US3605795A - Spindle valve - Google Patents
Spindle valve Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3605795A US3605795A US794537*A US3605795DA US3605795A US 3605795 A US3605795 A US 3605795A US 3605795D A US3605795D A US 3605795DA US 3605795 A US3605795 A US 3605795A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- siphon
- housing
- valve
- spindle
- closure means
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K49/00—Means in or on valves for heating or cooling
- F16K49/002—Electric heating means
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
- Y10T137/6416—With heating or cooling of the system
- Y10T137/6525—Air heated or cooled [fan, fins, or channels]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
- Y10T137/6416—With heating or cooling of the system
- Y10T137/6606—With electric heating element
Definitions
- a spindle valve for preventing the escape of an operating medium and resistant to extreme temperature differentials in said medium, the valve including a housing and an axially movable spindle having a closure means at one end adjacent a valve seat in the housing.
- a siphon surrounds the spindle and is spaced from the closure means, and a tube connects the closure means to the siphon.
- a siphon chamber exists between the siphon and the housing, and a narrow annulus exists between the tube and the housing. Cooling fins are connected to the housing adjacent the narrow annulus, and a heating means surrounds the siphon chamber.
- This invention concerns spindle valves generally, and specifically a device for sealing spindles axially movable in a housing to prevent the escape of an operating medium, for example, liquid sodium for use in nuclear reactors.
- a siphon surrounds the spindle and a narrow radial gap, relative to its length, is provided between the housing and the spindle axially between the siphon and a valve disk.
- metal siphons are preferably used for sealing.
- the usual materials lose so much in strength that the loading capacity of siphons made therefrom is very low.
- the corrosion increases considerably in these materials, particularly at temperatures over 600 C., which can lead to premature failure of the sealing elements in view of the small wall thicknesses of metal siphons.
- Metal alloys which show better strength properties at high temperatures, contain major portions of alloying elements, such as nickel, for example, which can be dissolved by liquid nickel at temperatures over 600 C., so that the sealing element may likewise fail.
- the object of the present invention is to avoid the above-mentioned disadvantages and to keep the siphon at a substantially constant temperature of 300 C., for example, substantially independent of the temperature of the operating medium.
- This is achieved according to the invention by an apparatus of the above-mentioned type by providing a cooling gap having cooling fins provided on its outer wall, and the siphon chamber can be heated, for example, by means of an electric heating coil surrounding it.
- the inner limiting surface of a coolable gap 1 is defined by a tube-like siphon 8 consisting of a stainless chrome-nickel steel accordian portion having one end attached to valve housing 5, and the other end having a tube 2 sealingly connected with a valve disk 4.
- the gas space 3 existing between the siphon 8 and a valve spindle 3 is filled with a protective gas, for example, argon, which can be introduced through a nipple 11.
- the gas space 3' is sealed by a stuffing box which comprises a packing 13 and a gland 12.
- the outer limiting surface of a coolable gap 1 is defined by a cylindrical part 6 of the housing provided with cylindrical, preferably outwardly extending radially-arranged cooling fins 7.
- the longitudinal zone of part 6 adjacent the siphon and adjoining the cooling fins 7 is embraced by a heating coil 9 by means of which siphon 8 is electrically heated.
- the heating coil 9 is surrounded at its sides remote of the siphon by a heat-insulating layer 10.
- the part 6 with the cooling fins 7 can easily be so dimensioned that, with constant intensity of the electric current traversing the heating coil 9, the temperature of the siphon 8 is practically independent of the temperature of the liquid sodium inside valve housing 5 and, on the other hand, the point of the lowest temperature in the liquid sodium is not in the area of the siphon chamber 8' but in the coolable gap 1. Elimination and concentration of impurities therefore takes place practically only in this gap 1, where the impurities are relatively harmless.
- the liquid sodium operating medium remains in its liquid state between the siphon 8 and interior 5 of the valve housing 5, even at operating temperatures which are close to the solidification point of liquid sodium, so that the discharge capac ity of the siphon chamber 8 is ensured.
- valve spindles In a liquid metal system of high temperatures, for example, in circuits of nuclear reactors with sodium cooling, high temperature-variation velocities are to be expected. These particularly impair the behavior of the fittings. Due to the unsymmetry of the currents around the control body of the valves, particularly in corner valves, valve spindles assume greatly varying temperatures under non-stationary temperature conditions because of the high heat transfer coefiicients of liquid metals, so that the valve spindles are bent and a proper operation of the valve is no longer certain.
