US362620A - hauschel - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

T. HAUSOHEL.

, APPARATUS'FOR DYEING, 8w. No. 362,620. Patented May 10. 1887.

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v UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

THEODORE HAUSOHEL, OF REIMS, FRANCE.

APPARATUS FOR DYEING, 80c.

SPECIFICATION forming" part of Letters Patent No.362,620, dated May 10, 1887.

Application filed January 5, 1887. Serial No. 223,430. (No model.) Patented in France August 22, 1884, No. 163,899; in Bel gium August 22,1884, No. 66,093; in Italy September 30, 1884, No.17,300; in Austria-Hungary July 3, 1885, No. 19,755 and No. 33,632, and in England June 522, 1886, No. 8,249.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, THEODORE HAUSUHEL, a citizen of the French Republic, residing at Reims,in said Republic, have invented new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for Dyeing, Carbonizing, and Drying Textile Materials, of which the following is a specification, reference being bad to the accompanying drawings.

The object of this invention is to provide an apparatus for the washing, the carbonization, the maceration, and the dyeing of wool, cotton, and other textile materials by which an easy and rapid manipulation is provided for and the loss of coloring-matters after each operation, when the following operation requires adifterent color, is obviated.

Theapparatuswhich embodies myimprovements effects the dyeing by a continuous passage of the dye-stuffs through the fabrics by means of asystem of pumps, vats, andcanalizatiou, forming a battery. By the simple operation of cocks or gates the different dye- .stuifs are caused to pass through the fabrics,

the dye-stuffs being supplied from different vats,which recover them after their employment. By this means I effect in a very simple and rapid manner, and without loss of colors, all that is effected by the more or less complicated and costly manipulations in use up to the present time in this kind of industry.

The detailed description which follows will enable, by the aid of the accompanying drawings, the construction and operation of my invention to be understood. 7

Figure 1 represents a vertical section of a complete apparatus. Fig. 2 represents a central longitudinal section of one of the perforated tubes which form canals. Fig. 2 represents atransverse section of the said tube; Fig. 2, a longitudinal view of the plunger with which said tube is fitted. Fig. 3 is a plan of a device for working the said plunger. Fig. 3 is a central section corresponding with Fig. 3. Fig. 4 represents a modification of a part of the apparatus employed in case of the dyeing of raw or uucarded products, and Fig. 5 is a plan view corresponding with Fig. 4.

Similar letters of reference-designate correspondmg parts in all the figures.

My apparatus is composed of the following I organs:

First. A series of vats, A A, with valve at their bottom. serving for the preparation of different tinctorial products and arranged symmetrically with relation to'the general axis of the battery, the center of which is the pump B.

Second. Two other vats, O 0, like the first named, but of a larger capacity, placed on each side of the pump and communicating with it by means of tubes D, furnished with cocks E and FF.

Third. A tank, F, placed at a lower level than the vats hereinabove'mentioned and furnished with a draining-well, into which dips a tube, D, furnished with a cock, E, which puts it in communication with the pump.

Fourth. Two other tanks,G G, placed above the vats O C, and throughthebottoms of which pass branches of the tube D, these tanks G G being furnished each with two orifices with cocks or gates, of which one communicates by the tubes K K, furnished with cocks K* K* with the vats O O, and the other by the canals L L and the tubes M M, furnished each with cocks, with the several vats A A. Each of the tanks G G contains a tube, V or V, passing through its bottom, said tubes being branches of the tubes K K and their upper open ends being arranged at the highest level that the liquors should reach inthe tanks G G.

Fifth. The two series of perforated tubes H, of which there may be any number, furnished internally with asystem of special stoppe rs, I, and forming beams upon which are directly wound the textile matters to be dyed these perforated tubes, represented on a larger scale inFig. 2, being divided longitudinally or constructed of two semi cylindrical parts bound together by rings or bands J, and the perforations being conical in order to provide for the easy cleaning of the apparatus, a system of bayonet-joints, X, permitting their bein g rapidly attached to branches of the tube D.

