US3611938A - Plastic shot shell - Google Patents
Plastic shot shell Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3611938A US3611938A US856870*A US3611938DA US3611938A US 3611938 A US3611938 A US 3611938A US 3611938D A US3611938D A US 3611938DA US 3611938 A US3611938 A US 3611938A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- base wad
- shot
- shell
- casing
- primer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C55/00—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor
- B29C55/30—Drawing through a die
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C55/00—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor
- B29C55/22—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of tubes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B5/00—Cartridge ammunition, e.g. separately-loaded propellant charges
- F42B5/26—Cartridge cases
- F42B5/30—Cartridge cases of plastics, i.e. the cartridge-case tube is of plastics
Definitions
- the remainder of the tubular portion is biaxially oriented circumferentially and longitudinally with an internal taper and a constant exterior dimension tapering axially in the direction away from the base portion to increase molecular orientation and strength proportionally in said direction.
- the shell is completed with the addition of primer, powder and shot, the latter being positioned in a pouch near the open end of the tube with the open end being folded down to complete the shell.
- This invention is a novel plastic shot shell case that incorporates the tube of the shell case and the base wad in an integral plastic unit, the tube of which is drawn or stretched precisely in two directions to strengthen it while controlling wall thickness within tolerances necessary for it to serve its purpose.
- Invention also resides in fon'ning the ejector gripping portion as a recess in the shell head to provide a commercially feasible rimless shot shell.
- Any shell employing a conventional base wad structure of the rolled paper type or any type of material that is formed of pieces rolled or pressed together will unravel or confetti in due time.
- Confetting is a colloquialism used in the trade to describe the tendency of base wad to tear apart into tiny little pieces comparable to confetti. This material may be carried into the barrel of a gun and must be cleaned out regularly. Whenever there is any unraveling, confettiing or other distortion of the base wad, gas leakage is possible.
- the base wads either leak around their edges or, in the case of wadding made of compressed layers of paper or wood pulp and the like, they may even leak through their body structure. These escaping gases stretch the metal cap surrounding the base of the shell and particularly its rim portion.
- the shell causes difficulty in weapons since the ejecting and extracting mechanisms are sometimes inadequate to remove these distorted shells from the chamber.
- the ejecting mechanism fails to eject the shell that has been extracted by the extracting mechanism.
- the failure of the extractor to start the shell out of the shell chamber so that the ejector can finish exhausting it from the gun chamber.
- shells made with a plastic tube substituted for a paper tube but otherwise constructed in substantially the same manner as paper shell tubes require nearly as many steps to make, as do the paper shell tubes.
- shot shells made with open ended plastic tubes substituted for paper ones are nearly as expensive to manufacture as paper tube shells.
- the use of the combination integral base wad portion and tube portion also creates the possibility of forming a rimless shot shell. Since in this structure where the base wad and the tube are formed integrally from a thermoplastic the tube of which has been stretched both axially and longitudinally, the base wad and tube are capable of absorbing the entire pressure generated when the shell is fired unassisted by a metallic cap, it is not necessary to have a metallic head for strength and hence an ejecting groove may be formed in the base wad material. When making a rimless shell, the base wad is made adequately long to assure necessary strength in the base wad portion. Heretofore a rimless shot shell has been considered not feasible commercially if not actually impossible to make.
- Another object of this invention is to provide a shot shell in which the metal head thereof may be of less strength and smaller size than in previous shot shells or even eliminated.
- a further object of this invention is to provide plastic shot shell tubes that are less expensive that prior shot shell tubes.
- An additional object of this invention is to provide a rimless shot shell.
- Yet another object of this invention is to provide an improved plastic shot shell case in which the strength gained by stretching the plastic may be of maximum amount.
- a still further object of this invention is to provide a plastic shot shell having a crimped end closure that can be manually reloaded.
- Yet another object of this invention is to provide a plastic shot shell having greater resistance to damage by water and temperature.
- FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional of the original plastic molding from which the shot shell case is made;
- FIG. 2 is the same piece after it has been put through the draw dies; it is drawn to the same scale as FIG. 1;
- FIG. 3 is the same structure shown in FIG. 2 after the piece has been trimmed and grooved ready for assembling to the head of the shot shell;
- FIG. 4 is a vertical section through a completed shot shell case drawn to the same scale as FIGS. 1, 2 and 3;
- FIG. 5 is a shot shell case head in its first formation prior to being assembled to the shot shell case; it is drawn to the same scales as FIGS. 1, 2, 3 and 4;
- FIG. 6 is an enlarged, diagrammatic, vertical section through a completed shot shell
- FIG. 7 is a horizontal section taken on the line 77 of FIG. 4 and drawn to the same scale as that figure;
- FIG. 8 is a side elevation of the male draw die together with a vertical section of the basic plug shown in FIG. 1, and the female draw die ready to begin the drawing operation; broken lines illustrate hidden parts;
- FIG. 9 is a view similar to FIG. 8 after the male draw die has been forced through the female draw die, thus forming the structure shown in FIG. 2 and before the stripper has taken the plastic shot shell case off the male die; broken lines again illustrate hidden parts;
- FIG. 10 is a modified form of cup drawn to the scale used in FIG. 1;
- FIG. 11 is a vertical section through a modified form of shell tube formed from the cup shown in FIG. 10 drawn to the same scale;
- FIG. 12 is an enlarged vertical section through a shell such as that shown in FIG. 11 with the wad and shot pouch shown in FIG. 14 installed; FIG. 12 is drawn to the same scale as FIG.
- FIG. 13 is a top view ofthe structure as it appears in FIG. 12 and drawn to the same scale as that figure;
- FIG. 14 is an exploded perspective view of the separable wad and shot pouch; FIG. 14 is drawn to the scale of FIG. 12;
- FIG. 15 is a view similar to FIG. 9 and drawn to the same scale but showing a modification of structure illustrated in FIG. 9, being taken generally on the line l515 of FIG. 16;
- FIG. 16 is a horizontal section taken on the line and in the direction of the arrows 16-16 of FIG. 15 and drawn to the same scale as that figure.
- the original piece of molded plastic that will become the base wad and shell tube is shown at 10.
- This blank may be made in any suitable manner as by injection molding, for example, and the material used is any suitable thermoplastic material of which high density polyethylene (having a density on the order of 0.942 to 0.965), polypropylene, related polyolefins, being examples. These materials and a thermoplastic sold by Eastman Chemical Corporation under the trademark Pollyamer, the generic description of which is not presently known, may be formed, preferably molding or cutting into discs that are formed into cups or molded directly into cups and then further formed into the shot shell case.
- the blank 10 is provided with a well 11 and an opening at the bottom 12.
- the well 11 receives the male draw tool or punch while the opening 12 aids in stabilizing the cup on the punch and, in the finished shell case, receives the priming device or cap.
- the blank 10 is shown as having been drawn by being passed through the draw dies and thereby having formed therein the finished opening 12 for receiving the priming cup and the base wad portion 14 which will resist pressures generated by the powder as it drives the charge out of the shot shell case.
- the walls 15 of the tube will be seen to be tapered toward the mouth of the tube.
- the principal reasons for doing this are to increase biaxial orientation and strength proportionally as the tube thins in the direction of the mouth of the tube, thin the the wall for crimping and incidentally to provide a form of tube that can be removed easily from the male draw die.
- the wall thicknesses are exactly the same all around the tube that will eventually receive the powder and shot.
- the tube 10 has been trimmed at the upper end 16 to appropriate length and a groove 17 formed therein which provides an exceptionally secure means for fastening the metal head to the plastic tube.
- FIG. 5 illustrates the head 18 partially formed and ready to be placed on the shot shell tube 10.
- the partially formed rim 19 is already set at this stage of the operation and when the head 18 is engaged with the base of the shot shell tube 10, the rim 19 is crimped down into its final form as seen in FIG. 4.
- the portion of the metal as at 20 is also rolled into the notch 17 thereby securely attaching the metal head to the butt end of the shot shell tube.
- Head 18 also has an opening 21 in its bottom which aligns with the opening 12 in the shot shell tube in order to receive the priming device 22.
