US3641318A - Record medium and a method for storage of information - Google Patents

Record medium and a method for storage of information Download PDF

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Publication number
US3641318A
US3641318A US818760A US3641318DA US3641318A US 3641318 A US3641318 A US 3641318A US 818760 A US818760 A US 818760A US 3641318D A US3641318D A US 3641318DA US 3641318 A US3641318 A US 3641318A
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United States
Prior art keywords
electrodes
hole
walls
holes
information
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Expired - Lifetime
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US818760A
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English (en)
Inventor
Gunnar Tolle
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Individual
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Individual
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K1/00—Methods or arrangements for marking the record carrier in digital fashion
    • G06K1/12—Methods or arrangements for marking the record carrier in digital fashion otherwise than by punching
    • G06K1/128—Methods or arrangements for marking the record carrier in digital fashion otherwise than by punching by electric registration, e.g. electrolytic, spark erosion
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
    • G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
    • G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a record carrying medium and a method for storing information by means of such a record carrier.
  • the record carrier according to the invention comprises a plate of dielectric material which has a number of holes disposed in predetermined p. itions and the walls of which have been made electrically conductive while the remainder of the plate is electrically nonconductive.
  • the plate may also have holes whose walls are nonconductive but which can be made conductive.
  • the conductive walls are produced by means of an electric discharge through a predisposed hole with nonconducting walls in such a manner that the material of the walls of the hole, under the influence of the heat generated during the discharge, is changed by being carbonized (in the instance when it comprises organic material) so that it becomes conducting, or by causing, during the electric discharge, a portion of the material of the electrodes used in creating the discharge to vaporize and settle on the walls of the hole as an electrically conducting coating, or by a combination of these two phenomena.
  • the holes having conducting walls may also be produced in a plate in which no holes are disposed, by creating a discharge straight through the material, whereupon a hole is formed simultaneously as its walls become conductive.
  • the method of the invention for storing information comprises the steps of providing a plate of dielectric material with at least one hole at a predetermined position and simultaneously therewith, or at a later stage, making the walls of at least one hole conductive by creating an electric discharge between electrodes mounted at the ends of the hole, said discharge being sufficient to carbonize the material in the walls of the hole and/or to deposit conductive material from the electrodes on said walls.
  • Electrodes which are mounted at the hole to be read or at some other location on the plate where a hole can be disposed.
  • a voltage which is insufficient to cause a discharge but which is sufi'rcient to enable a current to pass through a hole whose walls are conductive is placed cross the electrodes.
  • This current can be read on an ampere meter or other current measuring device, or can be used to give a signal to a device whose activity is to be controlled by the record carrier. If the electrodes are mounted at a hole having nonconducting walls or at a location where no hole is present no current will pass.
  • the method and record carrier of the invention are particularly intended for storing digital information.
  • a marked hole i.e., a hole having conducting walls, can signify one of the digits 1 and 0, whereas an unmarked hole (or a location without a hole) signifies its complement.
  • the method and record carrier can also be used for storing analogue information. In this instance the amount of current in the discharge when marking can be varied so that different degrees of conductivity are obtained in different holes. When reading, difi'erent current strengths are then obtained for different holes.
  • the record carrier may be made of any type of organic material which can be carbonized to a sufficient extent by an electric discharge.
  • organic material examples include paper, cardboard, different types of plastic materials, such as thermoplastics, e.g. polyvinyl chloride, and therrnosetting resins, e.g. phenolforrnaldehyde plastics, carbamide plastics. Laminated material can also be used.
  • thermoplastics e.g. polyvinyl chloride
  • therrnosetting resins e.g. phenolforrnaldehyde plastics, carbamide plastics.
  • Laminated material can also be used.
  • inorganic materials may also be used, such as ceramic material or glass.
  • An appropriate electrode material in this case is gold. Tungsten is suitable in other cases.
  • the thickness of the plate may be from 0.1 to 5 mm. or more.
  • the size of the holes may be from 0.1 to 5 mm. suitably 0.5-1 mm. in diameter.
  • the holes may be round or square or of an other cross section. For instance, they may be grooved to make marking clearer.
  • the word plate does not necessarily mean a planar object.
  • the plate if desired, may be curved and may have any desired shape, such as square, rectangular or round.
  • a record carrier according to the invention and a device for storing (or reading) information are shown diagrammatically on the accompanying drawing.
  • the drawing shows a plate 1 of dielectric material, selected from one of the examples above.
  • the thickness of the plate has been exaggerated in the drawing and in the exemplary embodiment is provided with three holes, of which three 2, 3, 4 are shown.
  • Two electrodes 5, 6 are shown positioned one on either side of the hole 2, although not in electric contact with each other.
  • the electrodes are connected to a source of current, indicated at 7, which gives sufficient voltage to create a discharge between the electrodes, resulting in carbonization of the material in the hole walls or deposition of electrode material thereon, so that an electrically conducting layer is formed, as is shown at 8 in hole 3.
  • the hole 4 is an unchanged hole.
  • Reading is effected in a device of principally the same type, although in this instance the voltage is kept at such a low level that no discharge is created, but that current passes through the layer 8 when the electrodes are positioned at a hole, such as the hole 3.
  • the strength of the current can be read on the ampere meter 9.
  • all that is required is to differentiate between the instances when a current is obtained (the hole 3) and those instances when no current is obtained (when the electrodes are positioned at a hole such as 4).
  • the current strength illustrates the conducting ability imparted to the hole.
  • the current obtained can'be used as a signal which initiates a certain function of an apparatus or machine which is to be controlled by the record carrier.
  • the requisite voltage during marking and reading is dependent on such factors as the thickness of the plate, the material of the plate, the size of the holes and electrode material, which factors can easily be established by one having normal skill in the art.
  • a system of electrodes for contemporaneous marking of a given number of holes in a specific pattern according to a certain code and for corresponding reading of the information.
  • the record carrier can also be used in such a way that when an unmarked hole (or an unmarked hole location) is sensed and thereby a certain function initiated, the same hole may then be immediately marked by increasing the voltage between the electrodes so that a discharge is created with the aforementioned result.
  • a record carrier of the invention is an identity or authorization card which shows that the owner has a prerogative which, however, can only be availed upon for a limited extent within a given period of time.
  • such a record carrier can be used for controlling automatic banknote machines in banks.
  • Clients of the bank shall enjoy the privilege of withdrawing a certain sum from such an automatic banknote machine when necessary. Consequently, it is desirable from the point of view of the bank that no client can avail himself of this privilege more than, for instance, once in every 24 hours.
  • This can be arranged simply by providing the clients of the bank with an authorization card in the form of a record carrier of the invention and the automatic banknote machine with a correspondir g marking and reading device, which initiates the activity of the machine only if the location on the card which corresponds to the actual date is unmarked, and which in immediate conjunction therewith marks the location so that the card cannot be used for removal of a new sum until the following day.
  • a method of storing and reading information on a plate of dielectric material which comprises the steps of providing an arrangement of holes in predetermined location on the dielectric material;