- Another advantage of the above-described embodiment of the apparatus according to the invention consists in that thi disadvantage is positively avoided, since, on the one hand, a hollow space 3', preferably filled with protective gas, is provided between the tube 2 and the valve spindle 3, and on the other hand, the tube 2 is only clamped on one end. It can therefore be freely deformed by the above-mentioned temperature shock, with only negligible siphon forces acting as restoring forces.
- the valve spindle itself remains unaffected by the temperature shock due to the insulating effect of the gas space, and therefore retains its shape.
- the tubular part can be so dimensioned that it has a practically unlimited life both in view of the corrosion stress at the high temperatures and of the internal stresses due to the temperature shock.
- a spindle valve which includes a housing, an axially movable spindle having closure means formed on movable spindle, said siphon comprising a tube at said one end of said spindle spaced from the housing to form a narrow gap as compared to the length of the gap, and a bellows at said other end of said spindle spaced from the housing to form a siphon chamber; cooling means arranged on the housing adjacent said narrow gap; and heating means arranged on the housing adjacent said bellows, wherein the medium present in said narrow gap is cooled and that portion of the medium present in said siphon chamber is heated.
- cooling means are cooling ribs attached to that portion of the housing surrounding said narrow gap.
Abstract
A SPINDLE VALVE FOR PREVENTING THE ESCAPE OF AN OPERATING MEDIUM AND RESISTANT TO EXTREME TEMPERATURE DIFFERENTIALS IN SAID MEDIUM, THE VALVE INCLUDING A HOUSING AND AN AXIALLY MOVABLY SPINDLE HAVING A CLOSURE MEANS AT ONE END ADJACENT A VALVE SEAT IN THE HOUSING. A SIPHON SURROUNDS THE SPINDLE AND IS SPACED FROM THE CLOSURE MEANS, AND A TUBE CONNECTS THE CLOSURE MEANS TO THE SIPHON. A SIPHON CHAMBER EXISTS BETWEEN THE SIPHON AND THE HOUSING, AND A NARROW ANNULUS EXISTS BETWEEN THE TUBE AND THE HOUSING. COOLING FINS ARE ARE CONNECTED TO THE HOUSING ADJACENT THE NARROW ANNULUS, AND A HEATING MEANS SURROUNDS THE SIPHON CHAMBER.
Description
Sept. 20, 1971 s. RAJAKOVICS SPINDLE VALVE Filed Jan. 2871969- llifl .ll/llllI/l ooo ooooo" /n van (or:
q "M w K G 0 10M 0M FM M A D United States Patent Oflice Patented Sept. 20, 1971 3,605,795 SPINDLE VALVE Gundolf Rajakovics, Kapfenberg, Austria, assignor to Gebr. Bohler & C0. Aktiengesellschaft, Kapfenberg,
Austria Filed Jan. 28, 1969, Ser. No. 794,537 Claims priority, application27Austria, Jan. 29, 1968,
Int. Cl. F16k 49/00 US. Cl. 137-338 Claims ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE A spindle valve for preventing the escape of an operating medium and resistant to extreme temperature differentials in said medium, the valve including a housing and an axially movable spindle having a closure means at one end adjacent a valve seat in the housing. A siphon surrounds the spindle and is spaced from the closure means, and a tube connects the closure means to the siphon. A siphon chamber exists between the siphon and the housing, and a narrow annulus exists between the tube and the housing. Cooling fins are connected to the housing adjacent the narrow annulus, and a heating means surrounds the siphon chamber.
This invention concerns spindle valves generally, and specifically a device for sealing spindles axially movable in a housing to prevent the escape of an operating medium, for example, liquid sodium for use in nuclear reactors. A siphon surrounds the spindle and a narrow radial gap, relative to its length, is provided between the housing and the spindle axially between the siphon and a valve disk.