- the loaded shell is illustrated in FIG. 6 where the powder charge is merely designated by the area 24, a suitable cushion wad such as that disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 2,759,852, by area 25 and the space reserved for shot 26.
- Any suitable top wad 27 such as the one made by the method disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 2,599,943 closes the end of the tube and the tube is crimped as at 28 in the traditional manner to hold top wad 27 in place.
- the mouth of the tube may also be appropriately closed by the folded or wadless method in which the mouth of the tube is closed entirely by a portion of the tube itself as shown in FIGS. 10-113.
- the base wad portion 14 in this shell may be on the order of only 0.188 inch thick from the inside bottom of the metal cap to the inside of the tube adjacent to the primer device. Nevertheless, because base wad portion 14 is formed integrally with the sidewalls of the shell, there was no head distorting gas leakage when these shells are fired.
- the length of conventional base wads that would be used in a shell for which a base wad of 0.188 inch is provided in the shell disclosed, would range from 0.281 up to 0.625 inch. Not only is this integral base wad more efficient in sealing the gases within the shot shell tube, therefore, it also provides from one-tenth to one-half inch more space within the shot shell tube for the placement of powder charge and other loading materials.
- the method of forming these integral base wad and tube shot shells is best understood from a consideration of FIGS. 8 and 9.
- the method may be carried out at either room tem' perature, hereafter called cold, or at elevated temperatures or hot drawn.
- the original thermoplastic molding or cup 10 is first heated to a maximum temperature without destroying crystallization. This is the temperature at which the material is most easily stretched in two directions to provide the molecular alignment that imparts the greatest tensile strength.
- a maximum temperature is the temperature at which the material is most easily stretched in two directions to provide the molecular alignment that imparts the greatest tensile strength.
- These temperatures for the various thermoplastics that might be employed herein are well known and hence not set out here.
- the material used is a high density polyethylene (also known as linear, straight-chain or low-pressure polyethylene and having a density of 0.942 to 0.965) of a type such as that sold by Hercules Powder Company under the trademark HI-FAX and specifically the 1800 type, this temperature is known to be 124 to 125 C.
- the Eastman Chemical material Pollyallamer has about the same requirements.
- Heating cup 10 prior to forcing the male draw tool 29 into it may be by any suitable means as by passing it through a warm air heating oven.
- the electrical heating element 30 in the male draw tool aids in maintaining this temperature.
- the cup is substantially smaller on the inside than the male draw tool or punch 29, the cup is expanded in a radial direction a considerable amount when the punch is forced into it.
- the male draw tool 29 After the male draw tool 29 has been forced into cup 10, the male draw tool is forced through the female draw die 32 by any suitable means such as the hydraulic press or the like.
- the male draw tool is provided as at 34 in FIGS. 8 and 9 with suitable means for attaching it to a press.
- Guide block 35 positioned above the female draw tool 32 guides the cup 10 carried on the male draw tool down into the tapered portion 36 of the female draw die.
- the female draw die is also heated in some suitable manner as by the heating coils 37. The draw tools are therefore maintained also at the proper temperature for the particular thermoplastic being used.
- the male draw tool With the stripper engaged, the male draw tool is withdrawn through the female draw tool and the drawn shot shell tube is stripped off the punch by the stripper.
- the male draw tool is tapered slightly which produces the tapered walls of the tube 10.
- the principal reasons for tapering the male draw die is to provide maximum biaxial orientation at the mouth of the shell and to facilitate stripping the drawn shells therefrom. As shown in FIG. 9, the structure produced is approximately that of FIG. 2.
- the shell has actually been drawn somewhat longer than is necessary to make the finished shot shell tube so that its end, which may be and usually are somewhat irregular as shown by the broken line 40 in FIG. 9, may be trimmed off evenly.
- the trimming and grooving of the drawn shot shell shown in FIGS. 9 and 2 is accomplished by suitable means not here shown nor described in detail as not per se inventive herein.
- the scrap material from this trimming and grooving process may be mixed in limited quantities with fresh material and used to produce additional shot shell tubes.
