US3618106A - Antenna feed systems - Google Patents

Antenna feed systems Download PDF

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Publication number
US3618106A
US3618106A US875164A US3618106DA US3618106A US 3618106 A US3618106 A US 3618106A US 875164 A US875164 A US 875164A US 3618106D A US3618106D A US 3618106DA US 3618106 A US3618106 A US 3618106A
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United States
Prior art keywords
waveguide
arrangement
grooves
groove
depth
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Expired - Lifetime
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US875164A
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English (en)
Inventor
Geoffrey H Bryant
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Plessey Overseas Ltd
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GE Healthcare UK Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • H01Q13/02—Waveguide horns
    • H01Q13/0208—Corrugated horns
    • H01Q13/0225—Corrugated horns of non-circular cross-section

Definitions

  • This invention relates to antennafeed systems and relates more specifically to antenna feeder arrangements incorporating transversely corrugated waveguide feeds.
  • An antenna feeder is normally positioned at the focal point of a transmit/receive aerial and is effective for directing the transmitted signal to the aerial proper in order that it may be radiated as well as for collecting the received information from the aerial proper for feeding to the normal detection circuits.
  • the aims of good antenna feed design are a. control of beam shape,
  • an antenna feeder arrangement comprises a corrugated waveguide which affords on its inner surface a plurality of transverse grooves, in which the depths of successive grooves of the waveguide differ from each other so that the reflected impedance at the entrance of the grooves increases from a low impedance afforded at the entrance ofa groove at one end of the waveguide to a required higher impedance afforded at the entrance of a groove at the other end of the waveguide.
  • the depth of a groove at one end of the waveguide is substantially equal to one-half of the wavelength of the dominant mode of the groove and the depth of a groove at the other end of the waveguide will be substantially equal to one-quarter of the wavelength of the dominant mode of the groove.
  • the inner surface of the waveguide is substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the waveguide in which case the antenna feeder according to the present invention may conveniently be used to connect a plain waveguide to a flared corrugated waveguide having grooves of depth substantially equal to one-quarter of the wavelength of the dominant mode of the groove.
  • the inner surface of the antenna feeder according to the present invention is itself flared in the longitudinal direction from said one end to said other end.
  • the antenna feeder according to the present invention in applying the antenna feeder according to the present invention to waveguides having square or rectangular cross sections, there may be provided means inserted in the grooves of the waveguide at the corners thereof to reduce the efi'ect of spurious modes set up due to the varying depths existing at said comers.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional side view of an antenna feeder according to the present invention
  • FIGS. 2a and 2b are side and end views, respectively of an alternative form of antenna feeder according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional side view of a transversely corrugated waveguide incorporating corner pieces according to the present invention.
  • H g 4 A in known antenna feed systems using transversely corrugated waveguides, the corrugated waveguide, whether it be flared or'not, is fed from a plain waveguide, i.e., one having no corrugations.
  • the depth of the corrugations or grooves of the feeder is normally in the order of )rg/4 where kg is the wavelength of the dominant mode set up in the groove and each groove thus forms a short-circuited waveguide whose length is approximately )tg/4.
  • the depths of the succeeding grooves are gradually decreased so that the impedance presented at their openings gradually increases until the groove depth is at the required value of kg/4.
  • This decrease in the depth of the grooves from kg/Z to Ag/4 may take place for example over a distance of 2kg and there may be provided, for example, in this length 10 grooves of succeedingly decreasing depth.
  • the feeder shown consists of a plain, square cross section waveguide 1 which is joined to a flared, square cross section, corrugated extension 2 by means of a square cross section, corrugated matching section 3.
  • the extension 2 is flared at an angle 0 to the longitudinal axis of the feeder and the grooves 4 afforded by the corrugations 5 have a depth of )tg/4.
  • the matching section 2 is provided with tapered corrugations 6 such that the groove nearest the plain waveguide 1 has a depth of kg/Z and the groove nearest the flared extension 2 has a depth of kg/4 i.e., the same depth as the grooves 4 of the flared extensionZ.
  • FIGS. 2a and 2b of the accompanying drawings there is shown an antenna feeder suitable for use as a broadband tracking feed.
  • the feed is. required to transmit and receive circularly polarized waves, the transmit and receive channels each having a 7 percent bandwidth.
  • the receiver channel would normally incorporate monopulse tracking with sum and difference circuits but for the sake of simplicity, the feeder only will be described.
  • the feeder shown in FIGS. 2a and 2b ofthe accompanying drawing consists of a plain square cross section waveguide 7 which is subdivided into four subsidiary waveguides 8 (these being used for monopulse tracking) and the waveguide 7 is joined to transversely corrugated end section 9'.
  • the corrugated end section 9 is provided with grooves 10 of succeedingly decreasing depth such that the groove 10 nearest the plain waveguide 7 has a depth of approximately hg/Z and the groove 10 farthest from the plain waveguide 7 has a depth of approximately Ag/4.
  • the field patterns are typical of cosinusoidal aperture distributions in the electric (E) and magnetic (H) planes so that circular polarization may be used.
  • the inner surface of the end section 9 is also provided with a slight flare of angle which has the effect of controlling the radiation while preserving equal beam widths but makes them less dependent upon frequency.
  • antenna feeders such as those described afford equal E and H plane beamwidths; provide a good match to the input feed; have a 15 percent bandwidth in the 7 to 8 cHz. range and enable small size apertures i.e., less than 2 A to be used.
  • waveguides of square cross section have been used, but it should be understood that the same principles may be applied to waveguides having nonsquare cross sections, e.g., rectangular or circular. It will also be understood that the inner surface of the waveguide may be of constant cross section or flared dependent upon the particular application.
  • FIG. 3 of the drawing is a cross-sectional view of a square cross section waveguide 11 in which the sides of a groove of the waveguide is shown at 12 and in which corner pieces 13 have been inserted in the four corners of the waveguide.
  • the optimum shape of the corner pieces is a square in which the inside corner has been chamfered.
  • the shape of the corner pieces may be made to suit any particular application.
  • An antenna feeder arrangement comprising a corrugated waveguide which affords on its inner surface a plurality of transverse grooves, in which the depth of successive grooves of the waveguide decreases from a depth substantially corresponding to one-half of the wavelength of the dominant mode of the groove at the entrance of the waveguide to a depth substantially corresponding to one-quarter of the wavelength of the dominant mode of the groove at the exit of the waveguide.
  • An arrangement as claimed in claim 4, comprising means for reducing the effect of spurious modes set up in the waveguide due to the varying depth of the grooves at the corners of the waveguide.

