US3604106A - Fastener retainer - Google Patents

Fastener retainer Download PDF

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Publication number
US3604106A
US3604106A US23417A US3604106DA US3604106A US 3604106 A US3604106 A US 3604106A US 23417 A US23417 A US 23417A US 3604106D A US3604106D A US 3604106DA US 3604106 A US3604106 A US 3604106A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
fastener
gripping member
groove
slide
wrench
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US23417A
Inventor
John A Borries
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ROTOR TOOL Corp
RT ACQUIRING CORP A CORP OF
Original Assignee
Cooper Industries LLC
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Cooper Industries LLC filed Critical Cooper Industries LLC
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3604106A publication Critical patent/US3604106A/en
Assigned to R.T. ACQUIRING CORP., A CORP. OF reassignment R.T. ACQUIRING CORP., A CORP. OF ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: COOPER INDUSTRIES, INC.
Assigned to ROTOR TOOL CORPORATION reassignment ROTOR TOOL CORPORATION CHANGE OF NAME (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: R.T. ACQUIRING CORP.
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Assigned to NATIONAL ACCEPTANCE COMPANY OF CALIFORNIA, A CA CORP. reassignment NATIONAL ACCEPTANCE COMPANY OF CALIFORNIA, A CA CORP. SECURITY INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: ROTOR TOOL COMPANY, THE
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B23/00—Details of, or accessories for, spanners, wrenches, screwdrivers
    • B25B23/0071—Abutment for screws or nuts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B13/00—Spanners; Wrenches
    • B25B13/02—Spanners; Wrenches with rigid jaws
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B13/00—Spanners; Wrenches
    • B25B13/02—Spanners; Wrenches with rigid jaws
    • B25B13/08—Spanners; Wrenches with rigid jaws of open jaw type
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
    • Y10T29/4984—Retaining clearance for motion between assembled parts
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49998—Work holding

Definitions

  • a fastener retainer for positioning opensocketed wrenches and the like upon a fastener.
  • the retainer includes captive grooves extending across the width of the interior surface of a wrench-gripping member. Each groove retains for longitudinal movement between two slide-limit stops a bearing which protrudes from the open face of the groove inwardly from the interior surface of the wrenchgripping member.
  • 1,550,436 shows a retainer in a position contiguous with, and overlapping one side of the jaws of a conventional'open-socketed wrench. This has the disadvantage of pennitting the application from only one side of the wrenchgripping member to the fastener without removing and replacing the retainer on the opposite face of the wrench.
  • FIG. 1 is a plan view of a power-driven tubing wrenchgripping member about to be placed upon a fastener
  • FIG. 2 is a partially fragmented, elevational view of a tubing wrench-grippingmember about to be placed upon a fastener and including the retainer of this invention
  • FIG. 3 is a plan view of a power-driven tubing wrenchgripping member in position over the head of a fastener
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 4-4 of FIG. 3 of a tubing wrench-gripping member in place over a fastener;
  • FIG. 5 is a fragmented, elevational view of the interior surface of a tubing wrench-gripping member showing the retainer detent in detail;
  • FIG. 6 is a plan view of a hand-operated wrench embodying the invention.
  • a wrench-gripping member 10 embodying the invention is surrounded by a housing 11 with means for rotating the member 10 and defining an interior such as are disclosed in my copending application Ser. No. 724,408 filed Apr. 9, I968 now US. Pat. No. 3,535,960 granted Oct. 27, I970.
  • the inner faces 12 of the member 10 define the wrench socket, in this case, designed for a hexagonal nut.
  • captive grooves 13 are located across the axial width (line a-a'in FIG. 5) of the gripping member 10.
  • Each captive groove 13 retains a detent or bearing 14 for movement along the length of said groove 13 between two slide-limit stops 15 spaced on either side of said bearing 14.
  • the groove 13 extends substantially across the axial width (line a-a' of FIG. 5) of the gripping member 10 and the slide-limit stops 1'5 are located at both extremities of each of said grooves 13.
  • the captive groove 13 has an open face 16, the chord of which is less than the diameter of the bearing I4.
  • the bearing 14 is thereby slidably retained in the groove 13 while a segment of said bearing 14 protrudes inwardly from the open face 16 and thus beyond the inner surface of the gripping member 10. It is to be understood that this invention is not limited to bearings but is intended to include any other fastener retainer having a slidable protruding member located in a captive groove.
  • the gripping member 10 is placed in relationship above a fastener 17 and moved axially over said fastener 17 which contacts the protruding segment of the bearing 14.
  • the bearing 14 is then moved ahead of the fastener 17 along its groove 13 until it is forced against the slide-limit stop 15.
  • the gripping member 10 is thereby retained in place with a substantial portion of its axial width (line a-a of FIG. 5) in contact with the periphery of the fastener 17. It can be seen that, regardless of which side of the gripping member 10 is brought into initial contact with the fastener 17, the gripping member 10 will receive a substantial portion of said fastener 17 before being axially retained in place by the protruding bearings. 1.
  • the retainer of this invention enables the wrench to be installed from either side and to receive the fastener to a proper depth for high-torque applications and insures against slipping axially off the nut.
  • FIG. 6 shows a hand wrench of conventional nature having a single fastener retainer in accordance with this invention.
  • a fastener retainer comprising a gripping member with an opening defined by a geometrical inner surface complementary to the periphery of a fastener whereby said fastener may be axially received by said gripping member, at least one open groove having spaced-apart slide-limit stops and extending axially across said inner surface, a protruding member slidably positioned in said groove and extending inwardly therefrom and beyond said inner surface of said gripping member.
  • An open-ended fastener retainer comprising a gripping member with an opening defined by a hexagonal inner surface complementary to the periphery of a hexagonal fastener whereby said fastener may be axially received by said gripping member, two opposed captive grooves having spaced-apart slide-limit stops and extending axially substantially across said inner surface of said gripping member, a protruding ball bean ing slidably positioned in said grooves from extending inwardly therefrom and beyond said inner surface of said hexagonal gripping member.

