US3603441A

US3603441A - Apparatus for sensing the orientation of flat article having a raised portion one side thereof

Info

Publication number: US3603441A
Application number: US14914A
Authority: US
Inventors: Willie T Ansell; James C Mcconnell
Original assignee: Western Electric Co Inc
Current assignee: AT&T Corp
Priority date: 1970-02-27
Filing date: 1970-02-27
Publication date: 1971-09-07
Anticipated expiration: 1988-09-07

Abstract

An apparatus senses the orientation of a flat article having a raised portion on one side thereof by forcing the article against a wall where a valve stem is depressed if the raised portion faces the wall. A valve enclosing a chamber is opened by the depression of the valve stem to release fluid pressure from within the chamber. Pressure-sensing facilities operated by the fluid pressure in the chamber control an orientating mechanism to insure that all articles are placed into a predetermined orientation.

Description

United States Patent [72] Inventors Willie T. Ansell;

James C. McConnell, both of Winston- Salem, N.C. [2!] App]. No. 14,914 [22] Filed Feb. 27, 1970 [45] Patented Sept. 7, I971 [73] Assignee Western ElectricCompany, Incorporated New York, N.Y.

[54] APPARATUS FOR SENSING THE ORIENTATION 0F FLAT ARTICLE flAVING A RAISED PORTION ONE SIDE THEREOF 4 Claims, 4 Drawing Figs.

[52] [1.8. CI 193/43 A, 198/33 AC, 302/2 51 Int. Cl B65g 47/24 [50] Field of Search 193/43 R, 43 A; 198/33 AC, 43; 221/298; l9/37; 219/75; 302/2 [56) References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 3,144,740 8/1964 Erickson, et al. 198/33 AC 3,460,664 8/!969 Bosse 193/43 R Primary Examiner-- Evon C. Blunk Assistant Examiner-l. Kenneth Silverman Attorneys-W. M. Kain, R. P. Miller and B. I. Levine ABSTRACT: An apparatus senses the orientation of a flat article having a raised portion on one side thereof by forcing the article against a wall where a valve stem is depressed if the raised portion faces the wall. A valve enclosing a chamber is opened by the depression of the valve stem to release fluid pressure from within the chamber. Pressure-sensing facilities operated by the fluid pressure in the chamber control an orientating mechanism to insure that all articles are placed into a predetermined orientation.

PATENTEU SEP 7197! SHEET 8 BF 2 APPARATUS FOR SENSING THE ORIENTATION OF FLAT ARTICLE HAVING A RAISED PORTION ONE SIDE THEREOF BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The invention relates to apparatus for sensing the orientation of articles and particularly to apparatus for sensing the orientation of generally flat articles having raised portions thereon. One example of such a flat article with a raised portion is a ceramic resistor substrate wherein the side with the raised portion is coated with resistive material and then the raised portion abraded to produce a resistor of the desired resistance. It is necessary that the substrate be properly orien tated so that various automatic processing machines may properly handle the substrates.

2. Prior Art There are many apparatus in the prior art for sensing the orientation of articles. Generally, they are characterized by being subject to failure or being unable to sense slight raised portions on small generally flat articles.

One prior orientation-sensing apparatus utilized a wall with a rod end flush with the wall and against which one side of a flat article was forced such that the rod was depressed when a raised portion on the article was on theside facing the wall. A mechanical linkage mechanism was moved by depression of the rod end to operate a switch to sense the orientation of the article. The mechanical linkage mechanism was subject to wear and failure when operated a large number of times. Also dust, especially ceramic dust, from the articles would interfere with operation of this prior art orientation-sensing apparatus.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is a new and improved apparatus for sensing the orientation of an article and, in particular, for sensing the orientation of a generally flat article having a raised portion on one side thereof.

Another object of the present invention is a new and improved orientation-sensing apparatus which is not subject to failure caused by dust associated with the articles.

Still a further object of the invention is a new and improved apparatus for sensing the orientation of generally flat ceramic substrates having raised portions on one side thereof.

