US3608755A - Straight-shovel-type working equipment of a single-bucket excavator - Google Patents

Straight-shovel-type working equipment of a single-bucket excavator Download PDF

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US3608755A
US3608755A US746093A US3608755DA US3608755A US 3608755 A US3608755 A US 3608755A US 746093 A US746093 A US 746093A US 3608755D A US3608755D A US 3608755DA US 3608755 A US3608755 A US 3608755A
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bucket
pulleys
boom
handle
plane
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US746093A
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Boris Invanovich Solokhin
Vladimir Iosifovich Khazak
Viktor Afanasievich Kartashov
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
    • E02F3/36—Component parts
    • E02F3/42—Drives for dippers, buckets, dipper-arms or bucket-arms
    • E02F3/427—Drives for dippers, buckets, dipper-arms or bucket-arms with mechanical drives
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
    • E02F3/30—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets with a dipper-arm pivoted on a cantilever beam, i.e. boom
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
    • E02F3/30—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets with a dipper-arm pivoted on a cantilever beam, i.e. boom
    • E02F3/308—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets with a dipper-arm pivoted on a cantilever beam, i.e. boom working outwardly

Definitions

  • PATENTEUSEP28I97I 360817755 sum 1 OF 2 STRAIGHT-SIIOVEL-TYPE WORKING EQUIPMENT OF A SINGLE-BUCKET EXCAVATOR
  • the present invention relates to single-bucket excavators, and more particularly to equipment of the straight-shovel type. Most particularly, the invention relates to working equipment wherein a support or grip" has a bucket fixed thereto and suspended on two pulley blocks, thegrip and bucket being so mounted that they are not fixed against rotation about the longitudinal axis of the grip. In known equipment of this type, the pulley blocks for bucket suspension are independent of each other.
  • the said disadvantage necessitates an increase of rope diameter, as well as a greater weight of the hoisting winch and metal parts of the excavator.
  • This object is accomplished in the aforedescribed type of equipment by interconnecting the ends of the pulley block ropes on a link providing for balancing the loads among the pulley blocks.
  • the axis of the movable pulleys of the pulley blocks is made stationary with respect to the bucket in the plane of its rocker, this making the bucket more stable.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an excavator provided with straight-shovel-type working equipment made in accordance with the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the winding of the hoisting mechanism ropes of the equipment of FIG. I;
  • FlG..3 is a suspension unit of the bucket in the equipment of FIG. I;
  • FIG. 4 is a mounting unit for the resilient absorbing device in the equipment of FIG. 1.
  • the working equipment of the invention consists of a boom 1 (FIG. I), a single-beam grip or handle 2 mounted on said boom in such a way that it is not fixed against turning about its longitudinal axis, and a bucket 3 mounted together with said grip and suspended on two double pulley blocks 4 and 5 (FIG. 2).
  • Movable pulleys 6 and 7 of the pulley blocks are disposed in the plane of the bucket rocker 8 (FIG. 3).
  • axle 9 of the pulleys 6 and 7 is stationary such that the carrier in which it is mounted cannot pivot with respect to the bucket in the plane of the rocker 8, that is, the rocker 8 couples axle 9 to bucket 3 so that a plane perpendicular to bucket 3 always passes through axle 9 even though axle 9 can tilt relative to grip 2.
  • the ends of the ropes of the pulley blocks 4 and 5 are interconnected at and form a continuous member to embrace a guide 10 (FIGS. 2 and 4) which is essentially a link providing for balancing the loads among the pulley blocks.
  • the semipulley or guide 10 transmits the load to the boom 1 through a spring-loaded friction device 11 disposed in a housing 12 rigidly secured on said boom in whose guides the semipulley 10 is mounted.
  • the spring-loaded friction device 11 consists of a pressing a spring 16, a cup 17 and a coupling bolt which is provided with a nut 18, by means of which the device may be adjusted in advance for a required load.
  • a rubber, hydraulic or other such similar device may be used as the resilient, absorbing device.
  • the semipulley 10 When hanging new ropes for the pulley blocks, the semipulley 10 provides for complete balancing of the loads between the pulley blocks, said balancing being maintained for all further cases of bucket loading as may occur in the course of digging.
  • the pulleys 6 and 7 are disposed in the plane of the bucket rocker 8. In case the cutting edge of the bucket is nonuniformly loaded and said bucket together with the grip 2 turns about its longitudinal axis, the pulleys 6 and 7 roll along the ropes of the pulley blocks.
  • the semipulley 10 When loads are greater than those for which spring-loaded friction device is adjusted, the semipulley 10 provides for a displacement of the pressing cone 13 which, acting upon the wedges 14, makes the latter draw together and move inside the cup 17 provided in this zone with an inner tapered surface.
  • the load transmitted from the wedges l4 and spring 16 to the cup 17 is received by the housing 12 rigidly connected to the boom 1.
  • Apparatus comprising a boom, an elongated handle in intersecting relation with said boom, said handle being rotatably supported on said boom about the longitudinal axis of said handle, a bucket fixed to said handle and being capable of turning movement together with the handle about the longitudinal axis of the latter, and pulley means for operating said bucket, said pulley means including pulleys coupled to said bucket, a resilient link affixed to said boom, and lines encircling respective of said pulleys and looping around said link to was? assessm nts? ai P rse-V 2.
  • Apparatus as claimed in claim 1 wherein said lines have ends interconnected at said link and other ends, comprising @seaslq wigsiypand rel ase s i qtbs sa s 3.
  • said resilient link includes a guide element, and a spring-loaded device resiliently connected to said guide element.
  • said springloaded device includes a housing, a pressing member, means supporting said guide element, and a spring interposed between said pressing member and said housing for urging aipts s ss m mb r tow rd. guise element.
  • Apparatus as claimed in claim 6 including wedge means 7 in said housing and a conical member interposed between said

