US3621477A - Three-port circulator comprising only two crossing coils - Google Patents

Three-port circulator comprising only two crossing coils Download PDF

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Publication number
US3621477A
US3621477A US49392A US3621477DA US3621477A US 3621477 A US3621477 A US 3621477A US 49392 A US49392 A US 49392A US 3621477D A US3621477D A US 3621477DA US 3621477 A US3621477 A US 3621477A
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windings
disc
circulator
terminal
winding
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Expired - Lifetime
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US49392A
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English (en)
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Hendrik Bosma
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US Philips Corp
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US Philips Corp
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
    • H01P1/32—Non-reciprocal transmission devices
    • H01P1/38—Circulators
    • H01P1/383—Junction circulators, e.g. Y-circulators

Definitions

  • Trifari ABSTRACT Three-port circulator comprising only two windings crossing each other at right angles so that the number of stray capacitances as compared with existing circulators is reduced and the bandwidth is less restricted.
  • the invention relates to a three-port circulator comprising at least one disc-shaped, ferromagnetic body prepolarized by a static magnetic field at right angles to the parallel major surfaces and comprising two windings located in intersecting planes parallel to the static magnetic field, said windings being coupled with the electromagnetic field in the disc and being connected to each other at one end and to connecting terminals at the other end.
  • Such a nonreciprocal device is connected by the connecting terminals to transmission lines.
  • reactive networks are provided, which provide on the one hand a real input impedance by tuning the inductances of the windings at the working frequency and on the other hand adapt these impedances to the desired level in the frequency range of maximum width.
  • Such a circulator is known, for example, from German Pat. application (D.A.S.). 1,259,421; said circulator comprises three windings whose winding planes intersect each other at angles of 120. These windings cross each other approximately at the center of the disc. At the area of the crossings on either side of the disc stray capacitances occur between the windings.
  • This construction comprising three crossing windings has the disadvantage that the number and the magnitude of these stray capacitances involve a restriction of the bandwidth of the circulator.
  • the circulator according to the invention mitigates this disadvantage because only one stray capacitance occurs, which can be readily kept at a low level because structural possibilities are less restricted.
  • the invention is characterized in that only two windings are provided, which cross each other at right angles approximately at the center of the disc, said windings being connected to each other at one end through a conductor along the edge of the disc, a third connecting terminal being provided approximately midway said conductor.
  • a nonreciprocal, electric coupling device having two orthogonally crossing windings is known, which windings are coupled by means of a magnetically prepolarised ferrite body, there being, however, a purely imaginary impedance coupled with the windings.
  • this device is driven at the ferromagnetic resonance of the ferrite. The purpose is to utilize the resonance of the electron spins in the ferrite and no use is made of circuit resonance (resonance of the reactive network with the inductance of the winding).
  • This device requires energy dissipation in the ferrite. Moreover, it comprises only one input terminal and one output terminal, so that it does not constitute a circulator but a unidirectional insulator.
  • F 16. 1 shows schematically a known circulator.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 show circulators according to the invention in a schematic view.
  • the known circulator shown in FIG. 1 comprises a discshaped, ferromagnetic body 4, which is prepolarised by a static magnetic field H.
  • the connecting terminals 1,2 and 3 are connected for example, via capacitor C to the windings W,, W and W which are represented in the F16. bythreequarter turns. These windings intersect each other at angles of 120", are interconnected at point p and cross each other approximately at the center of the disc.
  • the stray capacitance between the windings W, and W is designated by C that between W, and W by C and that between W and W by C13.
  • the circulator shown in FIG. 2 in accordance with the invention comprises two windings w, and W each formed by half a turn crossing each other at right angles approximately at the center of the disc and connected at one end through capacitors C to the connecting terminals 1 and 2 and at the other end to a conductor G, which follows the edge of the ferrite disc.
  • a third connecting terminal 3 is provided approximately midway the conductor G. From the FIG. it will be apparent that only one stray capacitance 0,, can occur between the windings. It can, in addition, be readily minimized because there are only two windings.
  • two orthogonal windings are used, which are coupled via the ferrite body.
  • the mutual inductance is thus determined solely by those proportionality factors which indicate the relation between the magnetic inductance in one direction and the magnetic field strength in the direction at right angles thereto.
  • capacitors are used the value of which is such that at the working frequency the series combination of a capacitor and the inductance is obtained.
  • more complicated circuits of reactive network elements may be employed for having the device matching the transmission lines in a wide frequency range.
  • the connecting terminals are closed by a real resistance value, for example, the characteristic impedance of the coaxial cable.
  • the value of this resistance and the magnitude of the nonreciprocal mutual coupling determined by the number of turns of each winding, the nature of the ferrite, the strength of the prepolarized magnetic field and the work frequency, are chosen to be equal.
  • the work frequency is chosen to be offset with respect to the ferromagnetic spin resonance. It is thus ensured at the same time that the pass attenuation can be kept low.
  • FlG. 3 shows a circulator according to the invention in a schematic view; the number of turns is an even-numbered multiple of half turns per winding. This has the advantage that the three connecting terminals are located on one side of the disc.
  • a three-port circulator comprising at least one discshaped, ferromagnetic body prepolarized at right angles to the parallel major faces by a static magnetic field and comprising two windings located in intersecting planes parallel to the static magnetic field and coupled with the electromagnetic field in the disc and connected to each other at one via a conductor following the edge of the disc end and coupled at the other end to connecting terminals said windings crossing each other at right angles approximately at the center of the disc, a third connecting terminal being provided approximately midway of said conductor.