In accordance with these and other objects, an embodiment of the invention utilizesa wall with an end ofa valve stem substantially flush with the wall against which the substrate is forced to depress the valve stem when the raised portion of the substrate faces the wall. A valve member on the valve stem, normally biased to close a chamber, is opened by depressing the valve stem to release fluid pressure in the chamber. Pressure-sensing facilities connected to the chamber indicate the orientation of the article.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is an isometric view of a generally flat article having a raised portion on one side thereof;

FIG. 2 is a front view, partially in cross section, of the mechanical details of an apparatus suitable for sensing the orientation of the article shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a diagram of the pneumatic details for operating the apparatus shown in FIG. 2; and

FIG. 4 is a diagram of the electrical details to control the operation of the apparatus shown in FIGS. 2 and 3.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION Referring first to FIG. I, there is shown a resistor substrate or article having a generally flat configuration with a central raised portion ll on the top surface thereof. The raised portion 11 has grooves 12 and 13 extending between

end portions

14 and 15. The substrate is made by pressing finely ground ceramic material and a binder into the shape shown in FIG. I and then firing in a kiln. A resistive film, such as tantalum nitride, is sputtered on all the upper surfaces and terminations, such as chromium-palladium-gold terminations, are evaporated on top of the resistive film layer on the upper surfaces of the

end portions

14 and 15. Finally, the upper surface of the raised portion is abraded leaving the desired value of resistive material in the

grooves

22 and 13. The various manufacturing steps are performed by automatic machines and it is necessary that the substrate be properly oriented in all machines.

While the herein described apparatus for sensing the orientation of and for orienting flat articles with raised portions on one side thereof is particularly useful for orienting resistors similar to the resistor 10, the apparatus may be modified to orient other similar articles having generally flat surfaces with raised portions thereon.

Referring now to FIG. 2, a plurality of articles 10-10 are gravity fed from a conventional vibratory feeder (not shown) down a tube 17 into a passageway 18 in a guide member 19 which is mounted on a vertical plate 20. The internal cross section of the tube 17 is oblong and the cross section of the passageway 18 is rectangular such that the articles 10-10 are fed into the passageway 18 with the raised portion of each article 10 facing either the wall 21 or the wall 22 of the guide member 19.

An air cylinder 24 mounted on the plate 20 has a piston rod 25 with a pin 26 extending through a slot 27 of an arm 28 pivotally mounted on a pin 29 attached to the plate 20. Three

rods

30,31 and 32 are slidably mounted in

holes

33, 34 and 35 in the guide member 19 and holes (not shown) in a guide bracket 36 mounted on the plate 20. The

rods

30 and 31 extend through holes (not shown) in a driving block 37 which has a pin 38 extending through a slot 3'9 in the arm 28 so that the driving block 37 is moved horizontally by pivotal move ment of the arm 28. Similarly, the rod 32 extends through a hole (not shown) in a driving block 40 which has a pin 41 extending through a slot 42 in the arm 28 such that the block 40 is moved horizontal to pivotal movement of the arm 28. Collars 43 and 44 mounted on the

respective rods

30 and 31 to the right of the block 37 as shown in FIG. 2 cause the rods 30 and 3i to move to the right with the block 37. Similarly, a collar 45 on the rod 32 abuts the block 40 to move the rod 32 to the right with the block 40. Collars 46 and 47 on the

rods

30 and 31 with respective springs 49 and 50 interposed between the collars 46 and 47 and the block 37 urges the

rods

30 and 31 to the left with the leftward movement of the block 37. Similarly, a collar 48 with a spring 51 interposed between the collar 48 and the block 40 urge the rod! 32 to the left with the leftward movement of the block 40. The collars 42 and 46 on the rod 30 are positioned such that the left end of the rod 30 extends into the passageway 18 to support the articles 10-10 during most of a cycle of operation when the arm is alternately pivoted clockwise to engage a switch 75 and then counter clockwise to engage a switch 77. The collars 45 and 48 are positioned on the rod 32 such that the left end of the rod 32 engages the holds and second from the lowermost article 10 when the arm 28 is near its most counterclockwise position. While the second from the lowermost article 10 is held by the rod 32, the rod 30 is withdrawn from the passageway 18 by continued counterclockwise movement of the arm 28 to release the lowermost article 10. Clockwise movement of the arm 28 urges the left end of the rod 30 back into the passageway 18 and moves the rod 32 to the right so that the article 10 held by the rod 32 falls against the rod 30. Continued clockwise movement ofthe arm .28 urges the left end of the rod 31 against the lowermost article 10 above the rod 30 to force the article 10 against the the wall 21.