The sealing of liquid valves represents a special problem when confronted with excessive temperatures, par ticularly if great nominal widths and strokes are required. Since the seal must be completely gas-tight, metal siphons are preferably used for sealing. At high temperatures the usual materials lose so much in strength that the loading capacity of siphons made therefrom is very low. in addition, the corrosion increases considerably in these materials, particularly at temperatures over 600 C., which can lead to premature failure of the sealing elements in view of the small wall thicknesses of metal siphons. Metal alloys, which show better strength properties at high temperatures, contain major portions of alloying elements, such as nickel, for example, which can be dissolved by liquid nickel at temperatures over 600 C., so that the sealing element may likewise fail.
It is logical to cool the area where the siphon is arranged so that it attains a lower temperature level than the operating medium in the valve. Such a solution has the disadvantage, however, that dissolved impurities of the liquid metals, particularly the oxides thereof, travel in the coldest spot of the valve, that spot being the siphon. The result is a concentration of alkali-metal oxide in the area of the siphon, which can lead to a very rapid destruction of the siphon by corrosion. Besides, there is a danger that when the valve is used at low temperatures, the temperature at the location of the siphon will drop down to the solidification point of the operating medium (particularly in the case of sodium) and the siphon is therefore mechanically destroyed when the valve is actuated, due to solidification of the operating medium.
The object of the present invention is to avoid the above-mentioned disadvantages and to keep the siphon at a substantially constant temperature of 300 C., for example, substantially independent of the temperature of the operating medium. This is achieved according to the invention by an apparatus of the above-mentioned type by providing a cooling gap having cooling fins provided on its outer wall, and the siphon chamber can be heated, for example, by means of an electric heating coil surrounding it.
Further details of the apparatus according to the invention will result from the following description of an embodiment of the invention which is represented schematically in the drawing, showing a valve for liquid sodium in a longitudinal section.
The inner limiting surface of a coolable gap 1 is defined by a tube-like siphon 8 consisting of a stainless chrome-nickel steel accordian portion having one end attached to valve housing 5, and the other end having a tube 2 sealingly connected with a valve disk 4. The gas space 3 existing between the siphon 8 and a valve spindle 3 is filled with a protective gas, for example, argon, which can be introduced through a nipple 11. The gas space 3' is sealed by a stuffing box which comprises a packing 13 and a gland 12. The outer limiting surface of a coolable gap 1 is defined by a cylindrical part 6 of the housing provided with cylindrical, preferably outwardly extending radially-arranged cooling fins 7. The longitudinal zone of part 6 adjacent the siphon and adjoining the cooling fins 7 is embraced by a heating coil 9 by means of which siphon 8 is electrically heated. The heating coil 9 is surrounded at its sides remote of the siphon by a heat-insulating layer 10. The part 6 with the cooling fins 7 can easily be so dimensioned that, with constant intensity of the electric current traversing the heating coil 9, the temperature of the siphon 8 is practically independent of the temperature of the liquid sodium inside valve housing 5 and, on the other hand, the point of the lowest temperature in the liquid sodium is not in the area of the siphon chamber 8' but in the coolable gap 1. Elimination and concentration of impurities therefore takes place practically only in this gap 1, where the impurities are relatively harmless. The liquid sodium operating medium remains in its liquid state between the siphon 8 and interior 5 of the valve housing 5, even at operating temperatures which are close to the solidification point of liquid sodium, so that the discharge capac ity of the siphon chamber 8 is ensured.
In a liquid metal system of high temperatures, for example, in circuits of nuclear reactors with sodium cooling, high temperature-variation velocities are to be expected. These particularly impair the behavior of the fittings. Due to the unsymmetry of the currents around the control body of the valves, particularly in corner valves, valve spindles assume greatly varying temperatures under non-stationary temperature conditions because of the high heat transfer coefiicients of liquid metals, so that the valve spindles are bent and a proper operation of the valve is no longer certain. Another advantage of the above-described embodiment of the apparatus according to the invention consists in that thi disadvantage is positively avoided, since, on the one hand, a hollow space 3', preferably filled with protective gas, is provided between the tube 2 and the valve spindle 3, and on the other hand, the tube 2 is only clamped on one end. It can therefore be freely deformed by the above-mentioned temperature shock, with only negligible siphon forces acting as restoring forces. The valve spindle itself remains unaffected by the temperature shock due to the insulating effect of the gas space, and therefore retains its shape. The tubular part can be so dimensioned that it has a practically unlimited life both in view of the corrosion stress at the high temperatures and of the internal stresses due to the temperature shock.