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Load-Engaging Elements For Cranes (AREA)

Abstract

A single-bucket excavator comprises a boom with a grip mounted thereon and turnable about its longitudinal axis. A bucket is mounted on the grip and is suspended on movable pulleys of two double pulley block and tackle systems containing a balancing system which transmits loads to the boom via a spring-loaded friction device.

Description

United States Patent Inventors Boris Ivanovich Solokhin prospekt Lenina, 21, kv. 40, Kolpino; Vladimir losifovich Khazak, prospekt Dalnevostoclmy, 60, kv. 4, Leningrad; Viktor Alanasievich Kartashov, ulitsa Zapadnayn, 25, kv. 2, Kolpino Leningradskoi Obiast, all of U.S.S.R.
Appl. No. 746,093
Filed July 19, 1968 Patented Sept. 28, 1971 STRAIGHT-SHOVEL-TYPE WORKING EQUIPMENT OF A SINGLE-BUCKET EXCAVATOR 7 Claims, 4 Drawing Figs.
US. (I 214/135 Int. E02 3/62 Field oiSearch 214/135,
[56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,733,753 10/1929 Rauch 214/135 2,669,449 2/1954 Gross 214/13sx FOREIGN PATENTS 1,463,269 11/1966 France 214/135 Primary Examiner-Gerald M. Forlenza Assistant Examiner-Frank E. Werner Attorney-Waters, Roditi, Schwartz & Nissen ABSTRACT: A single-bucket excavator comprises a boom with a grip mounted thereon and tumable about its longitudinal axis. A bucket is mounted on the grip and is suspended on movable pulleys of two double pulley block and tackle systems containing a balancing system which transmits loads to the boom via a spring-loaded friction device.
PATENTEUSEP28I97I 360817755 sum 1 OF 2 STRAIGHT-SIIOVEL-TYPE WORKING EQUIPMENT OF A SINGLE-BUCKET EXCAVATOR The present invention relates to single-bucket excavators, and more particularly to equipment of the straight-shovel type. Most particularly, the invention relates to working equipment wherein a support or grip" has a bucket fixed thereto and suspended on two pulley blocks, thegrip and bucket being so mounted that they are not fixed against rotation about the longitudinal axis of the grip. In known equipment of this type, the pulley blocks for bucket suspension are independent of each other.
Despite a number of advantages which said known equipment has over other arrangements of the straight-shovel type, it fails to provide uniform distribution of loads among the pulley blocks.
The said disadvantage necessitates an increase of rope diameter, as well as a greater weight of the hoisting winch and metal parts of the excavator.
It is an object of the present invention to eliminate the disadvantage of the afnredescribed equipment.
This object is accomplished in the aforedescribed type of equipment by interconnecting the ends of the pulley block ropes on a link providing for balancing the loads among the pulley blocks.
When operating on rocky terrain, it is preferred to equip the link providing for the balancing of the loads with a resilient absorbing device to reduce the dynamic loads thereof.
It is also preferred to dispose the movable pulleys of the pulley blocks in the plane of the bucket rocker to prevent the displacement of the ends of the pulley block ropes on the aforesaid link, which displacement may take place when the bucket with the grip or handle turns about the longitudinal axis of the latter, with the cutting edge of the bucket being nonuniformly loaded.
In order to decrease the turn angle of the bucket with the grip or handle about its longitudinal axis, the axis of the movable pulleys of the pulley blocks is made stationary with respect to the bucket in the plane of its rocker, this making the bucket more stable.
The following detailed description of one embodiment of the invention is given with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an excavator provided with straight-shovel-type working equipment made in accordance with the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the winding of the hoisting mechanism ropes of the equipment of FIG. I;
FlG..3 is a suspension unit of the bucket in the equipment of FIG. I; and
FIG. 4 is a mounting unit for the resilient absorbing device in the equipment of FIG. 1.
The working equipment of the invention consists of a boom 1 (FIG. I), a single-beam grip or handle 2 mounted on said boom in such a way that it is not fixed against turning about its longitudinal axis, and a bucket 3 mounted together with said grip and suspended on two double pulley blocks 4 and 5 (FIG. 2).
Movable pulleys 6 and 7 of the pulley blocks are disposed in the plane of the bucket rocker 8 (FIG. 3).
