US3634621A - Multipersistence display arrangement - Google Patents

Multipersistence display arrangement Download PDF

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Publication number
US3634621A
US3634621A US882071A US3634621DA US3634621A US 3634621 A US3634621 A US 3634621A US 882071 A US882071 A US 882071A US 3634621D A US3634621D A US 3634621DA US 3634621 A US3634621 A US 3634621A
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United States
Prior art keywords
layer
image
ultraviolet
visible
panel
Prior art date
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Expired - Lifetime
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US882071A
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English (en)
Inventor
Euval S Barrekette
Herbert B Baskin
Benjamin Kazan
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International Business Machines Corp
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International Business Machines Corp
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J29/00—Details of cathode-ray tubes or of electron-beam tubes of the types covered by group H01J31/00
    • H01J29/02—Electrodes; Screens; Mounting, supporting, spacing or insulating thereof
    • H01J29/10—Screens on or from which an image or pattern is formed, picked up, converted or stored
    • H01J29/18—Luminescent screens
    • H01J29/187—Luminescent screens screens with more than one luminescent material (as mixtures for the treatment of the screens)
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J29/00—Details of cathode-ray tubes or of electron-beam tubes of the types covered by group H01J31/00
    • H01J29/02—Electrodes; Screens; Mounting, supporting, spacing or insulating thereof
    • H01J29/10—Screens on or from which an image or pattern is formed, picked up, converted or stored
    • H01J29/18—Luminescent screens
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J31/00—Cathode ray tubes; Electron beam tubes
    • H01J31/08—Cathode ray tubes; Electron beam tubes having a screen on or from which an image or pattern is formed, picked up, converted, or stored
    • H01J31/10—Image or pattern display tubes, i.e. having electrical input and optical output; Flying-spot tubes for scanning purposes
    • H01J31/12—Image or pattern display tubes, i.e. having electrical input and optical output; Flying-spot tubes for scanning purposes with luminescent screen
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J31/00—Cathode ray tubes; Electron beam tubes
    • H01J31/08—Cathode ray tubes; Electron beam tubes having a screen on or from which an image or pattern is formed, picked up, converted, or stored
    • H01J31/10—Image or pattern display tubes, i.e. having electrical input and optical output; Flying-spot tubes for scanning purposes
    • H01J31/12—Image or pattern display tubes, i.e. having electrical input and optical output; Flying-spot tubes for scanning purposes with luminescent screen
    • H01J31/122—Direct viewing storage tubes without storage grid
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B33/00—Electroluminescent light sources
    • H05B33/12—Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces

Definitions

  • a multipersistence display device which comprises a cathode-ray tube whose faceplate is coated and higher voltage causing the electron beam to excite the ultraviolet phosphor layer.
  • An image-storage panel is included for storing the ultraviolet image which is produced when the ultraviolet phosphor layer is excited.
  • An optical image system is provided for projecting images appearing on the screen of the cathode-ray tube onto the image-storage panel.
  • SWITCH CONTROL /-46 ATTORNEY This invention relates to display devices. More particularly, it relates to improved display devices capable of producing multipersistence displays.
  • the display devices in current use can be generally categorized as of two types.
  • a first of these types is the display device which depends on regenerative displays, this type of device generally being a cathode-ray tube, lightbulb, etc., that requires signals to be continuously or repetitively fed to it in order to maintain a consistent and flicker free display.
  • the second of these types is based upon those display technologies that have intrinsic storage capability in the display medium itself, an example of a device based upon such display technology being a storage cathode-ray tube.
  • a solid-state image panel which is capable of producing a stored luminescent image.
  • This panel comprises a glass plate support whose surface is provided with a set of transparent conducting lines alternate ones of these lines being connected together to form an interdigitaling system with AC voltage being applied across the two sets of the line.
  • the surface of the glass is coated with a layer of an electroluminescent phosphor which in turn is coated with a thin layer of zinc oxide powder.
  • the zinc oxide layer serves as a control and storage purpose medi-
  • the exposed zinc oxide surface is first uniformly corona charged to a negative potential to reduce its conductivity and erase old information thereon. Thereafter, the panel is exposed to an optical image which discharges local areas to produce a stored charge pattern on the zinc oxide surface. In accordance with this stored charge pattern, a conductivity pattern is created in the zinc oxide layer which, in turn, controls the luminescent output of corresponding areas of the adjacent phosphor layer.
  • a display arrangement particularly of the program-controlled type widely used in interactive graphics and capable of displaying both dynamic and static data would be extremely valuable in that it would result in much lower central processor overhead due to resulting lowering of requirements for display generation. This, in turn, would lead to the capability of providing more displays for a given size processor with a concomitant saving in communication with remote terminals.
  • a multipersistence display arrangement comprising a cathode-ray tube including means of generating an electron beam therein and a faceplate to support a screen therefor. n the inner surface of the faceplate, there is provided a layer of phosphor-emitting ultraviolet radiation. On the ultraviolet phosphor layer, there is disposed a phosphor layer-emitting visible light.
  • a source for providing an anode voltage to the tube is included and means are also included for selectively applying a first and higher and a second and lower voltage between the anode and cathode of the tube. The application of the higher voltage causes the electron beam to penetrate the visible-emitting phosphor and excite the ultraviolet-emitting phosphor layer, while the application of the lower voltage causes the electron beam to excite the.
  • An image-storage panel is provided for storing an ultraviolet image therein and optical means are included for imaging a radiation pattern as generated at the screen onto the panel which is stored and converted into a visible image if an ultraviolet image is generated by the cathode-ray tube.
  • FIG. 1 is a depiction and cross section of an image-storage panel as described hereinabove in the Kazan and Winslow publication;
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram of an illustrative embodiment of a display arrangement constructed in accordance with the principles of the invention, and utilizing the panel shown in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 1 there is shown an embodiment of the imagestorage panel 10 disclosed in the above-mentioned publication.
  • the panel suitably comprises a plate 12 of glass or other light transparent insulating material.
  • filmstrips of a light-transparent conductive coating 14 of tin oxide or other suitable conducting material Applied to one surface of plate 12 are filmstrips of a light-transparent conductive coating 14 of tin oxide or other suitable conducting material, support plate 12 being coated with about 50 lines per inch of conductive film strip 14.
  • a layer of an electroluminescent (EL) material 16 is provided on support plate 12 over conductive filmstrip l4, layer 16 being uniformly distributed over support plate 12 as a film about 1 to 2 mils-thick.
  • EL electroluminescent
  • a suitable material for layer 16 is one that emits light in the visible range of the electromagnetic spectrum, consisting, for example, of ZnS activated with copper and chlorine.
  • a layer 18 of a photoconductive material which is sensitive to wavelengths shorter than that of visible light is uniformly disposed over electroluminescent layer 16, layer 18 comprising, for example, a photoconductive material such as zinc oxide.
  • the alternate transparent conductive film strips 14 are connected to the leads 20 and 22, which are excited with AC voltage from source 24.
  • current supplied by leads 20 and 22 flows through a conductive filmstrip 14 through electroluminescent layer 16, above the strip, across the photoconductive material layer 18 and back through to the adjacent phosphor and conductive strip 14.
  • Approximately 1 cm. from panel 10 is a set of fine wires 19 about 1 mil in diameter and which are about 1 cm. apart.
  • panel 10 is erased by momentarily applying a negative voltage to wires 19 from a direct current source 26 by closing a switch 28, source 26 suitably being about 6 kv. Consequently, layer 18 becomes negatively charged by the corona emission from wires 19.
  • layer 18 comprises zinc oxide, for example, as a result of the application of the DC corona voltage, the surface charge is in the form of negative oxygen ions. Following this charging process, portions of the zinc oxide surface are discharged or neutralized by free holes generated when the ZnO is locally exposed to ultraviolet radiation.
