US3628508A - Waste-heat boilers and like gas/liquid heat transfer systems - Google Patents

Waste-heat boilers and like gas/liquid heat transfer systems Download PDF

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Publication number
US3628508A
US3628508A US887942A US3628508DA US3628508A US 3628508 A US3628508 A US 3628508A US 887942 A US887942 A US 887942A US 3628508D A US3628508D A US 3628508DA US 3628508 A US3628508 A US 3628508A
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wall means
housing
axially
outlet
axially extending
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US887942A
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English (en)
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Joachim Kummel
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Priority claimed from DE19681817002 external-priority patent/DE1817002C3/de
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
    • F22B1/02—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
    • F22B1/18—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines
    • F22B1/1838—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines the hot gas being under a high pressure, e.g. in chemical installations
    • F22B1/1846—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines the hot gas being under a high pressure, e.g. in chemical installations the hot gas being loaded with particles, e.g. waste heat boilers after a coal gasification plant

Definitions

  • a waste-heat boiler for use in a system having two units in tandem in the direction of gas flow and with at least one unit having a valved bypass, has a three-section cylindrical housing in which a plurality of heat-exchange pipes extend axially. At one housing end is a gas inlet and at the opposite end a gas outlet. An outer row of the pipes is welded together to form a gastight wall that defines an annular insulating chamber with the housing interior.
  • Another such circular row of pipes forms another wall having openings at each end near the inlet and outlet.
  • This other wall forms an annular gas chamber with the first-mentioned wall, in which chamber the rest of the pipes are located.
  • a central, axial bypass passage through the boiler is pipe-free and has a valve for blocking gas flow and forcing air through the other chamber.
  • the three housing sections are axially displaceable relative to one another and the two walls are similarly relatively displaceable, the outer wall being fixed to the top housing section.
  • the present invention relates to a gas-liquid heat-exchange unit and, more particularly, to a waste-heat boiler intended for use with cracking gases, power-plant combustion waste gases, power fluids and the like.
  • a waste-heat boiler generally consists of a cylindrical housing through which extremely hot, often in the neighborhood of 1,000 C., compressed gas is passed in which are mounted coils or other heat-exchanger means for absorbing the heat of the gas for use elsewhere. Water can be boiled with this heat and thence used as steam to run turbines or the like. Further more, the heat-exchange unit serves to lower the temperature of the gas upon which it operates to acceptable levels for other uses or for disposal.
  • waste-heat boiler systems may include two such boilers in tandem or series in the direction of gas flow, both of which can be provided with tube bundles or nests for the passage of water, but one of which is provided with a valved bypass for its tube nest.
  • a more specific object is to provide a waste-heat boiler which overcomes the above-mentioned disadvantages, i.e. which is easy to clean, whose heat-exchange rate can be easily regulated, which is readily assembled and taken apart, and which is relatively compact and inexpensive.
  • a unit having a hollow elongated housing having an upper outlet and a lower inlet.
  • First axially extending wall means consisting mainly of a ring of parallel pipes welded together in gastight relationship generally cylindrical defines with the interior of the housing a closed axial compartment which acts as an insulating zone for the boiler.
  • Each wall is formed by a respective member of a pair of coaxial, separable, but nested members. Means for passing liquid through both walls is provided in the form of the customary pumps and loads.
  • the boiler solves several problems in a surprisingly effective manner. It permits the adjustment of the heat-exchange rate by means of a valve which determines the proportion of the hot air which passes straight through the central bypass passage and the proportion diverted through the exterior heat-exchange chamber which is, according to another feature, provided with its own heat exchanger means in the form of axially extending pipes. Cleaning is easy since the housing, first wall, and second wall can be easily separated from each other by axially displacing them relative to each other.
  • the outer insulating chamber formed between the first wall and the: housing insulates well while adding no additional weight to the device.
  • FIG. 1 is an axial section through a boiler according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a similar section showing the boiler partially pulled apart for cleaning
  • FIGS. 3-5 are transverse sections taken along lines III-III, IV-IV and V-V respectively.
  • the boiler comprises basically an elongated, cylindrical housing 1 consisting of a base 17 formed with an inlet 16 and lined with refractory brick 19, a central wall section 6, and an upper endpiece 14 mounting a conduit 37 serving as outlet 15.
  • this housing 1 Within this housing 1 are a plurality of generally axially extending pipes 3 through which water is circulated via pumps as will be described below. Between the pipes 3 are spaces 2, and an empty central axial bypass passage 4 completely free of heat-exchanger pipes 3 extends up through the boiler.
  • the outer row of pipes 3, those most remote: from the housing axis A, are all longitudinally joined by welding so that they form a gastight wall 7.
  • feeder pipes 8 and 9 for the pipes 3 and the circular manifolds 13 for these pipes are in this closed annular compartment 38, the gas therein is cooled, thereby obviating any necessity oflining the housing 1 with insulation, the relatively cool gas in the compartment 38 serving very well as insulation.
  • the inner row of pipes 3 is similarly welded together to form a wall 33.
  • every other pipe is bent out at both the upper and lower ends of this wall 33 to form openings 12 through which gas can pass.
  • the conduit 37 is formed with two axially spaced sets of apertures 25 and 26 either of which can be blocked by a valve body in the form of a slider 5.
  • a control rod 24 mounts this slider 5 which is in the form ofa hollow cylindrical shell and is axially displaceable in the conduit 37.
  • the top 14 of the housing 1 is provided with a large hole through which pass feeder pipes 39 for the wall 33 and the conduit 37, its flange 40 defining an annular gap therewith.
  • a circular ring 22 of insulating material seals this gap.
  • the outwardly flared lower ends of the pipe array forming the wall 33 lead out through a potted seal 34 and through the ring 18 to join one of the manifolds 13.
  • a pump 29 and a load 30 are connected in series with the pipes of the wall 33 to pump water up through them, while a similar pump 31 in series with load 32 pumps water up through the wall 7 and the heatexchanger pipes 3 between walls 33 and 7.
  • the pipes 3 forming the wall 7 and in the space 10 between the wall 7 and the wall 33 are rigidly connected to the top 14 of the housing 1.
  • Bolts 35 hold the top 14 and the middle section 6 together while bolts 36 clamp the ring 18 and the base 17 of the housing together.
  • a boiler as described above can be used in either the upright or horizontal position, the former being generally preferred.
  • the waste-heat boiler herein described is advantageously used in series with a boiler having no valve and no bypass passage, such as that described in German Pat. No. 1,027,685.