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  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
US875164A 1968-11-15 1969-11-10 Antenna feed systems Expired - Lifetime US3618106A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB54427/68A GB1269950A (en) 1968-11-15 1968-11-15 Improvements in or relating to antenna feed systems

Publications (1)

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US3618106A true US3618106A (en) 1971-11-02

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US875164A Expired - Lifetime US3618106A (en) 1968-11-15 1969-11-10 Antenna feed systems

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US (1) US3618106A (enrdf_load_html_response)
JP (1) JPS5024582B1 (enrdf_load_html_response)
DE (1) DE1957354A1 (enrdf_load_html_response)
FR (1) FR2023399A1 (enrdf_load_html_response)
GB (1) GB1269950A (enrdf_load_html_response)

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3754273A (en) * 1970-10-24 1973-08-21 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Corrugated waveguide
DE2650388A1 (de) * 1975-11-04 1977-05-05 Thomson Csf Rotationssymmetrischer rillenhornstrahler
US4301456A (en) * 1979-06-27 1981-11-17 Lockheed Corporation Electromagnetic wave attenuating surface
DE3109667A1 (de) * 1981-03-13 1982-09-23 Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-Gmbh, 6000 Frankfurt "breitbandiger rillenhornstrahler"
US4419671A (en) * 1981-10-28 1983-12-06 Bell Telephone Laboratories, Incorporated Small dual frequency band hybrid mode feed
US4439748A (en) * 1982-06-28 1984-03-27 Bell Telephone Laboratories, Incorporated Corrugated waveguide or feedhorn assembled from grooved pieces
US4468672A (en) * 1981-10-28 1984-08-28 Bell Telephone Laboratories, Incorporated Wide bandwidth hybrid mode feeds
US4477888A (en) * 1981-11-05 1984-10-16 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Microwave system for particle and shock velocity measurement in a geological type material
US4482899A (en) * 1981-10-28 1984-11-13 At&T Bell Laboratories Wide bandwidth hybrid mode feeds
WO1985002065A1 (en) * 1983-10-25 1985-05-09 TELECOMUNICAÇO^ñES BRASILEIRAS S/A - TELEBRÁS Directional coupler for separation of signals in two frequency bands while preserving their polarization characteristics
US4521783A (en) * 1982-09-27 1985-06-04 Ford Aerospace & Communications Corporation Offset microwave feed horn for producing focused beam having reduced sidelobe radiation
US4533919A (en) * 1983-10-14 1985-08-06 At&T Bell Laboratories Corrugated antenna feed arrangement
EP0158606A3 (en) * 1984-03-02 1986-04-16 Selenia Spazio Wide frequency band differential phase shifter with constant differential phase shifting
US5552797A (en) * 1994-12-02 1996-09-03 Avnet, Inc. Die-castable corrugated horns providing elliptical beams
US20110254640A1 (en) * 2010-03-04 2011-10-20 Astrium Gmbh Diplexer for a Reflector Antenna