  • the conductivity of photoconductive layer 18 is low due to the depletion of mobile charges by field-effect action of the surface charges.
  • the light output from the phosphor in these areas is thus low due to the limited current flow.
  • the conductivity of ZnO is relatively high.
  • the local current between strips 14 is now increased, causing light to be emitted from the corresponding area of phosphor material.
  • the surface of photoconductive layer 18 is corona charged to erase panel 10.
  • panel may be fabricated by coating a surface of a Pyrex glass plate with the tin oxide transparent conductive layer.
  • the tin oxide surface is then coated with a layer of a photoresist which is optically exposed through a suitable line mask to leave a pattern of photoresist lines after development.
  • the exposed tin oxide areas between the photoresist line are then etched away.
  • plate 12 is sprayed with an electroluminescent powder in an epoxy resin to provide layer 16 in a thickness of about 2 mils.
  • This layer 16 is then coated with a photoconductive layer such as zinc oxide which is less than 1 mil thick, the photoconductive powder being in a suitable binder.
  • Panels such as panel 10 have been fabricated in sizes up to 12x12 inches with conducting strips 14 on 20-mil centers and 10 mils wide.
  • a cathode-ray tube which comprises a glass envelope 3], an electron gun 32 with a cathode 31 for generating an electron writing beam, and
  • UV phosphor layer 34 Coated on the inner surface of the faceplate of tube 30 is a layer 34 of an ultraviolet-emitting (UV) phosphor such as, for example, P16. On UV phosphor layer 34, there'is disposed a layer of visible phosphor 36 such as type P1 or P31. This phosphor is in turn coated with a thin aluminum film 27 which is transparent to the cathode-ray beam.
  • the acceleration voltage for tube 30 is provided from the DC source 38 which is shown as being developed across a resistance 40.
  • the anode voltage for tube 30 can be taken from two points in source 38, across the bleeder resistor 40.
  • the position of a switch 41 determines whether the full voltage or lesser voltage from source 38 is applied between the cathode and screen of the tube.
  • Switch 41 although depicted as a mechanical switch for convenience of illustration, is actually an electronic switch, such switch being activated in response to the action of a stage 44 legended switch logic.
  • Switch logic stage 44 can suitably comprise digital logic. Such logic is well known in the art and no further description thereof is deemed necessary.
  • a control stage 46 is included in FIG. 2 to illustrate how the switch logic can be controlled by an independent control source.
  • control stage 46 can be the control system for an interactive graphics system and could be computer programmed to control a display device, an interfacing channel and the like.
  • the visible image appears on the screen of tube 30 which is seen through the opposite side 12 of panel 10 as depicted by the arrows pointed away therefrom. This image does not excite the panel, but is seen because of the translucent nature of the panel layers.
  • the ultraviolet image generated is projected onto panel 10 through optical system 48, causing the image to be stored on the panel through the action of its field-effect photoconductive layer. This image is rendered visible by the electroluminescent layer of panel 10 and can also be viewed through the transparent support plate 12.
  • nonstored dynamic information can be displayed using the lower accelerating voltage to excite phosphor layer 36, and a stored image can be created by using the higher accelerating voltage to excite UV phosphor layer
  • a stored image can be created by using the higher accelerating voltage to excite UV phosphor layer
  • other types of multicolor cathode-ray tubes can be used for generating an output image which can be electronically switched to emit either in the ultraviolet portion of the spectrum or in the visible.
  • a shadow-mask type of color cathode-ray tube can be used (A three-Gun Shadow- Mask Color Kinescope," by H. B. Law, Proc. of lRE, Vol. 39, Oct. ll,pp. 1186-1194).
  • the screen may consist of two sets of phosphor dots, one set emitting ultraviolet light and the other set emitting visible light such as green.
  • an ultraviolet or visible image may be generated depending on whether the input signals are fed to one gun or the other.
  • a multipersistence display arrangement comprising:
  • a cathode-ray tube including means for generating an electron beam therein and a faceplate to constitute a screen therefor;
  • optical means for imaging an image from said screen onto said panel to store said utraviolet image.
  • a multipersistence display arrangement as defined in claim 1 wherein said image-storage panel comprises:
  • said photoconductive material being chosen to be one which is sensitive to light wavelengths less than that of visible light
  • a layer of light transparent conductive material interposed between said support member and said visible electroluminescent material which upon the application of a voltage thereto establishes a potential across said photoconductive material layer and said visible electroluminescent material layer to render an image stored in said photoconductive layer visible by the consequent luminescing of said visible electroluminescent material, said image being viewable through said transparent panel support member, said image from said cathode-ray tube being imaged onto said photoconductive material layer.
  • a multipersistence display arrangement comprising:
  • a cathode-ray tube including means for generating an electron beam therein and a faceplate to constitute a screen therefor;
  • an image-storage panel for storing said ultravioletimage therein, said panel including a layer of photoconductive material which is sensitive to light wavelengths which are shorter than that of visible light;
  • optical means for imaging an image from said screen onto said panel to store said ultraviolet image in said photoconductive layer.
  • a multipersistence display arrangement as defined in claim 5 wherein said means for selectively applying said higher and lower voltages comprises switching means and wherein said arrangement is adapted to be controlled by control means, said control means determining the selection of said voltages through said switching means.