What I claim is:
1. In a spindle valve which includes a housing, an axially movable spindle having closure means formed on movable spindle, said siphon comprising a tube at said one end of said spindle spaced from the housing to form a narrow gap as compared to the length of the gap, and a bellows at said other end of said spindle spaced from the housing to form a siphon chamber; cooling means arranged on the housing adjacent said narrow gap; and heating means arranged on the housing adjacent said bellows, wherein the medium present in said narrow gap is cooled and that portion of the medium present in said siphon chamber is heated.
2. A spindle valve as claimed in claim 1 wherein said heating means is a resistance heating coil wrapped around a portion of said housing and heat insulating means surrounds said coil to direct the heat inwardly toward said siphon chamber.
3. A spindle valve as claimed in claim 1 wherein said liquid operating medium is sodium; said bellows is made of stainless steel and said heating means keeps the sodium in said siphon chamber at a substantially constant temperature of 300 C.
4. A spindle valve as claimed in claim 1 wherein said cooling means are cooling ribs attached to that portion of the housing surrounding said narrow gap.
5. A spindle valve as claimed in claim 1 wherein said narrow gap is an annulus and the inlet and outlet passages are at approximately right angles to each other.
References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 3,028,874 4/1962 Burkett 137340 3,075,542 1/1963 Diesing 137338 3,101,094 8/1963 McKenzie 137--34O 3,110,319 11/1963 Arata et al. 137-840 3,131,713 5/1964 Kelley 137-340 3,211,169 10/1965 Webb 137-340 3,228,414 1/1966 Zerigian l37340 SAMUEL SCOTT, Primary Examiner US. Cl. X.R. l37341
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT82768*#A AT327335B (en) | 1968-01-29 | 1968-01-29 | DEVICE FOR SEALING SPINDLES, ESPECIALLY FOR VALVES FOR LIQUID METALS, SUCH AS LIQUID SODIUM, E.G. IN NUCLEAR REACTORS |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3605795A true US3605795A (en) | 1971-09-20 |
Family
ID=3500671
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US794537*A Expired - Lifetime US3605795A (en) | 1968-01-29 | 1969-01-28 | Spindle valve |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3605795A (en) |
AT (1) | AT327335B (en) |
CH (1) | CH482967A (en) |
CS (1) | CS150660B2 (en) |
DE (1) | DE1902810A1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2000886A1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB1213113A (en) |
SE (1) | SE345924B (en) |
Cited By (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2541416A1 (en) * | 1983-02-17 | 1984-08-24 | Ducroux Sa | Direct passage valve with a solidified joint |
US5224510A (en) * | 1989-11-08 | 1993-07-06 | Ciba-Geigy Corporation | Valve |
US5678595A (en) * | 1995-12-21 | 1997-10-21 | Benkan Corporation | Vacuum exhaust valve |
US5915410A (en) * | 1996-02-01 | 1999-06-29 | Zajac; John | Pneumatically operated positive shutoff throttle valve |
US5965046A (en) * | 1996-04-17 | 1999-10-12 | Applied Materials, Inc. | Method and apparatus for baking out a gate valve in a semiconductor processing system |
CN104482238A (en) * | 2014-10-31 | 2015-04-01 | 双恒阀门有限公司 | High-temperature fused salt conveying throttle valve |
CN104482286A (en) * | 2014-10-31 | 2015-04-01 | 双恒阀门有限公司 | Fused salt transfer valve |
CN107044563A (en) * | 2017-02-08 | 2017-08-15 | 江苏神通阀门股份有限公司 | low temperature valve stuffing box structure |
CN107477191A (en) * | 2017-08-23 | 2017-12-15 | 上海空间推进研究所 | A kind of spacecraft liquid alkali metal valve |
US20180312279A1 (en) * | 2017-04-26 | 2018-11-01 | Marotta Controls, Inc. | Electronic pressure regulation system with proportional control valve |
