotation.
  • the shaft has a smooth length 12, which supports a turn pinion, or driving gear, 13, free to rotate and to move axially. It also has a length 14 with a coarse thread 15, onto which is screwed a cup-shaped driver 16 having an internally threaded sleeve 17.
  • the driver has at least one longitudinal slot 18 in its circumference, and advantageously has a plurality of such slots uniformly spaced about the circumference. If the slotted circumference of the driver is considered as being the first member of a coupling arrangement, the coupling member 19 constitutes the second member.
  • This latter member which is free to rotate and to move axially on the shaft 10, has an ear 20, constituting the male element, that freely engages a slot 18, constituting the female element, so that the coupling member 19 can easily move axially on the shaft.
  • the face 21 of the coupling member 19 facing the pinion 13 has saw-toothed coupling teeth 22 that mesh with similar teeth 23, which are incorporated in the face of a flange part 24 of the pinion 13 that projects into the cup-shaped driver 16.
  • teeth constitute an overrunning clutch, which permits the shaft 13 to rotate relative to the driver I6, when the engine that is to be started has started up and accelerates the pinion 13 with respect to the armature shaft 10 of the starter motor.
  • An elastomeric ring 27 is fixed in any suitable manner to the inner face of the wall 25.
  • the parts 19 and 24 are held inside the cup-shaped driver 16 by a retaining ring 28, which bears against the face 29 of the flange 24 and is held in an internal annular groove in the driver 16.
  • the sleeve 17 supports a two-piece collar 30, which the forked arm of a starting, or engaging, lever 31 engages.
  • a coil spring 32 which is supported at its left end by the outer face of the radial wall of the driver 16, presses the collar 30 against a retaining ring 33 rigidly held on the sleeve 17.
  • the lever 31 is operated by a starting relay, not shown, and, by means of the spring 32, the driver 16, and the coupling member 19, pushes the pinion 13 into mesh with the spur gear of the internal combustion engine, not shown.
  • the position of the pinion 13 when completely engaged is determined by a stop ring 35 rigidly held on the shaft 10.
  • the action of the overrunning clutch is helped by a centrifugal force uncoupler, located between the coupling member 19 and the flange 24 and consisting of a ball race 36, at least two uniformly spaced balls 37 in the race, and a conical ring 38.
  • the race 36 is securely held in an annular recess 39 of the flange 24.
  • the conical ring 38 is fixed to the face 21 of the member 19, and its conical surface 40 rests on the balls 37.
  • the electromagnetically operated starting lever 31 pushes the collar 30, the driver 16, the coupling member 19, and the turn pinion 13 towards the spur gear 34. If the teeth of the pinion and the spur gear are positioned so as to permit their meshing, the engaging movement is continued until the pinion reaches the stop ring 35. At this moment a starter switch, not shown, is closed in the usual manner, and the starter motor is turned on. The armature shaft is set into rotation, and the driver 16 is screwed along the coarse thread 15 towards the spur gear 34. By means of the elastomeric ring 27 and the coupling member 19 it presses the pinion 13 against the ring stop 35. The internal combustion engine is turned over by the pinion 13, which, in turn, is rotated by the shaft 10 acting through the driver 16, the coupling member 19, and the teeth 22 and 23, which are held in positive engagement in the direction of rotation.
  • the elastomeric ring 27 largely reduces the shock that occurs when the driver 16 strikes the coupling member 19, and the pinion 13, which is in mesh with the spur gear 34, starts up. Moreover, during rotation the elastomeric ring appreciably moderates the torque peaks that are transmitted to the armature shaft 10.
  • the elasticity of the ring enables the worm drive of the invention to operate more smoothly, with less noise, and, above all, with less wear than worm drives of the prior art.
  • the coil spring 26 can also be used in conjunction with the elastomeric ring 27 to obtain the cushioning effect. Although the ring is advantageously retained, it can be eliminated and the cushioning obtained solely from the spring 26.
  • the driver 16 If the teeth clash when trying to mesh the pinion 13 and the spur gear 34, the driver 16 is pushed, by means of the starting lever 31, the collar 30, and the spring 32, still farther leftward until the elastomeric ring 27 presses against the coupling member 19.
  • the driver 16, the coupling member 19, and the pinion 13 are rotated by the coarse thread 15, as a consequence of which the teeth of the pinion and the spur gear come into mesh in many cases before the starter motor is turned on.
  • the starting lever 31, once the elastomeric ring 27' presses against the coupling member 19, moves the collar 30 leftward, compressing the spring 32, until the starting relay, not shown, closes the starting switch.
  • the starter motor runs and turns the tooth of the pinion 13 past the opposite tooth on the spur gear, so that the force of the compressed spring 32 can push the pinion 13, by means of the coupling member 19 and the driver 16, into mesh with the spur gear 34.
  • the shaft thread 15 screws forward the assembly of 16, 19 and 13 until the pinion strikes the ring stop 35.
  • the spur gear accelerates the pinion, which now turns faster than the armature shaft 10.
  • the pinion therefore exerts through the backs of the saw teeth 23, and in a direction away from the pinion 13, an axial force on the teeth 22 of the coupling member 19 and on the driver 16.
  • the pinion also exerts an accelerating circumferential force on the driver 16 with respect to the shaft 10.
  • the effect of these two forces and the action of the coarse thread 15 moves the driver to the right, until the retaining ring 28 strikes the face 29 of the pinion flange 24.
  • the acceleration of the pinion 13 reverses the load on the teeth 22 and 23, whereby these teeth, as a consequence of their saw tooth shape, unmesh against the force of the spring, in the manner of an overrunning clutch, until the pinion 13 runs free.
  • a combination comprising a driven gear on the engine; a driving gear arranged to be put into and out of mesh with said driven gear; a rotary input shaft of a starter motor; drive means movable axially of and operatively connected with said input shaft to perform an angular movement in response to axial movement; shifting means for moving said drive means axially; and coupling means comprising a first member radially spaced from said input shaft and provided on said drive means, a second member movable axially of said drive means and coupled to said first member in operative connection with said driving gear to move the latter angulariy and axially into mesh with said driven gear in response to axial movement of said drive means, and cushioning means between said second member and said drive means for reducing the severity of shocks transmitted to said drive means during startup and acceleration.
  • centrifugal force uncoupler includes an annular ball race in said driving gear part, at least two uniformly spaced balls in said race, and a ring associated with said second member and having a conical surface that is substantially contiguous with said balls and is sufficiently borne upon thereby when the engine accelerates during starting to establish a component of force that acts against said second member to oppose the force of said resilient means.
  • said second member includes a male element and said first member a female element freely accepting said male element so as to permit free axial movement of said second member with respect to said drive means.
  • said drive means comprises a wall extending radially of said input shaft and adjacent said second member, and said cushioning means is held on said wall.
  • said drive means includes a sleeve that surrounds a length of said input shaft and is operatively connected thereto.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
US47803A 1969-06-21 1970-06-19 Worm drive for starter motors for internal combustion engines Expired - Lifetime US3646820A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19691931582 DE1931582A1 (de) 1969-06-21 1969-06-21 Schubschraubtrieb fuer Andrehmotoren von Brennkraftmaschinen