A housing 56 mounted on the plate 20 has an annularshaped chamber 57 which is closed at one end by a valve 58. The value 58 has a valve stem 53 slidably mounted in a bore 60 through the wall 21 of the guide member 19 at a sensing station. The valvestem 59 terminates a flat end which is generally flush or very slightly recessed from the wall of the passageway 18. The bore 60 has a cross section large enough to receive the raised portion 11 of an article but small enough to prevent the whole article 10 from being pushed therein. The bore 60 is positioned relative to the hole 33 such that the raised portion 11 of the lowermost article 10 is horizontally aligned with the bore 60. A bracket 61 mounted on the plate has a cap 62 threaded therein with a spring 63 interposed between the inner surface of the cap 62 and the valve 58 to bias the valve 58 in a closed position. The cap 62 may be screwed in or out to adjust the compression of the spring 63. The spring 63 is set to exert a lesser compression force than the spring interposed between the collar 47 and the block 37 on the rod 31. When the arm 28 is rotated clockwise and the rod 31 forces the article 10 against the wall 21, the raised portion 11 of the article 10 depresses the valve stem 59 opening the valve 58 if the raised portion faces the wall 21. If the raised portion 1 1 faces the wall 22, the valve 58 remains closed when the rod 31 forces the article 10 against the wall 21.

Referring now to FIG. 3, pressurized air from a source 65 passes through a four way valve 67 to one of the

lines

68 or 69 connected to the air cylinder 24 driving the arm 28 in FIG. 2. The valve 67 has a solenoid 71 which excited moves the valve to connect the line 69 to the source 65 and the line 68 to an exhaust opening 74. A solenoid of the valve 67, upon excitation, switches the valve back to connect line 68 to the source 65 and line 69 to the exhaust 74. A flow control valve 72 is interposed in the line 68 and a flow control valve 73 is interposed in the line 69 to control the rate of advance and retraction of the air cylinder 24.

Referring to FIG. 4, the solenoid 70 is shown connected in series with a normally opened contacts of the switch 75 and an on-off switch 66 across an AC voltage source 76. As shown in FIG. 2, the switch 75 is mounted on the plate 20 such that when the arm 28 reaches its extreme clockwise position the switch 75 is closed to excite the solenoid 70 and operate the valve 67 (FIG. 3) to retract the piston rod 25 of the air cylinder 24 and move the arm 28 in a counterclockwise direction. Similarly, the solenoid 71 is in series with normally opened contacts of the switch 77 mounted on the plate 20 (FIG. 2), contacts 78 of a relay 79, and a TRIAC 80 across the voltage source 76. The relay 79 is actuated to close the contacts 78 by current passing through a TRIAC 82 which is excited by the normally opened contacts of a pneumatic switch 83. As shown in FIG. 3, the pneumatic switch 83 is connected to an opening 84 in an exit member 87 (FIG. 2) and into which a nozzle 85 in the member 87 directs air from a pressure regulator 86 connected to the source 65 to close the switch 83. As shown in FIG. 2, when articles 1010 are backed up in a passageway in the exit member 87, the flow of air from the nozzle 85 is interrupted to open the switch 83 to discontinue the cycling of the apparatus. When the articles 1010 no longer block the flow of air from the nozzle 85 to the opening 84, the switch 83 is closed to allow the apparatus to continue operation. The TRIAC 80 is actuated by voltage through normally closed contacts of a pneumatic switch 88. As shown in FIG. 3, the pneumatic switch 88 is operated by air from a nozzle 91 into an opening 89, as shown in FIG. 2. The nozzle 91 is in the wall 21 and the opening 89 is in the wall 22 such that a sufficient number of articles 1010 fed from the tube 17 into the passageway 18 interrupt the flow of air from the nozzle 91 to keep the switch 88 closed and to allow the apparatus to continue operation. If there are insufficient articles 1010 stacked in the passageway 18 to interrupt the airflow from the nozzle 91 into the opening 89, the switch 88 is opened to deactuate the TRIAC 80 to prevent excitation of the solenoid 71. The TRIAC 80 may be bypassed by an operator closing a manual switch 92 allowing the remaining articles in the passageway 18 to be sensed and properly oriented.

Referring back to FIG. 3, air from the source 65 is applied through a pressure regulator 93, a needle valve 94 and a line 95 to the chamber 57 of the housing 56. A pneumatic switch 96 connected to the line 95 senses the pressure within the chamber 57. Referring to FIG. 4, normally open contacts of the pneumatic switch 96 are connected to the control electrode of a TRIAC 98 to energize a solenoid 99 when the microswitch 75 is closed. As shown in FIG. 3, the solenoid 99 together with a solenoid 100 operates a four-way valve 101 to selectively connect air from the source 65 to lines 102 and 103 -which are connected to

respective nozzles

104 and 105 in an orienting block 107 mounted on the plate 20 (FIG. 2) at the lower end of the guide member 19.