The axle 9 of the pulleys 6 and 7 is stationary such that the carrier in which it is mounted cannot pivot with respect to the bucket in the plane of the rocker 8, that is, the rocker 8 couples axle 9 to bucket 3 so that a plane perpendicular to bucket 3 always passes through axle 9 even though axle 9 can tilt relative to grip 2.
The ends of the ropes of the pulley blocks 4 and 5 are interconnected at and form a continuous member to embrace a guide 10 (FIGS. 2 and 4) which is essentially a link providing for balancing the loads among the pulley blocks. The semipulley or guide 10 transmits the load to the boom 1 through a spring-loaded friction device 11 disposed in a housing 12 rigidly secured on said boom in whose guides the semipulley 10 is mounted.
The spring-loaded friction device 11 consists of a pressing a spring 16, a cup 17 and a coupling bolt which is provided with a nut 18, by means of which the device may be adjusted in advance for a required load.
A rubber, hydraulic or other such similar device may be used as the resilient, absorbing device.
When hanging new ropes for the pulley blocks, the semipulley 10 provides for complete balancing of the loads between the pulley blocks, said balancing being maintained for all further cases of bucket loading as may occur in the course of digging.
The pulleys 6 and 7 are disposed in the plane of the bucket rocker 8. In case the cutting edge of the bucket is nonuniformly loaded and said bucket together with the grip 2 turns about its longitudinal axis, the pulleys 6 and 7 roll along the ropes of the pulley blocks.
As the axle 9 of the movable pulleys of the pulley blocks is stationary with respect to the bucket as described above the angle of turn of the bucket and the grip about the longitudinal axis of the latter is reduced, which provides for a greater stability of the bucket.
When operating in rocky soils, the improvement proposed herein makes it possible, due to the employment of the springloaded friction device 11, to considerably reduce dynamic loads.
When loads are greater than those for which spring-loaded friction device is adjusted, the semipulley 10 provides for a displacement of the pressing cone 13 which, acting upon the wedges 14, makes the latter draw together and move inside the cup 17 provided in this zone with an inner tapered surface. The load transmitted from the wedges l4 and spring 16 to the cup 17 is received by the housing 12 rigidly connected to the boom 1.
Sixty to ninety percent of the energy of moving masses, transmitted to the device 11, is absorbed due to the nonreversible work produced by the friction forces of the wedges 14 along the cup 17, pressing cone l3 and pressing washer 15.
For an effective operation of the resilient, absorbing link it is necessary that the latter should remain resilient at maximum ib slaa alleys s i sd 1. Apparatus comprising a boom, an elongated handle in intersecting relation with said boom, said handle being rotatably supported on said boom about the longitudinal axis of said handle, a bucket fixed to said handle and being capable of turning movement together with the handle about the longitudinal axis of the latter, and pulley means for operating said bucket, said pulley means including pulleys coupled to said bucket, a resilient link affixed to said boom, and lines encircling respective of said pulleys and looping around said link to was? assessm nts? ai P rse-V 2. Apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein said lines have ends interconnected at said link and other ends, comprising @seaslq wigsiypand rel ase s i qtbs sa s 3. Apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein said pulleys are coaxial and have an axis extending transversely of a plane fixed relative to said bucket, said apparatus further comprising rocker means having an extent defining said plane and coupling said pulleys to said bucket to allow the axis to pivot, within a further plane transverse of said first-named plane, relative to said bucket.
4. Apparatus as claimed in claim 3 wherein said pulleys are arranged substantially in said first-named plane.
5. Apparatus as claimed in claim 1 wherein said resilient link includes a guide element, and a spring-loaded device resiliently connected to said guide element.
6. Apparatus as claimed in claim 5 wherein said springloaded device includes a housing, a pressing member, means supporting said guide element, and a spring interposed between said pressing member and said housing for urging aipts s ss m mb r tow rd. guise element.
7. Apparatus as claimed in claim 6 including wedge means 7 in said housing and a conical member interposed between said