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3646820A true US3646820A (en) 1972-03-07

Family

ID=5737662

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US47803A Expired - Lifetime US3646820A (en) 1969-06-21 1970-06-19 Worm drive for starter motors for internal combustion engines

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US3646820A (de)
JP (1) JPS4833293B1 (de)
AU (1) AU1661170A (de)
DE (1) DE1931582A1 (de)
ES (1) ES380980A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2048487A5 (de)
GB (1) GB1264064A (de)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4114746A (en) * 1976-05-18 1978-09-19 Sawafuji Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Overrunning clutch device for engine starting unit
US4322985A (en) * 1980-03-20 1982-04-06 Facet Enterprises, Inc. Engine starter with an overrunning clutch device
US4353335A (en) * 1980-03-20 1982-10-12 Farymann Diesel Gmbh Hand starting mechanism for an internal combustion engine
FR2681382A1 (fr) * 1991-09-17 1993-03-19 Valeo Equip Electr Moteur Lanceur de demarreur pour moteur a combustion interne.
EP1039619A2 (de) * 1999-03-24 2000-09-27 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Anlasser/Generator für eine Viertaktbrennkraftmaschine
US20030131817A1 (en) * 2001-06-29 2003-07-17 Gerard Vilou Motor vehicle starter with improved starter drive assembly
US20040129096A1 (en) * 2001-06-29 2004-07-08 Gerard Vilou Motor vehicle starter with improved drive assembly
US20110308341A1 (en) * 2010-06-18 2011-12-22 Cardinal Valley Industrial Supply, Inc. Apparatus for starting an engine
US10605218B2 (en) * 2013-03-13 2020-03-31 Borgwarner Inc. Starter

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2442346A1 (fr) * 1978-11-21 1980-06-20 Paris & Du Rhone Mecanisme d'embrayage pour lanceur de demarreur de moteur a combustion interne

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2554445A (en) * 1949-11-18 1951-05-22 Bendix Aviat Corp Engine starter gearing
US3140617A (en) * 1962-08-22 1964-07-14 Jean A Palmer Engine starting apparatus

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2554445A (en) * 1949-11-18 1951-05-22 Bendix Aviat Corp Engine starter gearing
US3140617A (en) * 1962-08-22 1964-07-14 Jean A Palmer Engine starting apparatus

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4114746A (en) * 1976-05-18 1978-09-19 Sawafuji Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Overrunning clutch device for engine starting unit
US4322985A (en) * 1980-03-20 1982-04-06 Facet Enterprises, Inc. Engine starter with an overrunning clutch device
US4353335A (en) * 1980-03-20 1982-10-12 Farymann Diesel Gmbh Hand starting mechanism for an internal combustion engine
FR2681382A1 (fr) * 1991-09-17 1993-03-19 Valeo Equip Electr Moteur Lanceur de demarreur pour moteur a combustion interne.
EP1039619A2 (de) * 1999-03-24 2000-09-27 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Anlasser/Generator für eine Viertaktbrennkraftmaschine
EP1039619A3 (de) * 1999-03-24 2003-03-19 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Anlasser/Generator für eine Viertaktbrennkraftmaschine
US20030131817A1 (en) * 2001-06-29 2003-07-17 Gerard Vilou Motor vehicle starter with improved starter drive assembly
US20040129096A1 (en) * 2001-06-29 2004-07-08 Gerard Vilou Motor vehicle starter with improved drive assembly
US7302870B2 (en) * 2001-06-29 2007-12-04 Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur Motor vehicle starter with improved starter drive assembly
US20110308341A1 (en) * 2010-06-18 2011-12-22 Cardinal Valley Industrial Supply, Inc. Apparatus for starting an engine
US8596155B2 (en) * 2010-06-18 2013-12-03 Cardinal Valley Industrial Supply, Inc. Apparatus for starting an engine
US10605218B2 (en) * 2013-03-13 2020-03-31 Borgwarner Inc. Starter

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS4833293B1 (de) 1973-10-13
DE1931582A1 (de) 1971-01-07
GB1264064A (en) 1972-02-16
AU1661170A (en) 1971-12-23
ES380980A1 (es) 1972-10-16
FR2048487A5 (de) 1971-03-19

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