- Cold forming has some considerable advantages, however, not the least of which is being able to operate the machine without being concerned about die temperature except to lubricate the dies to make sure that the friction heating of the dies is kept within bounds. This is even more necessary in the hot draw process which requires a lubricating solution to be used also and which complicates maintaining correct temperatures.
- the premolded cups are more easily handled when cold, and interruption of production does not result in loss of cup heat which is a substantial problem when using the hot draw process.
- stopping the press requires removing cups in the mechanism, washing off the lubrication and reheating the cups.
- the savings in not preheating the cups appears to at least offset the added power needed to cold draw.
- the rimless shot shell made of 7 plastic is formed in substantially the same pattern as a rimless metallic cartridge is formed.
- the unit is manufactured from a premolded plug 50, in FIG. 10, of a type similar to that illustrated in FIGS. 1 through 6 but having substantially more material in the base wad portion 51 in order to provide material in the to allow for the formation of groove 52.
- This groove is formed in the usual shape of a rimless automatic weapon cartridge case with the leading edge slanting at an angle of approximately 15 to the vertical and the rear surface of the groove designated 51R being substantially normal to the length of the case in order to receive the ejector mechanism. All of the more recent rifle cartridges are of the so-called rimless type for the reason that they function better in automatic and semiautomatic weapons. I
- FIGS. 10-14 also is distinct from the form shown in FIGS. l9 in that the top of the tube designated 50! which is used to enclose the shot in the tube is made substantially thinner than the tube illustrated in the previously disclosed form of the device. . While it cannot be shown accurately in drawings of the character used for patent applications, the wall thickness at 16 in FIG. 3 is 0.0225 plus or minus 0.001 of an inch; the thickness of the wall at 50: is from 0.0125 to 0.0150.
- FIGS. 10-14 It is feasible to make the end of the structure shown in FIGS. 10-14 with the upper part of the tube as thin as stated by the use of what are now known as shot pouches.
- the particular structure shown herein comprises the concave faced wad 54 with each end having a supporting central column 55.
- a shot pouch arrangement 57 comprises a cylinder open at one end and closed at the other with vertical slits as shown at 58 dividing the upper part of the cylinder into two or more segments.
- the bottom of pouch 57 rests on the top of column 55 and on the edge 59 of wad 54 facing the shot pouch.
- This arrangement of parts may be clearly seen in the sectional view of FIG. 12. It will be noted that the over-the powder wad 54 has a column such as the one designated 55 in FIG.
- the shot pouches of the prior art have been one piece units in which a pouch such as 57 is an integral part of a sealing type wad structure.
- This type of a wad is difficult to handle in conventional loading machinery, however, whereas dividing the wad and pouch into two pieces that are properly oriented together, as it is assembled in the shell, lends itself readily to existing equipment.
- use of the pouch makes it possible to draw the upper end 502 of tube 50 as thin as specified above without the likelihood of destroying the end of the shell tube beyond reuse when the shell is tired.
- the female die may be substantially identical to that shown earlier but the female die of FIG. 15 is here given a separate number 60 to distinguish it clearly from the previously illustrated structures.
- the male die 61 is made with a slightly greater diameter at the top end so that case 50 is drawn more thinly at the top as discussed above.
- any suitable structure such as the hollow pipe C-ring 62 embraces the opening in female die 60 from which the shot case 50 and male die 61 protrude as the draw is completed.
- a plurality of nozzles such as seen at 64 communicate with the interior of the hollow C-ring 62.
- a cooling solution may be pumped in from any suitable pump via the connecting pipe 65, and cooling solution sprays on to the shot shell case from three directions giving substantially complete coverage.
- Blank and cup 0 Blank and cup 8. Stamp and preform 11. Draw.
- steps 4, 7 and 8 are omitted from the required steps for production of the shell disclosed herein.