CN113216891A (en) * | 2021-04-21 | 2021-08-06 | 江苏腾龙石化机械有限公司 | Unfreezing petroleum wellhead |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3129140A1 (en) * | 1981-07-23 | 1983-02-03 | Kraftwerk Union AG, 4330 Mülheim | Electrohydraulic actuator for turbine valves |
FR2536825A1 (en) * | 1982-11-29 | 1984-06-01 | Electricite De France | Device of the magnetically-controlled valve type comprising a reducer. |
FR2536822A1 (en) * | 1982-11-29 | 1984-06-01 | Electricite De France | Device of the magnetically-controlled valve type comprising a roller screw. |
GB2135027A (en) * | 1983-02-12 | 1984-08-22 | John George Frederick Spicer | Fluid flow control valves |
DE3313999A1 (en) * | 1983-04-18 | 1984-10-25 | Danfoss A/S, Nordborg | THERMAL ACTUATOR, ESPECIALLY FOR VALVES |
FR2559568B1 (en) * | 1984-02-10 | 1986-07-04 | Novatome | DEVICE FOR COOLING THE SLEEVE OF THE CONTROL ROD OF A FIXED JOINT TAP |
CN109994220B (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2024-03-19 | 核工业西南物理研究院 | Double-layer electrified waterway penetrating piece for fusion reactor vacuum side |
-
1968
- 1968-01-29 AT AT82768*#A patent/AT327335B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1969
- 1969-01-20 CH CH103369A patent/CH482967A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1969-01-21 DE DE19691902810 patent/DE1902810A1/en active Pending
- 1969-01-27 FR FR6901498A patent/FR2000886A1/en active Granted
- 1969-01-28 SE SE1126/69A patent/SE345924B/xx unknown
- 1969-01-28 GB GB4612/69A patent/GB1213113A/en not_active Expired
- 1969-01-28 US US794537*A patent/US3605795A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1969-01-29 CS CS567A patent/CS150660B2/cs unknown
Cited By (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2541416A1 (en) * | 1983-02-17 | 1984-08-24 | Ducroux Sa | Direct passage valve with a solidified joint |
US5224510A (en) * | 1989-11-08 | 1993-07-06 | Ciba-Geigy Corporation | Valve |
US5678595A (en) * | 1995-12-21 | 1997-10-21 | Benkan Corporation | Vacuum exhaust valve |
US5915410A (en) * | 1996-02-01 | 1999-06-29 | Zajac; John | Pneumatically operated positive shutoff throttle valve |
US5965046A (en) * | 1996-04-17 | 1999-10-12 | Applied Materials, Inc. | Method and apparatus for baking out a gate valve in a semiconductor processing system |
US6274854B1 (en) | 1996-04-17 | 2001-08-14 | Applied Materials, Inc. | Method and apparatus for baking out a gate valve in a semiconductor processing system |
CN104482238A (en) * | 2014-10-31 | 2015-04-01 | 双恒阀门有限公司 | High-temperature fused salt conveying throttle valve |
CN104482286A (en) * | 2014-10-31 | 2015-04-01 | 双恒阀门有限公司 | Fused salt transfer valve |
CN104482286B (en) * | 2014-10-31 | 2018-12-28 | 双恒阀门有限公司 | A kind of fused salt transhipment valve |
CN104482238B (en) * | 2014-10-31 | 2019-01-04 | 双恒阀门有限公司 | A kind of high-temperature molten salt conveying throttle valve |
CN107044563A (en) * | 2017-02-08 | 2017-08-15 | 江苏神通阀门股份有限公司 | low temperature valve stuffing box structure |
US20180312279A1 (en) * | 2017-04-26 | 2018-11-01 | Marotta Controls, Inc. | Electronic pressure regulation system with proportional control valve |
CN107477191A (en) * | 2017-08-23 | 2017-12-15 | 上海空间推进研究所 | A kind of spacecraft liquid alkali metal valve |
CN113216891A (en) * | 2021-04-21 | 2021-08-06 | 江苏腾龙石化机械有限公司 | Unfreezing petroleum wellhead |
CN113216891B (en) * | 2021-04-21 | 2022-05-31 | 江苏腾龙石化机械有限公司 | Unfreezing petroleum wellhead |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2000886A1 (en) | 1969-09-19 |
ATA82768A (en) | 1975-04-15 |
GB1213113A (en) | 1970-11-18 |
AT327335B (en) | 1976-01-26 |
CH482967A (en) | 1969-12-15 |
CS150660B2 (en) | 1973-09-04 |
SE345924B (en) | 1972-06-12 |
FR2000886B1 (en) | 1973-12-21 |
DE1902810A1 (en) | 1969-09-11 |
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