  • the apparatus may be assembled by permanently mounting the outlet duct so that it remains axially fixed or setting this outlet duct in place so that its annular transverse flange 40 is as the location desired for the upper hood or dome 14 of the housing.
  • This dome or hood which carries the header 13a for the water tubes 3 of the outer chamber 2, is then urged axially upwardly (arrow B in FIG. 2), until its collar 60, having an inwardly turned edge 61, is in alignment with the flange 40, i.e., is coplanar therewith in a plane extending transversely to the axis of the device.
  • the intermediate section 6 of the housing which is cylindrical, may be urged axially upwardly (arrow C) to define with the wall 7 of welded pipe, the outermost compartment 38 in which the risers 8 and 9 are provided.
  • the bellows-type seals and 21, together with the gastight welding of the pipes 7 in contiguous relation (FIG. 3), ensure that compartment 38 will remain substantially free of the hot gases and is heated only by conduction.
  • bypass member of the assembly of coaxially nested bodies may be inserted axially upwardly with the space enclosed by the nest of spaced-apart tubes 3 to establish wall 33 of interconnected and gastight pipes forming the bypass channel.
  • the lower portion 23 of the outlet duct 15 extends axially into this bypass channel which is formed with a pair of ring-shaped discs 62, 63 which are welded to the inner wall 33 of the bypass passage and define a pair of axially aligned openings 64, 65 closely receiving the tube 15.
  • the bypass member of the assembly is axially advanced upwardly (arrow D) until the upper surface 66 of the heat-resistant potting compound 22, in which the header 13b is anchored, engages the underside 61 of the collar 60 and the underside 67 of the flange 40 to provide a seal between the bypass passage and the outlet tube 15 on the one hand and between the outer chamber 2 and the housing portion 14 on the other hand.
  • This operation moreover, brings the upper surface 68 of the potting mass 34 and the ring 18, in which the outwardly turned ends of the tubes of wall 33 are imbedded into engagement with the underside 69 of the flange 70 of intermediate housing portion 6 to form a gastight seal here as well.
  • the inlet tube or member 16, 17, 19 may be applied so that its flange 72 sealingly engages the underside 73 of the ring 18.
  • disassembly is in the opposite direction and the parts may be assembled and disassembled in the reverse manner.
  • the inlet member 16, 17, 19 will first be fixed and the bypass member seated thereon to be followed by intermediate housing portion 6, dome 14 and the associated pipes, and the outlet duct 15.
  • valve 5 When the valve 5 is closed, i.e., passages 26 are blocked, the gas entering through the inlet 16 flows in the direction of arrow E into the surrounding chamber and thence through the 1 latter (arrow F), in heat exchange with the tubes 3, finally emerging (arrow G) beyond the barriers 62 and 63 to flow into the outlet 15 through the windows 25.
  • the valve 5 When, however, the valve 5 is opened, the principal flow is via openings 26 (arrows H) into the outlet 15.
  • a gas-liquid heat-exchange unit comprising:
  • a hollow elongated housing having an inlet at one end and an outlet at the other end;
  • first axially extending annular wall means defining with the interior of said housing a closed axially extending annular compartment
  • second axially extending annular wall means within said first wall means and forming therewith an annular axially elongated chamber open at one end toward said inlet and at the other end toward said outlet, said second wall means forming an axially extending substantially central bypass passage having one end open toward said inlet and another end open toward said outlet, said wall means each being formed by a respective member of a pair of substantially coaxial axially relatively displaceable separable nested members;
  • valve means includes an axially displaceable slider displaceable into and out of a position blocking said gas flow.
  • a gas-liquid heat-exchange'unit comprising:
  • a hollow elongated housing having an inlet at one end and an outlet at the other end;
  • first axially extending annular wall means defining with the interior of said housing a closed axially extending annular compartment; second axially extending annular wall means within said first wall means and forming therewith an annular axially elongated chamber open at one end toward said inlet and at the other end toward said outlet, said second wall means forming an axially extending substantially central bypass passage having one end open toward said inlet and another end open toward said outlet, said wall means each being formed by a respective member of a pair of substantially coaxial separable nested members; means for passing liquid through both said wall means and valve means in said passage between the ends thereof for selectively blocking gas flow through said passage and thereby forcing gas to flow through said chamber; and
  • heat exchanger means in said chamber between said wall means.
  • a gas-liquid heat-exchange unit comprising:
  • a hollow elongated housing having an inlet at one end and an outlet at the other end;
  • first axially extending annular wall means defining with the interior of said housing a closed axially extending annular compartment
  • second axially extending annular wall means within said first wall means and forming therewith an annular axially elongated chamber open at one end toward said inlet and at the other end toward said outlet, said second wall means forming an axially extending substantially central bypass passage having one end open toward said inlet and another end open toward said outlet, said wall means each being formed by a respective member of a pair of substantially coaxial separable nested members;
  • said wall means each consisting of a plurality of axially extending conduits joined longitudinally.
  • a gas-liquid heat-exchange unit comprising:
  • a hollow elongated housing having an inlet at one end and an outlet at the other end;
  • first axially extending annular wall means defining with the interior of said housing a closed axially extending annular compartment
  • second axially extending annular wall means within said first wall means and forming therewith an annular axially elongated chamber open at one end toward said inlet and at the other end toward said outlet, said second wall means forming an axially extending substantially central bypass passage having one end open toward said inlet and another end open toward said outlet, said wall means each being formed by a respective member of a pair of substantially coaxial separable nested members;
  • said housing comprising a top section, a middle section, and a base section, all three said sections being axially displaceable relative to one another.
  • heat exchanger means including a plurality of axially extending pipes in said chamber between said walls, said outlet being a conduit extending axially into said passage, said valve means being in said conduit, said housing further comprising a ring between said middle section and said base section, said wall means each being a plurality of longitudinally joined pipes, the pipes of said second wall means extending out of said housing through said ring, said first wall means including a first substantially circular manifold received in said top section and a plurality of feeder pipes passing through said top section and extending substantially axially, said first wall means further including a substantially circular second manifold received in said top section surrounding said conduit and a substantially circular ring of insulating material, said second manifold being at least partially embedded in said ring block and said block tightly abutting said top section.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Control Of Steam Boilers And Waste-Gas Boilers (AREA)
US887942A 1968-12-24 1969-12-24 Waste-heat boilers and like gas/liquid heat transfer systems Expired - Lifetime US3628508A (en)