Abstract

A fastener retainer for positioning open-socketed wrenches and the like upon a fastener. The retainer includes captive grooves extending across the width of the interior surface of a wrenchgripping member. Each groove retains for longitudinal movement between two slide-limit stops a bearing which protrudes from the open face of the groove inwardly from the interior surface of the wrench-gripping member. When a fastener is received axially from either side of the wrench-gripping member, the protruding bearings contact and move ahead of the fastener until forced against a slide-limit stop. The wrench is thereby held in position with a substantial portion of its socket depth in contact with the periphery of the fastener.

Description

United States Patent 559,526; 81/1 19,90 93, 124.1, 185, 186,57.39, 125,582, 121 R, 121 A, 121 B, 57.3,58,59.1, 60, 61
Primary Examiner-James 1,. Jones, Jr. Attorney-Owen & Owen ABSTRACT: A fastener retainer for positioning opensocketed wrenches and the like upon a fastener. The retainer includes captive grooves extending across the width of the interior surface of a wrench-gripping member. Each groove retains for longitudinal movement between two slide-limit stops a bearing which protrudes from the open face of the groove inwardly from the interior surface of the wrenchgripping member. When a fastener is received axially from either side of the wrench-gripping member, the protruding bearings contact and move ahead of the fastener until forced against a slide-limit stop. The wrench is thereby held in posi tion with a substantial portion of its socket depth in contact with the periphery of the fastener.
PATENTED SEP 1 419m INVIiN'I'OR: DHHIE 5 JUHN A. .B
BY aa-way-w ATTYE.
Conventional open-socketed Wrenches, unlike closedsocketed varieties having one blind end, can easily slip axially out of position when applied to a fastener. It is for this reason that in power-driven wrenches, or in hand-driven wrenches where limited access or high-torque requirements are present, that a closed-socketed wrench has been preferred. In some applications, where, for example, the fastener must be guided along a shaft to form a coupling or where the driven element is not located near either extremity of the fastener, it is impossible to use a blind or closed socketed wrench.
Previous attempts to provide a simple and reliable fastener retainer for conventional crescent, box-end and other opensocketed wrenches are known in the art. US. Pat. No.
1,550,436, for example, shows a retainer in a position contiguous with, and overlapping one side of the jaws of a conventional'open-socketed wrench. This has the disadvantage of pennitting the application from only one side of the wrenchgripping member to the fastener without removing and replacing the retainer on the opposite face of the wrench.
US. Pat. No. 2,l97,283 shows opposed inwardly tapering jaws which, at the axial midpoint of the gripping member,
create an opening smaller than the outer periphery of a fastener base. The tapered jaws thus retain the wrench in place when they abut the head of a fastener axially received by the gripping member. This construction is fully reversible without any adjustment by the operator. However, since the tapered jaws receive the fastener only as far as about one-half of the socket depth of the gripping member, the wrench may slip off a conventionally designed fastener and the wrench and fastener may be unduly stressed in high-torque applications.
It is therefore the primary object of the present invention to provide a fastener retainer for open-socketed wrenches and the like which facilitates the receipt of a fastener from either face of a wrench and which will receive the fastener substantially throughout the entire socket depth of the gripping member.
Other objects and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments thereof, reference being made to the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a plan view of a power-driven tubing wrenchgripping member about to be placed upon a fastener;
FIG. 2 is a partially fragmented, elevational view of a tubing wrench-grippingmember about to be placed upon a fastener and including the retainer of this invention;
FIG. 3 is a plan view of a power-driven tubing wrenchgripping member in position over the head of a fastener;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 4-4 of FIG. 3 of a tubing wrench-gripping member in place over a fastener;
FIG. 5 is a fragmented, elevational view of the interior surface of a tubing wrench-gripping member showing the retainer detent in detail; and
FIG. 6 is a plan view of a hand-operated wrench embodying the invention.
