US361961A - mannesman - Google Patents

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US361961A
US361961A US361961DA US361961A US 361961 A US361961 A US 361961A US 361961D A US361961D A US 361961DA US 361961 A US361961 A US 361961A
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rolls
blank
mandrel
tube
diagonally
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B19/00—Tube-rolling by rollers arranged outside the work and having their axes not perpendicular to the axis of the work
    • B21B19/02—Tube-rolling by rollers arranged outside the work and having their axes not perpendicular to the axis of the work the axes of the rollers being arranged essentially diagonally to the axis of the work, e.g. "cross" tube-rolling ; Diescher mills, Stiefel disc piercers or Stiefel rotary piercers
    • B21B19/04—Rolling basic material of solid, i.e. non-hollow, structure; Piercing, e.g. rotary piercing mills

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  • Sheets-Sheet 1 (Modem M. MANNESMANN.
  • This invention relates to a modification of the process of forming tubes from solid ingots or blanks solely by means of diagonally-acting reducing-rolls, between the converging working-faces of which such ingots or blanks are passed endwise, and by the action of which the tubular formation is initiated by the rupturing of the ingots or blanks along the line of their longitudinal axes; and the present invention consists in the co mbination,with properly p roportioned and adjusted diagonally-acting rolls, of a mandrel or plug which is so placed as to enter the hole produced in the blank by the action of the rolls, but which does not touch the solid central portion of the blank, or, in other words, does not bear upon the part of the blank where the tubular formation is initiated, contact with which, in the case of a steel blank, owing to its highly-heated condition, would soon destroy the end of the mandrel.
  • the mandrel in this combination is used especially for the purpose of serving as a plug for preventing the free access of air to and consequent oxidation of the interior of the part of the blank which is in process of transformation into a tube, and incidentally as an anvil upon which the shell of the tube is progressively compressed by the final action of the external rolls, whereby the interior surface of the tube is rendered smooth, and, ow-
  • any cracks or breaks therein are generally closed up land welded.
  • the mandrel may be combined with rolls which impart a twist to the shell of the tube, or with rolls which develop the tubular formation without imparting such twist.
  • Figure l is a side elevation of a pair of diagonally-acting cylindre-conoidal rolls, arranged one above and one below the axial' line of a conical mandrel, showing, in central longitudinal section, a solid metallic blank which has commenced its passage between the converging opposed working-surfaces of the rolls, and by the pinching action to which it has been subjected has had its diameter slightly reduced and a shallow cavity formed in its forward end.
  • Fig. 2 is a similar view of the rolls and mandrel, showing the blank at a further stage of its progressv between the rolls, in which it has progressed so far that the pointed end of the mandrel has entered within the ⁇ cavity in the forward end of the blank.
  • Fig. 1 is a side elevation of a pair of diagonally-acting cylindre-conoidal rolls, arranged one above and one below the axial' line of a conical mandrel, showing, in central longitudinal section, a solid metallic blank which has commenced
  • Fig. 3 is a similar elevation of the rolls and mandrel, in which the blank is represented as having acquired the tubular form and as so far progressed between the rolls that its rear end has nearly reached the pointed end of the mandrel 5 and
  • Fig. 4 is an end elevation of the rolls and mandrel, representing the mandrel shaft and tube in transverse section on the dotted linea: x in Fig. 3.
  • Fig. 5 is a representation of a mandrel and of two pairs of diagonally-acting rolls, one pair for transforming a solid blank into a tube and the other pair for compressing the shell of such tube upon the surface of a cylindro-conoidal mandrel.
  • FIG. 6 is a top view illustrating the combination of a conical mandrel with a pair of diagonally-acting disk ⁇ rolls respectively mounted upon the opposed ends of convergent shafts, and showing in central longitudinal section a blank in process of transformation into a tube by its passage between the convergent working-faces of the disks.
  • Fig. 7 is an end elevation of the diskrolls show'n in Fig. 6, which are herein illustrated merely because they maybe used as substitutes for the diagonally-acting cylindreconoidal rolls shown in Fig. 1.
  • the invention is not limited to the employment of any particular form of rolls, but is present in any ease when diagonally-acting rolls so proportioned and adjusted as to transform a solid blank into a tube by the impingement of opposed portions of their workingsurfaces upon the exterior of the blank are combined with a mandrel or plug in the manner herein set forth.