Sixth. These stoppers I have for their purpose the limiting of the level to which the dyestufis may enter into the tubes H, according to the height to which the fabrics are wound upon the said tubes. The said stoppers have each formed on its lower part a metallic cone, 0, fitted with a cup-packing of felt, (I, which is held in place by the same in a fixed position between a collar, f, and a nut, e. The upper part of the stem of the stopper is furnished for acertain length with a screw-thread,which is fitted toa nut, b,which is fitted to turn freely, but confined lengthwise within a yoke, A, articulated to a plate, S, which serves to compress the fabric to each perforated tube or beam H. These screw-threads and nuts serve to regulate at will the height of the stoppers.

Seventh. Two canals, N N, to permit the descent of the contentsof the vats A A, placed above them, into the tank F.

Eighth. The pump B, which communicates by the conduits E and cocks E E E E with the tanks F O C and the tubes H, causing the liquors in these tanks to circulate through the tubes H, and consequently through the fabrics which are wound thereon.

Ninth. Awaterconduit,O,runningthewhole length of the apparatus, is intended to feed the different vats hereinabove described.

Tenth. A steam-pipe for heating the different vats A A O O.

Eleventh. A connection with the conduits D, permitting the sending, for the purpose of earbonization, of a current of hot air through the perforated tubes, and consequently through the textile materials.

Twelfth. Two tubes, \V V, furnished with cocks \V XV and abutting, respectively, at one end between the cooks E U E U and at the other end near the cooks E E Thirteenth. A curved tube, X, provided with a cock, X, and with a joint, Y, which permits it to turn in such manner that it may debouch either in the rat G or G.

The operation of this apparatus is performed as follows: The perforated tubes H are first placed in a loom or in awinding-maehine, and have therein rolled upon them the materials to be dyed in such a manner as to form one or more distinct bobbins separated by washers of felt placed between them, and against the latter is placed the plate S, represented in Fig. 3, to tighten them up together, either by means of wedges or in any other manner, against each other. This having been done, if the quantity of material to be treated is not sufir cient to cover the whole height of the tube. the position of the stoppers I is so adjusted that the liquid which will penetrate into the tubes H cannot rise above the level ofthe material wound thereon. Then these tubes are attached to the branches of the tube D, which debouch into the tanks G G by means of a bayonet-joint. The exterior of the surface of the material wound on the tube H is free and not inclosed, as in other apparatus for the same purpose, in perforated metallic envelopes, which have the bad effect at the moment of the passage of the coloring-matters to deteriorate the fibres treated.

During the winding of the material about the tubes H the different dyes which are to be used may be prepared in the vats A A, and when one of them is needed, the valve of that one of the said vats corresponding with this dye is opened. The contents of the said vat then descend into the tank F, and the pump causes them to circulate through the material, either by traversing the interior of the tubes H towards the exterior of the wound matters or, on the contrary, from the exterior of the wound matters toward the interior of the tubes H, and in both cases by turning the pump in one direction or the other by the simple employment of cocks. This arrangement permits the dyeing of the same materials successively by the two processes, in order to have a perfectly uniform dye throughout the whole thickness of the mass.

Only one of the two series of tubes H, with the material to be dyed wound upon it, is in process of dyeing, while the other is having the material wound upon it, and thereby a continuous operation is provided for. Suppose that the series of tubes H placed at the right of the pump is in process of dyeing, while the other series is in preparation. I then open the cocks E E E and the valve of the tube K, and I close E Eand the valve of the canal L, as well as the cocks \V V X, and K The pump B will then draw the dye from the drain-well of the tank F and force it through the tubes H, causing it to filter through the material wound upon the said tubes, whence it will desccnd,first, through the tank G, filling it up to the upper level of the tube V, and escaping by the latter into the vat C. At this moment the cock E is closed, and the valve at the bottom of 0 being closed the die will then be drawn by the pump by passing through the cock E and the dye will continue to circulate in a continuous manner until it is judged convenient to arrest the circulation t. (2., until the materials have the tint required.

During the treatment above described the series of tubes H on the left have been rewound with materials to be dyed and are replaced in the tank G. Then I close the cock E, I open E and E, I close K, and cause the passage of the dye contained in the vat 0 through the tubes H on the left. Once this vat is emptied I close E, and the circulation of the dye is effected through the conduit sys' tem D of the tubes H of the vat C on the left, in the same manner as has been described with reference to the vessels on the right. To completely empty the tanks G G it is only necessary to open the cocks K and 1G".