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS53161988U (enrdf_load_html_response) * 1977-05-23 1978-12-19
JPS59186280U (ja) * 1983-05-28 1984-12-11 山下印刷紙器株式会社 巻糸体の集合包装箱
FR2592233B1 (fr) * 1985-12-20 1988-02-12 Radiotechnique Compelec Antenne plane hyperfrequences recevant simultanement deux polarisations.
US5793335A (en) * 1996-08-14 1998-08-11 L-3 Communications Corporation Plural band feed system
US5793334A (en) * 1996-08-14 1998-08-11 L-3 Communications Corporation Shrouded horn feed assembly

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2395560A (en) * 1940-10-19 1946-02-26 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Wave guide
US2567748A (en) * 1943-10-02 1951-09-11 Milton G White Control of wave length in wave guides
US2573012A (en) * 1944-04-27 1951-10-30 Csf Retardation guide on decimetric waves
US2623121A (en) * 1950-04-28 1952-12-23 Nat Union Radio Corp Wave guide
US2641731A (en) * 1947-10-06 1953-06-09 English Electric Valve Co Ltd Wave propagating electron discharge device
US2659817A (en) * 1948-12-31 1953-11-17 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Translation of electromagnetic waves

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2395560A (en) * 1940-10-19 1946-02-26 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Wave guide
US2567748A (en) * 1943-10-02 1951-09-11 Milton G White Control of wave length in wave guides
US2573012A (en) * 1944-04-27 1951-10-30 Csf Retardation guide on decimetric waves
US2641731A (en) * 1947-10-06 1953-06-09 English Electric Valve Co Ltd Wave propagating electron discharge device
US2659817A (en) * 1948-12-31 1953-11-17 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Translation of electromagnetic waves
US2623121A (en) * 1950-04-28 1952-12-23 Nat Union Radio Corp Wave guide

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
Elliot, On the Theory of Corrugated Plane Surfaces in Transactions of the IRE Professional Group on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. AP 2 No. 2, Apr. 1954, pp. 71 76 *

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3754273A (en) * 1970-10-24 1973-08-21 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Corrugated waveguide
DE2650388A1 (de) * 1975-11-04 1977-05-05 Thomson Csf Rotationssymmetrischer rillenhornstrahler
US4301456A (en) * 1979-06-27 1981-11-17 Lockheed Corporation Electromagnetic wave attenuating surface
DE3109667A1 (de) * 1981-03-13 1982-09-23 Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-Gmbh, 6000 Frankfurt "breitbandiger rillenhornstrahler"
US4482899A (en) * 1981-10-28 1984-11-13 At&T Bell Laboratories Wide bandwidth hybrid mode feeds
US4468672A (en) * 1981-10-28 1984-08-28 Bell Telephone Laboratories, Incorporated Wide bandwidth hybrid mode feeds
US4419671A (en) * 1981-10-28 1983-12-06 Bell Telephone Laboratories, Incorporated Small dual frequency band hybrid mode feed
US4477888A (en) * 1981-11-05 1984-10-16 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Microwave system for particle and shock velocity measurement in a geological type material
US4439748A (en) * 1982-06-28 1984-03-27 Bell Telephone Laboratories, Incorporated Corrugated waveguide or feedhorn assembled from grooved pieces
US4521783A (en) * 1982-09-27 1985-06-04 Ford Aerospace & Communications Corporation Offset microwave feed horn for producing focused beam having reduced sidelobe radiation
US4533919A (en) * 1983-10-14 1985-08-06 At&T Bell Laboratories Corrugated antenna feed arrangement
WO1985002065A1 (en) * 1983-10-25 1985-05-09 TELECOMUNICAÇO^ñES BRASILEIRAS S/A - TELEBRÁS Directional coupler for separation of signals in two frequency bands while preserving their polarization characteristics
US4777457A (en) * 1983-10-25 1988-10-11 Telecomunicacoes Brasileiras S/A - Telebras Directional coupler for separation of signals in two frequency bands while preserving their polarization characteristics
EP0158606A3 (en) * 1984-03-02 1986-04-16 Selenia Spazio Wide frequency band differential phase shifter with constant differential phase shifting
US5552797A (en) * 1994-12-02 1996-09-03 Avnet, Inc. Die-castable corrugated horns providing elliptical beams
US20110254640A1 (en) * 2010-03-04 2011-10-20 Astrium Gmbh Diplexer for a Reflector Antenna
US8878629B2 (en) * 2010-03-04 2014-11-04 Astrium Gmbh Diplexer for a reflector antenna

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2023399A1 (enrdf_load_html_response) 1970-08-21
DE1957354A1 (de) 1970-06-11
JPS5024582B1 (enrdf_load_html_response) 1975-08-16
GB1269950A (en) 1972-04-06

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Owner name: PLESSEY OVERSEAS LIMITED

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:PLESSEY COMPANY LIMITED THE;REEL/FRAME:003962/0736

Effective date: 19810901