- a formed seamless one-piece cartridge case of predetermined gauge made ofa crystalline polyolefinic polymer and in its completed form prior to being filled with shot and powder being comprised solely of a single-piece tubular member having a base wad portion devoid of interior metal reinforcing structure and of uniform density throughout its extent and having a centrally disposed reduced bore extending axially entirely therethrough, the remainder of said tubular member being biaxially oriented both circumferentially and longitudinally to provide increased tensile strength therein relative to the tensile strength of the polymer in said base wad portion, said tubular member being of uniform exterior dimensions throughout except for an annular groove formed therein, the thickness of the polymer of the said remainder of said tubular member tapering internally and axially in a direction away from said base portion whereby the molecular orientation of said tubular member increases proportionally in said direction.
- a formed seamless one-piece cartridge case of predetermined gauge made of a crystalline polyolefinic polymer and being comprised of a single piece tubular member having a base wad portion of uniform density throughout its extent and devoid of metal reinforcing structure within its interior and upon being formed having a centrally disposed reduced bore extending axially entirely therethrough, the remainder of said tubular member being biaxially oriented both circumferentially and longitudinally to provide increased tensile strength therein relative to the tensile strength of the polymer in said base wad portion, the thickness of the polymer of the said remainder of said tubular member tapering internally and axially in a direction away from said base portion whereby the molecular orientation of said tubular member increases proportionally in said direction.
- tubular member is of uniform exterior dimensions throughout substantially its entire length.
- the structure defined in claim 4 including a metal cap positioned over the base wad portion, means included in part in the base wad portion and in part in the metal cap securing said metal cap on said base wad portion, a primer positioned in the aperture of the base wad portion and extending through an aperture in the metal cap, a powder charge, wad structure, shot pouch and shot positioned in the tubular portion of the case, a means included in part in the end of the case remote from the base wad portion for closing the case.
- the thickness of the base wad portion adjacent the primer bore is no less than 0.188 inches
- the thickness of the tubular member at the extremity which tapers from the base wad portion to a dimension of 0.125 to 0.0235 inches thickness with proportionately increased longitudinal tensile strength and in which this extremity of the tubular member is folded over on itself to define the means for closing the case.
- a shot shell comprising: a shell casing formed of a single seamless piece of polyethylene having a density of at least 0.942, said casing having a tubular portion and a base wad portion with the base wad portion having a uniform density being devoid of any internal metal reinforcing and a primer receiving aperture therethrough and the tubular portion having an internal taper and a constant external circumferential dimension equal to that of the base wad portion except for an annular groove in the latter, the tubular portion being biaxially oriented both circumferentially and longitudinally in an increasing amount proportional to the decreasing thickness of the tubular portion; a primer positioned in the primer aperture of the base wad and extending through an aperture in the base wad portion; a powder charge, wad structure, shot pouch and shot positioned in the tubular portion of the casing; and means included in part in the end of the casing remote from the base wad for closing the casing.
- a shot shell comprising: a shell casing formed of a single seamless piece of polyethylene having a density of at least 0.942, said casing having a tubular portion and a base wad portion with the base wad portion being devoid of any internal metal reinforcing and with a primer receiving aperture therethrough and with the tubular portion having an internal taper and a constant external circumferential dimension equal to that of the base wad portion except for an annular groove in the latter; the tubular portion being biaxially oriented both circumferentially and longitudinally in an increasing amount proportional to the decreasing thickness of the tubular portion; a metal cap positioned over the base wad portion and secured thereto at the annular groove therein; a primer positioned in the primer aperture of the base wad and extending through an aperture in the metal cap; a powder charge, wad structure, shot pouch and shot positioned in the tubular portion of the casing; and means included in part in the end of the casing remote from the base wad for closing the casing.
- a shot shell comprising: a shot shell casing formed of a single seamless piece of polyethylene having a density of at least 0.942, said casing having a tubular portion and a base wad portion with the base wad portion having a uniform density being devoid of any internal metal reinforcing and a primer receiving aperture therethrough and the tubular portion having a uniform internal taper and a constant external circumferential dimension equal to that of the base wad portion, the tubular portion being biaxially oriented both circumferentially and longitudinally in an increasing amount proportional to the decreasing thickness of the tubular portion; a primer positioned in the primer aperture in the base wad; a powder charge, wad structure, shot pouch and shot positioned in the tubular portion of the casing; and means included in part in the end of the casing remote from the base wad for closing the casing.