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  • Non-Reversible Transmitting Devices (AREA)
US49392A 1969-07-02 1970-06-24 Three-port circulator comprising only two crossing coils Expired - Lifetime US3621477A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL6910116A NL6910116A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1969-07-02 1969-07-02

Publications (1)

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US3621477A true US3621477A (en) 1971-11-16

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US49392A Expired - Lifetime US3621477A (en) 1969-07-02 1970-06-24 Three-port circulator comprising only two crossing coils

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US (1) US3621477A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2050446B3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL6910116A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3789324A (en) * 1971-06-18 1974-01-29 Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co Lumped constant circulator
EP0779673A1 (en) * 1995-12-13 1997-06-18 Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Non-reciprocal circuit element
US5745014A (en) * 1995-07-31 1998-04-28 Murata Manufacturing Company, Ltd. Nonreciprocal circuit element
US6028495A (en) * 1996-10-11 2000-02-22 Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Magnetostatic-wave device
EP1076374A3 (en) * 1999-08-10 2002-09-04 Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Nonreciprocal circuit device, composite electronic component, and communication apparatus incorporating the same
US6819198B2 (en) * 2000-02-25 2004-11-16 Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Nonreciprocal circuit device and high-frequency circuit apparatus

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2944229A (en) * 1956-11-09 1960-07-05 Philips Corp Non-reciprocal electric coupling device
US3519957A (en) * 1968-09-27 1970-07-07 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Tunable nonreciprocal coupling network

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2944229A (en) * 1956-11-09 1960-07-05 Philips Corp Non-reciprocal electric coupling device
US3519957A (en) * 1968-09-27 1970-07-07 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Tunable nonreciprocal coupling network

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3789324A (en) * 1971-06-18 1974-01-29 Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co Lumped constant circulator
US5745014A (en) * 1995-07-31 1998-04-28 Murata Manufacturing Company, Ltd. Nonreciprocal circuit element
US5838209A (en) * 1995-07-31 1998-11-17 Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Nonreciprocal junction circuit element having different conductor intersecting angles
EP0779673A1 (en) * 1995-12-13 1997-06-18 Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Non-reciprocal circuit element
US5821830A (en) * 1995-12-13 1998-10-13 Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Non-reciprocal circuit element
JP3264194B2 (ja) 1995-12-13 2002-03-11 株式会社村田製作所 非可逆回路素子
US6028495A (en) * 1996-10-11 2000-02-22 Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Magnetostatic-wave device
EP1076374A3 (en) * 1999-08-10 2002-09-04 Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Nonreciprocal circuit device, composite electronic component, and communication apparatus incorporating the same
US6597252B1 (en) 1999-08-10 2003-07-22 Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Nonreciprocal circuit device with series and parallel matching capacitors at different ports
US6819198B2 (en) * 2000-02-25 2004-11-16 Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Nonreciprocal circuit device and high-frequency circuit apparatus

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2050446A7 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-04-02
FR2050446B3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-04-06
NL6910116A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-01-05

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