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Credit Cards Or The Like (AREA)
  • Duplication Or Marking (AREA)
US818760A 1968-04-29 1969-04-23 Record medium and a method for storage of information Expired - Lifetime US3641318A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE05308/68A SE346866B (enExample) 1968-04-29 1968-04-29

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3641318A true US3641318A (en) 1972-02-08

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ID=20267284

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US818760A Expired - Lifetime US3641318A (en) 1968-04-29 1969-04-23 Record medium and a method for storage of information

Country Status (3)

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US (1) US3641318A (enExample)
DE (1) DE1921875A1 (enExample)
SE (1) SE346866B (enExample)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3717852A (en) * 1971-09-17 1973-02-20 Ibm Electronically rewritable read-only memory using via connections
US3835301A (en) * 1973-02-21 1974-09-10 Helert P Card coding and read-out system
US4606955A (en) * 1985-06-18 1986-08-19 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Conductive pyrolyzed dielectrics and articles made therefrom
EP0920687A4 (en) * 1996-08-26 2000-05-31 Addison High Tech Inc INFORMATION STORAGE AND IDENTIFICATION LABEL
US7633378B2 (en) 1998-06-02 2009-12-15 Rf Code, Inc. Object identification system with adaptive transceivers and methods of operation

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1573174A (en) * 1926-02-16 Record-forming device
US3091754A (en) * 1958-05-08 1963-05-28 Nazare Edgar Henri Electric memory device
US3183518A (en) * 1961-12-04 1965-05-11 Ibm Record perforating apparatus
US3373270A (en) * 1959-06-10 1968-03-12 Berkeley Instr System, apparatus and method for recording and sensing
US3446943A (en) * 1964-06-04 1969-05-27 Bosch Gmbh Robert Information storing apparatus

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1573174A (en) * 1926-02-16 Record-forming device
US3091754A (en) * 1958-05-08 1963-05-28 Nazare Edgar Henri Electric memory device
US3373270A (en) * 1959-06-10 1968-03-12 Berkeley Instr System, apparatus and method for recording and sensing
US3183518A (en) * 1961-12-04 1965-05-11 Ibm Record perforating apparatus
US3446943A (en) * 1964-06-04 1969-05-27 Bosch Gmbh Robert Information storing apparatus

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3717852A (en) * 1971-09-17 1973-02-20 Ibm Electronically rewritable read-only memory using via connections
US3835301A (en) * 1973-02-21 1974-09-10 Helert P Card coding and read-out system
US4606955A (en) * 1985-06-18 1986-08-19 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Conductive pyrolyzed dielectrics and articles made therefrom
EP0206736A3 (en) * 1985-06-18 1987-09-23 E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Conductive pyrolyzed dielectrics and articles made therefrom
EP0920687A4 (en) * 1996-08-26 2000-05-31 Addison High Tech Inc INFORMATION STORAGE AND IDENTIFICATION LABEL
JP3388758B2 (ja) 1996-08-26 2003-03-24 アールエフ コード インコーポレイテッド 無線周波数識別デバイスおよびその識別を決定する方法
US7633378B2 (en) 1998-06-02 2009-12-15 Rf Code, Inc. Object identification system with adaptive transceivers and methods of operation

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE346866B (enExample) 1972-07-17
DE1921875A1 (de) 1969-11-20

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