- the shot shell of claim 12 in which the base wad portion has a thickness dimension at the primer opening of 0.188 inches.
- the thickness of the base wad portion adjacent the primer opening is no less than 0.188 inches
- the thickness of the tubular portion at the extremity which tapers from the base wad to a dimension of 0.125 to 0.0235 inches thickness with proportionally increased longitudinal tensile strength and in which this extremity of the tubular portion is folded over on itself to define the means for closing the casing.
- the shot shell of claim 12 in which the thickness dimension at the extremity of the tubular portion is from 0.0125 to 0.0235 inches and in which the means for closing the casing includes this extremity of the tubular portion includes an end crimp type closure of the extremity of the tubular portion of the casing.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (17)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US85687069A | 1969-06-24 | 1969-06-24 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US3611938A true US3611938A (en) | 1971-10-12 |
Family
ID=25324676
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US856870*A Expired - Lifetime US3611938A (en) | 1969-06-24 | 1969-06-24 | Plastic shot shell |
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US (1) | US3611938A (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5127331A (en) * | 1991-03-25 | 1992-07-07 | Olin Corporation | Reduced recoil compression formed shotshell casing |
AU2002304212B8 (en) * | 2001-05-17 | 2002-11-25 | Zakrytoe Aktsionernoe Obshchestvo Absara | Plastic cartridge case and device for the production thereof |
US20230131301A1 (en) * | 2021-10-22 | 2023-04-27 | Dan Esslinger | Golf balls with kinetic projectiles |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2840944A (en) * | 1954-03-30 | 1958-07-01 | James F Thompson | Adaptor for a magazine |
FR1170851A (en) * | 1956-01-12 | 1959-01-20 | Core Reissverschluss G M B H | Method and devices for the manufacture of articles in suitable thermoplastic masses by drawing under pressure in a mold |
GB832561A (en) * | 1957-05-03 | 1960-04-13 | Ici Ltd | Shot-gun cartridges |
US3103170A (en) * | 1960-06-21 | 1963-09-10 | Remington Arms Co Inc | Tubing for cartridge casings and the like and method of making the same |
US3147709A (en) * | 1959-06-08 | 1964-09-08 | Wilbert A Werner | Shotgun cartridge |
-
1969
- 1969-06-24 US US856870*A patent/US3611938A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2840944A (en) * | 1954-03-30 | 1958-07-01 | James F Thompson | Adaptor for a magazine |
FR1170851A (en) * | 1956-01-12 | 1959-01-20 | Core Reissverschluss G M B H | Method and devices for the manufacture of articles in suitable thermoplastic masses by drawing under pressure in a mold |
GB832561A (en) * | 1957-05-03 | 1960-04-13 | Ici Ltd | Shot-gun cartridges |
US3147709A (en) * | 1959-06-08 | 1964-09-08 | Wilbert A Werner | Shotgun cartridge |
US3103170A (en) * | 1960-06-21 | 1963-09-10 | Remington Arms Co Inc | Tubing for cartridge casings and the like and method of making the same |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5127331A (en) * | 1991-03-25 | 1992-07-07 | Olin Corporation | Reduced recoil compression formed shotshell casing |
AU2002304212B8 (en) * | 2001-05-17 | 2002-11-25 | Zakrytoe Aktsionernoe Obshchestvo Absara | Plastic cartridge case and device for the production thereof |
US20040011237A1 (en) * | 2001-05-17 | 2004-01-22 | Khvichia Eduard Illarionovich | Plastic cartridge case and device for the production thereof |
AU2002304212B2 (en) * | 2001-05-17 | 2007-07-19 | Zakrytoe Aktsionernoe Obshchestvo Absara | Plastic cartridge case and device for the production thereof |
CN100370215C (en) * | 2001-05-17 | 2008-02-20 | 阿布萨拉公司 | Plastic cartridge case and device for prodn. thereof |
US20230131301A1 (en) * | 2021-10-22 | 2023-04-27 | Dan Esslinger | Golf balls with kinetic projectiles |
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