Referring to FIG. 2, the orienting block 107 has an upper passageway 108 which branches into two

passageways

109 and 110. Air from the nozzle 104 blows a falling article 10 from the passageway 18 into the passageway 110 while air blowing from the nozzle 105 directs the falling article 10 into the passageway 109. The

passageways

109 and 110 are continued in the surface of a cylindrical insert 112 in the block 107 where the

passageways

109 and 110 are rotated 90 in opposite directions and joined in the passageway 111. The passageway 109 rotates an article 90 in a counterclockwise direction, as viewed from above, while the passageway 110 rotates an article 10 90 in a clockwise direction. By selective application of air to the

nozzle

104 and 105, all articles 10 in the passageway 111 are oriented with the raised portion 11 facing the same direction.

Referring now back to FIG. 4, the solenoid 100 is connected in series with normally open contacts of a switch 114 mounted on the plate 20 (FIG. 2) and normally open contacts of a pneumatic switch 115 connected to the line 69 (FIG. 3). As shown in FIG. 2, the switch 114 is positioned such that it is operated by the arm 28 when the arm 28 is approximately 10 from engagement with the switch 75. The switch 114 is positioned such that an article 10 sensed in a previous cycle has had sufficient time to fall through the passageway 108 and the switch 114 opens prior to the arm 28 engaging the switch 75. As shown in FIG. 3, the pneumatic switch 115 is connected to line 69 and is operated when air is applied to line 69 to advance the piston rod 25 and move the arm 28 (FIG. 2) clockwise. The solenoid 100 is energized every time the arm 28 approaches its most clockwise position.

Referring to FIG. 3, the solenoid 100, when energized, operates the valve 101 to connect the source 65 to the line 102. The solenoid 99, when energized upon closing of switch 75 (FIGS. 2 and 4) and the valve 58 (FIG. 2) being closed to close the switch 96 (FIG. 4), operates the valve 101 to connect the source 65 to the line 103. Thus, as shown in FIG. 2, all the articles 1010 passing through the passageway 111 are oriented with the raised portions 11-1l facing into the drawing.

OPERATION Referring first to FIG. 2, initially the arm 28 is in its most counterclockwise position wherein the arm 28 engages the switch 77. First a vibrator feeder (not shown) is turned on to feed articles 1010 through the tube 17 into the passageway 18 until a sufficient number of the articles 10 10 are stacked in the passageway 18 to interrupt the airflow from the nozzle 91 into the opening 89.

Referring now to FIG. 4, the switch-66 is closed to initiate the operation of the orientation sensing and orienting apparatus. As shown in FIG. 3, with the airflow from the nozzle 91 interrupted, the pneumatic switch 88 is closed to actuate a TRIAC 80 in series with the switch 77. With the passageway 90 (FIG. 2) empty, air from the nozzle 85 enters the opening 84 to operate the pneumatic switch 83 to actuate the TRIAC 82 and the relay 79 to close the contacts 78 in series with the switch 77. The closed switch 77 energizes the solenoid 71 to connect the air source 65 to the line 69 to initiate advancement of the piston rod 25 and clockwise rotation of arm 28. As shown in FIG. 2, the rod 32 withdraws from the passageway 18 allowing the lowermost article 10 to fall down against the rod 30. Continued clockwise rotation of the arm 28 engages the left end of the rod 31 against the lowermost article to force the article 10 against the wall 21. If the raised portion 11 of the article 10 faces the wall 21, the valve stem 59 is depressed opening the valve 58 which opens the chamber 57.

Referring to FIG. 2, previous to the arm 28 reaching its most clockwise position, the switch 1 14 is closed to energize a solenoid 100 (FIGS. 3 and 4) through normally opened contacts of the pneumatic switch 115 which have been closed by the application of pressurized air to the line 69. The solenoid 100 operates the valve 101 to connect the source 65 to the line 102 and the nozzle 104. The switch 114 opens and the solenoid is deenergized prior to the arm 28 reaching its most clockwise position and its engagement with the switch 75 Referring to FIG. 3, opening the chamber 57 reduces the pressure on the line 95 which allows the normally open contacts of the pneumatic switch 96 to open. As shown in FIG. 4-, opening the contacts of the switch 96 deactuates the TRIAC 98 such that when the arm 28 reaches its most clockwise position and closes the switch 75, the solenoid 99 is not energized. Therefore, valve 101 remains operated to connect the source 65 to the line 102 and the nozzle 10 4).