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DE19681817002 DE1817002C3 (de) 1968-12-24 Abhitzedampferzeuger

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Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4020797A (en) * 1975-05-07 1977-05-03 Ofag Ofenbau-Und Feuerungstechnik Ag Process and apparatus for using waste heat of refuse burning installations
US4377132A (en) * 1981-02-12 1983-03-22 Texaco Development Corp. Synthesis gas cooler and waste heat boiler
US5060601A (en) * 1989-03-28 1991-10-29 Maurice Vidalenq Water-tube boiler and a heating installation equipped with such a boiler
US20080282996A1 (en) * 2007-05-15 2008-11-20 Combustion & Energy Systems Ltd. Reverse-Flow Condensing Economizer And Heat Recovery Method
US20110035959A1 (en) * 2009-08-13 2011-02-17 Maguire Products, Inc. Gas flow rate determination method and apparatus and granular material dryer and method for control thereof
EP2838044A2 (fr) 2013-07-24 2015-02-18 Karl Storz Endoscopy-America, Inc. Système de contre-mesure de sécurité chirurgicale multidimensionnelle
US9291401B2 (en) 2014-02-24 2016-03-22 Combustion & Energy Systems Ltd. Split flow condensing economizer and heat recovery method
US10539366B2 (en) 2014-04-30 2020-01-21 Stephen B. Maguire Method and apparatus for vacuum drying granular resin material
US11203133B2 (en) 2018-04-04 2021-12-21 Novatec, Inc. Method and apparatus for polymer drying using inert gas
US11364657B2 (en) 2018-04-04 2022-06-21 Novatec, Inc. Reducing moisture in granular resin material using inert gas