  • the cylindro-eonoidal rolls A a (shown in Fig. l) are mounted upon horizontal shafts A a', the vertical planes of which intersect at the same angle, but in opposite directions, the vertical plane of the mandrel B.
  • the cylindrical portion b of the mandrel occupies the space midway between the cylindrical portions A2 a2 of the diagonal rolls, and the tapering portion b of the mandrel projects into the space between the conoidal portions A3 a3 of the rolls.
  • the mandrel is stepped or soeketed ⁇ in the shaft B', the opposite end of which is stepped or soeketed in the standard C, or in some other stationary part of the machine.
  • the solid blank D is fed into the wider end of the space between the rolls.
  • the immediate effect produced upon the forward end of the blank by the impingement upon it of the working-faces of the rolls is a reduction in diameter and the formation of the cavity d in the forward end of the blank, as illustrated in Fig. 1.
  • the cavity d in its forward end becomes deeper, as illustrated in Fig. 2.
  • the end of the conical mandrel is entered into the cavity d, and finally the metallic blank is compressed upon the surface of the mandrel, and issues from the narrow end of the space between the rolls in the form of a tube, d, as illustrated in Fig. 3.
  • the tubular formation is, however, so far developed in the blank by the preliminary action of the rolls that the pointed end of the mandrel need not acquire contact with the solid central portion of the blank.
  • the blank may be guided by means of the lateral guides E e, affixed, respectively, to the standards E e', or other stationary parts of the machine, as illustrated in Fig. 4.
  • Fig. 5 illustrates a modieation of the apparatus, in which two diagonally-acting rolls, F f, are employed to transform a solid blank into a tube, and the adjoining pair of diagonally-actin g rolls, G g, are respectively arranged on opposite sides of the eylindro-conoidal mandrel B, for the purpose of receiving the tube formed by the rolls F f and compressing, -reducing the thickness, and welding the interior surface of the shell of such tube, and thereby transforming it into the finished tube (Z, as shown.
  • the exterior diameter of the tube may be simultaneously reduced without changing the interior diameter, or the interior diameter may be enlarged without changing the exterior diameter, or the exterior diameter may be reduced and the interior diameter at the .same time enlarged; and it will also be seen that the mandrel need not necessarily be pointed and need not necessarily be cylindrical for any considerable part of its length, and that it may have any portion of its surface curved in the direction of its length, either conveXly or concavely.
  • two or more diagonally-acting reducing-rolls suitably proportioned and adjusted relatively to the blank which is to be operated upon for effecting the rupture of the blank along the line of its axis, and for concurrently causing the metal thereof to move from the center outwardly, in combination with a mandrel or plug interposed between portions of the working-faces of the rolls for the purpose of preventing the free access of air to and the consequent oxidation of the interior of the portion of the blank which is in process of transformation into a tube, and for serving as an anvil upon which the shell of the tube is progressively compressed, whereby any cracks or cavities in its interiorsurface are closed up or welded.
  • two or more diagonally-acting reducing-rolls suitably proportioned and adjusted relatively to the blank which is to be operated upon for effecting the rupture of the blank along the line of its axis, and for eoncurrentl y causing the, metal thereof to move from the center outwardly, in combination with two or more adjoining diagonallyacting rolls and a mandrel or plug introduced between the working-faces of the said adjoining rolls, as and for the purposes set forth.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metal Extraction Processes (AREA)

Description

2 Sheets-Sheet 1 (Modem M. MANNESMANN.
MANUPAGTURE 0F SEAMLESS TUBES.
Patented Apr. 26, 1887.
(Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2. M. MANNESMANN.
MANUPAGTURB 01.-" SEAMLBSS TUBES.
Patented Apr. 26, 1887.
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
MAX MANNESMANN, OF REMSCHEID, (vfERll'IANY.V
MANUFACTURE OF SEAMLESS TUBES.
SPECIFICATION forming pari'. of Letters Patent No. 361,961, dated April 26, 1887. Application tiled April 1. i857. Serial No. 233,246. (Model.) Patented in Belgium August 14, 1836, No. 54,857.