Referring to FIGS. 1-4, a wrench-gripping member 10 embodying the invention is surrounded by a housing 11 with means for rotating the member 10 and defining an interior such as are disclosed in my copending application Ser. No. 724,408 filed Apr. 9, I968 now US. Pat. No. 3,535,960 granted Oct. 27, I970. The inner faces 12 of the member 10 define the wrench socket, in this case, designed for a hexagonal nut. As can best be seen in FIGS. 2-5, captive grooves 13 are located across the axial width (line a-a'in FIG. 5) of the gripping member 10.
Each captive groove 13 retains a detent or bearing 14 for movement along the length of said groove 13 between two slide-limit stops 15 spaced on either side of said bearing 14. In the preferred embodiment of the invention,- the groove 13 extends substantially across the axial width (line a-a' of FIG. 5) of the gripping member 10 and the slide-limit stops 1'5 are located at both extremities of each of said grooves 13.
The captive groove 13 has an open face 16, the chord of which is less than the diameter of the bearing I4. The bearing 14 is thereby slidably retained in the groove 13 while a segment of said bearing 14 protrudes inwardly from the open face 16 and thus beyond the inner surface of the gripping member 10. It is to be understood that this invention is not limited to bearings but is intended to include any other fastener retainer having a slidable protruding member located in a captive groove.
In operation, the gripping member 10 is placed in relationship above a fastener 17 and moved axially over said fastener 17 which contacts the protruding segment of the bearing 14. The bearing 14 is then moved ahead of the fastener 17 along its groove 13 until it is forced against the slide-limit stop 15. The gripping member 10 is thereby retained in place with a substantial portion of its axial width (line a-a of FIG. 5) in contact with the periphery of the fastener 17. It can be seen that, regardless of which side of the gripping member 10 is brought into initial contact with the fastener 17, the gripping member 10 will receive a substantial portion of said fastener 17 before being axially retained in place by the protruding bearings. 1..
Thus, the retainer of this invention enables the wrench to be installed from either side and to receive the fastener to a proper depth for high-torque applications and insures against slipping axially off the nut.
FIG. 6 shows a hand wrench of conventional nature having a single fastener retainer in accordance with this invention.
Modifications to the above-described embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art and can be made without departing from the scope of the invention defined in the accompanying claims.
Iclaim:
l. A fastener retainer comprising a gripping member with an opening defined by a geometrical inner surface complementary to the periphery of a fastener whereby said fastener may be axially received by said gripping member, at least one open groove having spaced-apart slide-limit stops and extending axially across said inner surface, a protruding member slidably positioned in said groove and extending inwardly therefrom and beyond said inner surface of said gripping member.
2. A fastener retainer according to claim I wherein said groove extends substantially across the axial width of the inner surface of the gripping member.
3. A fastener retainer according to claim 1 whereinthe slide-limit stops are positioned at or near the extremities of said groove.
4. An open-ended fastener retainer comprising a gripping member with an opening defined by a hexagonal inner surface complementary to the periphery of a hexagonal fastener whereby said fastener may be axially received by said gripping member, two opposed captive grooves having spaced-apart slide-limit stops and extending axially substantially across said inner surface of said gripping member, a protruding ball bean ing slidably positioned in said grooves from extending inwardly therefrom and beyond said inner surface of said hexagonal gripping member.
5. A method of retaining a fastener within a gripping member having an opening defined by a geometrical inner surface complementary to the periphery of a fastener whereby said fastener may be axially received by said gripping member, at least one open groove having spaced-apart slide-limit stops and extending axially across said inner surface, and a protruding member slidably positioned in said groove and extending inwardly therefrom and beyond said inner surface of said gripping member, comprising the steps of placing the gripping member axially over the periphery of a fastener, and causing said fastener to contact and slide said protruding member against a slide-limit stop at one end of said groove to thereby retain the grippingmember in position on the fastener.