Claims (7)

1. Apparatus comprising a boom, an elongated handle in intersecting relation with said boom, said handle being rotatably supported on said boom about the longitudinal axis of said handle, a bucket fixed to said handle and being capable of turning movement together with the handle about the longitudinal axis of the latter, and pulley means for operating said bucket, said pulley means including pulleys coupled to said bucket, a resilient link affixed to said boom, and lines encircling respective of said pulleys and looping around said link to absorb displacement of said bucket.
2. Apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein said lines have ends interconnected at said link and other ends, comprising means to wind up and release said other ends.
3. Apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein said pulleys are coaxial and have an axis extending transversely of a plane fixed relative to said bucket, said apparatus further comprising rocker means having an extent definIng said plane and coupling said pulleys to said bucket to allow the axis to pivot, within a further plane transverse of said first-named plane, relative to said bucket.
4. Apparatus as claimed in claim 3 wherein said pulleys are arranged substantially in said first-named plane.
5. Apparatus as claimed in claim 1 wherein said resilient link includes a guide element, and a spring-loaded device resiliently connected to said guide element.
6. Apparatus as claimed in claim 5 wherein said spring-loaded device includes a housing, a pressing member, means supporting said guide element, and a spring interposed between said pressing member and said housing for urging said pressing member toward said guide element.
7. Apparatus as claimed in claim 6 including wedge means in said housing and a conical member interposed between said wedge means and guide element.
US746093A 1968-07-19 1968-07-19 Straight-shovel-type working equipment of a single-bucket excavator Expired - Lifetime US3608755A (en)

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3990161A (en) * 1975-10-01 1976-11-09 Marion Power Shovel Company, Inc. Crowd system for power shovels
WO2000047830A1 (en) * 1999-02-12 2000-08-17 Bucyrus International, Inc. Crowd rope take-up system for a shovel
US20140007466A1 (en) * 2012-07-09 2014-01-09 Harnischfeger Technologies, Inc. Bail assembly
US20150345106A1 (en) * 2014-06-02 2015-12-03 Harnischfeger Technologies, Inc. Equalizer for a mining shovel
US9249554B2 (en) 2011-11-30 2016-02-02 Harnischfeger Technologies, Inc. Dipper bail

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1733753A (en) * 1926-09-03 1929-10-29 Ohio Power Shovel Company Power shovel
US2669449A (en) * 1951-03-27 1954-02-16 Joseph E Gross Shock absorber
FR1463269A (en) * 1965-12-30 1966-06-03 Mechanism transmitting by elastic device the driving force to the working member of machinery, in particular mechanical shovels

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1733753A (en) * 1926-09-03 1929-10-29 Ohio Power Shovel Company Power shovel
US2669449A (en) * 1951-03-27 1954-02-16 Joseph E Gross Shock absorber
FR1463269A (en) * 1965-12-30 1966-06-03 Mechanism transmitting by elastic device the driving force to the working member of machinery, in particular mechanical shovels

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3990161A (en) * 1975-10-01 1976-11-09 Marion Power Shovel Company, Inc. Crowd system for power shovels
WO2000047830A1 (en) * 1999-02-12 2000-08-17 Bucyrus International, Inc. Crowd rope take-up system for a shovel
US6168542B1 (en) 1999-02-12 2001-01-02 Bucyrus International, Inc. Crowd rope take-up system for mining shovel
US9249554B2 (en) 2011-11-30 2016-02-02 Harnischfeger Technologies, Inc. Dipper bail
US20140007466A1 (en) * 2012-07-09 2014-01-09 Harnischfeger Technologies, Inc. Bail assembly
CN103541384A (en) * 2012-07-09 2014-01-29 哈尼施费格尔技术公司 Bail assembly
US9783953B2 (en) * 2012-07-09 2017-10-10 Harnischfeger Technologies, Inc. Bail assembly
CN103541384B (en) * 2012-07-09 2018-06-26 哈尼施费格尔技术公司 Bearing support component
US20150345106A1 (en) * 2014-06-02 2015-12-03 Harnischfeger Technologies, Inc. Equalizer for a mining shovel
US10422105B2 (en) * 2014-06-02 2019-09-24 Joy Global Surface Mining Inc Equalizer for a mining shovel

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