To all whom it may concern.-
Be it known that I, MAX MANNEsMANN, of Remscheid, Germany, have invented certain Improvements in the Manufacture of Seamless Tubing from Solid Ingots of Metal, of which the following is a specification.
This invention relates to a modification of the process of forming tubes from solid ingots or blanks solely by means of diagonally-acting reducing-rolls, between the converging working-faces of which such ingots or blanks are passed endwise, and by the action of which the tubular formation is initiated by the rupturing of the ingots or blanks along the line of their longitudinal axes; and the present invention consists in the co mbination,with properly p roportioned and adjusted diagonally-acting rolls, of a mandrel or plug which is so placed as to enter the hole produced in the blank by the action of the rolls, but which does not touch the solid central portion of the blank, or, in other words, does not bear upon the part of the blank where the tubular formation is initiated, contact with which, in the case of a steel blank, owing to its highly-heated condition, would soon destroy the end of the mandrel. The mandrel in this combination is used especially for the purpose of serving as a plug for preventing the free access of air to and consequent oxidation of the interior of the part of the blank which is in process of transformation into a tube, and incidentally as an anvil upon which the shell of the tube is progressively compressed by the final action of the external rolls, whereby the interior surface of the tube is rendered smooth, and, ow-
ing to the absence of oxidation, any cracks or breaks therein are generally closed up land welded.
The mandrel may be combined with rolls which impart a twist to the shell of the tube, or with rolls which develop the tubular formation without imparting such twist.
As apparatus for rolling tubes by means of diagonally-acting rolls is well known, it is not deemed necessary to show or describe herein any organized machine, or anything more than the relative arrangement of the mandrel 4and diagonally-acting rolls by which they are made to have the mode of combination and operation which is eomprehended in the present invention.
The drawings are as follows: Figure l is a side elevation of a pair of diagonally-acting cylindre-conoidal rolls, arranged one above and one below the axial' line of a conical mandrel, showing, in central longitudinal section, a solid metallic blank which has commenced its passage between the converging opposed working-surfaces of the rolls, and by the pinching action to which it has been subjected has had its diameter slightly reduced and a shallow cavity formed in its forward end. Fig. 2 is a similar view of the rolls and mandrel, showing the blank at a further stage of its progressv between the rolls, in which it has progressed so far that the pointed end of the mandrel has entered within the `cavity in the forward end of the blank. Fig. 3 is a similar elevation of the rolls and mandrel, in which the blank is represented as having acquired the tubular form and as so far progressed between the rolls that its rear end has nearly reached the pointed end of the mandrel 5 and Fig. 4 is an end elevation of the rolls and mandrel, representing the mandrel shaft and tube in transverse section on the dotted linea: x in Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a representation of a mandrel and of two pairs of diagonally-acting rolls, one pair for transforming a solid blank into a tube and the other pair for compressing the shell of such tube upon the surface of a cylindro-conoidal mandrel. Fig. 6 is a top view illustrating the combination of a conical mandrel with a pair of diagonally-acting disk` rolls respectively mounted upon the opposed ends of convergent shafts, and showing in central longitudinal section a blank in process of transformation into a tube by its passage between the convergent working-faces of the disks. Fig. 7 is an end elevation of the diskrolls show'n in Fig. 6, which are herein illustrated merely because they maybe used as substitutes for the diagonally-acting cylindreconoidal rolls shown in Fig. 1.
The employment of diagonally-acting rolls for transforming into a tube a solid metallic blank which is passed endwise between the converging opposed faces of the rolls is fully described in another pending application, and therefore the mode of proportionment and the mode of adj ustment by which diagonally-acting rolls are made capable of performing this function do not of themselves constitute a part IOO of the present invention, which, so far as it comprehends the apparatus employed,is limited to acombination of such rolls with amandrel or plngwhich enters into the tube formed by the action of the rolls, but which does not touch the solid central portion of the blank. The invention is not limited to the employment of any particular form of rolls, but is present in any ease when diagonally-acting rolls so proportioned and adjusted as to transform a solid blank into a tube by the impingement of opposed portions of their workingsurfaces upon the exterior of the blank are combined with a mandrel or plug in the manner herein set forth.