Claims (5)

1. A fastener retainer comprising a gripping member with an opening defined by a geometrical inner surface complementary to the periphery of a fastener whereby said fastener may be axially received by said gripping member, at least one open groove having spaced-apart slide-limit stops and extending axially across said inner surface, a protruding member slidably positioned in said groove and extending inwardly therefrom and beyond said inner surface of said gripping member.
2. A fastener retainer according to claim 1 wherein said groove extends substantially across the axial width of the inner surface of the gripping member.
3. A fastener retainer according to claim 1 wherein the slide-limit stops are positioned at or near the extremities of said grooVe.
4. An open-ended fastener retainer comprising a gripping member with an opening defined by a hexagonal inner surface complementary to the periphery of a hexagonal fastener whereby said fastener may be axially received by said gripping member, two opposed captive grooves having spaced-apart slide-limit stops and extending axially substantially across said inner surface of said gripping member, a protruding ball bearing slidably positioned in said grooves from extending inwardly therefrom and beyond said inner surface of said hexagonal gripping member.
5. A method of retaining a fastener within a gripping member having an opening defined by a geometrical inner surface complementary to the periphery of a fastener whereby said fastener may be axially received by said gripping member, at least one open groove having spaced-apart slide-limit stops and extending axially across said inner surface, and a protruding member slidably positioned in said groove and extending inwardly therefrom and beyond said inner surface of said gripping member, comprising the steps of placing the gripping member axially over the periphery of a fastener, and causing said fastener to contact and slide said protruding member against a slide-limit stop at one end of said groove to thereby retain the gripping member in position on the fastener.
US23417A 1970-03-27 1970-03-27 Fastener retainer Expired - Lifetime US3604106A (en)

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Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5544553A (en) * 1994-02-24 1996-08-13 Galat; Donald E. Off-set geared nutrunner attachment
US5983758A (en) * 1997-08-12 1999-11-16 Tanner; William Russell Box wrench and socket wrench having stopper portions for preventing slippage along a nut or a bolt head
US6688195B1 (en) * 2002-08-07 2004-02-10 Chih-Ching Hsien Bi-directional ratchet wrench
US20040099101A1 (en) * 2002-11-25 2004-05-27 Chih-Ching Hsien Wrench capable of optionally avoiding detachment of a bolt head member and allowing detachment of the bolt head member
US6779423B2 (en) 2002-07-12 2004-08-24 Honda Motor Co., Ltd. Kickoff socket
DE102008055559A1 (en) 2008-12-19 2010-06-24 Wera-Werk Hermann Werner Gmbh & Co. Kg Ring mouth key
US9186780B2 (en) 2013-03-13 2015-11-17 Huwe Inc Hammer union wrench
US9993911B1 (en) * 2014-01-13 2018-06-12 Anthony Santangelo Wrench system; side loading, insert using, ratcheting, open end, pass through, socket, quick changing, fastener retaining, reversible, manual or powered, variable high speed, torque sensing, flare nut
US10668601B2 (en) 2016-02-05 2020-06-02 Nelsen Technologies Inc. Hammer union wrench
US10898991B2 (en) 2015-08-31 2021-01-26 Mountain Valley Supply, Llc Hammer union securement methods and apparatus