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  • Overhead Projectors And Projection Screens (AREA)
  • Vessels, Lead-In Wires, Accessory Apparatuses For Cathode-Ray Tubes (AREA)
  • Cathode-Ray Tubes And Fluorescent Screens For Display (AREA)
  • Devices For Indicating Variable Information By Combining Individual Elements (AREA)
  • Illuminated Signs And Luminous Advertising (AREA)
US882071A 1969-12-04 1969-12-04 Multipersistence display arrangement Expired - Lifetime US3634621A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US88207169A 1969-12-04 1969-12-04

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US3634621A true US3634621A (en) 1972-01-11

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JP (1) JPS5014851B1 (enrdf_load_html_response)
DE (1) DE2056203A1 (enrdf_load_html_response)
FR (1) FR2071775A5 (enrdf_load_html_response)
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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3896264A (en) * 1973-12-03 1975-07-22 Donald Reiser Long persistence display screen supplement to crt
FR2591357A1 (fr) * 1985-12-10 1987-06-12 Labo Electronique Physique Dispositif d'insolation pour la generation de masques

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3330990A (en) * 1964-09-08 1967-07-11 Polaroid Corp High voltage regulator-switch for bi-layer kinescope

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3330990A (en) * 1964-09-08 1967-07-11 Polaroid Corp High voltage regulator-switch for bi-layer kinescope

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
Proceedings of the IEEE, March 1968, Vol. 56, No. 3 pp. 285 295, by Kazan & Winslow, Image Storage Panels Based on Field Effect Control of Conductivity *
Proceedings of the IEEE, Nov. 1968, Vol. 56, No. 11 pp. 2057 2059, by Kazan & Foote A New Type of Field Effect Image Storage Panel with a Photoconductive Charging Layer *

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3896264A (en) * 1973-12-03 1975-07-22 Donald Reiser Long persistence display screen supplement to crt
FR2591357A1 (fr) * 1985-12-10 1987-06-12 Labo Electronique Physique Dispositif d'insolation pour la generation de masques
EP0228735A1 (fr) * 1985-12-10 1987-07-15 Laboratoires D'electronique Philips Dispositif d'insolation pour la génération de masques

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FR2071775A5 (enrdf_load_html_response) 1971-09-17
JPS5014851B1 (enrdf_load_html_response) 1975-05-30
GB1289404A (enrdf_load_html_response) 1972-09-20
DE2056203A1 (de) 1971-06-09

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