Referring to the drawings, the cylindro-eonoidal rolls A a (shown in Fig. l) are mounted upon horizontal shafts A a', the vertical planes of which intersect at the same angle, but in opposite directions, the vertical plane of the mandrel B. Preferably the cylindrical portion b of the mandrel occupies the space midway between the cylindrical portions A2 a2 of the diagonal rolls, and the tapering portion b of the mandrel projects into the space between the conoidal portions A3 a3 of the rolls. At its base the mandrel is stepped or soeketed `in the shaft B', the opposite end of which is stepped or soeketed in the standard C, or in some other stationary part of the machine.
The solid blank D is fed into the wider end of the space between the rolls. The immediate effect produced upon the forward end of the blank by the impingement upon it of the working-faces of the rolls is a reduction in diameter and the formation of the cavity d in the forward end of the blank, as illustrated in Fig. 1. As the blank progresses, the cavity d in its forward end becomes deeper, as illustrated in Fig. 2. By the forward progress of the blank, the end of the conical mandrel is entered into the cavity d, and finally the metallic blank is compressed upon the surface of the mandrel, and issues from the narrow end of the space between the rolls in the form of a tube, d, as illustrated in Fig. 3. The tubular formation is, however, so far developed in the blank by the preliminary action of the rolls that the pointed end of the mandrel need not acquire contact with the solid central portion of the blank. During its passage between the rolls the blank may be guided by means of the lateral guides E e, affixed, respectively, to the standards E e', or other stationary parts of the machine, as illustrated in Fig. 4.
Fig. 5 illustrates a modieation of the apparatus, in which two diagonally-acting rolls, F f, are employed to transform a solid blank into a tube, and the adjoining pair of diagonally-actin g rolls, G g, are respectively arranged on opposite sides of the eylindro-conoidal mandrel B, for the purpose of receiving the tube formed by the rolls F f and compressing, -reducing the thickness, and welding the interior surface of the shell of such tube, and thereby transforming it into the finished tube (Z, as shown.
It will of course be understood that in the operation of compressing the shellof the tube upon the mandrel the exterior diameter of the tube may be simultaneously reduced without changing the interior diameter, or the interior diameter may be enlarged without changing the exterior diameter, or the exterior diameter may be reduced and the interior diameter at the .same time enlarged; and it will also be seen that the mandrel need not necessarily be pointed and need not necessarily be cylindrical for any considerable part of its length, and that it may have any portion of its surface curved in the direction of its length, either conveXly or concavely.
What is claimed as the invention isl. The improvement in the art of trans forming a solid metallic ingot or blank into an interiorly smooth and compressed seamless tube, which consists in progressively reducing the blank in diameter and rupturing it along the line of its axis, and concurrently causing the metal to move from the center out-` wardly by means of external rolls respectively impinging upon different sides of the blank, and in then smoothing and compressing the interior of said tube, either in thesame or in another machine,by means of a mandrel or plug introduced into the said tube and between the working-faces of diagonally-acting rolls for a sufficient distance to serve as an anvil upon which the shell ofthe tube is progressively compressed by the impingement upon it ofthe diagonally-acting rolls.
2. In apparatus for transforming solid metallic ingots or blanks into tubes, two or more diagonally-acting reducing-rolls suitably proportioned and adjusted relatively to the blank which is to be operated upon for effecting the rupture of the blank along the line of its axis, and for concurrently causing the metal thereof to move from the center outwardly, in combination with a mandrel or plug interposed between portions of the working-faces of the rolls for the purpose of preventing the free access of air to and the consequent oxidation of the interior of the portion of the blank which is in process of transformation into a tube, and for serving as an anvil upon which the shell of the tube is progressively compressed, whereby any cracks or cavities in its interiorsurface are closed up or welded.
3. In apparatus for transi'brming solid metallic ingots or blanks into tubes, two or more diagonally-acting reducing-rolls suitably proportioned and adjusted relatively to the blank which is to be operated upon for effecting the rupture of the blank along the line of its axis, and for eoncurrentl y causing the, metal thereof to move from the center outwardly, in combination with two or more adjoining diagonallyacting rolls and a mandrel or plug introduced between the working-faces of the said adjoining rolls, as and for the purposes set forth.
Vitnesses: MAX MANNESMANN.
A. M. JoNns, M. L. ADAMs.
IOO
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