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1157427A (en) * 1915-07-29 1915-10-19 Michael Vern Seivert Wrench.
US1711694A (en) * 1926-08-04 1929-05-07 Saffold James Webb Wrench
US3104458A (en) * 1960-12-05 1963-09-24 Creative Res Corp Apparatus and method for positioning, arranging and coupling components

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1157427A (en) * 1915-07-29 1915-10-19 Michael Vern Seivert Wrench.
US1711694A (en) * 1926-08-04 1929-05-07 Saffold James Webb Wrench
US3104458A (en) * 1960-12-05 1963-09-24 Creative Res Corp Apparatus and method for positioning, arranging and coupling components

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5544553A (en) * 1994-02-24 1996-08-13 Galat; Donald E. Off-set geared nutrunner attachment
US5983758A (en) * 1997-08-12 1999-11-16 Tanner; William Russell Box wrench and socket wrench having stopper portions for preventing slippage along a nut or a bolt head
US6779423B2 (en) 2002-07-12 2004-08-24 Honda Motor Co., Ltd. Kickoff socket
US6688195B1 (en) * 2002-08-07 2004-02-10 Chih-Ching Hsien Bi-directional ratchet wrench
US20040099101A1 (en) * 2002-11-25 2004-05-27 Chih-Ching Hsien Wrench capable of optionally avoiding detachment of a bolt head member and allowing detachment of the bolt head member
WO2010069783A2 (en) 2008-12-19 2010-06-24 Wera - Werk Hermann Werner Gmbh & Co. Kg Combination wrench
DE102008055559A1 (en) 2008-12-19 2010-06-24 Wera-Werk Hermann Werner Gmbh & Co. Kg Ring mouth key
EP2402115A1 (en) 2008-12-19 2012-01-04 Wera - Werk Hermann Werner GmbH & Co. KG Combination wrench
US8459153B2 (en) 2008-12-19 2013-06-11 Wera-Werk Hermann Werner Gmbh & Co. Kg Combination wrench
DE102008055559B4 (en) * 2008-12-19 2019-11-07 Wera Werkzeuge Gmbh Ring mouth key
US9186780B2 (en) 2013-03-13 2015-11-17 Huwe Inc Hammer union wrench
US9993911B1 (en) * 2014-01-13 2018-06-12 Anthony Santangelo Wrench system; side loading, insert using, ratcheting, open end, pass through, socket, quick changing, fastener retaining, reversible, manual or powered, variable high speed, torque sensing, flare nut
US10898991B2 (en) 2015-08-31 2021-01-26 Mountain Valley Supply, Llc Hammer union securement methods and apparatus
US10668601B2 (en) 2016-02-05 2020-06-02 Nelsen Technologies Inc. Hammer union wrench

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Publication number Publication date
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AS Assignment

Owner name: R.T. ACQUIRING CORP., A CORP. OF, DELAWARE

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:COOPER INDUSTRIES, INC.;REEL/FRAME:003841/0981

Effective date: 19810113

Owner name: R.T. ACQUIRING CORP., A CORP. OF DE.

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:COOPER INDUSTRIES, INC.;REEL/FRAME:003841/0981

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Free format text: CHANGE OF NAME;ASSIGNOR:R.T. ACQUIRING CORP.;REEL/FRAME:003844/0231

Effective date: 19810113

Owner name: ROTOR TOOL CORPORATION

Free format text: CHANGE OF NAME;ASSIGNOR:R.T. ACQUIRING CORP.;REEL/FRAME:003844/0231

Effective date: 19810113

AS Assignment

Owner name: NATIONAL ACCEPTANCE COMPANY OF CALIFORNIA, A CA CO

Free format text: SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:ROTOR TOOL COMPANY, THE;REEL/FRAME:005251/0105

Effective date: 19861219