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2840050A (en) * 1954-09-10 1958-06-24 Babcock & Wilcox Co Synthesis gas reactor with fluid cooled jacket for the reaction chamber
US2980081A (en) * 1958-02-11 1961-04-18 Atomic Energy Authority Uk Apparatus for the exchange of heat between fluids
GB869394A (en) * 1959-05-21 1961-05-31 Spanner Boilers Ltd Improvements in and relating to waste heat recovery boilers
FR1354149A (fr) * 1962-12-13 1964-03-06 Belge Stein & Roubaix Sa Perfectionnements apportés aux récupérateurs du type cheminée
US3254634A (en) * 1963-01-11 1966-06-07 Vorkauf Heinrich Water tube boiler for producing hot water or steam

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2840050A (en) * 1954-09-10 1958-06-24 Babcock & Wilcox Co Synthesis gas reactor with fluid cooled jacket for the reaction chamber
US2980081A (en) * 1958-02-11 1961-04-18 Atomic Energy Authority Uk Apparatus for the exchange of heat between fluids
GB869394A (en) * 1959-05-21 1961-05-31 Spanner Boilers Ltd Improvements in and relating to waste heat recovery boilers
FR1354149A (fr) * 1962-12-13 1964-03-06 Belge Stein & Roubaix Sa Perfectionnements apportés aux récupérateurs du type cheminée
US3254634A (en) * 1963-01-11 1966-06-07 Vorkauf Heinrich Water tube boiler for producing hot water or steam

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4020797A (en) * 1975-05-07 1977-05-03 Ofag Ofenbau-Und Feuerungstechnik Ag Process and apparatus for using waste heat of refuse burning installations
US4377132A (en) * 1981-02-12 1983-03-22 Texaco Development Corp. Synthesis gas cooler and waste heat boiler
US5060601A (en) * 1989-03-28 1991-10-29 Maurice Vidalenq Water-tube boiler and a heating installation equipped with such a boiler
US8006651B2 (en) 2007-05-15 2011-08-30 Combustion & Energy Systems Ltd. Reverse-flow condensing economizer and heat recovery method
WO2008138128A1 (fr) * 2007-05-15 2008-11-20 Combustion & Energy Systems Ltd. Économiseur à condensation à écoulement inverse et procédé de recupération de la chaleur
US20080282996A1 (en) * 2007-05-15 2008-11-20 Combustion & Energy Systems Ltd. Reverse-Flow Condensing Economizer And Heat Recovery Method
US20110035959A1 (en) * 2009-08-13 2011-02-17 Maguire Products, Inc. Gas flow rate determination method and apparatus and granular material dryer and method for control thereof
US8141270B2 (en) * 2009-08-13 2012-03-27 Maguire Products, Inc. Gas flow rate determination method and apparatus and granular material dryer and method for control thereof
EP2838044A2 (fr) 2013-07-24 2015-02-18 Karl Storz Endoscopy-America, Inc. Système de contre-mesure de sécurité chirurgicale multidimensionnelle
EP3026590A1 (fr) 2013-07-24 2016-06-01 Karl Storz Endoscopy-America, Inc. Système de contre-mesure de sécurité chirurgicale multidimensionnelle
US9291401B2 (en) 2014-02-24 2016-03-22 Combustion & Energy Systems Ltd. Split flow condensing economizer and heat recovery method
US10539366B2 (en) 2014-04-30 2020-01-21 Stephen B. Maguire Method and apparatus for vacuum drying granular resin material
US11203133B2 (en) 2018-04-04 2021-12-21 Novatec, Inc. Method and apparatus for polymer drying using inert gas
US11364657B2 (en) 2018-04-04 2022-06-21 Novatec, Inc. Reducing moisture in granular resin material using inert gas

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2026997A2 (fr) 1970-09-25
DE1817002A1 (de) 1970-06-18
FR2026997B2 (fr) 1974-08-09
DE1817002B2 (de) 1976-04-29

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