\Vhcn after one operation more dye is wanted, what had been previously prepared having been absorbed by the passage through the tubes H and material wound thereon, new dye may be prepared directly in the vats G G, if it is desired to continue the use of the same color. These vats, termed extractors, serve also IIC for the direct preparation of the dyes every time it is desired to obtain them from dye woods. In such case I place in the middle of the vats O 0 one or more little perforated vats filled with dye-stuff. These vats are supported in such manner as not to touch the walls of the vats O O. The current of dye, which circulates as I have hereinabove described, passes continually around and through these small vats containing the dye-woods and takes up, as fast as its successive passages are made, a more or less deep color, which is in excellent condition to obtain a good dyeing of the materials under treatment.

When it is desired to change the dye, the dye-liquor, which is no more required to be used, is collected in the vat intended for that color, by closing the cock of the tube K or K, and opening that of the canal L or L and that of the tube M or M, corresponding with the said vat. I then cause the new dye to be employed to be delivered from one of the vats A Ainto the tank F, as has been hereinabove described, and the operations are repeated in the same manner.

In those cases in which, instead of having to dye woven or carded materials, it is desired to treat raw fibers or products, instead of fixing the tubes H of each branch on the tubes I), I employ the apparatus represented in Figs. 4 and 5. This apparatus is composed of a circular box, Q, upon which rests a movable plate,E, through which pass tubes H, with internal stoppers like those before described, and of which there may be any convenient number and held in place by a bayonet-en gagement with openings in the top of the circular bOX Q. To pack the raw material between these tubes H, I place upon the plate I a movable hollow cylinder, V, having its sides perforated with numerous holes. I then stuff into this cylinder, around and between the. tubes H, the materials to be dyed, and afterward place above them the cover S, and sub ject the whole to the action of apress. Then, by means of bars passing through the holes in the cylinder, I retain the compression of the matter while I withdraw the cover S andpack in a new quantity of material, repeating the operation as often as is necessary, until the tubes H are surrounded throughout their whole height with the products to be operated upon. I then withdraw the metallic cylinder V, the cover S being maintained attached by means of hooks to the plate 1?. I have on this plate a cylinder of compressed matter through which pass a number of perforated tubes, H. The operation of dyeing is then performed as I have above described in the case of woven or carded matters, arranged by winding upon the tubes H, as shown in Fig. 1.

It may be understood from the foregoing description how, either in the case of woven or carded fabrics wound upon the tubes H, and in the case of raw materials, I effect the dyeing by a current of liquid dye traversing the fabrics or material from the inside to the outside. hen it is desired, on the contrary, to dye by a current passing through the mate rial from the outside to the inside, I operate in the following manner: Suppose I operate with the tubes H on .the right-hand side of the pump. The cocks E, W and E are closed to shut off the tubes H on the left. The cock E E according as it is desired to use the color in the tank F or vat O, is opened. The cock X is opened. The cocks E, U, and W* are closed at the beginning of the operation. When the pump has supplied, by the tube X, sufficient dye-liquor into the tank G to nearly fill it, I close the cock E E", which was at first open. Then I open the cooks U"W* and the dye-liquors circulate then in a closed cycle, which is as follows: The vat G, the tube D, the cock U, and the tube W W, and are then drawn from the vat by the pump through the vertical tube D, and the liquors so drawn are forced through the tnbeXto be returned to the tank G. It will be readily understood that this operation maybe performed through the other vat, G, in the same manner, by opening and closing the proper cocks.

\Vhat I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The combination, with the tankG or G and the perforated tubes H therein, of adj ustable stoppers in saidtubes for shutting off a portion of their length, as and for the purpose herein set forth. I I

2. The combination, with a tank, as G or G, and its contained perforated tubes H, of the pump B and its pipes D, WV, W, and X Y, for the purpose of delivering liquor to the said tank outside of the said tubes and taking it therefrom through the perforations of said tubes, substantially as herein described.

3. The combination, with a plurality of tanks, G G, furnished with perforated tubes H, a pump, and connections with the bottoms of the said tubes for drawing liquor through them from either of said tanks and cooks for closing said connections with either tank, of a swinging delivery-pipe, X Y, for producing the delivery of the liquor to either tank, substantially as herein described.

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

, THEODORE HAUSOHEL. \Vitnesses:

J. SANTET, RoB'r. M. HOOPER.

ICO

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