Referring back to FIG. 2, if the raised portion 11 of the lowermost article 10 faces the wall 22, the valve stem 59 is not depressed and the pneumatic switch 96 (FIGS. 3 and 4) remains closed and the TRIAC 98 is actuated so that the solenoid 99 is energized and the source 65 is connected to the line 103 when the arm 28 engages the switch 75.

Referring to FIG. 4, closing the switch 75 also energizes the solenoid 70 to operate the valve 67 (FIG. 3) to connect the source 65 to the line 68 to retract the piston rod and rotate the arm 28 in a counterclockwise direction. Referring back to FIG. 2, the left end of the rod 32 engages the second from the lowermost article 10 to hold the second article It) and all articles 10-10 thereabove, and not allow them to fall. The rod then withdraws from the passageway 18 to release the lowermost article 10 into the passageway 108. If the raised portion 11 of the falling lowermost article it) faced the wall 21, air from the nozzle 104 directs the article 10 into the passageway 110 where it is rotated 90 such that the raised portion faces inwardly when it falls into the passageway 111. Conversely, if the raised portion 11 of the article 10 faced the wall 22, air from the nozzle 105 directs the article 10 into the passageway 109 where it is rotated 90 in the opposite direction such that the raised portion 11 of the article 10 faces inwardly when it falls into the passageway 111.

The arm 28 then engages the switch 77 to start a new cycle of operation.

It is to be understood that the above-described embodiment is simply illustrative of the principles of the invention and that many other embodiments may be devised without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention. For example, the passageway 109 may be horizontally aligned with the

passageways

108 and 18 so that an article 10 falls by gravity into the passageway 109 unless air is applied to the nozzle 104. Thus, the nozzle may be eliminated and the line 103 plugged.

What is claimed is:

1. An apparatus for sensing the orientation of a flat article having a raised portion on one side comprising:

a guiding and indexing means for feeding the articles, one at a time, through a passageway past a substantially flat wall at a sensing station;

a chamber;

a valve member forming one wall of the chamber;

means for biasing the valve member to close the chamber;

a valve stem extending from the valve member with the end of the valve stem being substantially flush with the wall at the sensing station when the valve is closed;

means for injecting fluid from a pressurized source into the chamber;

means cooperating with the guiding and indexing means for forcing an article against the wall to depress the valve stem and to open the valve member when the raised portion of the article faces the wall; and means cooperating the article forcing means for sensing the fluid pressure in the chamber to indicate the orientation of the article.

2. An apparatus as defined in claim 1, including:

means controlled by the sensing means for orienting all articles into a predetermined orientation.

3. An apparatus as defined in claim 1, including:

a first twisted passageway extending from the sensing station for rotating articles with a first orientation into a predetermined orientation;

a second twisted passageway extending from the sensing station for rotating articles with a second orientation into the predetermined orientation; and

means operated by the sensing means for selectively directing the articles into the first and second twisted passageways.

4. An apparatus as defined in claim 3,. wherein the selective ly directing means includes:

a noule for emitting a fluid at an article to urge the article into the first twisted passageway; and

a valve means controlled by the sensing means for selectively applying fluid from a pressurized fluid source through the nozzle.

Claims

1. An apparatus for sensing the orientation of a flat article having a raised portion on one side comprising: a guiding and indexing means for feeding the articles, one at a time, through a passageway past a substantially flat wall at a sensing station; a chamber; a valve member forming one wall of the chamber; means for biasing the valve member to close the chamber; a valve stem extending from the valve member with the end of the valve stem being substantially flush with the wall at the sensing station when the valve is closed; means for injecting fluid from a pressurized source into the chamber; means cooperating with the guiding and indexing means for forcing an article against the wall to depress the valve stem and to open the valve member when the raised portion of the article faces the wall; and means cooperating the article forcing means for sensing the fluid pressure in the chamber to indicate the orientation of the article.

2. An apparatus as defined in claim 1, including: means controlled by the sensing means for orienting all articles into a predetermined orientation.

3. An apparatus as defined in claim 1, including: a first twisted passageway extending from the sensing station for rotating articles with a first orientation into a predetermined orientation; a second twisted passageway extending from the sensing station for rotating articles with a second orientation into the predetermined orientation; and means operated by the sensing means for selectively directing the articles into the first and second twisted passageways.

4. An apparatus as defined in claim 3, wherein the selectively directing means includes: a nozzle for emitting a fluid at an article to urge the article into the first twisted passageway; and a valve means controlled by the sensing means for selectively applying fluid from a pressurized fluid source through the nozzle.